Import data

# excel file
Coaster <-  read_excel("../00_data/MyData.xlsx")
data
## function (..., list = character(), package = NULL, lib.loc = NULL, 
##     verbose = getOption("verbose"), envir = .GlobalEnv, overwrite = TRUE) 
## {
##     fileExt <- function(x) {
##         db <- grepl("\\.[^.]+\\.(gz|bz2|xz)$", x)
##         ans <- sub(".*\\.", "", x)
##         ans[db] <- sub(".*\\.([^.]+\\.)(gz|bz2|xz)$", "\\1\\2", 
##             x[db])
##         ans
##     }
##     my_read_table <- function(...) {
##         lcc <- Sys.getlocale("LC_COLLATE")
##         on.exit(Sys.setlocale("LC_COLLATE", lcc))
##         Sys.setlocale("LC_COLLATE", "C")
##         read.table(...)
##     }
##     stopifnot(is.character(list))
##     names <- c(as.character(substitute(list(...))[-1L]), list)
##     if (!is.null(package)) {
##         if (!is.character(package)) 
##             stop("'package' must be a character vector or NULL")
##     }
##     paths <- find.package(package, lib.loc, verbose = verbose)
##     if (is.null(lib.loc)) 
##         paths <- c(path.package(package, TRUE), if (!length(package)) getwd(), 
##             paths)
##     paths <- unique(normalizePath(paths[file.exists(paths)]))
##     paths <- paths[dir.exists(file.path(paths, "data"))]
##     dataExts <- tools:::.make_file_exts("data")
##     if (length(names) == 0L) {
##         db <- matrix(character(), nrow = 0L, ncol = 4L)
##         for (path in paths) {
##             entries <- NULL
##             packageName <- if (file_test("-f", file.path(path, 
##                 "DESCRIPTION"))) 
##                 basename(path)
##             else "."
##             if (file_test("-f", INDEX <- file.path(path, "Meta", 
##                 "data.rds"))) {
##                 entries <- readRDS(INDEX)
##             }
##             else {
##                 dataDir <- file.path(path, "data")
##                 entries <- tools::list_files_with_type(dataDir, 
##                   "data")
##                 if (length(entries)) {
##                   entries <- unique(tools::file_path_sans_ext(basename(entries)))
##                   entries <- cbind(entries, "")
##                 }
##             }
##             if (NROW(entries)) {
##                 if (is.matrix(entries) && ncol(entries) == 2L) 
##                   db <- rbind(db, cbind(packageName, dirname(path), 
##                     entries))
##                 else warning(gettextf("data index for package %s is invalid and will be ignored", 
##                   sQuote(packageName)), domain = NA, call. = FALSE)
##             }
##         }
##         colnames(db) <- c("Package", "LibPath", "Item", "Title")
##         footer <- if (missing(package)) 
##             paste0("Use ", sQuote(paste("data(package =", ".packages(all.available = TRUE))")), 
##                 "\n", "to list the data sets in all *available* packages.")
##         else NULL
##         y <- list(title = "Data sets", header = NULL, results = db, 
##             footer = footer)
##         class(y) <- "packageIQR"
##         return(y)
##     }
##     paths <- file.path(paths, "data")
##     for (name in names) {
##         found <- FALSE
##         for (p in paths) {
##             tmp_env <- if (overwrite) 
##                 envir
##             else new.env()
##             if (file_test("-f", file.path(p, "Rdata.rds"))) {
##                 rds <- readRDS(file.path(p, "Rdata.rds"))
##                 if (name %in% names(rds)) {
##                   found <- TRUE
##                   if (verbose) 
##                     message(sprintf("name=%s:\t found in Rdata.rds", 
##                       name), domain = NA)
##                   thispkg <- sub(".*/([^/]*)/data$", "\\1", p)
##                   thispkg <- sub("_.*$", "", thispkg)
##                   thispkg <- paste0("package:", thispkg)
##                   objs <- rds[[name]]
##                   lazyLoad(file.path(p, "Rdata"), envir = tmp_env, 
##                     filter = function(x) x %in% objs)
##                   break
##                 }
##                 else if (verbose) 
##                   message(sprintf("name=%s:\t NOT found in names() of Rdata.rds, i.e.,\n\t%s\n", 
##                     name, paste(names(rds), collapse = ",")), 
##                     domain = NA)
##             }
##             if (file_test("-f", file.path(p, "Rdata.zip"))) {
##                 warning("zipped data found for package ", sQuote(basename(dirname(p))), 
##                   ".\nThat is defunct, so please re-install the package.", 
##                   domain = NA)
##                 if (file_test("-f", fp <- file.path(p, "filelist"))) 
##                   files <- file.path(p, scan(fp, what = "", quiet = TRUE))
##                 else {
##                   warning(gettextf("file 'filelist' is missing for directory %s", 
##                     sQuote(p)), domain = NA)
##                   next
##                 }
##             }
##             else {
##                 files <- list.files(p, full.names = TRUE)
##             }
##             files <- files[grep(name, files, fixed = TRUE)]
##             if (length(files) > 1L) {
##                 o <- match(fileExt(files), dataExts, nomatch = 100L)
##                 paths0 <- dirname(files)
##                 paths0 <- factor(paths0, levels = unique(paths0))
##                 files <- files[order(paths0, o)]
##             }
##             if (length(files)) {
##                 for (file in files) {
##                   if (verbose) 
##                     message("name=", name, ":\t file= ...", .Platform$file.sep, 
##                       basename(file), "::\t", appendLF = FALSE, 
##                       domain = NA)
##                   ext <- fileExt(file)
##                   if (basename(file) != paste0(name, ".", ext)) 
##                     found <- FALSE
##                   else {
##                     found <- TRUE
##                     zfile <- file
##                     zipname <- file.path(dirname(file), "Rdata.zip")
##                     if (file.exists(zipname)) {
##                       Rdatadir <- tempfile("Rdata")
##                       dir.create(Rdatadir, showWarnings = FALSE)
##                       topic <- basename(file)
##                       rc <- .External(C_unzip, zipname, topic, 
##                         Rdatadir, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE)
##                       if (rc == 0L) 
##                         zfile <- file.path(Rdatadir, topic)
##                     }
##                     if (zfile != file) 
##                       on.exit(unlink(zfile))
##                     switch(ext, R = , r = {
##                       library("utils")
##                       sys.source(zfile, chdir = TRUE, envir = tmp_env)
##                     }, RData = , rdata = , rda = load(zfile, 
##                       envir = tmp_env), TXT = , txt = , tab = , 
##                       tab.gz = , tab.bz2 = , tab.xz = , txt.gz = , 
##                       txt.bz2 = , txt.xz = assign(name, my_read_table(zfile, 
##                         header = TRUE, as.is = FALSE), envir = tmp_env), 
##                       CSV = , csv = , csv.gz = , csv.bz2 = , 
##                       csv.xz = assign(name, my_read_table(zfile, 
##                         header = TRUE, sep = ";", as.is = FALSE), 
##                         envir = tmp_env), found <- FALSE)
##                   }
##                   if (found) 
##                     break
##                 }
##                 if (verbose) 
##                   message(if (!found) 
##                     "*NOT* ", "found", domain = NA)
##             }
##             if (found) 
##                 break
##         }
##         if (!found) {
##             warning(gettextf("data set %s not found", sQuote(name)), 
##                 domain = NA)
##         }
##         else if (!overwrite) {
##             for (o in ls(envir = tmp_env, all.names = TRUE)) {
##                 if (exists(o, envir = envir, inherits = FALSE)) 
##                   warning(gettextf("an object named %s already exists and will not be overwritten", 
##                     sQuote(o)))
##                 else assign(o, get(o, envir = tmp_env, inherits = FALSE), 
##                   envir = envir)
##             }
##             rm(tmp_env)
##         }
##     }
##     invisible(names)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000001ab21e9bd28>
## <environment: namespace:utils>

Apply the following dplyr verbs to your data

Filter rows

filter(Coaster,acc_state == "NH", gender == "F") 
## # A tibble: 102 × 23
##     acc_id acc_date            acc_state acc_city   fix_port source     bus_type
##      <dbl> <dttm>              <chr>     <chr>      <chr>    <chr>      <chr>   
##  1 1001560 2011-01-09 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
##  2 1001509 2011-02-17 00:00:00 NH        Nashua     F        New Hamps… Family …
##  3 1001608 2011-07-01 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
##  4 1001532 2011-07-10 00:00:00 NH        Portsmouth F        New Hamps… Water p…
##  5 1001520 2011-07-12 00:00:00 NH        Glen       F        New Hamps… Amuseme…
##  6 1001530 2011-07-16 00:00:00 NH        Portsmouth F        New Hamps… Water p…
##  7 1001566 2011-07-18 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
##  8 1001616 2011-07-20 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
##  9 1001567 2011-07-27 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
## 10 1001568 2011-08-04 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett   F        New Hamps… Mountai…
## # ℹ 92 more rows
## # ℹ 16 more variables: industry_sector <chr>, device_category <chr>,
## #   device_type <chr>, tradename_or_generic <chr>, manufacturer <chr>,
## #   num_injured <dbl>, age_youngest <dbl>, gender <chr>, acc_desc <chr>,
## #   injury_desc <chr>, report <chr>, category <chr>, mechanical <dbl>,
## #   op_error <dbl>, employee <dbl>, notes <chr>
filter(Coaster,acc_state == "NH", gender == "M")
## # A tibble: 101 × 23
##     acc_id acc_date            acc_state acc_city     fix_port source   bus_type
##      <dbl> <dttm>              <chr>     <chr>        <chr>    <chr>    <chr>   
##  1 1001656 2011-06-09 00:00:00 NH        Salem        F        New Ham… Amuseme…
##  2 1001564 2011-06-13 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  3 1001562 2011-07-07 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  4 1001561 2011-07-11 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  5 1001565 2011-07-12 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  6 1001659 2011-07-17 00:00:00 NH        Hampton      F        New Ham… Pool wa…
##  7 1001591 2011-07-24 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  8 1001663 2011-08-01 00:00:00 NH        North Conway F        New Ham… Mountai…
##  9 1001592 2011-08-08 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
## 10 1001569 2011-08-09 00:00:00 NH        Bartlett     F        New Ham… Mountai…
## # ℹ 91 more rows
## # ℹ 16 more variables: industry_sector <chr>, device_category <chr>,
## #   device_type <chr>, tradename_or_generic <chr>, manufacturer <chr>,
## #   num_injured <dbl>, age_youngest <dbl>, gender <chr>, acc_desc <chr>,
## #   injury_desc <chr>, report <chr>, category <chr>, mechanical <dbl>,
## #   op_error <dbl>, employee <dbl>, notes <chr>

Arrange rows

arrange(Coaster, desc(acc_date))
## # A tibble: 8,351 × 23
##     acc_id acc_date            acc_state acc_city      fix_port source  bus_type
##      <dbl> <dttm>              <chr>     <chr>         <chr>    <chr>   <chr>   
##  1 1009800 2017-07-26 00:00:00 OH        Columbus      P        United… Carniva…
##  2 1001736 2017-06-30 00:00:00 OH        Sandusky      F        Ohio D… Amuseme…
##  3 1005814 2017-06-07 00:00:00 PA        Stroudsburg   F        Media … Go kart…
##  4 1004577 2017-05-18 00:00:00 WA        Port Townsend P        Washin… Carniva…
##  5 1002532 2017-03-31 00:00:00 TN        Pigeon Forge  F        Tennes… Trampol…
##  6 1000054 2017-03-16 00:00:00 AZ        Chandler      F        Arizon… Trampol…
##  7 1002531 2017-03-11 00:00:00 TN        Sevierville   F        Tennes… Trampol…
##  8 1000074 2017-02-14 00:00:00 AZ        Glendale      F        Arizon… Trampol…
##  9 1002530 2017-02-11 00:00:00 TN        Sevierville   F        Tennes… Trampol…
## 10 1002529 2017-02-05 00:00:00 TN        Sevierville   F        Tennes… Trampol…
## # ℹ 8,341 more rows
## # ℹ 16 more variables: industry_sector <chr>, device_category <chr>,
## #   device_type <chr>, tradename_or_generic <chr>, manufacturer <chr>,
## #   num_injured <dbl>, age_youngest <dbl>, gender <chr>, acc_desc <chr>,
## #   injury_desc <chr>, report <chr>, category <chr>, mechanical <dbl>,
## #   op_error <dbl>, employee <dbl>, notes <chr>

Select columns

select(Coaster, acc_date, acc_state, gender, age_youngest)
## # A tibble: 8,351 × 4
##    acc_date            acc_state gender age_youngest
##    <dttm>              <chr>     <chr>         <dbl>
##  1 2010-06-12 00:00:00 OH        <NA>             NA
##  2 2010-06-12 00:00:00 OH        M                54
##  3 2010-07-10 00:00:00 CA        F                37
##  4 2010-07-10 00:00:00 CA        F                37
##  5 2010-07-29 00:00:00 CO        M                NA
##  6 2010-07-30 00:00:00 WI        F                12
##  7 2010-08-05 00:00:00 WI        F                16
##  8 2010-08-11 00:00:00 CO        <NA>             NA
##  9 2010-08-15 00:00:00 WI        M                14
## 10 2010-09-05 00:00:00 ME        <NA>             NA
## # ℹ 8,341 more rows

Add columns

# difference in age of youngest injured vs the average age of injured

mutate( Coaster, age_above_avg = age_youngest - 24.6) %>%
    select(acc_date,age_youngest, age_above_avg)
## # A tibble: 8,351 × 3
##    acc_date            age_youngest age_above_avg
##    <dttm>                     <dbl>         <dbl>
##  1 2010-06-12 00:00:00           NA          NA  
##  2 2010-06-12 00:00:00           54          29.4
##  3 2010-07-10 00:00:00           37          12.4
##  4 2010-07-10 00:00:00           37          12.4
##  5 2010-07-29 00:00:00           NA          NA  
##  6 2010-07-30 00:00:00           12         -12.6
##  7 2010-08-05 00:00:00           16          -8.6
##  8 2010-08-11 00:00:00           NA          NA  
##  9 2010-08-15 00:00:00           14         -10.6
## 10 2010-09-05 00:00:00           NA          NA  
## # ℹ 8,341 more rows
# got 24.6 from the next section summarise

Summarize by groups

# Average age of people injured

summarise(Coaster, avg_age = mean(age_youngest, na.rm = TRUE))
## # A tibble: 1 × 1
##   avg_age
##     <dbl>
## 1    24.6