Teoría

El paquete CARET (Clasification And REgression Training) es un paquete integral con una amplia variedad de algoritmos para el aprendizaje automático.

Instalar paquetes y llamar librerías

#install.packages("ggplot2") #Gráficas con mejor diseño
library(ggplot2)
## Warning: package 'ggplot2' was built under R version 4.3.2
#install.packages("lattice") #Crear gráficos
library(lattice)
## Warning: package 'lattice' was built under R version 4.3.2
#install.packages("caret") #Algoritmos de aprendizaje automático
library(caret)
## Warning: package 'caret' was built under R version 4.3.2
#install.packages("datasets") #Usar la base de datos IRIS
library(datasets)
#install.packages("mlbench")
library(mlbench)
## Warning: package 'mlbench' was built under R version 4.3.2
#install.packages("dplyr")
library(dplyr)
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
#install.packages("DataExplorer")
library(DataExplorer)
## Warning: package 'DataExplorer' was built under R version 4.3.2

Crear base de datos

df <- data.frame(iris)

Análisis exploratorio

summary(df)
##   Sepal.Length    Sepal.Width     Petal.Length    Petal.Width   
##  Min.   :4.300   Min.   :2.000   Min.   :1.000   Min.   :0.100  
##  1st Qu.:5.100   1st Qu.:2.800   1st Qu.:1.600   1st Qu.:0.300  
##  Median :5.800   Median :3.000   Median :4.350   Median :1.300  
##  Mean   :5.843   Mean   :3.057   Mean   :3.758   Mean   :1.199  
##  3rd Qu.:6.400   3rd Qu.:3.300   3rd Qu.:5.100   3rd Qu.:1.800  
##  Max.   :7.900   Max.   :4.400   Max.   :6.900   Max.   :2.500  
##        Species  
##  setosa    :50  
##  versicolor:50  
##  virginica :50  
##                 
##                 
## 
str(df)
## 'data.frame':    150 obs. of  5 variables:
##  $ Sepal.Length: num  5.1 4.9 4.7 4.6 5 5.4 4.6 5 4.4 4.9 ...
##  $ Sepal.Width : num  3.5 3 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.4 2.9 3.1 ...
##  $ Petal.Length: num  1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 ...
##  $ Petal.Width : num  0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 ...
##  $ Species     : Factor w/ 3 levels "setosa","versicolor",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
#create_report()
plot_missing(df)

plot_histogram(df)

plot_correlation(df)

Nota: La variable que queremos predecir debe tener formato de FACTOR

Partir datos 80-20

set.seed(123)
renglones_entrenamento <- createDataPartition(df$Species, p=0.8, list=FALSE)
entrenamiento <- iris[renglones_entrenamento, ]
prueba <- iris[-renglones_entrenamento, ]

Distintos tipos de Métodos para Modelar

Los métodos más utilizado para modelaraprendizaje automático son:

  • SSM: Support Vector Machine o Máquina de Vectores de Sporte Hay varios subtipos: Linear (svmLinear), Radial (svmRadial), Polinómico (svmPoly), etc.
  • Árbol de Decisión: rpart
  • Redes Neuronales: nnet
  • Random Forest o Bosques Aleatorios: rf

1.Modelo con el Método svmLinear

modelo1 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmLinear", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(C=1) #Cuando es svmLinear
                )

resultado_entrenamiento1 <- predict(modelo1, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba1 <- predict(modelo1, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento1, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre1
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         39         0
##   virginica       0          1        40
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9917          
##                  95% CI : (0.9544, 0.9998)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9875          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9750           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9875
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9756
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9877           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3250           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3250           0.3417
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9875           0.9938
mcrp1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba1, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp1
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0         10         1
##   virginica       0          0         9
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9667          
##                  95% CI : (0.8278, 0.9992)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 2.963e-13       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.95            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9000
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9500           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.9091           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9524
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.3000
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3667           0.3000
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9750           0.9500

2.Modelo con el Método svmRadial

modelo2 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmRadial", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(sigma=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento2 <- predict(modelo2, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba2 <- predict(modelo2, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento2, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre2
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         39         0
##   virginica       0          1        40
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9917          
##                  95% CI : (0.9544, 0.9998)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9875          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9750           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9875
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9756
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9877           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3250           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3250           0.3417
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9875           0.9938
mcrp2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba2, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp2
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0         10         2
##   virginica       0          0         8
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9333          
##                  95% CI : (0.7793, 0.9918)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 8.747e-12       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9             
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.8000
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9000           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.8333           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9091
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.2667
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.4000           0.2667
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9500           0.9000

3.Modelo con el Método svmPoly

modelo3 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmPoly", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(degree=1, scale=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento3 <- predict(modelo3, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba3 <- predict(modelo3, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento3, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre3
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         39         0
##   virginica       0          1        40
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9917          
##                  95% CI : (0.9544, 0.9998)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9875          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9750           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9875
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9756
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9877           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3250           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3250           0.3417
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9875           0.9938
mcrp3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba3, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp3
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0         10         1
##   virginica       0          0         9
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9667          
##                  95% CI : (0.8278, 0.9992)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 2.963e-13       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.95            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9000
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9500           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.9091           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9524
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.3000
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3667           0.3000
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9750           0.9500

4.Modelo con el Método rpart

modelo4 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "rpart", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneLength=10 #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento4 <- predict(modelo4, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba4 <- predict(modelo4, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento4, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre4
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         39         3
##   virginica       0          1        37
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9667          
##                  95% CI : (0.9169, 0.9908)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.95            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9750           0.9250
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9625           0.9875
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.9286           0.9737
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9872           0.9634
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3250           0.3083
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3500           0.3167
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9688           0.9563
mcrp4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba4, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp4
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0         10         2
##   virginica       0          0         8
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9333          
##                  95% CI : (0.7793, 0.9918)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 8.747e-12       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9             
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.8000
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9000           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.8333           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9091
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.2667
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.4000           0.2667
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9500           0.9000

5.Modelo con el Método nnet

modelo5 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "nnet", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10) #Cambiar
                )
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 130.530132 
## iter  10 value 50.031494
## iter  20 value 48.622939
## iter  30 value 46.051782
## iter  40 value 45.435982
## iter  50 value 45.023331
## iter  60 value 41.544443
## iter  70 value 18.376424
## iter  80 value 4.629967
## iter  90 value 3.675228
## iter 100 value 3.275824
## final  value 3.275824 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 132.517409 
## iter  10 value 22.263231
## iter  20 value 2.574680
## iter  30 value 0.008513
## final  value 0.000051 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 136.160730 
## iter  10 value 3.642258
## iter  20 value 0.051614
## iter  30 value 0.013220
## iter  40 value 0.001249
## final  value 0.000086 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 124.472165 
## iter  10 value 57.985437
## iter  20 value 43.232595
## final  value 43.170440 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 118.611044 
## iter  10 value 30.413305
## iter  20 value 21.077103
## iter  30 value 20.192922
## iter  40 value 20.153936
## final  value 20.153924 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 131.301286 
## iter  10 value 26.646865
## iter  20 value 17.682102
## iter  30 value 17.633586
## iter  40 value 17.623573
## iter  50 value 17.364993
## iter  60 value 17.295129
## iter  70 value 17.290694
## final  value 17.290666 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 115.622911 
## iter  10 value 33.350769
## iter  20 value 4.676969
## iter  30 value 3.131052
## iter  40 value 2.922591
## iter  50 value 2.825976
## iter  60 value 2.769974
## iter  70 value 2.741299
## iter  80 value 2.741136
## iter  90 value 2.739093
## final  value 2.739035 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 139.822975 
## iter  10 value 37.447376
## iter  20 value 1.445699
## iter  30 value 0.316497
## iter  40 value 0.287713
## iter  50 value 0.260591
## iter  60 value 0.236249
## iter  70 value 0.224761
## iter  80 value 0.215415
## iter  90 value 0.194816
## iter 100 value 0.189471
## final  value 0.189471 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 123.298044 
## iter  10 value 4.177632
## iter  20 value 0.257205
## iter  30 value 0.224601
## iter  40 value 0.200241
## iter  50 value 0.193031
## iter  60 value 0.182082
## iter  70 value 0.164800
## iter  80 value 0.149792
## iter  90 value 0.144373
## iter 100 value 0.142810
## final  value 0.142810 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 123.243079 
## iter  10 value 49.923348
## iter  20 value 49.909994
## iter  30 value 49.907880
## final  value 49.906719 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 117.894759 
## iter  10 value 9.481781
## iter  20 value 0.026637
## iter  30 value 0.001156
## final  value 0.000052 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 131.870976 
## iter  10 value 17.010430
## iter  20 value 0.698814
## iter  30 value 0.001401
## final  value 0.000067 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 141.804121 
## iter  10 value 63.315182
## iter  20 value 44.532148
## iter  30 value 42.998412
## final  value 42.994034 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 129.180442 
## iter  10 value 44.217928
## iter  20 value 19.729677
## iter  30 value 18.527378
## iter  40 value 18.411074
## iter  50 value 18.393711
## iter  60 value 18.393129
## final  value 18.393125 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 143.533117 
## iter  10 value 21.063126
## iter  20 value 17.843661
## iter  30 value 17.106737
## iter  40 value 16.985544
## iter  50 value 16.981278
## iter  60 value 16.980626
## final  value 16.980585 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 123.091645 
## iter  10 value 49.148390
## iter  20 value 35.943210
## iter  30 value 10.736283
## iter  40 value 2.021433
## iter  50 value 1.687392
## iter  60 value 1.640809
## iter  70 value 1.636953
## iter  80 value 1.613389
## iter  90 value 1.611928
## iter 100 value 1.611137
## final  value 1.611137 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 113.416728 
## iter  10 value 6.236444
## iter  20 value 0.187917
## iter  30 value 0.166748
## iter  40 value 0.155642
## iter  50 value 0.144249
## iter  60 value 0.141208
## iter  70 value 0.138463
## iter  80 value 0.136774
## iter  90 value 0.134567
## iter 100 value 0.132971
## final  value 0.132971 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 124.153763 
## iter  10 value 6.673362
## iter  20 value 0.166533
## iter  30 value 0.154159
## iter  40 value 0.149227
## iter  50 value 0.136832
## iter  60 value 0.125718
## iter  70 value 0.121478
## iter  80 value 0.115540
## iter  90 value 0.113390
## iter 100 value 0.110992
## final  value 0.110992 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 128.347385 
## iter  10 value 55.157651
## iter  20 value 47.800562
## iter  30 value 47.763719
## iter  40 value 47.763542
## iter  50 value 47.762534
## final  value 47.762465 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 115.590774 
## iter  10 value 5.054265
## iter  20 value 1.048058
## iter  30 value 0.000979
## final  value 0.000072 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 123.951869 
## iter  10 value 13.178443
## iter  20 value 0.965118
## iter  30 value 0.002392
## final  value 0.000078 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 123.195822 
## iter  10 value 53.656490
## iter  20 value 43.803131
## iter  30 value 43.734766
## final  value 43.734347 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 123.651803 
## iter  10 value 29.880588
## iter  20 value 19.921143
## iter  30 value 19.707388
## iter  40 value 19.705704
## final  value 19.705624 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 148.336280 
## iter  10 value 27.474145
## iter  20 value 18.301737
## iter  30 value 18.138015
## iter  40 value 18.086240
## iter  50 value 18.084155
## iter  60 value 18.083934
## final  value 18.083909 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 122.563728 
## iter  10 value 32.122176
## iter  20 value 10.269949
## iter  30 value 4.526292
## iter  40 value 3.900620
## iter  50 value 3.805816
## iter  60 value 3.743349
## iter  70 value 3.733207
## iter  80 value 3.721238
## iter  90 value 3.713938
## iter 100 value 3.705684
## final  value 3.705684 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 130.631378 
## iter  10 value 4.944652
## iter  20 value 0.903581
## iter  30 value 0.602599
## iter  40 value 0.449328
## iter  50 value 0.416076
## iter  60 value 0.405323
## iter  70 value 0.397568
## iter  80 value 0.392801
## iter  90 value 0.386606
## iter 100 value 0.380965
## final  value 0.380965 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 152.884265 
## iter  10 value 11.737646
## iter  20 value 1.402922
## iter  30 value 0.553654
## iter  40 value 0.456488
## iter  50 value 0.433353
## iter  60 value 0.391721
## iter  70 value 0.350673
## iter  80 value 0.322382
## iter  90 value 0.309362
## iter 100 value 0.302224
## final  value 0.302224 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 133.677265 
## iter  10 value 49.425529
## iter  20 value 45.125104
## iter  30 value 24.714814
## iter  40 value 6.951374
## iter  50 value 3.962940
## iter  60 value 3.585057
## iter  70 value 2.556588
## iter  80 value 2.219301
## iter  90 value 2.033936
## iter 100 value 2.011517
## final  value 2.011517 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 120.219437 
## iter  10 value 20.105178
## iter  20 value 0.691846
## iter  30 value 0.000424
## final  value 0.000094 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 130.013247 
## iter  10 value 6.990719
## iter  20 value 0.117056
## final  value 0.000078 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 122.587894 
## iter  10 value 55.646479
## iter  20 value 44.073616
## iter  30 value 44.056707
## final  value 44.056649 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 122.488484 
## iter  10 value 30.042105
## iter  20 value 22.364237
## iter  30 value 21.402694
## iter  40 value 21.391770
## final  value 21.391728 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 151.848122 
## iter  10 value 27.150882
## iter  20 value 20.889994
## iter  30 value 19.061592
## iter  40 value 18.857339
## iter  50 value 18.636402
## iter  60 value 18.597842
## iter  70 value 18.581420
## final  value 18.581304 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 125.447189 
## iter  10 value 42.432302
## iter  20 value 14.708081
## iter  30 value 5.928158
## iter  40 value 4.717183
## iter  50 value 4.261072
## iter  60 value 3.990872
## iter  70 value 3.894028
## iter  80 value 3.877352
## iter  90 value 3.868846
## iter 100 value 3.865924
## final  value 3.865924 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 141.522247 
## iter  10 value 19.693351
## iter  20 value 2.060082
## iter  30 value 0.713635
## iter  40 value 0.684010
## iter  50 value 0.651024
## iter  60 value 0.599068
## iter  70 value 0.534726
## iter  80 value 0.525302
## iter  90 value 0.477461
## iter 100 value 0.468104
## final  value 0.468104 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 117.492171 
## iter  10 value 5.474776
## iter  20 value 0.633193
## iter  30 value 0.523049
## iter  40 value 0.506835
## iter  50 value 0.486677
## iter  60 value 0.470314
## iter  70 value 0.423468
## iter  80 value 0.413761
## iter  90 value 0.406423
## iter 100 value 0.383741
## final  value 0.383741 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 128.494859 
## iter  10 value 67.868204
## iter  20 value 40.370984
## iter  30 value 8.030160
## iter  40 value 3.602779
## iter  50 value 3.354456
## iter  60 value 3.245703
## iter  70 value 3.148381
## iter  80 value 3.017232
## iter  90 value 2.916738
## iter 100 value 2.698927
## final  value 2.698927 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 121.387618 
## iter  10 value 17.333188
## iter  20 value 6.562404
## iter  30 value 4.218606
## iter  40 value 0.023796
## iter  50 value 0.013835
## iter  60 value 0.007181
## iter  70 value 0.000265
## final  value 0.000094 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 131.764022 
## iter  10 value 6.923964
## iter  20 value 0.585918
## iter  30 value 0.001510
## final  value 0.000094 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 117.924376 
## iter  10 value 59.153858
## iter  20 value 45.980503
## iter  30 value 43.965813
## final  value 43.965807 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 122.524569 
## iter  10 value 28.252379
## iter  20 value 20.308998
## iter  30 value 19.983255
## iter  40 value 19.969846
## final  value 19.969845 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 175.722543 
## iter  10 value 24.152694
## iter  20 value 19.351652
## iter  30 value 18.570128
## iter  40 value 18.540253
## iter  50 value 18.531786
## iter  60 value 18.531273
## final  value 18.531272 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 125.626851 
## iter  10 value 50.695359
## iter  20 value 28.615271
## iter  30 value 12.424432
## iter  40 value 5.029030
## iter  50 value 4.166888
## iter  60 value 3.979676
## iter  70 value 3.882211
## iter  80 value 3.873043
## iter  90 value 3.872674
## iter 100 value 3.871442
## final  value 3.871442 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 123.025871 
## iter  10 value 27.020381
## iter  20 value 2.694706
## iter  30 value 1.092737
## iter  40 value 0.872715
## iter  50 value 0.758401
## iter  60 value 0.630276
## iter  70 value 0.571755
## iter  80 value 0.515264
## iter  90 value 0.475373
## iter 100 value 0.452080
## final  value 0.452080 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 134.385829 
## iter  10 value 5.396493
## iter  20 value 1.952502
## iter  30 value 0.810078
## iter  40 value 0.740163
## iter  50 value 0.700944
## iter  60 value 0.648312
## iter  70 value 0.581811
## iter  80 value 0.540064
## iter  90 value 0.513923
## iter 100 value 0.483298
## final  value 0.483298 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 124.033991 
## iter  10 value 53.598901
## iter  20 value 53.094417
## iter  30 value 51.710795
## iter  40 value 44.732729
## iter  50 value 17.281237
## iter  60 value 6.529030
## iter  70 value 3.473730
## iter  80 value 3.279187
## iter  90 value 3.156556
## iter 100 value 2.981555
## final  value 2.981555 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 126.207925 
## iter  10 value 6.867316
## iter  20 value 0.342203
## iter  30 value 0.000889
## final  value 0.000071 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 146.268437 
## iter  10 value 7.061711
## iter  20 value 1.073309
## iter  30 value 0.000467
## final  value 0.000066 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 120.866935 
## iter  10 value 85.950877
## iter  20 value 60.671406
## iter  30 value 50.749580
## iter  40 value 43.846120
## final  value 43.846095 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 126.514320 
## iter  10 value 46.451931
## iter  20 value 22.288378
## iter  30 value 21.611509
## iter  40 value 21.142364
## iter  50 value 20.374688
## iter  60 value 19.975509
## iter  70 value 19.860029
## final  value 19.859991 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 113.521981 
## iter  10 value 27.307122
## iter  20 value 19.069629
## iter  30 value 18.496103
## iter  40 value 18.414947
## iter  50 value 18.412091
## iter  60 value 18.411932
## final  value 18.411927 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 119.931364 
## iter  10 value 33.212563
## iter  20 value 6.825543
## iter  30 value 4.153607
## iter  40 value 3.996719
## iter  50 value 3.936301
## iter  60 value 3.900913
## iter  70 value 3.868653
## iter  80 value 3.868193
## iter  90 value 3.864798
## iter 100 value 3.860658
## final  value 3.860658 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 125.980953 
## iter  10 value 3.828376
## iter  20 value 1.757039
## iter  30 value 1.084888
## iter  40 value 0.779504
## iter  50 value 0.534913
## iter  60 value 0.521705
## iter  70 value 0.515783
## iter  80 value 0.504124
## iter  90 value 0.485201
## iter 100 value 0.483827
## final  value 0.483827 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 143.013185 
## iter  10 value 7.195354
## iter  20 value 1.984745
## iter  30 value 0.713672
## iter  40 value 0.552459
## iter  50 value 0.437450
## iter  60 value 0.403627
## iter  70 value 0.363382
## iter  80 value 0.356303
## iter  90 value 0.346628
## iter 100 value 0.337926
## final  value 0.337926 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 119.603843 
## iter  10 value 66.519353
## iter  20 value 48.085237
## iter  30 value 10.691129
## iter  40 value 4.343493
## iter  50 value 3.486657
## iter  60 value 2.937962
## iter  70 value 2.185862
## iter  80 value 1.910157
## iter  90 value 1.802781
## iter 100 value 1.791736
## final  value 1.791736 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 120.493313 
## iter  10 value 14.568437
## iter  20 value 1.413139
## iter  30 value 0.002421
## final  value 0.000049 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 131.990396 
## iter  10 value 3.607345
## iter  20 value 0.869522
## iter  30 value 0.000776
## final  value 0.000079 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 127.213395 
## iter  10 value 58.997762
## iter  20 value 44.424763
## final  value 43.139243 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 117.195869 
## iter  10 value 28.619024
## iter  20 value 19.206476
## iter  30 value 18.621574
## iter  40 value 18.619068
## iter  40 value 18.619068
## iter  40 value 18.619068
## final  value 18.619068 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 165.598734 
## iter  10 value 24.205649
## iter  20 value 17.629535
## iter  30 value 17.222776
## iter  40 value 17.168752
## iter  50 value 17.168464
## iter  60 value 17.168428
## iter  60 value 17.168428
## iter  60 value 17.168428
## final  value 17.168428 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 115.941037 
## iter  10 value 48.705139
## iter  20 value 47.783092
## iter  30 value 43.562064
## iter  40 value 11.101593
## iter  50 value 4.031437
## iter  60 value 3.116711
## iter  70 value 3.019260
## iter  80 value 2.993105
## iter  90 value 2.981303
## iter 100 value 2.969047
## final  value 2.969047 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 132.813339 
## iter  10 value 3.715700
## iter  20 value 1.056815
## iter  30 value 0.558748
## iter  40 value 0.530262
## iter  50 value 0.467614
## iter  60 value 0.445847
## iter  70 value 0.424130
## iter  80 value 0.373259
## iter  90 value 0.354379
## iter 100 value 0.342801
## final  value 0.342801 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 126.886256 
## iter  10 value 3.942342
## iter  20 value 1.736816
## iter  30 value 0.630651
## iter  40 value 0.552680
## iter  50 value 0.489807
## iter  60 value 0.396264
## iter  70 value 0.356221
## iter  80 value 0.340605
## iter  90 value 0.328238
## iter 100 value 0.321359
## final  value 0.321359 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 128.489378 
## iter  10 value 49.909576
## iter  20 value 49.876540
## iter  30 value 47.945970
## iter  40 value 39.847983
## iter  50 value 8.016537
## iter  60 value 4.619364
## iter  70 value 2.386452
## iter  80 value 1.338165
## iter  90 value 1.178344
## iter 100 value 1.100248
## final  value 1.100248 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 141.912242 
## iter  10 value 7.102731
## iter  20 value 0.339738
## final  value 0.000079 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 128.771330 
## iter  10 value 21.354630
## iter  20 value 2.784172
## iter  30 value 0.013786
## iter  40 value 0.000332
## final  value 0.000076 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 120.181179 
## iter  10 value 46.347790
## iter  20 value 43.064428
## iter  30 value 43.054040
## final  value 43.054021 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 126.647230 
## iter  10 value 25.682812
## iter  20 value 20.660342
## iter  30 value 19.500529
## iter  40 value 19.121600
## iter  50 value 19.088454
## iter  60 value 19.083697
## final  value 19.083689 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 132.234904 
## iter  10 value 29.615687
## iter  20 value 19.279132
## iter  30 value 17.877712
## iter  40 value 17.806996
## iter  50 value 17.793960
## iter  60 value 17.793819
## final  value 17.793686 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 121.579687 
## iter  10 value 49.472914
## iter  20 value 48.410085
## iter  30 value 45.340464
## iter  40 value 37.104905
## iter  50 value 8.129202
## iter  60 value 4.703745
## iter  70 value 4.278312
## iter  80 value 3.668066
## iter  90 value 3.605900
## iter 100 value 3.568123
## final  value 3.568123 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 135.360878 
## iter  10 value 10.436945
## iter  20 value 2.222820
## iter  30 value 0.763058
## iter  40 value 0.725440
## iter  50 value 0.677966
## iter  60 value 0.570628
## iter  70 value 0.518380
## iter  80 value 0.502364
## iter  90 value 0.462332
## iter 100 value 0.455880
## final  value 0.455880 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 125.924213 
## iter  10 value 3.865138
## iter  20 value 1.025246
## iter  30 value 0.422681
## iter  40 value 0.379135
## iter  50 value 0.353145
## iter  60 value 0.335865
## iter  70 value 0.319622
## iter  80 value 0.303895
## iter  90 value 0.289299
## iter 100 value 0.271561
## final  value 0.271561 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 114.925820 
## iter  10 value 45.333263
## iter  20 value 21.250608
## iter  30 value 6.082611
## iter  40 value 4.448976
## iter  50 value 3.266614
## iter  60 value 1.880390
## iter  70 value 1.733764
## iter  80 value 1.089267
## iter  90 value 1.045776
## iter 100 value 0.950636
## final  value 0.950636 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 116.607224 
## iter  10 value 6.159810
## iter  20 value 1.197702
## iter  30 value 0.000196
## final  value 0.000057 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 123.125697 
## iter  10 value 4.793414
## iter  20 value 0.073094
## iter  30 value 0.000393
## final  value 0.000088 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 120.471214 
## iter  10 value 45.420303
## iter  20 value 43.694661
## iter  30 value 43.690235
## final  value 43.690202 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 168.714249 
## iter  10 value 28.073376
## iter  20 value 21.126580
## iter  30 value 20.968508
## iter  40 value 20.968134
## final  value 20.968117 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 134.057733 
## iter  10 value 44.240823
## iter  20 value 19.621880
## iter  30 value 18.596469
## iter  40 value 18.220014
## iter  50 value 18.200869
## iter  60 value 18.194706
## final  value 18.194547 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 137.081572 
## iter  10 value 53.546736
## iter  20 value 49.263649
## iter  30 value 49.116099
## iter  40 value 49.041348
## iter  50 value 48.683090
## iter  60 value 48.634845
## iter  70 value 48.489442
## iter  80 value 48.480790
## iter  90 value 48.451846
## iter 100 value 48.179024
## final  value 48.179024 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 143.490043 
## iter  10 value 4.357251
## iter  20 value 1.321252
## iter  30 value 0.645280
## iter  40 value 0.616636
## iter  50 value 0.565996
## iter  60 value 0.521660
## iter  70 value 0.508617
## iter  80 value 0.487870
## iter  90 value 0.483152
## iter 100 value 0.479423
## final  value 0.479423 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 178.832632 
## iter  10 value 8.121158
## iter  20 value 1.422046
## iter  30 value 0.568662
## iter  40 value 0.518952
## iter  50 value 0.434974
## iter  60 value 0.392568
## iter  70 value 0.345835
## iter  80 value 0.285289
## iter  90 value 0.268178
## iter 100 value 0.253675
## final  value 0.253675 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 123.307045 
## iter  10 value 43.672929
## iter  20 value 8.049676
## iter  30 value 3.773651
## iter  40 value 3.173208
## iter  50 value 3.060201
## iter  60 value 2.971167
## iter  70 value 2.563371
## iter  80 value 2.471224
## iter  90 value 2.341221
## iter 100 value 2.320048
## final  value 2.320048 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 129.270569 
## iter  10 value 10.575847
## iter  20 value 2.930770
## iter  30 value 1.689612
## iter  40 value 0.097359
## iter  50 value 0.000123
## iter  50 value 0.000057
## iter  50 value 0.000057
## final  value 0.000057 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 119.634242 
## iter  10 value 6.310691
## iter  20 value 1.591412
## iter  30 value 0.028391
## iter  40 value 0.000902
## final  value 0.000069 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 120.069235 
## iter  10 value 60.195069
## iter  20 value 51.394914
## iter  30 value 43.991436
## final  value 43.991141 
## converged
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 152.809198 
## iter  10 value 25.471737
## iter  20 value 21.511163
## iter  30 value 21.387357
## iter  40 value 21.386800
## final  value 21.386800 
## converged
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 137.024287 
## iter  10 value 22.447246
## iter  20 value 19.002967
## iter  30 value 18.519064
## iter  40 value 18.404215
## iter  50 value 18.397540
## iter  60 value 18.396716
## final  value 18.396607 
## converged
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 121.726735 
## iter  10 value 50.373336
## iter  20 value 50.105529
## iter  30 value 49.998791
## iter  40 value 49.958270
## iter  50 value 49.774790
## iter  60 value 48.541266
## iter  70 value 18.978222
## iter  80 value 6.742676
## iter  90 value 4.056469
## iter 100 value 3.922763
## final  value 3.922763 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  27
## initial  value 146.633351 
## iter  10 value 6.579898
## iter  20 value 0.624311
## iter  30 value 0.562510
## iter  40 value 0.514462
## iter  50 value 0.457198
## iter  60 value 0.403961
## iter  70 value 0.382785
## iter  80 value 0.371306
## iter  90 value 0.358751
## iter 100 value 0.317469
## final  value 0.317469 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  43
## initial  value 127.981900 
## iter  10 value 7.369546
## iter  20 value 0.839917
## iter  30 value 0.675447
## iter  40 value 0.617273
## iter  50 value 0.540482
## iter  60 value 0.477520
## iter  70 value 0.443309
## iter  80 value 0.359346
## iter  90 value 0.308424
## iter 100 value 0.292198
## final  value 0.292198 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  11
## initial  value 133.510869 
## iter  10 value 66.279276
## iter  20 value 49.065891
## iter  30 value 46.607987
## final  value 46.598156 
## converged
resultado_entrenamiento5 <- predict(modelo5, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba5 <- predict(modelo5, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento5, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre5
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         36         0
##   virginica       0          4        40
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9667          
##                  95% CI : (0.9169, 0.9908)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.95            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9000           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9500
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9091
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9524           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3000           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3000           0.3667
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9500           0.9750
mcrp5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba5, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp5
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0          9         0
##   virginica       0          1        10
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9667          
##                  95% CI : (0.8278, 0.9992)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 2.963e-13       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.95            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            0.9000           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.9500
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9091
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            0.9524           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3000           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3000           0.3667
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9500           0.9750

6.Modelo con el Método rf

modelo6 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "rf", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= expand.grid(mtry=c(2,4,6)) #Cambiar
                )
## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range

## Warning in randomForest.default(x, y, mtry = param$mtry, ...): invalid mtry:
## reset to within valid range
resultado_entrenamiento6 <- predict(modelo6, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba6 <- predict(modelo6, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento6, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre6
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         40          0         0
##   versicolor      0         40         0
##   virginica       0          0        40
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                      
##                Accuracy : 1          
##                  95% CI : (0.9697, 1)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333     
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16  
##                                      
##                   Kappa : 1          
##                                      
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA         
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           1.0000
## Specificity                 1.0000            1.0000           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           1.0000
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            1.0000           1.0000
mcrp6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba6, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp6
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##             Reference
## Prediction   setosa versicolor virginica
##   setosa         10          0         0
##   versicolor      0         10         2
##   virginica       0          0         8
## 
## Overall Statistics
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9333          
##                  95% CI : (0.7793, 0.9918)
##     No Information Rate : 0.3333          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : 8.747e-12       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9             
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA              
## 
## Statistics by Class:
## 
##                      Class: setosa Class: versicolor Class: virginica
## Sensitivity                 1.0000            1.0000           0.8000
## Specificity                 1.0000            0.9000           1.0000
## Pos Pred Value              1.0000            0.8333           1.0000
## Neg Pred Value              1.0000            1.0000           0.9091
## Prevalence                  0.3333            0.3333           0.3333
## Detection Rate              0.3333            0.3333           0.2667
## Detection Prevalence        0.3333            0.4000           0.2667
## Balanced Accuracy           1.0000            0.9500           0.9000

Resumen de resultados

resultados <- data.frame(
  "1. svmLinear" = c(mcre1$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp1$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "2. svmRadial" = c(mcre2$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp2$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "3. svmPoly" = c(mcre3$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp3$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "4. rpart" = c(mcre4$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp4$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "5. nnet" = c(mcre5$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp5$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "6. rf" = c (mcre6$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp6$overall["Accuracy"])
)
rownames(resultados) <- c("Precisión de entrenamiento", "Precisión de prueba")
resultados
##                            X1..svmLinear X2..svmRadial X3..svmPoly X4..rpart
## Precisión de entrenamiento     0.9916667     0.9916667   0.9916667 0.9666667
## Precisión de prueba            0.9666667     0.9333333   0.9666667 0.9333333
##                             X5..nnet    X6..rf
## Precisión de entrenamiento 0.9666667 1.0000000
## Precisión de prueba        0.9666667 0.9333333

Conclusiones

El modelo con el método de bosques aleatorios presenta sobreajuste, ya que tiene una alta precisión en entrenamiento pero baja en prueba.

Acorde al resumen de resultados, el mejor modelo es el de Máquina de Vectores de Soporte Lineal.

EJERCICIO “Cáncer de mama”

Crear base de datos

data("BreastCancer")
df <- data.frame(BreastCancer)
#Quitar columna ID'S
df <- df %>% select(-Id)
#QUITAR NA'S
df <- na.omit(df)

Análisis exploratorio

summary(df)
##   Cl.thickness   Cell.size     Cell.shape  Marg.adhesion  Epith.c.size
##  1      :139   1      :373   1      :346   1      :393   2      :376  
##  5      :128   10     : 67   2      : 58   2      : 58   3      : 71  
##  3      :104   3      : 52   10     : 58   3      : 58   4      : 48  
##  4      : 79   2      : 45   3      : 53   10     : 55   1      : 44  
##  10     : 69   4      : 38   4      : 43   4      : 33   6      : 40  
##  2      : 50   5      : 30   5      : 32   8      : 25   5      : 39  
##  (Other):114   (Other): 78   (Other): 93   (Other): 61   (Other): 65  
##   Bare.nuclei   Bl.cromatin  Normal.nucleoli    Mitoses          Class    
##  1      :402   3      :161   1      :432     1      :563   benign   :444  
##  10     :132   2      :160   10     : 60     2      : 35   malignant:239  
##  2      : 30   1      :150   3      : 42     3      : 33                  
##  5      : 30   7      : 71   2      : 36     10     : 14                  
##  3      : 28   4      : 39   8      : 23     4      : 12                  
##  8      : 21   5      : 34   6      : 22     7      :  9                  
##  (Other): 40   (Other): 68   (Other): 68     (Other): 17
str(df)
## 'data.frame':    683 obs. of  10 variables:
##  $ Cl.thickness   : Ord.factor w/ 10 levels "1"<"2"<"3"<"4"<..: 5 5 3 6 4 8 1 2 2 4 ...
##  $ Cell.size      : Ord.factor w/ 10 levels "1"<"2"<"3"<"4"<..: 1 4 1 8 1 10 1 1 1 2 ...
##  $ Cell.shape     : Ord.factor w/ 10 levels "1"<"2"<"3"<"4"<..: 1 4 1 8 1 10 1 2 1 1 ...
##  $ Marg.adhesion  : Ord.factor w/ 10 levels "1"<"2"<"3"<"4"<..: 1 5 1 1 3 8 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ Epith.c.size   : Ord.factor w/ 10 levels "1"<"2"<"3"<"4"<..: 2 7 2 3 2 7 2 2 2 2 ...
##  $ Bare.nuclei    : Factor w/ 10 levels "1","2","3","4",..: 1 10 2 4 1 10 10 1 1 1 ...
##  $ Bl.cromatin    : Factor w/ 10 levels "1","2","3","4",..: 3 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 1 2 ...
##  $ Normal.nucleoli: Factor w/ 10 levels "1","2","3","4",..: 1 2 1 7 1 7 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ Mitoses        : Factor w/ 9 levels "1","2","3","4",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 ...
##  $ Class          : Factor w/ 2 levels "benign","malignant": 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ...
##  - attr(*, "na.action")= 'omit' Named int [1:16] 24 41 140 146 159 165 236 250 276 293 ...
##   ..- attr(*, "names")= chr [1:16] "24" "41" "140" "146" ...
#create_report()
plot_missing(df)

plot_correlation(df)

Cambiar las variables para que sean númericas

df$Cl.thickness <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cl.thickness))
df$Cell.size <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cell.size))
df$Cell.shape <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cell.shape))
df$Marg.adhesion <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Marg.adhesion))
df$Epith.c.size <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Epith.c.size))
df$Bare.nuclei <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Bare.nuclei))
df$Bl.cromatin <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Bl.cromatin))
df$Normal.nucleoli <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Normal.nucleoli))
df$Mitoses <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Mitoses))

Nota: La variable que queremos predecir debe tener formato de FACTOR

Partir datos 80-20

set.seed(123)
renglones_entrenamentoBC <- createDataPartition(df$Class, p=0.8, list=FALSE)
entrenamientoBC <- df[renglones_entrenamentoBC, ]
pruebaBC <- df[-renglones_entrenamentoBC, ]

Distintos tipos de Métodos para Modelar

Los métodos más utilizado para modelaraprendizaje automático son:

  • SSM: Support Vector Machine o Máquina de Vectores de Sporte Hay varios subtipos: Linear (svmLinear), Radial (svmRadial), Polinómico (svmPoly), etc.
  • Árbol de Decisión: rpart
  • Redes Neuronales: nnet
  • Random Forest o Bosques Aleatorios: rf

1.Modelo con el Método svmLinear

modeloBC1 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmLinear", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(C=1) #Cuando es svmLinear
                )

resultado_entrenamientoBC1 <- predict(modeloBC1, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC1 <- predict(modeloBC1, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC1, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre1
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       347         7
##   malignant      9       185
##                                          
##                Accuracy : 0.9708         
##                  95% CI : (0.953, 0.9832)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496         
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16         
##                                          
##                   Kappa : 0.936          
##                                          
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.8026         
##                                          
##             Sensitivity : 0.9747         
##             Specificity : 0.9635         
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9802         
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9536         
##              Prevalence : 0.6496         
##          Detection Rate : 0.6332         
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6460         
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9691         
##                                          
##        'Positive' Class : benign         
## 
mcrp1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC1, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp1
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        87         2
##   malignant      1        45
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9778          
##                  95% CI : (0.9364, 0.9954)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9508          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 1               
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9886          
##             Specificity : 0.9574          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9775          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9783          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6444          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6593          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9730          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

2.Modelo con el Método svmRadial

modeloBC2 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmRadial", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(sigma=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC2 <- predict(modeloBC2, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC2 <- predict(modeloBC2, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC2, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre2
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       354         0
##   malignant      2       192
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9964          
##                  95% CI : (0.9869, 0.9996)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.992           
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.4795          
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9944          
##             Specificity : 1.0000          
##          Pos Pred Value : 1.0000          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9897          
##              Prevalence : 0.6496          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6460          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6460          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9972          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 
mcrp2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC2, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp2
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        82         0
##   malignant      6        47
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9556          
##                  95% CI : (0.9058, 0.9835)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2e-16         
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9049          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.04123         
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9318          
##             Specificity : 1.0000          
##          Pos Pred Value : 1.0000          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.8868          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6074          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6074          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9659          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

3.Modelo con el Método svmPoly

modeloBC3 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmPoly", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(degree=1, scale=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC3 <- predict(modeloBC3, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC3 <- predict(modeloBC3, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC3, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre3
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       347         7
##   malignant      9       185
##                                          
##                Accuracy : 0.9708         
##                  95% CI : (0.953, 0.9832)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496         
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16         
##                                          
##                   Kappa : 0.936          
##                                          
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.8026         
##                                          
##             Sensitivity : 0.9747         
##             Specificity : 0.9635         
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9802         
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9536         
##              Prevalence : 0.6496         
##          Detection Rate : 0.6332         
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6460         
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9691         
##                                          
##        'Positive' Class : benign         
## 
mcrp3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC3, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp3
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        87         2
##   malignant      1        45
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9778          
##                  95% CI : (0.9364, 0.9954)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9508          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 1               
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9886          
##             Specificity : 0.9574          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9775          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9783          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6444          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6593          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9730          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

4.Modelo con el Método rpart

modeloBC4 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "rpart", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneLength=10 #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC4 <- predict(modeloBC4, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC4 <- predict(modeloBC4, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC4, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre4
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       345         9
##   malignant     11       183
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9635          
##                  95% CI : (0.9442, 0.9776)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.92            
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.8231          
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9691          
##             Specificity : 0.9531          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9746          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9433          
##              Prevalence : 0.6496          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6296          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6460          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9611          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 
mcrp4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC4, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp4
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        87         5
##   malignant      1        42
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9556          
##                  95% CI : (0.9058, 0.9835)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9001          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.2207          
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9886          
##             Specificity : 0.8936          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9457          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9767          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6444          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6815          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9411          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

5.Modelo con el Método nnet

modeloBC5 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "nnet", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10) #Cambiar
                )
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 376.512397 
## iter  10 value 43.109567
## iter  20 value 37.816789
## iter  30 value 37.393307
## iter  40 value 37.202710
## iter  50 value 36.691152
## iter  60 value 36.645519
## iter  70 value 36.203034
## iter  80 value 36.068645
## iter  90 value 36.066816
## iter 100 value 35.990862
## final  value 35.990862 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 398.785839 
## iter  10 value 40.921332
## iter  20 value 32.226888
## iter  30 value 28.947400
## iter  40 value 27.690881
## iter  50 value 27.258233
## iter  60 value 27.084473
## iter  70 value 26.862289
## iter  80 value 26.362282
## iter  90 value 25.443885
## iter 100 value 24.871772
## final  value 24.871772 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 392.518725 
## iter  10 value 32.515498
## iter  20 value 12.874502
## iter  30 value 7.985029
## iter  40 value 6.194120
## iter  50 value 5.774182
## iter  60 value 5.718611
## iter  70 value 5.680335
## iter  80 value 5.663894
## iter  90 value 5.652273
## iter 100 value 5.644661
## final  value 5.644661 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 350.285052 
## iter  10 value 63.176600
## iter  20 value 49.960565
## iter  30 value 49.668121
## final  value 49.667643 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 349.498531 
## iter  10 value 115.292299
## iter  20 value 47.167744
## iter  30 value 40.701373
## iter  40 value 39.136713
## iter  50 value 37.993613
## iter  60 value 37.722960
## iter  70 value 37.705185
## iter  80 value 37.705094
## final  value 37.705093 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 385.790168 
## iter  10 value 41.568917
## iter  20 value 37.839293
## iter  30 value 37.366085
## iter  40 value 37.244380
## iter  50 value 37.184247
## iter  60 value 37.148147
## iter  70 value 37.147200
## final  value 37.147103 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 411.197079 
## iter  10 value 126.101033
## iter  20 value 64.916942
## iter  30 value 62.477071
## iter  40 value 62.434341
## iter  50 value 62.420463
## iter  60 value 60.564690
## iter  70 value 43.188354
## iter  80 value 40.597525
## iter  90 value 37.959741
## iter 100 value 37.386914
## final  value 37.386914 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 396.809103 
## iter  10 value 36.803808
## iter  20 value 28.222616
## iter  30 value 24.692421
## iter  40 value 21.283836
## iter  50 value 20.693931
## iter  60 value 20.509633
## iter  70 value 20.285770
## iter  80 value 20.104851
## iter  90 value 20.012950
## iter 100 value 19.939195
## final  value 19.939195 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 470.495322 
## iter  10 value 37.226297
## iter  20 value 28.536698
## iter  30 value 24.831327
## iter  40 value 18.218404
## iter  50 value 16.208980
## iter  60 value 15.441775
## iter  70 value 15.044430
## iter  80 value 14.851409
## iter  90 value 14.766905
## iter 100 value 14.663793
## final  value 14.663793 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 355.459360 
## iter  10 value 52.710948
## iter  20 value 50.543680
## iter  30 value 42.778082
## iter  40 value 42.575005
## iter  50 value 41.896595
## iter  60 value 39.558006
## iter  70 value 39.540621
## iter  80 value 39.527535
## iter  90 value 39.516676
## iter 100 value 39.510296
## final  value 39.510296 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 345.094693 
## iter  10 value 38.864054
## iter  20 value 33.098589
## iter  30 value 28.931958
## iter  40 value 28.548481
## iter  50 value 28.498623
## iter  60 value 28.425274
## iter  70 value 28.379917
## iter  80 value 28.347552
## iter  90 value 28.340689
## iter 100 value 28.338448
## final  value 28.338448 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 318.277821 
## iter  10 value 39.852981
## iter  20 value 20.644864
## iter  30 value 11.484980
## iter  40 value 10.229586
## iter  50 value 9.343021
## iter  60 value 9.253538
## iter  70 value 9.140344
## iter  80 value 3.152197
## iter  90 value 2.548607
## iter 100 value 2.510563
## final  value 2.510563 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 383.439080 
## iter  10 value 68.936910
## iter  20 value 55.011950
## iter  30 value 53.826306
## iter  40 value 53.551184
## final  value 53.550992 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 437.903342 
## iter  10 value 53.347573
## iter  20 value 46.839645
## iter  30 value 42.789234
## iter  40 value 42.318303
## iter  50 value 41.863757
## iter  60 value 41.778420
## iter  70 value 41.771466
## iter  70 value 41.771466
## final  value 41.771466 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 432.922085 
## iter  10 value 58.515744
## iter  20 value 43.453015
## iter  30 value 40.439290
## iter  40 value 40.215683
## iter  50 value 40.108368
## iter  60 value 40.091683
## iter  70 value 40.089514
## final  value 40.089511 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 370.554674 
## iter  10 value 53.682403
## iter  20 value 46.277541
## iter  30 value 43.347649
## iter  40 value 39.935096
## iter  50 value 39.654913
## iter  60 value 39.643184
## iter  70 value 39.640909
## iter  80 value 39.638620
## iter  90 value 39.638417
## iter 100 value 39.638344
## final  value 39.638344 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 371.288609 
## iter  10 value 41.762077
## iter  20 value 36.441925
## iter  30 value 35.026523
## iter  40 value 34.445840
## iter  50 value 31.489351
## iter  60 value 31.411757
## iter  70 value 31.378090
## iter  80 value 31.223502
## iter  90 value 30.318428
## iter 100 value 27.959773
## final  value 27.959773 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 324.078656 
## iter  10 value 35.203759
## iter  20 value 18.713852
## iter  30 value 11.486088
## iter  40 value 11.093492
## iter  50 value 10.415557
## iter  60 value 10.268160
## iter  70 value 10.037759
## iter  80 value 9.978048
## iter  90 value 9.758822
## iter 100 value 9.561419
## final  value 9.561419 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 376.872469 
## iter  10 value 55.754543
## iter  20 value 48.254280
## iter  30 value 45.399366
## iter  40 value 43.383439
## iter  50 value 39.502387
## iter  60 value 39.486663
## iter  70 value 39.485217
## iter  80 value 39.482703
## iter  90 value 39.482220
## iter 100 value 39.479492
## final  value 39.479492 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 461.270341 
## iter  10 value 36.971158
## iter  20 value 29.190367
## iter  30 value 19.680057
## iter  40 value 18.250577
## iter  50 value 18.155907
## iter  60 value 18.103269
## iter  70 value 18.056877
## iter  80 value 17.989942
## iter  90 value 17.793585
## iter 100 value 17.718128
## final  value 17.718128 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 291.158632 
## iter  10 value 32.488217
## iter  20 value 26.334718
## iter  30 value 23.977332
## iter  40 value 18.600272
## iter  50 value 17.936452
## iter  60 value 17.807247
## iter  70 value 17.734333
## iter  80 value 17.560476
## iter  90 value 17.500397
## iter 100 value 17.390077
## final  value 17.390077 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 350.758871 
## iter  10 value 61.913337
## iter  20 value 52.799784
## iter  30 value 52.782791
## final  value 52.782280 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 325.534606 
## iter  10 value 53.573710
## iter  20 value 47.224232
## iter  30 value 45.210505
## iter  40 value 42.197093
## iter  50 value 41.624769
## iter  60 value 41.618364
## iter  70 value 41.576205
## iter  80 value 41.564176
## final  value 41.564175 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 290.753871 
## iter  10 value 82.927340
## iter  20 value 50.542865
## iter  30 value 44.382185
## iter  40 value 42.431680
## iter  50 value 41.058181
## iter  60 value 39.768515
## iter  70 value 38.984534
## iter  80 value 38.964683
## iter  90 value 38.963632
## final  value 38.963626 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 429.336451 
## iter  10 value 47.883049
## iter  20 value 43.499831
## iter  30 value 41.880976
## iter  40 value 39.366043
## iter  50 value 39.341667
## iter  60 value 39.316204
## iter  70 value 39.290956
## iter  80 value 39.284362
## iter  90 value 39.281555
## iter 100 value 39.275839
## final  value 39.275839 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 476.298677 
## iter  10 value 42.819519
## iter  20 value 31.517941
## iter  30 value 27.595750
## iter  40 value 26.682247
## iter  50 value 24.366580
## iter  60 value 23.065664
## iter  70 value 22.701349
## iter  80 value 22.590481
## iter  90 value 22.495564
## iter 100 value 22.349801
## final  value 22.349801 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 378.896960 
## iter  10 value 36.842685
## iter  20 value 18.639488
## iter  30 value 7.801945
## iter  40 value 7.569890
## iter  50 value 7.337884
## iter  60 value 7.167823
## iter  70 value 7.036394
## iter  80 value 6.917578
## iter  90 value 6.759553
## iter 100 value 6.626162
## final  value 6.626162 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 344.820755 
## iter  10 value 55.774708
## iter  20 value 51.813829
## iter  30 value 48.483388
## iter  40 value 48.360408
## iter  50 value 45.090612
## iter  60 value 44.999071
## iter  70 value 44.808114
## iter  80 value 44.788065
## iter  90 value 44.781254
## iter 100 value 44.775761
## final  value 44.775761 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 324.434349 
## iter  10 value 35.073614
## iter  20 value 28.309883
## iter  30 value 24.379088
## iter  40 value 19.858114
## iter  50 value 18.851557
## iter  60 value 18.478818
## iter  70 value 18.354701
## iter  80 value 18.329160
## iter  90 value 18.317284
## iter 100 value 18.315578
## final  value 18.315578 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 301.471018 
## iter  10 value 31.048488
## iter  20 value 26.683856
## iter  30 value 22.148084
## iter  40 value 19.147597
## iter  50 value 17.815825
## iter  60 value 17.614277
## iter  70 value 17.408252
## iter  80 value 17.337243
## iter  90 value 17.136867
## iter 100 value 17.034596
## final  value 17.034596 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 441.591031 
## iter  10 value 52.286962
## iter  20 value 47.424877
## iter  30 value 46.692740
## final  value 46.692073 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 400.902943 
## iter  10 value 38.230663
## iter  20 value 36.476461
## iter  30 value 36.435445
## iter  40 value 36.381102
## iter  50 value 36.366204
## final  value 36.366111 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 354.704046 
## iter  10 value 40.110429
## iter  20 value 35.734147
## iter  30 value 34.752683
## iter  40 value 34.670163
## iter  50 value 34.663302
## final  value 34.662961 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 382.292257 
## iter  10 value 51.368504
## iter  20 value 40.145722
## iter  30 value 36.402339
## iter  40 value 36.363779
## iter  50 value 36.353899
## iter  60 value 36.352843
## iter  70 value 36.351267
## iter  80 value 36.350961
## iter  90 value 36.350758
## iter 100 value 36.350596
## final  value 36.350596 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 384.939391 
## iter  10 value 62.462506
## iter  20 value 26.735137
## iter  30 value 22.711353
## iter  40 value 19.620734
## iter  50 value 18.236719
## iter  60 value 17.387882
## iter  70 value 17.273983
## iter  80 value 16.910083
## iter  90 value 16.867087
## iter 100 value 16.833337
## final  value 16.833337 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 517.139303 
## iter  10 value 208.864116
## iter  20 value 21.380448
## iter  30 value 19.541237
## iter  40 value 18.126321
## iter  50 value 17.710978
## iter  60 value 17.540169
## iter  70 value 17.450041
## iter  80 value 17.277234
## iter  90 value 17.091978
## iter 100 value 16.952427
## final  value 16.952427 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 292.888398 
## iter  10 value 51.333516
## iter  20 value 47.789397
## iter  30 value 42.795220
## iter  40 value 42.495016
## iter  50 value 42.488166
## iter  60 value 42.486191
## iter  70 value 42.482677
## iter  80 value 42.481495
## iter  90 value 42.480611
## iter 100 value 42.479688
## final  value 42.479688 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 370.309048 
## iter  10 value 38.906729
## iter  20 value 33.553344
## iter  30 value 27.802055
## iter  40 value 18.987398
## iter  50 value 17.329191
## iter  60 value 17.253432
## iter  70 value 17.235331
## iter  80 value 17.229974
## iter  90 value 17.216502
## iter 100 value 17.198910
## final  value 17.198910 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 330.962845 
## iter  10 value 41.726571
## iter  20 value 25.590695
## iter  30 value 18.909810
## iter  40 value 15.860228
## iter  50 value 14.256631
## iter  60 value 13.820281
## iter  70 value 13.049490
## iter  80 value 12.975588
## iter  90 value 12.926055
## iter 100 value 12.904974
## final  value 12.904974 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 445.887679 
## iter  10 value 50.646446
## iter  20 value 49.089459
## iter  30 value 48.772241
## iter  30 value 48.772241
## iter  30 value 48.772241
## final  value 48.772241 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 539.285830 
## iter  10 value 72.414357
## iter  20 value 44.581740
## iter  30 value 40.041652
## iter  40 value 39.144273
## iter  50 value 38.875064
## iter  60 value 38.797750
## iter  70 value 38.788990
## iter  80 value 38.780930
## final  value 38.780763 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 300.532220 
## iter  10 value 93.758304
## iter  20 value 46.410806
## iter  30 value 38.930739
## iter  40 value 37.801074
## iter  50 value 37.469783
## iter  60 value 37.373706
## iter  70 value 37.369824
## final  value 37.369791 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 342.181028 
## iter  10 value 40.288158
## iter  20 value 37.523293
## iter  30 value 37.249012
## iter  40 value 37.119649
## iter  50 value 36.475494
## iter  60 value 36.287119
## iter  70 value 35.941428
## iter  80 value 35.813799
## iter  90 value 35.812278
## iter 100 value 35.809003
## final  value 35.809003 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 379.266270 
## iter  10 value 43.021067
## iter  20 value 38.833754
## iter  30 value 35.832750
## iter  40 value 32.652108
## iter  50 value 32.441961
## iter  60 value 32.066898
## iter  70 value 31.783041
## iter  80 value 31.566594
## iter  90 value 31.469011
## iter 100 value 31.424603
## final  value 31.424603 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 369.470832 
## iter  10 value 35.821117
## iter  20 value 15.908660
## iter  30 value 8.328573
## iter  40 value 3.877744
## iter  50 value 1.903260
## iter  60 value 1.023840
## iter  70 value 0.898991
## iter  80 value 0.836879
## iter  90 value 0.751292
## iter 100 value 0.685882
## final  value 0.685882 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 321.325968 
## iter  10 value 41.748205
## iter  20 value 36.690287
## iter  30 value 35.466382
## iter  40 value 34.924324
## iter  50 value 34.879107
## iter  60 value 34.873452
## iter  70 value 34.871806
## iter  80 value 34.870474
## iter  90 value 34.869605
## iter 100 value 34.868966
## final  value 34.868966 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 389.665964 
## iter  10 value 29.388989
## iter  20 value 20.570303
## iter  30 value 11.034016
## iter  40 value 9.374116
## iter  50 value 9.301317
## iter  60 value 9.298310
## final  value 9.298307 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 266.877699 
## iter  10 value 23.487453
## iter  20 value 12.065476
## iter  30 value 9.874584
## iter  40 value 7.267801
## iter  50 value 7.086451
## iter  60 value 7.028914
## iter  70 value 7.005241
## iter  80 value 6.991960
## iter  90 value 6.987269
## iter 100 value 6.982161
## final  value 6.982161 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 320.534221 
## iter  10 value 63.421444
## iter  20 value 45.728887
## iter  30 value 44.538101
## iter  40 value 44.535136
## iter  40 value 44.535136
## iter  40 value 44.535136
## final  value 44.535136 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 407.770635 
## iter  10 value 54.542195
## iter  20 value 34.350959
## iter  30 value 34.057233
## iter  40 value 34.053718
## final  value 34.053086 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 454.249533 
## iter  10 value 70.206337
## iter  20 value 34.001490
## iter  30 value 31.528974
## iter  40 value 31.231718
## iter  50 value 30.920129
## iter  60 value 30.750788
## iter  70 value 30.678612
## iter  80 value 30.673839
## final  value 30.673837 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 400.898661 
## iter  10 value 33.253193
## iter  20 value 32.914174
## iter  30 value 32.889662
## iter  40 value 32.884246
## iter  50 value 32.879964
## iter  60 value 32.874967
## iter  70 value 32.873948
## iter  80 value 32.873462
## iter  90 value 32.873192
## iter 100 value 32.873123
## final  value 32.873123 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 382.556717 
## iter  10 value 36.280934
## iter  20 value 17.930640
## iter  30 value 15.813059
## iter  40 value 13.913675
## iter  50 value 6.643322
## iter  60 value 6.165713
## iter  70 value 6.140107
## iter  80 value 6.128952
## iter  90 value 6.096947
## iter 100 value 6.079607
## final  value 6.079607 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 297.748314 
## iter  10 value 28.861229
## iter  20 value 14.571782
## iter  30 value 9.282334
## iter  40 value 7.902590
## iter  50 value 7.783095
## iter  60 value 7.749937
## iter  70 value 7.659873
## iter  80 value 6.613719
## iter  90 value 6.584836
## iter 100 value 6.571720
## final  value 6.571720 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 339.317539 
## iter  10 value 183.974334
## iter  20 value 53.549126
## iter  30 value 46.256768
## iter  40 value 42.709297
## iter  50 value 42.570728
## iter  60 value 42.551765
## iter  70 value 42.541596
## iter  80 value 42.539767
## iter  90 value 42.538251
## iter 100 value 42.535639
## final  value 42.535639 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 396.418010 
## iter  10 value 42.095411
## iter  20 value 33.884891
## iter  30 value 27.376367
## iter  40 value 25.038883
## iter  50 value 21.657024
## iter  60 value 20.737880
## iter  70 value 17.361819
## iter  80 value 14.592033
## iter  90 value 12.617083
## iter 100 value 12.189366
## final  value 12.189366 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 325.357705 
## iter  10 value 34.777626
## iter  20 value 22.528115
## iter  30 value 15.106759
## iter  40 value 13.386605
## iter  50 value 13.367140
## iter  60 value 13.366071
## final  value 13.366069 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 328.046979 
## iter  10 value 63.438203
## iter  20 value 49.793236
## iter  30 value 49.132896
## final  value 49.110519 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 323.935299 
## iter  10 value 46.209800
## iter  20 value 40.752360
## iter  30 value 39.742886
## iter  40 value 39.518575
## iter  50 value 39.442077
## final  value 39.442069 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 449.071180 
## iter  10 value 81.019611
## iter  20 value 47.380764
## iter  30 value 43.872064
## iter  40 value 41.699791
## iter  50 value 41.065785
## iter  60 value 40.939268
## iter  70 value 40.900264
## iter  80 value 40.896946
## iter  90 value 40.896722
## iter 100 value 40.896104
## final  value 40.896104 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 326.760562 
## iter  10 value 43.955248
## iter  20 value 36.831036
## iter  30 value 33.451374
## iter  40 value 33.386855
## iter  50 value 33.379406
## iter  60 value 33.378513
## iter  70 value 33.377686
## iter  80 value 33.376411
## iter  90 value 33.375892
## iter 100 value 33.375764
## final  value 33.375764 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 428.856325 
## iter  10 value 44.885332
## iter  20 value 28.619876
## iter  30 value 25.215948
## iter  40 value 24.038104
## iter  50 value 23.847601
## iter  60 value 23.800001
## iter  70 value 23.777096
## iter  80 value 23.742404
## iter  90 value 23.683407
## iter 100 value 23.646538
## final  value 23.646538 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 408.831512 
## iter  10 value 35.150293
## iter  20 value 19.962417
## iter  30 value 6.999703
## iter  40 value 6.410355
## iter  50 value 6.254994
## iter  60 value 6.161725
## iter  70 value 6.108996
## iter  80 value 6.081319
## iter  90 value 6.067144
## iter 100 value 6.056036
## final  value 6.056036 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 321.701873 
## iter  10 value 43.680934
## iter  20 value 36.648538
## iter  30 value 36.456665
## iter  40 value 36.332539
## iter  50 value 36.318616
## iter  60 value 36.310392
## iter  70 value 36.306801
## iter  80 value 36.305603
## iter  90 value 36.305059
## final  value 36.304997 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 300.159570 
## iter  10 value 39.055026
## iter  20 value 33.840220
## iter  30 value 30.603859
## iter  40 value 28.952140
## iter  50 value 27.795766
## iter  60 value 26.925566
## iter  70 value 25.607480
## iter  80 value 22.875297
## iter  90 value 21.140866
## iter 100 value 19.660687
## final  value 19.660687 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 282.174286 
## iter  10 value 32.145654
## iter  20 value 18.082127
## iter  30 value 12.459379
## iter  40 value 10.960882
## iter  50 value 10.652498
## iter  60 value 10.601143
## iter  70 value 10.584815
## iter  80 value 10.582475
## iter  90 value 10.574824
## iter 100 value 10.545102
## final  value 10.545102 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 338.491261 
## iter  10 value 57.656398
## iter  20 value 48.425059
## iter  30 value 46.955982
## iter  40 value 46.919184
## iter  40 value 46.919184
## iter  40 value 46.919184
## final  value 46.919184 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 388.872597 
## iter  10 value 64.351406
## iter  20 value 47.266682
## iter  30 value 41.781574
## iter  40 value 38.213982
## iter  50 value 37.343387
## iter  60 value 37.030934
## iter  70 value 36.890786
## iter  80 value 36.846767
## iter  90 value 36.845837
## final  value 36.845835 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 314.139149 
## iter  10 value 39.705645
## iter  20 value 37.016868
## iter  30 value 36.067629
## iter  40 value 35.824429
## iter  50 value 35.783243
## iter  60 value 35.587943
## iter  70 value 34.866619
## iter  80 value 34.810830
## final  value 34.809798 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 317.804136 
## iter  10 value 55.228707
## iter  20 value 42.605093
## iter  30 value 41.648684
## iter  40 value 36.608355
## iter  50 value 36.485480
## iter  60 value 36.471912
## iter  70 value 36.464600
## iter  80 value 36.461373
## iter  90 value 36.458796
## iter 100 value 36.457700
## final  value 36.457700 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 315.846299 
## iter  10 value 38.473415
## iter  20 value 26.848986
## iter  30 value 20.270260
## iter  40 value 18.296945
## iter  50 value 18.100182
## iter  60 value 17.907682
## iter  70 value 17.876446
## iter  80 value 17.846866
## iter  90 value 17.822412
## iter 100 value 17.767413
## final  value 17.767413 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 335.972417 
## iter  10 value 29.936780
## iter  20 value 19.271285
## iter  30 value 13.712456
## iter  40 value 12.629135
## iter  50 value 12.481253
## iter  60 value 12.426979
## iter  70 value 12.145665
## iter  80 value 11.385391
## iter  90 value 11.080061
## iter 100 value 10.601434
## final  value 10.601434 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 373.437219 
## iter  10 value 46.335578
## iter  20 value 44.162371
## iter  30 value 43.714313
## iter  40 value 42.541834
## iter  50 value 42.525357
## final  value 42.525324 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 303.287895 
## iter  10 value 39.238993
## iter  20 value 36.067627
## iter  30 value 32.632827
## iter  40 value 31.610994
## iter  50 value 30.855448
## iter  60 value 30.341468
## iter  70 value 30.135316
## iter  80 value 30.035435
## iter  90 value 29.930592
## iter 100 value 29.770385
## final  value 29.770385 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 297.621298 
## iter  10 value 34.972015
## iter  20 value 18.943944
## iter  30 value 11.586677
## iter  40 value 11.282534
## iter  50 value 11.021814
## iter  60 value 10.410503
## iter  70 value 9.605171
## iter  80 value 9.522675
## iter  90 value 8.214682
## iter 100 value 8.175033
## final  value 8.175033 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 323.345105 
## iter  10 value 58.209433
## iter  20 value 54.315007
## iter  30 value 54.270182
## iter  30 value 54.270182
## iter  30 value 54.270182
## final  value 54.270182 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 422.076971 
## iter  10 value 46.170339
## iter  20 value 42.350684
## iter  30 value 41.441216
## iter  40 value 41.012147
## iter  50 value 40.896813
## iter  60 value 40.881822
## iter  70 value 40.881225
## iter  80 value 40.875106
## final  value 40.874913 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 306.668049 
## iter  10 value 60.690236
## iter  20 value 46.284930
## iter  30 value 42.735875
## iter  40 value 41.007019
## iter  50 value 40.491250
## iter  60 value 39.621355
## iter  70 value 39.060881
## iter  80 value 39.033623
## iter  90 value 39.032187
## final  value 39.032074 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 302.761041 
## iter  10 value 83.560537
## iter  20 value 62.563210
## iter  30 value 49.839441
## iter  40 value 46.705630
## iter  50 value 46.581315
## iter  60 value 46.530917
## iter  70 value 46.373652
## iter  80 value 44.651749
## iter  90 value 43.965901
## iter 100 value 43.729956
## final  value 43.729956 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 357.720110 
## iter  10 value 48.561801
## iter  20 value 42.404880
## iter  30 value 41.543935
## iter  40 value 39.408957
## iter  50 value 35.645368
## iter  60 value 35.145612
## iter  70 value 35.068424
## iter  80 value 34.979160
## iter  90 value 34.924724
## iter 100 value 33.507282
## final  value 33.507282 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 401.677397 
## iter  10 value 35.902627
## iter  20 value 23.675744
## iter  30 value 11.245062
## iter  40 value 10.976112
## iter  50 value 10.822860
## iter  60 value 9.424841
## iter  70 value 8.921258
## iter  80 value 8.775222
## iter  90 value 8.483119
## iter 100 value 7.500117
## final  value 7.500117 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 341.489758 
## iter  10 value 48.563817
## iter  20 value 39.788874
## iter  30 value 39.579703
## iter  40 value 39.551215
## iter  50 value 39.529592
## iter  60 value 39.507280
## iter  70 value 39.499314
## iter  80 value 39.496387
## iter  90 value 39.486742
## iter 100 value 39.483188
## final  value 39.483188 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 330.979350 
## iter  10 value 33.960451
## iter  20 value 22.919974
## iter  30 value 18.884964
## iter  40 value 18.551028
## iter  50 value 18.550439
## final  value 18.550299 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 366.530519 
## iter  10 value 31.983994
## iter  20 value 19.072783
## iter  30 value 12.356932
## iter  40 value 12.069920
## iter  50 value 11.858794
## iter  60 value 11.801794
## iter  70 value 11.561430
## iter  80 value 11.512375
## iter  90 value 11.508395
## iter 100 value 11.504982
## final  value 11.504982 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 360.748343 
## iter  10 value 83.858557
## iter  20 value 57.325467
## iter  30 value 50.454849
## iter  40 value 48.691569
## final  value 48.690256 
## converged
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 421.251608 
## iter  10 value 79.608387
## iter  20 value 41.007630
## iter  30 value 38.956423
## iter  40 value 37.784770
## iter  50 value 37.553882
## iter  60 value 36.905560
## iter  70 value 36.859086
## final  value 36.859032 
## converged
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 303.982587 
## iter  10 value 43.509859
## iter  20 value 37.730531
## iter  30 value 36.815942
## iter  40 value 36.664768
## iter  50 value 36.515796
## iter  60 value 36.370700
## iter  70 value 36.303726
## iter  80 value 36.296592
## final  value 36.296559 
## converged
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 328.637795 
## iter  10 value 47.299042
## iter  20 value 39.924365
## iter  30 value 39.651773
## iter  40 value 39.632332
## iter  50 value 39.622021
## iter  60 value 39.619574
## iter  70 value 39.618946
## iter  80 value 39.617697
## iter  90 value 39.616645
## iter 100 value 39.616475
## final  value 39.616475 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  34
## initial  value 420.846713 
## iter  10 value 41.417072
## iter  20 value 33.677250
## iter  30 value 29.984111
## iter  40 value 29.832642
## iter  50 value 29.811944
## iter  60 value 29.799675
## iter  70 value 29.786340
## iter  80 value 29.779071
## iter  90 value 29.773013
## iter 100 value 29.756576
## final  value 29.756576 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  56
## initial  value 305.656107 
## iter  10 value 33.063694
## iter  20 value 28.876505
## iter  30 value 24.388957
## iter  40 value 20.162492
## iter  50 value 19.530642
## iter  60 value 19.093866
## iter  70 value 18.709888
## iter  80 value 18.638073
## iter  90 value 18.591180
## iter 100 value 18.416488
## final  value 18.416488 
## stopped after 100 iterations
## # weights:  12
## initial  value 362.923629 
## iter  10 value 45.663543
## iter  20 value 44.513763
## iter  30 value 43.151358
## iter  40 value 41.514797
## iter  50 value 39.813640
## iter  60 value 39.808652
## iter  70 value 39.808294
## final  value 39.808266 
## converged
resultado_entrenamientoBC5 <- predict(modeloBC5, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC5 <- predict(modeloBC5, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC5, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre5
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       346         0
##   malignant     10       192
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9818          
##                  95% CI : (0.9667, 0.9912)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16       
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9604          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.004427        
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9719          
##             Specificity : 1.0000          
##          Pos Pred Value : 1.0000          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9505          
##              Prevalence : 0.6496          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6314          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6314          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9860          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 
mcrp5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC5, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp5
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        85         1
##   malignant      3        46
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9704          
##                  95% CI : (0.9259, 0.9919)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9354          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.6171          
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9659          
##             Specificity : 0.9787          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9884          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9388          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6296          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6370          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9723          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

6.Modelo con el Método rf

modeloBC6 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "rf", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= expand.grid(mtry=c(2,4,6)) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC6 <- predict(modeloBC6, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC6 <- predict(modeloBC6, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC6, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre6
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign       356         0
##   malignant      0       192
##                                      
##                Accuracy : 1          
##                  95% CI : (0.9933, 1)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6496     
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : < 2.2e-16  
##                                      
##                   Kappa : 1          
##                                      
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA         
##                                      
##             Sensitivity : 1.0000     
##             Specificity : 1.0000     
##          Pos Pred Value : 1.0000     
##          Neg Pred Value : 1.0000     
##              Prevalence : 0.6496     
##          Detection Rate : 0.6496     
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6496     
##       Balanced Accuracy : 1.0000     
##                                      
##        'Positive' Class : benign     
## 
mcrp6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC6, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp6
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##            Reference
## Prediction  benign malignant
##   benign        85         1
##   malignant      3        46
##                                           
##                Accuracy : 0.9704          
##                  95% CI : (0.9259, 0.9919)
##     No Information Rate : 0.6519          
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : <2e-16          
##                                           
##                   Kappa : 0.9354          
##                                           
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : 0.6171          
##                                           
##             Sensitivity : 0.9659          
##             Specificity : 0.9787          
##          Pos Pred Value : 0.9884          
##          Neg Pred Value : 0.9388          
##              Prevalence : 0.6519          
##          Detection Rate : 0.6296          
##    Detection Prevalence : 0.6370          
##       Balanced Accuracy : 0.9723          
##                                           
##        'Positive' Class : benign          
## 

Resumen de resultados

resultados <- data.frame(
  "1. svmLinear" = c(mcre1$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp1$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "2. svmRadial" = c(mcre2$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp2$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "3. svmPoly" = c(mcre3$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp3$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "4. rpart" = c(mcre4$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp4$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "5. nnet" = c(mcre5$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp5$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "6. rf" = c (mcre6$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp6$overall["Accuracy"])
)
rownames(resultados) <- c("Precisión de entrenamiento", "Precisión de prueba")
resultados
##                            X1..svmLinear X2..svmRadial X3..svmPoly X4..rpart
## Precisión de entrenamiento     0.9708029     0.9963504   0.9708029 0.9635036
## Precisión de prueba            0.9777778     0.9555556   0.9777778 0.9555556
##                             X5..nnet    X6..rf
## Precisión de entrenamiento 0.9817518 1.0000000
## Precisión de prueba        0.9703704 0.9703704

Conclusiones

El modelo con el método de bosques aleatorios presenta sobreajuste, ya que tiene una alta precisión en entrenamiento pero baja en prueba.

Acorde al resumen de resultados, el mejor modelo es el de Máquina de Vectores de Soporte Lineal.

---
title: 'Machine Learning: Función CARET'
author: "Diego Perez a01275561"
date: "2/28/2024"
output: 
  html_document:
    toc: true
    toc_float: true
    code_download: true 
---

![](C:\\Users\\Diego Pérez\\Downloads\\iris.png)

# Teoría
El paquete *CARET (Clasification And REgression Training)* es un paquete integral con una amplia variedad de algoritmos para el aprendizaje automático.

# Instalar paquetes y llamar librerías
```{r}
#install.packages("ggplot2") #Gráficas con mejor diseño
library(ggplot2)
#install.packages("lattice") #Crear gráficos
library(lattice)
#install.packages("caret") #Algoritmos de aprendizaje automático
library(caret)
#install.packages("datasets") #Usar la base de datos IRIS
library(datasets)
#install.packages("mlbench")
library(mlbench)
#install.packages("dplyr")
library(dplyr)
#install.packages("DataExplorer")
library(DataExplorer)
```

## Crear base de datos
```{r}
df <- data.frame(iris)
```

## Análisis exploratorio
```{r}
summary(df)
```

```{r}
str(df)
#create_report()
```

```{r}
plot_missing(df)
```

```{r}
plot_histogram(df)
```

```{r}
plot_correlation(df)
```

**Nota: La variable que queremos predecir debe tener formato de FACTOR**

## Partir datos 80-20
```{r}
set.seed(123)
renglones_entrenamento <- createDataPartition(df$Species, p=0.8, list=FALSE)
entrenamiento <- iris[renglones_entrenamento, ]
prueba <- iris[-renglones_entrenamento, ]
```

## Distintos tipos de Métodos para Modelar
Los métodos más utilizado para modelaraprendizaje automático son:  

* **SSM**: *Support Vector Machine* o Máquina de Vectores de Sporte Hay varios subtipos: Linear (svmLinear), Radial (svmRadial), Polinómico (svmPoly), etc.  
* **Árbol de Decisión**: rpart  
* **Redes Neuronales**: nnet
* **Random Forest** o Bosques Aleatorios: rf 

### 1.Modelo con el Método svmLinear
```{r}
modelo1 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmLinear", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(C=1) #Cuando es svmLinear
                )

resultado_entrenamiento1 <- predict(modelo1, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba1 <- predict(modelo1, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento1, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre1
mcrp1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba1, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp1
```

### 2.Modelo con el Método svmRadial
```{r}
modelo2 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmRadial", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(sigma=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento2 <- predict(modelo2, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba2 <- predict(modelo2, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento2, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre2
mcrp2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba2, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp2
```

### 3.Modelo con el Método svmPoly
```{r}
modelo3 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "svmPoly", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(degree=1, scale=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento3 <- predict(modelo3, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba3 <- predict(modelo3, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento3, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre3
mcrp3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba3, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp3
```

### 4.Modelo con el Método rpart
```{r}
modelo4 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "rpart", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneLength=10 #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento4 <- predict(modelo4, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba4 <- predict(modelo4, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento4, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre4
mcrp4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba4, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp4
```

### 5.Modelo con el Método nnet
```{r}
modelo5 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "nnet", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento5 <- predict(modelo5, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba5 <- predict(modelo5, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento5, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre5
mcrp5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba5, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp5
```

### 6.Modelo con el Método rf
```{r}
modelo6 <- train(Species ~ ., data=entrenamiento, method= "rf", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= expand.grid(mtry=c(2,4,6)) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamiento6 <- predict(modelo6, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba6 <- predict(modelo6, prueba)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento6, entrenamiento$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre6
mcrp6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba6, prueba$Species) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp6
```

## Resumen de resultados
```{r}
resultados <- data.frame(
  "1. svmLinear" = c(mcre1$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp1$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "2. svmRadial" = c(mcre2$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp2$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "3. svmPoly" = c(mcre3$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp3$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "4. rpart" = c(mcre4$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp4$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "5. nnet" = c(mcre5$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp5$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "6. rf" = c (mcre6$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp6$overall["Accuracy"])
)
rownames(resultados) <- c("Precisión de entrenamiento", "Precisión de prueba")
resultados
```

## Conclusiones
El modelo con el método de bosques aleatorios presenta sobreajuste, ya que tiene una alta precisión en entrenamiento pero baja en prueba.  

Acorde al resumen de resultados, el mejor modelo es el de **Máquina de Vectores de Soporte Lineal**.

# EJERCICIO "Cáncer de mama"

## Crear base de datos
```{r}
data("BreastCancer")
df <- data.frame(BreastCancer)
#Quitar columna ID'S
df <- df %>% select(-Id)
#QUITAR NA'S
df <- na.omit(df)
```

## Análisis exploratorio
```{r}
summary(df)
str(df)
#create_report()
```

```{r}
plot_missing(df)
```

```{r}
plot_correlation(df)
```


## Cambiar las variables para que sean númericas
```{r}
df$Cl.thickness <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cl.thickness))
df$Cell.size <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cell.size))
df$Cell.shape <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Cell.shape))
df$Marg.adhesion <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Marg.adhesion))
df$Epith.c.size <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Epith.c.size))
df$Bare.nuclei <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Bare.nuclei))
df$Bl.cromatin <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Bl.cromatin))
df$Normal.nucleoli <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Normal.nucleoli))
df$Mitoses <- as.numeric(as.character(df$Mitoses))
```


**Nota: La variable que queremos predecir debe tener formato de FACTOR**

## Partir datos 80-20
```{r}
set.seed(123)
renglones_entrenamentoBC <- createDataPartition(df$Class, p=0.8, list=FALSE)
entrenamientoBC <- df[renglones_entrenamentoBC, ]
pruebaBC <- df[-renglones_entrenamentoBC, ]
```

## Distintos tipos de Métodos para Modelar
Los métodos más utilizado para modelaraprendizaje automático son:  

* **SSM**: *Support Vector Machine* o Máquina de Vectores de Sporte Hay varios subtipos: Linear (svmLinear), Radial (svmRadial), Polinómico (svmPoly), etc.  
* **Árbol de Decisión**: rpart  
* **Redes Neuronales**: nnet
* **Random Forest** o Bosques Aleatorios: rf 

### 1.Modelo con el Método svmLinear
```{r}
modeloBC1 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmLinear", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(C=1) #Cuando es svmLinear
                )

resultado_entrenamientoBC1 <- predict(modeloBC1, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC1 <- predict(modeloBC1, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC1, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre1
mcrp1 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC1, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp1
```

### 2.Modelo con el Método svmRadial
```{r}
modeloBC2 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmRadial", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(sigma=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC2 <- predict(modeloBC2, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC2 <- predict(modeloBC2, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC2, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre2
mcrp2 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC2, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp2
```

### 3.Modelo con el Método svmPoly
```{r}
modeloBC3 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "svmPoly", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= data.frame(degree=1, scale=1, C=1) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC3 <- predict(modeloBC3, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC3 <- predict(modeloBC3, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC3, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre3
mcrp3 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC3, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp3
```

### 4.Modelo con el Método rpart
```{r}
modeloBC4 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "rpart", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneLength=10 #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC4 <- predict(modeloBC4, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC4 <- predict(modeloBC4, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC4, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre4
mcrp4 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC4, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp4
```

### 5.Modelo con el Método nnet
```{r}
modeloBC5 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "nnet", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC5 <- predict(modeloBC5, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC5 <- predict(modeloBC5, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC5, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre5
mcrp5 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC5, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp5
```

### 6.Modelo con el Método rf
```{r}
modeloBC6 <- train(Class ~ ., data=entrenamientoBC, method= "rf", preProcess=c("scale", "center"), trControl = trainControl(method = "cv", number=10), tuneGrid= expand.grid(mtry=c(2,4,6)) #Cambiar
                )
 
resultado_entrenamientoBC6 <- predict(modeloBC6, entrenamientoBC)
resultado_pruebaBC6 <- predict(modeloBC6, pruebaBC)

#Matriz de Confusión
mcre6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamientoBC6, entrenamientoBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado del entrenamiento
mcre6
mcrp6 <- confusionMatrix(resultado_pruebaBC6, pruebaBC$Class) #matriz de confusión del resultado de la prueba
mcrp6
```

## Resumen de resultados
```{r}
resultados <- data.frame(
  "1. svmLinear" = c(mcre1$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp1$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "2. svmRadial" = c(mcre2$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp2$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "3. svmPoly" = c(mcre3$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp3$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "4. rpart" = c(mcre4$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp4$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "5. nnet" = c(mcre5$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp5$overall["Accuracy"]),
  "6. rf" = c (mcre6$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp6$overall["Accuracy"])
)
rownames(resultados) <- c("Precisión de entrenamiento", "Precisión de prueba")
resultados
```

## Conclusiones
El modelo con el método de bosques aleatorios presenta sobreajuste, ya que tiene una alta precisión en entrenamiento pero baja en prueba.  

Acorde al resumen de resultados, el mejor modelo es el de **Máquina de Vectores de Soporte Lineal**.