PENGUIN PROJECT
2024-02-10
data(penguins)
summary(penguins)## species island bill_length_mm bill_depth_mm
## Adelie :152 Biscoe :168 Min. :32.10 Min. :13.10
## Chinstrap: 68 Dream :124 1st Qu.:39.23 1st Qu.:15.60
## Gentoo :124 Torgersen: 52 Median :44.45 Median :17.30
## Mean :43.92 Mean :17.15
## 3rd Qu.:48.50 3rd Qu.:18.70
## Max. :59.60 Max. :21.50
## NA's :2 NA's :2
## flipper_length_mm body_mass_g sex year
## Min. :172.0 Min. :2700 female:165 Min. :2007
## 1st Qu.:190.0 1st Qu.:3550 male :168 1st Qu.:2007
## Median :197.0 Median :4050 NA's : 11 Median :2008
## Mean :200.9 Mean :4202 Mean :2008
## 3rd Qu.:213.0 3rd Qu.:4750 3rd Qu.:2009
## Max. :231.0 Max. :6300 Max. :2009
## NA's :2 NA's :2summary(penguins_raw)## studyName Sample Number Species Region
## Length:344 Min. : 1.00 Length:344 Length:344
## Class :character 1st Qu.: 29.00 Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Median : 58.00 Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean : 63.15
## 3rd Qu.: 95.25
## Max. :152.00
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## Island Stage Individual ID Clutch Completion
## Length:344 Length:344 Length:344 Length:344
## Class :character Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
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## Date Egg Culmen Length (mm) Culmen Depth (mm) Flipper Length (mm)
## Min. :2007-11-09 Min. :32.10 Min. :13.10 Min. :172.0
## 1st Qu.:2007-11-28 1st Qu.:39.23 1st Qu.:15.60 1st Qu.:190.0
## Median :2008-11-09 Median :44.45 Median :17.30 Median :197.0
## Mean :2008-11-27 Mean :43.92 Mean :17.15 Mean :200.9
## 3rd Qu.:2009-11-16 3rd Qu.:48.50 3rd Qu.:18.70 3rd Qu.:213.0
## Max. :2009-12-01 Max. :59.60 Max. :21.50 Max. :231.0
## NA's :2 NA's :2 NA's :2
## Body Mass (g) Sex Delta 15 N (o/oo) Delta 13 C (o/oo)
## Min. :2700 Length:344 Min. : 7.632 Min. :-27.02
## 1st Qu.:3550 Class :character 1st Qu.: 8.300 1st Qu.:-26.32
## Median :4050 Mode :character Median : 8.652 Median :-25.83
## Mean :4202 Mean : 8.733 Mean :-25.69
## 3rd Qu.:4750 3rd Qu.: 9.172 3rd Qu.:-25.06
## Max. :6300 Max. :10.025 Max. :-23.79
## NA's :2 NA's :14 NA's :13
## Comments
## Length:344
## Class :character
## Mode :character
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## There are 3 species, Adelie, Chinstrap, and Gentoo
There are three islands, Biscoe, Dream, Torgersen.
Bill length is in mm. The range is from 32.10 to 59.60. Mean 44.45 and median 44.45.
ggplot(data = penguins, aes(x = body_mass_g, y = flipper_length_mm)) +
geom_point()## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (`geom_point()`).
ggplot(penguins, aes(island, body_mass_g) ) +
geom_bin2d(bins = 15) +
scale_fill_continuous(type = "viridis") +
theme_bw()## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (`stat_bin2d()`).
ggplot(data = penguins, aes(x = species, y = body_mass_g)) +
geom_boxplot()## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (`stat_boxplot()`).
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = island, fill = species)) +
geom_bar() +
labs(title = "Number of Each Penguin Species on Each Island",
x = "Island",
y = "Number of Penguins")
1.This is a dot plot of flipper length versus body mass. There is a
strong positive association between body mass and flipper length.
This graph shows a heat map of the body mass of penguins sorted by island. It uses the caegorical, ordinal data of which island the penguin is on then. The color of the bar shows how many penguins are in that range of body mass. The lighter the color the more penguins are in that range. This is similar to combining the body mass histograms of each island into one graph. The graph shows that penguins on biscoe have the largest range of body mass going from ~2500 grams to ~6800 grams. Most of the biscoe penguins fall in the 4500-5500 range which is the highest of every penguin. Dream island has a lot of penguins in the 3500-3700 gram range. The range is from ~2500 to ~4700 grams. Torgersen penguins are the most dispersed in weight. They range from ~3000 grams to ~4700 grams.
This is a box plot of the body mass by the species. It shows the that the Gentoo penguins have the largest body mass with a mean of about 5000 grams. The Chinstrap and Adelie have the same mean body mass but Adelie penguins have a larger 1st and 3rd quartile. The mean for both is about ~3750 grams.
This graph is showing how many of each species are on each island. Torgersen is exclusively Adelie and only has 50. Dream has half Chinstrap and half Adelie. It has a total of 125 penguins. Biscoe is the only island with Gentoo penguins, it also has some Adelie penguins. It has a total of 175 penguins and 125 Gentoo penguins
If we use the last 3 graphs we can gather information about each island and if the penguins are struggling or thriving on each island. Biscoe having the highest mean makes sense becasue we can see that gentoo penguins are the biggest penguin. And the Adelie’s tha make up the rest of the population explain that the range is so low. The density box plot shows that the conentration is higher than the torgersen island penguins. This indicates that adelie penguins are larger on biscoe island than torgersen. Dream island has similar weight adelie penguins to torgersen island.