Statistics on Desertification and Other climatic Variables

Basic Statistics The supplied dataset (“Desertification”) consists of 1,1600 observations from 29 localities. Data are organized by monthly values of Wind, Temperature, Rainfall and Destert Storms occorrences per year (from 2003 to 2012). Herein, I will first reorder the data in to have them more handable, and then make four different dataframes, one for each of the four variables.

For each of the variable (Wind, Sandstorms, Rainfall and temperature) a barplot (with stabdard deviations) and a boxplot are produced. Moreover, by stations trends are visualized.

WIND

SANDSTORMS

TEMPERATURE RAINFALL (there are some problems with this dataset, thus I will not analyze it for the moment)

Finally, using a generalized mixed model, a prediction of future sandstorms is shown (Rainfall data not used for the moment)

## # A tibble: 29 × 9
##    station       Meansandstorms  sd.x MeanWind  sd.y Meantemperature sd.x.x
##    <chr>                  <dbl> <dbl>    <dbl> <dbl>           <dbl>  <dbl>
##  1 Abha                  0.0818 0.335     6.27 1.22             28.3   3.76
##  2 Al-Ahsa               1.65   2.84      6.31 1.70             39.9   7.69
##  3 Al-Baha               0.118  0.631     6.19 1.66             32.9   6.45
##  4 Al-Jouf               0.7    1.40      7.55 1.24             34.6   7.99
##  5 Arar                  0.327  0.743     8.05 1.41             35.4   8.87
##  6 Bisha                 0.264  0.725     4.3  0.934            37.1   4.38
##  7 Dhahran               0.218  0.612     8.15 1.25             38.6   7.91
##  8 Dmmam                 0.636  1.22      8.48 1.29             38.6   7.87
##  9 Guriat                0.373  0.876     8.43 2.20             33.6   8.08
## 10 Hafr Elbatten         1.06   1.88      7.67 1.61             37.5   8.25
## # ℹ 19 more rows
## # ℹ 2 more variables: Meanrainfall <dbl>, sd.y.y <dbl>
## 
## Call:
## glm(formula = Meansandstorms ~ Meantemperature * MeanWind, family = "gaussian", 
##     data = Means)
## 
## Deviance Residuals: 
##      Min        1Q    Median        3Q       Max  
## -0.47930  -0.20708  -0.05359   0.13188   1.07398  
## 
## Coefficients:
##                          Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)               0.83233    3.86797   0.215    0.831
## Meantemperature          -0.02496    0.10126  -0.246    0.807
## MeanWind                 -0.35763    0.57746  -0.619    0.542
## Meantemperature:MeanWind  0.01189    0.01524   0.780    0.443
## 
## (Dispersion parameter for gaussian family taken to be 0.1214393)
## 
##     Null deviance: 3.8667  on 27  degrees of freedom
## Residual deviance: 2.9145  on 24  degrees of freedom
##   (1 osservazione eliminata a causa di un valore mancante)
## AIC: 26.111
## 
## Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 2
##                             Estimate Std. Error    t value  Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)               0.83232642 3.86797283  0.2151841 0.8314419
## Meantemperature          -0.02495999 0.10126260 -0.2464877 0.8074008
## MeanWind                 -0.35762715 0.57746004 -0.6193106 0.5415467
## Meantemperature:MeanWind  0.01188954 0.01523875  0.7802178 0.4428901
##            1            2            3            4            5            6 
## -0.004698916  0.571469628  0.220503262  0.372226468  0.457462622  0.265276653 
##            7            8            9           10           11           12 
##  0.697478574  0.730709562  0.350073987  0.573959619  0.371607604  0.567687077 
##           13           14           15           16           17           18 
##  0.347150853  0.094282250  0.466642488  0.122480965  0.232641338  0.495827243 
##           19           20           21           23           24           25 
##  0.483650842  0.477856397  0.435265856  0.496381530  0.638368255  0.258360064 
##           26           27           28           29 
##  0.270415513  0.168947963  0.368912622  0.641786953