Teoría

La librería Data Explorer es la más conocida para el análisis exploratorio. Es muy simple de usar y muy poderosa, pues ofrece como salida un informe con mucha información.

La función para crear el informe es create_report, y para ver cada gráfica de forma individual, las funciones son:

  • ⁠introduce()
  • ⁠plot_intro()
  • ⁠plot_boxplot()
  • ⁠plot_missing()
  • ⁠plot_histogram()
  • ⁠plot_bar()
  • ⁠plot_correlation()

Instalar paquetes y llamar

librerías

#install.packages("DataExplorer")
library(DataExplorer)

#install.packages("nycflights13")
library(nycflights13)

Contexto

El paquete nycflights13 contiene información sobre todos los vuelos que partieron desde Nueva York (EWR, JKF y LGA) a destinos en los Estados Unidos en 2013. Fueron 336,776 vuelos en total.

Las tablas de este paquete y sus relaciones son las siguientes:

Crear base de datos 

flights <- flights
weather <- weather
planes <- planes
airports <- airports
airlines <- airlines
df <- merge(flights, airlines, by = "carrier")
df <- merge(df, planes, by = "tailnum")
create_report(df)
## 
## 
## processing file: report.rmd
## 
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  |.                                    |   2%                                 
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  |..                                   |   5% [global_options]                
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  |....                                 |  10% [introduce]                     
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  |.....                                |  14% [plot_intro]                    
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## output file: /Users/david3/Desktop/report.knit.md
## /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/Resources/app/quarto/bin/tools/pandoc +RTS -K512m -RTS /Users/david3/Desktop/report.knit.md --to html4 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+tex_math_single_backslash --output /Users/david3/Desktop/report.html --lua-filter /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.3-arm64/Resources/library/rmarkdown/rmarkdown/lua/pagebreak.lua --lua-filter /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.3-arm64/Resources/library/rmarkdown/rmarkdown/lua/latex-div.lua --embed-resources --standalone --variable bs3=TRUE --section-divs --table-of-contents --toc-depth 6 --template /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.3-arm64/Resources/library/rmarkdown/rmd/h/default.html --no-highlight --variable highlightjs=1 --variable theme=yeti --mathjax --variable 'mathjax-url=https://mathjax.rstudio.com/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML' --include-in-header /var/folders/w7/f2nbb5z10vbgtz9_q5vpc1kc0000gr/T//Rtmpovm6gW/rmarkdown-str5e0b78e2a6cc.html
## 
## Output created: report.html
introduce(df)
##     rows columns discrete_columns continuous_columns all_missing_columns
## 1 284170      28               10                 18                   0
##   total_missing_values complete_rows total_observations memory_usage
## 1               311768           920            7956760     50225296
plot_intro(df)

plot_boxplot(df, by="carrier")
## Warning: Removed 23255 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_boxplot()`).

## Warning: Removed 288513 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_boxplot()`).

plot_missing(df)

plot_histogram(df)

plot_bar(df)
## 4 columns ignored with more than 50 categories.
## tailnum: 3322 categories
## dest: 104 categories
## time_hour: 6934 categories
## model: 127 categories

plot_correlation(df)
## 5 features with more than 20 categories ignored!
## tailnum: 3322 categories
## dest: 104 categories
## time_hour: 6934 categories
## manufacturer: 35 categories
## model: 127 categories
## Warning in cor(x = structure(list(year.x = c(2013L, 2013L, 2013L, 2013L, : the
## standard deviation is zero

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