I downloaded the data file and script from the net, and used the datafile corrected by Gilles.
Charging some library and importing the file
When you click the Render button a document will be generated that includes both content and the output of embedded code. You can embed code like this:
library(stringr)library(dplyr)
Attachement du package : 'dplyr'
Les objets suivants sont masqués depuis 'package:stats':
filter, lag
Les objets suivants sont masqués depuis 'package:base':
intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
You have loaded plyr after dplyr - this is likely to cause problems.
If you need functions from both plyr and dplyr, please load plyr first, then dplyr:
library(plyr); library(dplyr)
#----DATA PROCESSING & FILTERING-------------------------------------------------#Read in data on sexual size dimorphism (SSD)ssd<-read.csv('Tombak_etal_SSDinMammals_FullDataSet.csv')ssd$Order<-as.factor(ssd$Order)########### BY NIGEL ##########----DATA PROCESSING & FILTERING-----------------------------------# cleaning some errors; various checksggplot(ssd, aes(log(massM), log(SDmassM))) +geom_point()
# 2 outliers for Artiodactyla, too small body mass or two small CV# outlier baird beaked whalessd[log(ssd$massF)>14,]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
59 Artiodactyla Ziphiidae Baird's beaked whale Berardius bairdii 11437600
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
59 362.4886 12703344 249.4056 1010 35 1045 31 66 22
n_Mlength n_Flength
59 66 22
Comments
59 Estimated weights from body lengths of individuals 15 yrs old or older, using a formula for estimating weight from body length reported in the same pub: W=(6.339 x 10^-6)L^3.081 (weight in kg and later converted to g, length in cm)
Source
59 Kasuya, T. Giant beaked whales Berardius bairdii and B. arnuxii. in Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (eds. Wursig, B., Perrin, W. F. & Thewissen, J. G. M. H.) 498\xd0500 (Elsevier Science and Technology, 2008).
ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Berardius bairdii",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
59 Artiodactyla Ziphiidae Baird's beaked whale Berardius bairdii 11437600
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
59 362.4886 12703344 249.4056 1010 35 1045 31 66 22
n_Mlength n_Flength
59 66 22
Comments
59 Estimated weights from body lengths of individuals 15 yrs old or older, using a formula for estimating weight from body length reported in the same pub: W=(6.339 x 10^-6)L^3.081 (weight in kg and later converted to g, length in cm)
Source
59 Kasuya, T. Giant beaked whales Berardius bairdii and B. arnuxii. in Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (eds. Wursig, B., Perrin, W. F. & Thewissen, J. G. M. H.) 498\xd0500 (Elsevier Science and Technology, 2008).
# no access to reference Elsevier, even if it is SE and not SD, too small SD# 3 kg for average of 11 tons..., too small even if calculating SDssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Berardius bairdii","SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Berardius bairdii","n_M"]) # SD = SE*sqrt(n)
[1] 2944.872
# remove speciesssd <-subset(ssd, Scientific_Name!="Berardius bairdii")# outlier/error for Artiodactyla, Spanish ibex, kg and not gssd[log(ssd$massM+ssd$massF)<8&ssd$Order=="Artiodactyla",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
30 Artiodactyla Bovidae Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica 50.39 11.94 31.27
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
30 5.2 NA NA NA NA 73 123 NA NA
Comments
30
Source
30 Granados, J. E., Perez, J. M., Soriguer, R. C., Fandos, P. & Ruiz-Martinez, I. On the biometry of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica, from Sierra Nevada (southern Spain). Folia Zool. 46, 9\xd014 (1997).
ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Capra pyrenaica",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
30 Artiodactyla Bovidae Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica 50.39 11.94 31.27
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
30 5.2 NA NA NA NA 73 123 NA NA
Comments
30
Source
30 Granados, J. E., Perez, J. M., Soriguer, R. C., Fandos, P. & Ruiz-Martinez, I. On the biometry of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica, from Sierra Nevada (southern Spain). Folia Zool. 46, 9\xd014 (1997).
# multiplying mean and SD by 1000 (kg -> g)ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Capra pyrenaica",c("massM","SDmassM","massF","SDmassF")] <-1000*ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Capra pyrenaica",c("massM","SDmassM","massF","SDmassF")]ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Capra pyrenaica",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
30 Artiodactyla Bovidae Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica 50390 11940 31270
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
30 5200 NA NA NA NA 73 123 NA NA
Comments
30
Source
30 Granados, J. E., Perez, J. M., Soriguer, R. C., Fandos, P. & Ruiz-Martinez, I. On the biometry of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica, from Sierra Nevada (southern Spain). Folia Zool. 46, 9\xd014 (1997).
# still two Artiodactyla with very small CVssubset(ssd, Order=="Artiodactyla"&log(SDmassF/massF) < (-3.2))
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
27 Artiodactyla Bovidae Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis 32460
49 Artiodactyla Delphinidae Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus 470000
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
27 1150 27850 400 NA NA NA NA 13 24 NA
49 31225 290333 5508 NA NA NA NA 3 3 NA
n_Flength
27 NA
49 NA
Comments
27 Used the live weight of adult springbok harvested from Rustfontein Dam Nature Reserve, which yielded the highest sample sizes
49 Calculated from the raw data (had to exclude a lot of rows because immature individuals or lactating females were there).
Source
27 Kroucamp, M. Meat quality characteristics of the springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis). (University of Stellenbosch, 2004).
49 Bloch, D., Desportes, G., Harvey, P., Lockyer, C. & Mikkelsen, B. Life history of Risso\xd5s dolphin (Grampus griseus) (G. Cuvier, 1812) in the Faroe Islands. Aquat. Mamm. 38, 250\xd0266 (2012).
# for Antidorcas marsupialis Kroucamp does not mention if it is SE or SD, but given the values and figures most likely SE# to confirm this the SD for the other study (van Zyl) are in the same magnitude if recalculating SDssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis"& ssd$SDmassF <1000,"n_F"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Antidorcas marsupialis",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
27 Artiodactyla Bovidae Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis 32460 4146.384 27850
28 Artiodactyla Bovidae Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis 33700 10285.913 27100
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
27 1959.592 NA NA NA NA 13 24 NA NA
28 4330.127 NA NA NA NA 5 3 NA NA
Comments
27 Used the live weight of adult springbok harvested from Rustfontein Dam Nature Reserve, which yielded the highest sample sizes
28
Source
27 Kroucamp, M. Meat quality characteristics of the springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis). (University of Stellenbosch, 2004).
28 Van Zyl, L. & Ferreira, A. V. Physical and chemical carcass composition of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Small Rumin. Res. 53, 103\xd0109 (2004).
ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Grampus griseus",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
49 Artiodactyla Delphinidae Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus 470000 31225
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
49 290333 5508 NA NA NA NA 3 3 NA
n_Flength
49 NA
Comments
49 Calculated from the raw data (had to exclude a lot of rows because immature individuals or lactating females were there).
Source
49 Bloch, D., Desportes, G., Harvey, P., Lockyer, C. & Mikkelsen, B. Life history of Risso\xd5s dolphin (Grampus griseus) (G. Cuvier, 1812) in the Faroe Islands. Aquat. Mamm. 38, 250\xd0266 (2012).
# could not find in the reference Bloch et al the corresponding numbers, remove the speciesssd <-subset(ssd, Scientific_Name!="Grampus griseus")subset(ssd, Order=="Perissodactyla"&log(SDmassF/massF) < (-3.2))
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
377 Perissodactyla Tapiridae South American tapir Tapirus terrestris 220250
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
377 1707.825 219500 707.1068 NA NA NA NA 4 2
n_Mlength n_Flength Comments
377 NA NA
Source
377 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
# Values for American tapir in Gondalves are indeed for F 219 and 220kg, for males 218,220,221, and 222 kg, hard to believessd <-subset(ssd, Scientific_Name!="Tapirus terrestris")# 2 outliers for Chiropterasubset(ssd, log(SDmassF/massF) < (-6))
Order Family Species Scientific_Name
191 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Mindanao pygmy fruit bat Alionycteris paucidentata
200 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Harpy fruit bat Harpyionycteris whiteheadi
massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
191 15 1.2 15 0 4.6 0.18 4.8 0.12 12 2
200 110 7.0 105 0 8.6 0.29 8.5 0.28 9 2
n_Mlength n_Flength
191 16 8
200 6 6
Comments
191 Only 2 of the captured females were not pregnant so these were the only females included here, each of which weighed 15.0g.
200 Forearm length used for body length. Used mass data from only non-pregnant adult females, of which there were only 2, each of which weighed 105g.
Source
191 Bergallo, H. de G. Ecology of a small mammal community in an Atlantic Forest Area in Southeastern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 29, 197\xd0217 (1994).
200 Heaney, L. R., Tabaranza, B. R., Rickart, E. A., Balete, D. S. & Ingle, N. R. The mammals of Mt. Kitanglad Nature Park, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldiana Zool. 112, 1\xd063 (2006).
# wrong reference for Alionycteris paucidentata, not Bergallo but Heaney, same as Harpyionycteris whiteheadi# SDmassF written as 0, 2 females captured with same weight... checked paper, correct, no changeggplot(ssd, aes(log(SDmassF), log(SDlengthF))) +geom_point() +facet_wrap(vars(Order))
Warning: Removed 399 rows containing missing values or values outside the scale range
(`geom_point()`).
Order Family Species
299 Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Monodelphis macae
344 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Common shrew
347 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Pygmy shrew
374 Peramelemorphia Peramelidae Eastern barred bandicoot
689 Scandentia Tupaiidae Northern tree shrew
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM
299 Monodelphis macae 14.80 4.604346 11.50 2.12132 9.100
344 Sorex araneus 7.67 0.100000 7.45 0.10000 6.486
347 Sorex minutus 3.00 0.060000 3.01 0.10000 4.837
374 Perameles gunnii 1049.50 8.000000 954.70 9.20000 9.660
689 Tupaia belangeri chinensis 133.71 0.540000 124.39 0.50000 18.860
SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
299 0.962 9.050 0.071 5 2 5 2
344 0.034 6.531 0.037 147 113 147 113
347 0.045 4.953 0.051 62 39 62 39
374 0.030 9.700 0.030 396 403 396 403
689 0.090 18.340 0.070 454 538 454 538
Comments
299
344 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
347 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
374 Body length = head length (also report tarsus length, ear length, and pes length - this was noted to be significantly longer in males than females but not head length).
689 Half were bred in captivity and half were captured and kept in captivity for four months but there was no difference in body weight between these groups so data are combined.
Source
299 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
344 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
347 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
374 Mallick, S. A., Driessen, M. M. & Hocking, G. J. Demography and home range of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) in south-eastern Tasmania. Wildl. Res. 27, 103\xd0115 (2000).
689 Wu, X. et al. Relationships between body weight, fasting blood glucose concentration, sex and age in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 97, 1179\xd01188 (2013).
# four species Sorex araneus (1 study), Sorex minutus, Monodelphis macae, Perameles gunnii, Tupia belangeri chinensisssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
344 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Common shrew Sorex araneus 7.67 0.100000 7.45
345 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Common shrew Sorex araneus 11.70 1.053269 12.27
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
344 0.100000 6.486 0.034 6.531 0.037 147 113 147 113
345 1.743865 NA NA NA NA 71 26 NA NA
Comments
344 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
345 Converted SEs to SDs
Source
344 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
345 Pankakoski, E. & T\x8ahk\x8a, K. M. Relation of adrenal weight to sex, maturity and season in five species of small mammals. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 19, 225\xd0232 (1982).
ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex minutus",] # same problem
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
347 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Pygmy shrew Sorex minutus 3.00 0.0600000 3.01
348 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Pygmy shrew Sorex minutus 4.39 0.2573869 4.92
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
347 0.1000000 4.837 0.045 4.953 0.051 62 39 62 39
348 0.9234961 NA NA NA NA 8 5 NA NA
Comments
347 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
348 Converted SEs to SDs
Source
347 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
348 Pankakoski, E. & T\x8ahk\x8a, K. M. Relation of adrenal weight to sex, maturity and season in five species of small mammals. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 19, 225\xd0232 (1982).
# for the study of BALÈIAUSKAS she used SE not SD... cf table 3 p 43, both Sorex araneus and minutus# Sorex araneus# Mass firstssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"& ssd$SDmassF <0.2,"n_F"])# then lengthssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthM),"SDlengthM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthM),"SDlengthM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthM),"n_Mlength"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthF),"SDlengthF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthF),"SDlengthF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus"&!is.na(ssd$SDlengthF),"n_Flength"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Sorex araneus",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
344 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Common shrew Sorex araneus 7.67 1.212436 7.45
345 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Common shrew Sorex araneus 11.70 1.053269 12.27
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
344 1.063015 6.486 0.4122281 6.531 0.3933154 147 113 147 113
345 1.743865 NA NA NA NA 71 26 NA NA
Comments
344 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
345 Converted SEs to SDs
Source
344 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
345 Pankakoski, E. & T\x8ahk\x8a, K. M. Relation of adrenal weight to sex, maturity and season in five species of small mammals. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 19, 225\xd0232 (1982).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
347 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Pygmy shrew Sorex minutus 3.00 0.4724405 3.01
348 Eulipotyphla Soricidae Pygmy shrew Sorex minutus 4.39 0.2573869 4.92
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
347 0.6244998 4.837 0.3543304 4.953 0.3184949 62 39 62 39
348 0.9234961 NA NA NA NA 8 5 NA NA
Comments
347 SDmass converted from SE. The sample did not include pregnant females.
348 Converted SEs to SDs
Source
347 Bal_iauskas, L. Sex- and age-related differences in tooth row length of small mammals: Shrews. Acta Zool. Litu. 14, 41\xd047 (2004).
348 Pankakoski, E. & T\x8ahk\x8a, K. M. Relation of adrenal weight to sex, maturity and season in five species of small mammals. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 19, 225\xd0232 (1982).
# Perameles gunnii (note that mean values for length are strange 9.7, google search gives 32 cm...)ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Perameles gunnii",] # Most likely same problem, SD of 8 and 9.2 for a mass of 1000g!!
Order Family Species Scientific_Name
374 Peramelemorphia Peramelidae Eastern barred bandicoot Perameles gunnii
massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
374 1049.5 8 954.7 9.2 9.66 0.03 9.7 0.03 396 403
n_Mlength n_Flength
374 396 403
Comments
374 Body length = head length (also report tarsus length, ear length, and pes length - this was noted to be significantly longer in males than females but not head length).
Source
374 Mallick, S. A., Driessen, M. M. & Hocking, G. J. Demography and home range of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) in south-eastern Tasmania. Wildl. Res. 27, 103\xd0115 (2000).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name
374 Peramelemorphia Peramelidae Eastern barred bandicoot Perameles gunnii
massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
374 1049.5 159.198 954.7 184.6887 9.66 0.5969925 9.7 0.6022458 396 403
n_Mlength n_Flength
374 396 403
Comments
374 Body length = head length (also report tarsus length, ear length, and pes length - this was noted to be significantly longer in males than females but not head length).
Source
374 Mallick, S. A., Driessen, M. M. & Hocking, G. J. Demography and home range of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) in south-eastern Tasmania. Wildl. Res. 27, 103\xd0115 (2000).
# Monodelphis macaessd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Monodelphis macae",] # low SDlengthF but two females only
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
299 Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Monodelphis macae Monodelphis macae 14.8
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
299 4.604346 11.5 2.12132 9.1 0.962 9.05 0.071 5 2
n_Mlength n_Flength Comments
299 5 2
Source
299 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
# Tupia belangeri chinensisssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia belangeri chinensis",] # Values are SEM, not converted to SD
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
689 Scandentia Tupaiidae Northern tree shrew Tupaia belangeri chinensis 133.71
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
689 0.54 124.39 0.5 18.86 0.09 18.34 0.07 454 538
n_Mlength n_Flength
689 454 538
Comments
689 Half were bred in captivity and half were captured and kept in captivity for four months but there was no difference in body weight between these groups so data are combined.
Source
689 Wu, X. et al. Relationships between body weight, fasting blood glucose concentration, sex and age in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 97, 1179\xd01188 (2013).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
689 Scandentia Tupaiidae Northern tree shrew Tupaia belangeri chinensis 133.71
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
689 11.50593 124.39 11.59741 18.86 1.917655 18.34 1.623638 454 538
n_Mlength n_Flength
689 454 538
Comments
689 Half were bred in captivity and half were captured and kept in captivity for four months but there was no difference in body weight between these groups so data are combined.
Source
689 Wu, X. et al. Relationships between body weight, fasting blood glucose concentration, sex and age in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 97, 1179\xd01188 (2013).
# Pteropus poliocephalusssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Pteropus poliocephalus",] # same problem she used SE not SD, cf Welbergen 2010
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
205 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Gray-headed flying fox Pteropus poliocephalus 842
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
205 11 675 9.7 16.5 0.04 16.2 0.05 87 73 87
n_Flength
205 73
Comments
205 Body masses MAY include breeding season (collected February through July)! However, body mass curves show that males are always larger than females, although sexual size dimorphism is lowest in June.
Source
205 Welbergen, J. A. Growth, bimaturation, and sexual size dimorphism in wild gray-headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus). J. Mammal. 91, 38\xd047 (2010).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
205 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Gray-headed flying fox Pteropus poliocephalus 842
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
205 102.6012 675 82.87684 16.5 0.3730952 16.2 0.4272002 87 73
n_Mlength n_Flength
205 87 73
Comments
205 Body masses MAY include breeding season (collected February through July)! However, body mass curves show that males are always larger than females, although sexual size dimorphism is lowest in June.
Source
205 Welbergen, J. A. Growth, bimaturation, and sexual size dimorphism in wild gray-headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus). J. Mammal. 91, 38\xd047 (2010).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
689 Scandentia Tupaiidae Northern tree shrew Tupaia belangeri chinensis 133.71
690 Scandentia Tupaiidae Common treeshrew Tupaia glis 179.00
691 Scandentia Tupaiidae Large treeshrew Tupaia tana 213.00
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
689 11.50593 124.39 11.59741 18.86 1.917655 18.34 1.623638 454 538
690 13.53000 176.50 17.68000 NA NA NA NA 3 2
691 4.90000 215.00 3.50000 NA NA NA NA 12 10
n_Mlength n_Flength
689 454 538
690 NA NA
691 NA NA
Comments
689 Half were bred in captivity and half were captured and kept in captivity for four months but there was no difference in body weight between these groups so data are combined.
690
691 Used values from the non-masting period 2002-2004 from the primary forest population, since females have been noted to increase in body condition during the masting period.
Source
689 Wu, X. et al. Relationships between body weight, fasting blood glucose concentration, sex and age in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 97, 1179\xd01188 (2013).
690 Mariana, A., Shukor, M. N., Muhd, N. H., Intan, N. B. & Ho, T. M. Movements and home range of a common species of tree-shrew, Tupaia glis, surrounding houses of otoacariasis cases in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 3, 427\xd0434 (2010).
691 Munshi-South, J. Asocial monogamy, extra-pair paternity, and dispersal in the large treeshrew (Tupaia tana). (University of Maryland, 2006).
# Tupaia tana; Used values from the non-masting period 2002-2004; SE not converted; thesis Marylandssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Tupaia tana","n_F"])subset(ssd, Order=="Scandentia") # fit with other species same order
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
689 Scandentia Tupaiidae Northern tree shrew Tupaia belangeri chinensis 133.71
690 Scandentia Tupaiidae Common treeshrew Tupaia glis 179.00
691 Scandentia Tupaiidae Large treeshrew Tupaia tana 213.00
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
689 11.50593 124.39 11.59741 18.86 1.917655 18.34 1.623638 454 538
690 13.53000 176.50 17.68000 NA NA NA NA 3 2
691 16.97410 215.00 11.06797 NA NA NA NA 12 10
n_Mlength n_Flength
689 454 538
690 NA NA
691 NA NA
Comments
689 Half were bred in captivity and half were captured and kept in captivity for four months but there was no difference in body weight between these groups so data are combined.
690
691 Used values from the non-masting period 2002-2004 from the primary forest population, since females have been noted to increase in body condition during the masting period.
Source
689 Wu, X. et al. Relationships between body weight, fasting blood glucose concentration, sex and age in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 97, 1179\xd01188 (2013).
690 Mariana, A., Shukor, M. N., Muhd, N. H., Intan, N. B. & Ho, T. M. Movements and home range of a common species of tree-shrew, Tupaia glis, surrounding houses of otoacariasis cases in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 3, 427\xd0434 (2010).
691 Munshi-South, J. Asocial monogamy, extra-pair paternity, and dispersal in the large treeshrew (Tupaia tana). (University of Maryland, 2006).
subset(ssd, Order=="Rodentia"&log(SDmassF)<0)
Order Family Species Scientific_Name
499 Rodentia Cricetidae Chilomys instans Chilomys instans
602 Rodentia Muridae Arabian spiny mouse Acomys dimidiatus
605 Rodentia Muridae Wilson's spiny mouse Acomys wilsoni
632 Rodentia Muridae Typical striped grass mouse Lemniscomys striatus
massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF
499 18.57143 3.154739 15.66667 0.5773503 NA NA NA NA
602 35.70000 1.000000 36.40000 0.7000000 NA NA NA NA
605 29.30000 2.500000 31.70000 0.5000000 NA NA NA NA
632 7.70000 0.700000 6.90000 0.6000000 NA NA NA NA
n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
499 7 3 NA NA
602 73 63 NA NA
605 9 3 NA NA
632 45 36 NA NA
Comments
499
602 This study didn't find a significant difference in body weight between the sexes but males were significantly larger than females in winter (pregnancies observed from spring to autumn but only a total of 7 pregnant females captured).
605
632 Used data from age class II (an age class within the range of sexual maturity and with the highest sample size). These are dry weights of carcasess after gut, liver and any embryos are removed.
Source
499 Ocampo, D. et al. Body mass data set for 1,317 bird and 270 mammal species from Colombia. Ecology 102, (2021).
602 Sarli, J., Luterman, H., Alagaili, A. N., Mohammed, O. B. & Bennett, N. C. Seasonal reproduction in the Arabian spiny mouse, Acomys dimidiatus (Rodentia: Muridae) from Saudi Arabia: The role of rainfall and temperature. J. Arid Environ. 124, 352\xd0359 (2016).
605 Canova, L. & Fasola, M. Small rodents along a ground-cover gradient in coastal Kenya. Trop. Zool. 13, 219\xd0226 (2000).
632 Field, A. C. Seasonal changes in reproduction, diet and body composition of two equatorial rodents. Afr. J. Ecol. 13, 221\xd0235 (1975).
# Acomys dimidiatus; 35.70000 1.000000 36.40000 0.7000000; checked paper these are SEssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus","n_F"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Acomys dimidiatus",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
602 Rodentia Muridae Arabian spiny mouse Acomys dimidiatus 35.7 8.544004 36.4
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
602 5.556078 NA NA NA NA 73 63 NA NA
Comments
602 This study didn't find a significant difference in body weight between the sexes but males were significantly larger than females in winter (pregnancies observed from spring to autumn but only a total of 7 pregnant females captured).
Source
602 Sarli, J., Luterman, H., Alagaili, A. N., Mohammed, O. B. & Bennett, N. C. Seasonal reproduction in the Arabian spiny mouse, Acomys dimidiatus (Rodentia: Muridae) from Saudi Arabia: The role of rainfall and temperature. J. Arid Environ. 124, 352\xd0359 (2016).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
435 Primates Galagidae Zanzibar bushbaby Galagoides zanzibaricus 150
442 Primates Indriidae Verreaux's sifaka Propithecus verreauxi majori 3376
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
435 6.4000 137 6.10000 NA NA NA NA 35 38
442 401.6367 3389 74.95332 NA NA NA NA 2 2
n_Mlength n_Flength Comments
435 NA NA
442 NA NA
Source
435 Smith, R. J. & Jungers, W. L. Body mass in comparative primatology. J. Hum. Evol. 32, 523\xd0559 (1997).
442 Kappeler, P. M. Patterns of sexual dimorphism in body weight among prosimian primates. Folia Primatol. 57, 132\xd0146 (1991).
Warning: Removed 3 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
(`stat_smooth()`).
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
(`stat_smooth()`).
subset(ssd, SDmassM==0) # some species with SD=0
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
99 Chiroptera Emballonuridae Lesser dog-like bat Peropteryx macrotis 6
103 Chiroptera Furipteridae Thumbless bat Furipterus horrens 4
113 Chiroptera Molossidae Dwarf dog-faced bat Molossops temminckii 6
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F
99 0 5.560000 0.6066300 4.343 0.2110 4.606 0.092 4 5
103 0 4.000000 0.8164966 3.570 0.0580 3.708 0.079 3 4
113 0 6.333333 1.5275252 3.070 0.0141 3.077 0.164 2 3
n_Mlength n_Flength Comments
99 4 5
103 3 4
113 2 3
Source
99 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
103 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
113 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
# Using both regressions to identify outliersssd[abs(residuals(lm(log(massM)~log(SDmassM+0.01), data=ssd)))>2, ] # adding 0.01 because some SD=0
Order Family Species
32 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok
99 Chiroptera Emballonuridae Lesser dog-like bat
103 Chiroptera Furipteridae Thumbless bat
113 Chiroptera Molossidae Dwarf dog-faced bat
364 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Plateau pika
685 Rodentia Sciuridae Cape ground squirrel
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF
32 Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 50400.00 1000.00 56200.000000 1.980000e+04
99 Peropteryx macrotis 6.00 0.00 5.560000 6.066300e-01
103 Furipterus horrens 4.00 0.00 4.000000 8.164966e-01
113 Molossops temminckii 6.00 0.00 6.333333 1.527525e+00
364 Ochotona curzoniae 152.49 1.59 149.170000 1.320000e+00
685 Xerus inauris 601.50 6.10 550.000000 6.600000e+00
lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength Comments
32 NA NA NA NA 4 4 NA NA
99 4.343 0.2110 4.606 0.092 4 5 4 5
103 3.570 0.0580 3.708 0.079 3 4 3 4
113 3.070 0.0141 3.077 0.164 2 3 2 3
364 NA NA NA NA 147 140 NA NA
685 NA NA NA NA 50 55 NA NA
Source
32 Van Zyl, L. & Ferreira, A. V. Physical and chemical carcass composition of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Small Rumin. Res. 53, 103\xd0109 (2004).
99 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
103 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
113 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
364 Nie, H., Liu, J. & Chen, B. Life-history traits and fitness of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in alpine meadow ecosystem. Ecol. Evol. 12, 1\xd017 (2022).
685 Waterman, J. M. Reproductive biology of a tropical, non-hibernating ground squirrel. J. Mammal. 77, 134\xd0146 (1996).
# Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi, Ochotona curzoniae, Xerus inauris (# excluding the ones with SD=0)ssd[abs(residuals(lm(log(SDmassM+0.01)~log(massM), data=ssd)))>2, ] # adding 0.01 because some SD=0
Order Family Species
1 Afrosoricida Chrysochloridae Hottentot golden mole
32 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok
81 Carnivora Mustelidae Tayra
99 Chiroptera Emballonuridae Lesser dog-like bat
103 Chiroptera Furipteridae Thumbless bat
113 Chiroptera Molossidae Dwarf dog-faced bat
364 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Plateau pika
368 Macroscelidea Macroscelididae Eastern rock elephant shrew
685 Rodentia Sciuridae Cape ground squirrel
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
1 Amblysomus hottentotus 80.600 1.24499 66.000000
32 Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 50400.000 1000.00000 56200.000000
81 Eira barbara 2775.625 3099.50902 4350.000000
99 Peropteryx macrotis 6.000 0.00000 5.560000
103 Furipterus horrens 4.000 0.00000 4.000000
113 Molossops temminckii 6.000 0.00000 6.333333
364 Ochotona curzoniae 152.490 1.59000 149.170000
368 Elephantulus myurus 51.740 0.88200 53.830000
685 Xerus inauris 601.500 6.10000 550.000000
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
1 8.637523e+00 NA NA NA NA 155 148 NA
32 1.980000e+04 NA NA NA NA 4 4 NA
81 2.121320e+02 NA NA NA NA 6 2 NA
99 6.066300e-01 4.343 0.2110 4.606 0.092 4 5 4
103 8.164966e-01 3.570 0.0580 3.708 0.079 3 4 3
113 1.527525e+00 3.070 0.0141 3.077 0.164 2 3 2
364 1.320000e+00 NA NA NA NA 147 140 NA
368 5.352831e+00 NA NA NA NA 36 37 NA
685 6.600000e+00 NA NA NA NA 50 55 NA
n_Flength
1 NA
32 NA
81 NA
99 5
103 4
113 3
364 NA
368 NA
685 NA
Comments
1 SEs converted to SDs. Note that foetuses were detected in females throughout the year and only overall averages for the whole sampling period were reported, but males were so much larger than females that their relative sizes are unlikely to be much affected by foetuses so we kept the data.
32
81
99
103
113
364
368 Combined age classes 5 and 6 (all above age class 3 are sexually mature). Used Baker and Nissin's (1963, Nature) equation to calculate new SEs for the combined means.
685
Source
1 Schoeman, S., Bennett, N. C., van der Merwe, M. & Schoeman, A. S. Aseasonal reproduction in the Hottentot golden mole, Amblysomus hottentotus (Afrosoricida: Chrysochloridae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Zool. 39, 41\xd046 (2004).
32 Van Zyl, L. & Ferreira, A. V. Physical and chemical carcass composition of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Small Rumin. Res. 53, 103\xd0109 (2004).
81 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
99 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
103 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
113 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
364 Nie, H., Liu, J. & Chen, B. Life-history traits and fitness of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in alpine meadow ecosystem. Ecol. Evol. 12, 1\xd017 (2022).
368 Medger, K. The reproductive biology of two small southern African mammals, the spiny mouse, Acomys spinosissimus (Rodentia: Muridae) and the Eastern rock elephant-shrew, Elephantulus myurus (Macrosclidea: Macroscelididae). (University of Pretoria, 2011).
685 Waterman, J. M. Reproductive biology of a tropical, non-hibernating ground squirrel. J. Mammal. 77, 134\xd0146 (1996).
# Amblysomus hottentotus, Elephantulus myurus# Amblysomus hottentotus 80.60 1.24499 66.000000 8.6375228 # AfrJZOol Mean body mass of males (mean ± 1 S.E. 80.6g ±0.10,n= 155) was significantly higher than that of females (66.0 g ± 0.71,n= 148)0.10*sqrt(155) # Ok
[1] 1.24499
0.71*sqrt(148) # Ok
[1] 8.637523
# Elephantulus myurus 51.74 0.88200 53.830000 5.3528310# s 5 and 6 (all above age class 3 are sexually mature). Used Baker and Nissin's (1963, Nature) equation to calculate new SEs for the combined means# from Medger(22*49.8+14*54.8)/36# Ok, same value for mean males
[1] 51.74444
(30*53.6+7*54.8)/37# Ok same value for mean females
[1] 53.82703
# from Baker 1963, squared st error(1/(36*35))*(22*21*(1.0^2)+14*13*(1.3^2)+(22*14/36)*(49.8-54.8)^2) # Males
[1] 0.7805309
sqrt((1/(36*35))*(22*21*(1.0^2)+14*13*(1.3^2)+(22*14/36)*(49.8-54.8)^2)) # Males SE used in paper
sqrt((1/(37*36))*(30*29*(0.9^2)+7*6*(2.8^2)+(30*7/37)*(53.6-54.8)^2)) # Females SE
[1] 0.8845322
sqrt(37)*sqrt((1/(37*36))*(30*29*(0.9^2)+7*6*(2.8^2)+(30*7/37)*(53.6-54.8)^2)) # Females SD used in paper
[1] 5.380399
ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Elephantulus myurus","SDmassM"] <-sqrt(36)*sqrt((1/(36*35))*(22*21*(1.0^2)+14*13*(1.3^2)+(22*14/36)*(49.8-54.8)^2))ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Elephantulus myurus","SDmassF"] <-sqrt(37)*sqrt((1/(37*36))*(30*29*(0.9^2)+7*6*(2.8^2)+(30*7/37)*(53.6-54.8)^2)) # Females SD used in paperssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Elephantulus myurus",]
Order Family Species
368 Macroscelidea Macroscelididae Eastern rock elephant shrew
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF
368 Elephantulus myurus 51.74 5.300859 53.83 5.380399 NA NA NA
SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
368 NA 36 37 NA NA
Comments
368 Combined age classes 5 and 6 (all above age class 3 are sexually mature). Used Baker and Nissin's (1963, Nature) equation to calculate new SEs for the combined means.
Source
368 Medger, K. The reproductive biology of two small southern African mammals, the spiny mouse, Acomys spinosissimus (Rodentia: Muridae) and the Eastern rock elephant-shrew, Elephantulus myurus (Macrosclidea: Macroscelididae). (University of Pretoria, 2011).
# Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi values given in van Zyl for means and SE are : 50.4±5.0 56.2±9.9ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
32 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 50400 1000
33 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 72615 7136
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
32 56200 19800 NA NA NA NA 4 4 NA
33 68545 4741 NA NA NA NA 13 11 NA
n_Flength
32 NA
33 NA
Comments
32
33 Adult blesbok weights at capture in Groenkloof Nature Reserve, calculated from raw data in Table 1.
Source
32 Van Zyl, L. & Ferreira, A. V. Physical and chemical carcass composition of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Small Rumin. Res. 53, 103\xd0109 (2004).
33 Fitte, A. Determination of the pathophysiological consequences of capture and capture-induced hyperthermia in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi). (University of Pretoria, 2016).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
32 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 50400 10000
33 Artiodactyla Bovidae Blesbok Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi 72615 7136
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
32 56200 19800 NA NA NA NA 4 4 NA
33 68545 4741 NA NA NA NA 13 11 NA
n_Flength
32 NA
33 NA
Comments
32
33 Adult blesbok weights at capture in Groenkloof Nature Reserve, calculated from raw data in Table 1.
Source
32 Van Zyl, L. & Ferreira, A. V. Physical and chemical carcass composition of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Small Rumin. Res. 53, 103\xd0109 (2004).
33 Fitte, A. Determination of the pathophysiological consequences of capture and capture-induced hyperthermia in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi). (University of Pretoria, 2016).
# Ochotona curzoniae, SE not SD, for example considering range of variationssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae","n_F"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Ochotona curzoniae",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
364 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae 152.49 19.27773
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
364 149.17 15.61845 NA NA NA NA 147 140 NA
n_Flength Comments
364 NA
Source
364 Nie, H., Liu, J. & Chen, B. Life-history traits and fitness of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in alpine meadow ecosystem. Ecol. Evol. 12, 1\xd017 (2022).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
685 Rodentia Sciuridae Cape ground squirrel Xerus inauris 601.5 6.1 550
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
685 6.6 NA NA NA NA 50 55 NA NA
Comments
685
Source
685 Waterman, J. M. Reproductive biology of a tropical, non-hibernating ground squirrel. J. Mammal. 77, 134\xd0146 (1996).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
685 Rodentia Sciuridae Cape ground squirrel Xerus inauris 601.5 43.13351
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
685 550 48.94691 NA NA NA NA 50 55 NA
n_Flength Comments
685 NA
Source
685 Waterman, J. M. Reproductive biology of a tropical, non-hibernating ground squirrel. J. Mammal. 77, 134\xd0146 (1996).
ssd[abs(residuals(lm(log(massF)~log(SDmassF+0.01), data=ssd)))>2, ] # adding 0.01 because some SD=0
Order Family Species
191 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Mindanao pygmy fruit bat
200 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Harpy fruit bat
307 Diprotodontia Macropodidae Red-necked wallaby
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM
191 Alionycteris paucidentata 15 1.2 15 0 4.6
200 Harpyionycteris whiteheadi 110 7.0 105 0 8.6
307 Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus 24700 7600.0 10600 100 NA
SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
191 0.18 4.8 0.12 12 2 16 8
200 0.29 8.5 0.28 9 2 6 6
307 NA NA NA 4 2 NA NA
Comments
191 Only 2 of the captured females were not pregnant so these were the only females included here, each of which weighed 15.0g.
200 Forearm length used for body length. Used mass data from only non-pregnant adult females, of which there were only 2, each of which weighed 105g.
307
Source
191 Bergallo, H. de G. Ecology of a small mammal community in an Atlantic Forest Area in Southeastern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 29, 197\xd0217 (1994).
200 Heaney, L. R., Tabaranza, B. R., Rickart, E. A., Balete, D. S. & Ingle, N. R. The mammals of Mt. Kitanglad Nature Park, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldiana Zool. 112, 1\xd063 (2006).
307 Le Mar, K., McArthur, C. & Statham, M. Home ranges of sympatric red-necked wallabies, redbellied pademelons and common brushtail possums in a temperate eucalypt forestry environment. Aust. Mammal. 25, 183\xd0191 (2003).
# only 2 females for Macropus rufogriseus, SD for F 100, other species with SD=0 (also with n_F=2)ssd[abs(residuals(lm(log(massF)~log(SDmassF+0.01), data=ssd)))>1.7, ] # adding 0.01 because some SD=0
Order Family Species
73 Carnivora Felidae Jaguarundi
191 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Mindanao pygmy fruit bat
200 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Harpy fruit bat
307 Diprotodontia Macropodidae Red-necked wallaby
308 Diprotodontia Macropodidae Western brush wallaby
357 Lagomorpha Leporidae Snowshoe hare
442 Primates Indriidae Verreaux's sifaka
539 Rodentia Cricetidae Hairy-tailed bolo mouse
578 Rodentia Dinomyidae Dinomys branickii
605 Rodentia Muridae Wilson's spiny mouse
621 Rodentia Muridae Greater bandicoot rat
656 Rodentia Muridae Mount Data shrew-rat
668 Rodentia Sciuridae Brazilian squirrel
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
73 Puma yagouaroundi 4058.57692 2449.77057 3398.18571
191 Alionycteris paucidentata 15.00000 1.20000 15.00000
200 Harpyionycteris whiteheadi 110.00000 7.00000 105.00000
307 Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus 24700.00000 7600.00000 10600.00000
308 Notamocropus irma 8390.00000 720.00000 9080.00000
357 Lepus americanus 1027.30000 22.50000 1167.30000
442 Propithecus verreauxi majori 3376.00000 401.63665 3389.00000
539 Necromys lasiurus 37.57576 10.55130 46.15217
578 Dinomys branickii 7000.00000 2828.42713 5300.00000
605 Acomys wilsoni 29.30000 2.50000 31.70000
621 Bandicota indica 557.00000 15.00000 503.00000
656 Rhynchomys soricoides 154.40000 13.30000 157.50000
668 Guerlinguetus brasiliensis 183.90000 38.26937 112.00000
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
73 4042.88497 NA NA NA NA 13 7 NA NA
191 0.00000 4.600 0.180 4.800 0.120 12 2 16 8
200 0.00000 8.600 0.290 8.500 0.280 9 2 6 6
307 100.00000 NA NA NA NA 4 2 NA NA
308 260.00000 12.200 0.540 12.200 0.600 7 6 7 6
357 24.80000 NA NA NA NA 23 15 NA NA
442 74.95332 NA NA NA NA 2 2 NA NA
539 45.46913 10.734 1.991 11.678 3.105 33 23 32 23
578 5798.27561 NA NA NA NA 2 2 NA NA
605 0.50000 NA NA NA NA 9 3 NA NA
621 10.00000 NA NA NA NA 15 33 NA NA
656 2.90000 NA NA NA NA 9 4 NA NA
668 103.23759 18.667 1.492 15.550 6.435 10 2 9 2
Comments
73
191 Only 2 of the captured females were not pregnant so these were the only females included here, each of which weighed 15.0g.
200 Forearm length used for body length. Used mass data from only non-pregnant adult females, of which there were only 2, each of which weighed 105g.
307
308 Body length is head length.
357 Hares livetrapped in Tomahawk, Wisconsin - body masses from the beginning of the study (before an experiment with doubly labeled water).
442
539
578
605
621 Used values from non-pregnant females and males in the Year 1 Wet Season (largest sample size).
656
668
Source
73 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
191 Bergallo, H. de G. Ecology of a small mammal community in an Atlantic Forest Area in Southeastern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 29, 197\xd0217 (1994).
200 Heaney, L. R., Tabaranza, B. R., Rickart, E. A., Balete, D. S. & Ingle, N. R. The mammals of Mt. Kitanglad Nature Park, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldiana Zool. 112, 1\xd063 (2006).
307 Le Mar, K., McArthur, C. & Statham, M. Home ranges of sympatric red-necked wallabies, redbellied pademelons and common brushtail possums in a temperate eucalypt forestry environment. Aust. Mammal. 25, 183\xd0191 (2003).
308 Povh, L. F. et al. Shedding light on a cryptic macropodid: home ranges and habitat preferences of translocated western brush wallabies (Notamacropus irma). Aust. Mammal. 41, 82\xd091 (2018).
357 Ellsworth, E., Boudreau, M. R., Nagy, K., Rachlow, J. L. & Murray, D. L. Differential sex-related winter energetics in free-ranging snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Can. J. Zool. 94, 115\xd0121 (2015).
442 Kappeler, P. M. Patterns of sexual dimorphism in body weight among prosimian primates. Folia Primatol. 57, 132\xd0146 (1991).
539 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
578 Ocampo, D. et al. Body mass data set for 1,317 bird and 270 mammal species from Colombia. Ecology 102, (2021).
605 Canova, L. & Fasola, M. Small rodents along a ground-cover gradient in coastal Kenya. Trop. Zool. 13, 219\xd0226 (2000).
621 Thitipramote, N., Swanjarat, J. & Breed, W. G. Reproductive biology of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in the rice fields of southern Thailand. Curr. Zool. 55, 48\xd055 (2009).
656 Balete, D. S., Rickart, E. A., Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B., Jansa, S. & Heaney, L. R. Descriptions of two new species of Rhynchomys Thomas (Rodentia: Muridae: Murinae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. J. Mammal. 88, 287\xd0301 (2007).
668 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
ssd[abs(residuals(lm(log(SDmassF+0.01)~log(massF), data=ssd)))>2, ] # adding 0.01 because some SD=0
Order Family Species
73 Carnivora Felidae Jaguarundi
191 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Mindanao pygmy fruit bat
200 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Harpy fruit bat
307 Diprotodontia Macropodidae Red-necked wallaby
578 Rodentia Dinomyidae Dinomys branickii
605 Rodentia Muridae Wilson's spiny mouse
656 Rodentia Muridae Mount Data shrew-rat
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF
73 Puma yagouaroundi 4058.577 2449.771 3398.186 4042.885
191 Alionycteris paucidentata 15.000 1.200 15.000 0.000
200 Harpyionycteris whiteheadi 110.000 7.000 105.000 0.000
307 Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus 24700.000 7600.000 10600.000 100.000
578 Dinomys branickii 7000.000 2828.427 5300.000 5798.276
605 Acomys wilsoni 29.300 2.500 31.700 0.500
656 Rhynchomys soricoides 154.400 13.300 157.500 2.900
lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
73 NA NA NA NA 13 7 NA NA
191 4.6 0.18 4.8 0.12 12 2 16 8
200 8.6 0.29 8.5 0.28 9 2 6 6
307 NA NA NA NA 4 2 NA NA
578 NA NA NA NA 2 2 NA NA
605 NA NA NA NA 9 3 NA NA
656 NA NA NA NA 9 4 NA NA
Comments
73
191 Only 2 of the captured females were not pregnant so these were the only females included here, each of which weighed 15.0g.
200 Forearm length used for body length. Used mass data from only non-pregnant adult females, of which there were only 2, each of which weighed 105g.
307
578
605
656
Source
73 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
191 Bergallo, H. de G. Ecology of a small mammal community in an Atlantic Forest Area in Southeastern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 29, 197\xd0217 (1994).
200 Heaney, L. R., Tabaranza, B. R., Rickart, E. A., Balete, D. S. & Ingle, N. R. The mammals of Mt. Kitanglad Nature Park, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldiana Zool. 112, 1\xd063 (2006).
307 Le Mar, K., McArthur, C. & Statham, M. Home ranges of sympatric red-necked wallabies, redbellied pademelons and common brushtail possums in a temperate eucalypt forestry environment. Aust. Mammal. 25, 183\xd0191 (2003).
578 Ocampo, D. et al. Body mass data set for 1,317 bird and 270 mammal species from Colombia. Ecology 102, (2021).
605 Canova, L. & Fasola, M. Small rodents along a ground-cover gradient in coastal Kenya. Trop. Zool. 13, 219\xd0226 (2000).
656 Balete, D. S., Rickart, E. A., Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B., Jansa, S. & Heaney, L. R. Descriptions of two new species of Rhynchomys Thomas (Rodentia: Muridae: Murinae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. J. Mammal. 88, 287\xd0301 (2007).
# Lepus americanus 1027.30000 22.50000 1167.30000 24.80000 # IN Ellsworth stated as SEssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","SDmassM"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","SDmassM"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","n_M"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","SDmassF"]<- ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","SDmassF"]*sqrt(ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus","n_F"])ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Lepus americanus",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
357 Lagomorpha Leporidae Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus 1027.3 107.9062 1167.3
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
357 96.04999 NA NA NA NA 23 15 NA NA
Comments
357 Hares livetrapped in Tomahawk, Wisconsin - body masses from the beginning of the study (before an experiment with doubly labeled water).
Source
357 Ellsworth, E., Boudreau, M. R., Nagy, K., Rachlow, J. L. & Murray, D. L. Differential sex-related winter energetics in free-ranging snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Can. J. Zool. 94, 115\xd0121 (2015).
# Dinomys branickii, too high SD?ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Dinomys branickii",] # hard to check in Ocampo, did not find original ref
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
578 Rodentia Dinomyidae Dinomys branickii Dinomys branickii 7000 2828.427
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
578 5300 5798.276 NA NA NA NA 2 2 NA
n_Flength Comments
578 NA
Source
578 Ocampo, D. et al. Body mass data set for 1,317 bird and 270 mammal species from Colombia. Ecology 102, (2021).
# Bandicota indica 557 15 503 10ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Bandicota indica",] # used SE and not SD
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF
621 Rodentia Muridae Greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica 557 15 503
SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
621 10 NA NA NA NA 15 33 NA NA
Comments
621 Used values from non-pregnant females and males in the Year 1 Wet Season (largest sample size).
Source
621 Thitipramote, N., Swanjarat, J. & Breed, W. G. Reproductive biology of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in the rice fields of southern Thailand. Curr. Zool. 55, 48\xd055 (2009).
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM SDmassM
621 Rodentia Muridae Greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica 557 58.09475
massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
621 503 57.44563 NA NA NA NA 15 33 NA
n_Flength
621 NA
Comments
621 Used values from non-pregnant females and males in the Year 1 Wet Season (largest sample size).
Source
621 Thitipramote, N., Swanjarat, J. & Breed, W. G. Reproductive biology of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in the rice fields of southern Thailand. Curr. Zool. 55, 48\xd055 (2009).
subset(ssd, log(SDmassF) < (-1))
Order Family Species
100 Chiroptera Emballonuridae Greater sac-winged bat
108 Chiroptera Miniopteridae Least long-fingered bat
120 Chiroptera Molossidae Broad-eared bat
191 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Mindanao pygmy fruit bat
200 Chiroptera Pteropodidae Harpy fruit bat
215 Chiroptera Vespertilionidae Western barbastelle
230 Chiroptera Vespertilionidae Fea's tube-nosed bat
247 Chiroptera Vespertilionidae Eastern small-footed myotis
265 Chiroptera Vespertilionidae Kuhl's pipistrelle
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM
100 Saccopteryx bilineata 7.70 0.2000000 8.00 0.2000000 NA
108 Miniopterus minor 6.30 0.3000000 6.20 0.2000000 3.980
120 Nyctinomops laticaudatus 10.50 0.8660254 9.75 0.3535534 4.397
191 Alionycteris paucidentata 15.00 1.2000000 15.00 0.0000000 4.600
200 Harpyionycteris whiteheadi 110.00 7.0000000 105.00 0.0000000 8.600
215 Barbastella barbastellus 8.16 0.4000000 8.70 0.2100000 3.904
230 Murina feae 4.70 0.3000000 5.20 0.3000000 NA
247 Myotis leibii 4.11 0.4100000 3.90 0.3300000 3.019
265 Pipistrellus kuhlii 5.37 0.8300000 6.53 0.2800000 3.299
SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
100 NA NA NA 17 6 NA NA
108 0.0800 3.990 0.0900 26 29 20 20
120 0.0896 4.525 0.0636 3 2 3 2
191 0.1800 4.800 0.1200 12 2 16 8
200 0.2900 8.500 0.2800 9 2 6 6
215 0.0380 3.937 0.1290 21 6 NA NA
230 NA NA NA 3 2 NA NA
247 0.0780 2.948 0.0400 4 15 4 15
265 0.1700 3.373 0.1890 5 3 NA NA
Comments
100
108
120
191 Only 2 of the captured females were not pregnant so these were the only females included here, each of which weighed 15.0g.
200 Forearm length used for body length. Used mass data from only non-pregnant adult females, of which there were only 2, each of which weighed 105g.
215 Forearm length in used for body length.
230
247 Body length is forearm length. Measurements wild-caught adults.
265 Forearm length used for body length.
Source
100 Voigt, C. C., Von Helversen, O., Michener, R. & Kunz, T. H. The economics of harem maintenance in the sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata (Emballonuridae). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 50, 31\xd036 (2001).
108 McWilliam, A. N. Mating system of the bat Miniopterus minor (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kenya, East Africa: A lek? Ethology 85, 302\xd0312 (1990).
120 Gon\x8dalves, F. et al. Atlantic Mammal Traits: a data set of morphological traits of mammals in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Ecology 99, 498 (2018).
191 Bergallo, H. de G. Ecology of a small mammal community in an Atlantic Forest Area in Southeastern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 29, 197\xd0217 (1994).
200 Heaney, L. R., Tabaranza, B. R., Rickart, E. A., Balete, D. S. & Ingle, N. R. The mammals of Mt. Kitanglad Nature Park, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldiana Zool. 112, 1\xd063 (2006).
215 Toffoli, R., Culasso, P., Locatelli, A. G. & Giraudo, L. Bats of Alpi Marittime Nature Park (north west Italy) and site of community importance. Nat. Hist. Sci. 3, 3\xd013 (2016).
230 Soisook, P. Systematics, biogeography and echolocation of tube-nosed bats genus Murina (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Mainland Southeast Asia. (Prince of Songkla University, 2013).
247 Lacki, M. J. et al. Temporal changes in body mass and body condition of cave-hibernating bats during staging and swarming. J. Fish Wildl. Manag. 6, 360\xd0370 (2015).
265 Toffoli, R., Culasso, P., Locatelli, A. G. & Giraudo, L. Bats of Alpi Marittime Nature Park (north west Italy) and site of community importance. Nat. Hist. Sci. 3, 3\xd013 (2016).
# Saccopteryx bilineata, Miniopterus minor # Saccopteryx bilineata 7.70 0.2000000 8.00 0.2000000# in Voigt Body mass for adult males averaged 7.7 g (±0.3 g SD, n=17) and 8.0 g (±0.2 g SD, n=6) for adult femalesssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Saccopteryx bilineata","SDmassM"] <-0.3ssd[ssd$Scientific_Name=="Miniopterus minor",]
Order Family Species Scientific_Name massM
108 Chiroptera Miniopteridae Least long-fingered bat Miniopterus minor 6.3
SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength
108 0.3 6.2 0.2 3.98 0.08 3.99 0.09 26 29 20
n_Flength Comments
108 20
Source
108 McWilliam, A. N. Mating system of the bat Miniopterus minor (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kenya, East Africa: A lek? Ethology 85, 302\xd0312 (1990).
# in McWilliam Weight (g): males = 6.3 f 0.3 (26), females = 6.2 k 0.2 (29)# Forearm length (mm): males = 39.8 k 0.8 (2O), females = 39.9 k 0.9 (20)subset(ssd, Order=="Dasyuromorphia") # species with relatively large SD
Order Family Species Scientific_Name
275 Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Brown antechinus Antechinus stuartii
276 Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Northern quoll Dasyurus hallucatus
277 Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Tiger quoll Dasyurus maculatus
278 Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Red-tailed phascogale Phascogale calura
279 Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Tasmanian devil Sarcophilus harrisii
massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM lengthF SDlengthF
275 39.16 6.528113 22.0 2.972098 NA NA NA NA
276 588.00 34.000000 428.0 28.000000 NA NA NA NA
277 2800.00 700.000000 1700.0 300.000000 10.7 1 9.3 0.8
278 47.20 2.700000 32.6 0.900000 NA NA NA NA
279 8400.00 1300.000000 6400.0 890.000000 NA NA NA NA
n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
275 17 10 NA NA
276 20 16 NA NA
277 41 20 41 20
278 15 56 NA NA
279 353 513 NA NA
Comments
275 Combined July and August weights, using Baker and Nissim's 1963 equation to calculate the new SE and then converting to SD, because these were the months that the trapped individuals were sexually mature but not yet breeding.
276 Used their April weights (recruitment season, before breeding).
277 Head length used for body length. Also report tail length and short-pes length (so hindfoot length, excluding the toes)
278 Sample size not explicitly stated but estimated based on number of males and females trapped on June 12 and June 18 (mid-June trapping dates). Used body weights when they peaked in mid-June of first-year males and females as they approached (but before) the breeding season (the males all disappear from the population after the breeding season while second-year females are heavier than all first-year adults).
279
Source
275 McAllan, B. M., Roberts, J. R. & O\xd5Shea, T. Seasonal changes in glomerular filtration rate in Antechinus stuartii (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). J. Comp. Physiol. - B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. 168, 41\xd049 (1998).
276 Hernandez-Santin, L., Dunlop, J. A., Goldizen, A. W. & Fisher, D. O. Demography of the northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) in the most arid part of its range. J. Mammal. 100, 1191\xd01198 (2019).
277 Glen, A. S. Population attributes of the spotted-tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) in north-eastern New South Wales. Aust. J. Zool. 56, 137\xd0142 (2008).
278 Bradley, A. J. Reproduction and life history in the red-tailed phascogale, Phascogale calura (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae): The adaptive-stress senescence hypothesis. J. Zool. 241, 739\xd0755 (1997).
279 Belkhir, S., Hamede, R., Thomas, F., Ujvari, B. & Dujon, A. M. Season, weight, and age, but not transmissible cancer, affect tick loads in the endangered Tasmanian devil. Infect. Genet. Evol. 98, (2022).
# Dasyurus maculatus 2800.00 700.000000 1700.0 300.000000# from Glen aust j zool Body mass (kg) 2.8 ± 0.7 (1.4–4.2) 1.7 ± 0.3 (1.2–2.4)# end checks NIGEL####################
Using some of the original script to ad their classification of dimorphism
#Calculate 95% CI's for a difference in mean mass#CI= (x1-x2) +/-t * sqrt((sp2/n1) + sp2/n2))#where x1 and x2 are the sample 1 mean and sample 2 mean, respectively#t = the t-critical value based on the confidence level and (n1+n2-2) degrees of freedom#sp2 = pooled variance, calculated as ((n1-1)s12 + (n2-1)s22)/(n1+n2-2)#and n1, n2 are the sample sizes for sample 1 and sample 2, respectively##See this link for further explanation: https://www.r-bloggers.com/2021/11/calculate-confidence-intervals-in-r/#Calculate pooled variance for each difference (male-female) in meansssd<-mutate(ssd, PooledMassVar=((n_M-1)*SDmassM^2+ (n_F-1)*SDmassF^2)/(n_M + n_F -2))#Calculate margin of error for each difference (male-female) in meansssd<-mutate(ssd, massdiffErrorMargin=qt(0.975, df=n_M+n_F-1)*sqrt(PooledMassVar/n_M + PooledMassVar/n_F))#Now calculate the lower and upper bounds of the 95% CI of the mass differencesssd<-mutate(ssd, massdiffLower95CI=(massM - massF) - massdiffErrorMargin)ssd<-mutate(ssd, massdiffUpper95CI=(massM - massF) + massdiffErrorMargin)#Create a categorical column for mono- or dimorphic based on 95%CIssd<-mutate(ssd, massDimorphicYN=ifelse((massdiffLower95CI<0& massdiffUpper95CI>0) | (massdiffLower95CI>0& massdiffUpper95CI<0), 'Monomorphic', 'Dimorphic'))ssd$massDimorphicYN<-factor(ssd$massDimorphicYN, levels=c('Monomorphic', 'Dimorphic'))#Create a column assigning each row as male-biased dimorphic, female-biased##dimorphic, or monomorphicssd$massDimorphism<-ifelse(ssd$massM>ssd$massF & ssd$massDimorphicYN=='Dimorphic', 'Male-Biased Dimorphic', 'Monomorphic')ssd$massDimorphism<-ifelse(ssd$massM<ssd$massF & ssd$massDimorphicYN=='Dimorphic', 'Female-Biased Dimorphic', ssd$massDimorphism)
Creating some subfiles with some criteria on the number of species per family and on the number of individuals weighed.
d<-ssdhead(d)
Order Family Species
1 Afrosoricida Chrysochloridae Hottentot golden mole
2 Afrosoricida Chrysochloridae Namib desert golden mole
3 Afrosoricida Tenrecidae Lesser hedgehog tenrec
4 Afrosoricida Tenrecidae Large-eared tenrec
5 Afrosoricida Tenrecidae Highland streaked tenrec
6 Afrosoricida Tenrecidae Lowland streaked tenrec
Scientific_Name massM SDmassM massF SDmassF lengthM SDlengthM
1 Amblysomus hottentotus 80.6 1.24499 66.0 8.637523 NA NA
2 Eremitalpa granti namibensis 28.0 6.70000 23.1 3.600000 NA NA
3 Echinops telfairi 102.4 19.29000 99.9 17.820000 NA NA
4 Geogale aurita 7.3 1.02000 7.0 1.340000 NA NA
5 Hemicentetes nigriceps 111.0 15.59000 98.0 6.560000 NA NA
6 Hemicentetes semispinosus 109.5 16.72000 107.6 16.010000 NA NA
lengthF SDlengthF n_M n_F n_Mlength n_Flength
1 NA NA 155 148 NA NA
2 NA NA 4 8 NA NA
3 NA NA 24 15 NA NA
4 NA NA 17 15 NA NA
5 NA NA 3 3 NA NA
6 NA NA 24 5 NA NA
Comments
1 SEs converted to SDs. Note that foetuses were detected in females throughout the year and only overall averages for the whole sampling period were reported, but males were so much larger than females that their relative sizes are unlikely to be much affected by foetuses so we kept the data.
2
3
4
5
6
Source
1 Schoeman, S., Bennett, N. C., van der Merwe, M. & Schoeman, A. S. Aseasonal reproduction in the Hottentot golden mole, Amblysomus hottentotus (Afrosoricida: Chrysochloridae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Zool. 39, 41\xd046 (2004).
2 Fielden, L. J. Selected aspects of the adaptive biology and ecology of the Namib desert golden mole (Eremitalpa granti namibensis). (University of Natal, 1989).
3 Kappeler, P. M., Nunn, C. L., Vining, A. Q. & Goodman, S. M. Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. Sci. Rep. 9, 1\xd014 (2019).
4 Kappeler, P. M., Nunn, C. L., Vining, A. Q. & Goodman, S. M. Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. Sci. Rep. 9, 1\xd014 (2019).
5 Kappeler, P. M., Nunn, C. L., Vining, A. Q. & Goodman, S. M. Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. Sci. Rep. 9, 1\xd014 (2019).
6 Kappeler, P. M., Nunn, C. L., Vining, A. Q. & Goodman, S. M. Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. Sci. Rep. 9, 1\xd014 (2019).
PooledMassVar massdiffErrorMargin massdiffLower95CI massdiffUpper95CI
1 37.228902 1.3799291 13.2200709 15.979929
2 22.539000 6.3988226 -1.4988226 11.298823
3 351.462916 12.4915371 -9.9915371 14.991537
4 1.392827 0.8526681 -0.5526681 1.152668
5 143.040850 25.1024347 -12.1024347 38.102435
6 276.115689 16.7328608 -14.8328608 18.632861
massDimorphicYN massDimorphism
1 Dimorphic Male-Biased Dimorphic
2 Monomorphic Monomorphic
3 Monomorphic Monomorphic
4 Monomorphic Monomorphic
5 Monomorphic Monomorphic
6 Monomorphic Monomorphic
d<-d[,-c(17,18)]d$genus<-word(d$Scientific_Name,1,sep=" ")d$dimo<-log(d$massM/d$massF) # dimorphism accounting for allometryd$dimo.pM<-(d$massM-d$massF)/d$massM ### dimorphism as in the paper, with Males as a refd$dimo.pF<-(d$massM-d$massF)/d$massF ### dimorphism as in the paper, with females as a refd$massF.kg<-d$massF/1000## mass in kgd$logmassF<-log(d$massF) ## d$massDimorphism<-as.factor(d$massDimorphism)##dN<-droplevels(d[d$n_F>9&d$n_M>9,]) # D with species where 10 or more females and 10 or more males were weighed## Datafile with ORDER having 5 species or more d2<-droplevels(d[d$Order%in%names(table(d$Order)[table(d$Order)>4]),]) d2N<-droplevels(dN[dN$Order%in%names(table(dN$Order)[table(dN$Order)>4]),]) # D2 with species where 10 or more females and 10 or more males were weighedlength(unique(d2$Species)); length(unique(d2N$Species))
[1] 619
[1] 391
## Datafile with FAMILY having 5 species or more d3<-droplevels(d[d$Family%in%names(table(d$Family)[table(d$Family)>4]),]) d3N<-droplevels(dN[dN$Family%in%names(table(dN$Family)[table(dN$Family)>4]),]) # with species where 10 or more females and 10 or more males were weighedlength(unique(d3$Species)); length(unique(d3N$Species))
[1] 517
[1] 291
#aggregate(d$Family,list(d$Family),length)## datafile for the Order with most species## with all speciesd.rod<-droplevels(d[d$Order=="Rodentia",],)d.pri<-droplevels(d[d$Order=="Primates",],)d.chi<-droplevels(d[d$Order=="Chiroptera",],)d.art<-droplevels(d[d$Order=="Artiodactyla",],)d.car<-droplevels(d[d$Order=="Carnivora",],)## with only families that had 5 species or mored3.rod<-droplevels(d3[d3$Order=="Rodentia",],)d3.pri<-droplevels(d3[d3$Order=="Primates",],)d3.chi<-droplevels(d3[d3$Order=="Chiroptera",],)d3.art<-droplevels(d3[d3$Order=="Artiodactyla",],)d3.car<-droplevels(d3[d3$Order=="Carnivora",],)## among d3, with species with 10 individuals or more measured in each sexd3N.rod<-droplevels(d3N[d3N$Order=="Rodentia",],)d3N.pri<-droplevels(d3N[d3N$Order=="Primates",],)d3N.chi<-droplevels(d3N[d3N$Order=="Chiroptera",],)d3N.art<-droplevels(d3N[d3N$Order=="Artiodactyla",],)d3N.car<-droplevels(d3N[d3N$Order=="Carnivora",],)
Some figures to look at the grade effect per family, within Order
Warning in qt((1 - level)/2, df): Production de NaN
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Warning in qt((1 - level)/2, df): Production de NaN
Warning in qt((1 - level)/2, df): Production de NaN
Warning in qt((1 - level)/2, df): Production de NaN
Warning in max(ids, na.rm = TRUE): aucun argument pour max ; -Inf est renvoyé
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Warning in max(ids, na.rm = TRUE): aucun argument pour max ; -Inf est renvoyé
# with the dataset with 5 species or more per Orderggplot(d3, aes(fill=Family, y=log(massM), x=log(massF),colour=Family), show.legend =FALSE) +facet_grid(~Order,scales="free")+facet_wrap(~Order,nrow=3,scales="free")+geom_abline(intercept =0, slope =1, color="darkgrey",size=1.2, show.legend =FALSE)+geom_point( show.legend =FALSE)+geom_smooth(aes(group=Family),method="lm", show.legend =FALSE)
Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
## with the most restricted data set (5 species or more, 10 individuals or more)ggplot(d3N, aes(fill=Family, y=log(massM), x=log(massF),colour=Family), show.legend =FALSE) +facet_grid(~Order,scales="free")+facet_wrap(~Order,nrow=3,scales="free")+geom_abline(intercept =0, slope =1, color="darkgrey",size=1.2, show.legend =FALSE)+geom_point( show.legend =FALSE)+geom_smooth(aes(group=Family),method="lm", show.legend =FALSE)
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
Measures of dimorphism matter when allometry is accounted for
Comparing 3 measures of dimorphism and how they change with female body mass
dimo.pM: as measured in the paper, i.e. (massM-massF)/massM (taking male body mass as a reference)
=0 for monomorphic species, <0 if female larger than male, >0 if male larger than female,
=0.5 is male mass is twice as heavy that of female, =-1 if male is half the mass of female)
dimo.pF: (massM-massF)/massF (taking female body mass a a reference)
=0 for monomorphic species, <0 if female larger than male, >0 if male larger than female
= 1 if male is twice as heavy as female, = -0.5 if male is half the mass of female
dimo: log(massM/massF)
=0 for monomorphic species
<0 if massM<massF, >0 if massF<massM
Ratio: massM/massF
=1 for monomorphic species
oddSSD<-seq(0.6,2,0.2) ## ratio MassM/massFFBM<-seq(0,100,10)[-1] ## le vecteur de body mass female D<-expand.grid(FBM=FBM,oddSSD=oddSSD) ## la base de données fictivesD$MBM<-D$FBM*D$oddSSD ## le vecteur de body mass male pour differents ratio et differetes masses femellesD$dimo.pM<-(D$MBM*-D$FBM)/D$MBM ## la mesure de dimo comme dans le papier avec la masse male comme refD$dimo.pF<-(D$MBM*-D$FBM)/D$FBM ## la mesure de dimo comme dans le papier mais avec la masse femelle comme refD$dimo<-log(D$MBM/D$FBM) ## la mesure de dimorphisme "correcte" ggplot(D, aes( y=dimo.pM, x=dimo,fill=FBM,color=FBM ))+facet_grid(~oddSSD)+facet_wrap(~oddSSD,nrow=4)+geom_vline(xintercept =0, color="red",size=1.2, show.legend =FALSE)+geom_point(show.legend =FALSE)+geom_smooth(aes(group=oddSSD,colour=oddSSD,fill=oddSSD),method="lm", show.legend =FALSE)
geom_smooth: na.rm = FALSE, orientation = NA, se = TRUE
stat_smooth: na.rm = FALSE, orientation = NA, se = TRUE, method = lm, formula = y ~ a * x + b
position_identity
