1 DATA PREPARATION

2 Main Effect

##  **** Running ma_r: Meta-analysis of correlations **** 
##  Cleaning and imputing reliability information
##  **** Running ma_r: Meta-analysis of correlations **** 
##  Cleaning and imputing reliability information
## Descriptive Statistics:
## ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
##                   N (NA)     Mean        SD |  Median   Min       Max Skewness Kurtosis
## ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## analysis_id     179         90.00     51.82 |   90.00  1.00    179.00     0.00    -1.22
## pair_id         179         32.15     18.85 |   32.00  1.00     66.00     0.06    -1.20
## construct_x*    179          1.00      0.00 |    1.00  1.00      1.00      NaN      NaN
## construct_y*    179         32.85     18.70 |   33.00  1.00     66.00     0.00    -1.17
## analysis_type*  179          1.63      0.48 |    2.00  1.00      2.00    -0.54    -1.72
## USorNOT*        179          1.98      0.85 |    2.00  1.00      3.00     0.04    -1.61
## k               179          9.30     12.87 |    5.00  1.00     80.00     3.02    10.30
## N               179      65781.82 134879.58 | 4355.00 67.00 668315.00     2.39     5.12
## mean_r          179          0.07      0.11 |    0.05 -0.31      0.61     0.95     3.28
## var_r           156   23     0.01      0.02 |    0.01  0.00      0.15     3.90    19.68
## var_e           179          0.00      0.00 |    0.00  0.00      0.01     2.47     8.01
## var_res         156   23     0.01      0.02 |    0.00 -0.01      0.15     3.94    20.18
## sd_r            156   23     0.09      0.07 |    0.08  0.00      0.39     1.54     3.51
## se_r            179          0.04      0.04 |    0.03  0.00      0.28     2.40     9.08
## sd_e            179          0.04      0.02 |    0.03  0.00      0.12     0.85     0.58
## sd_res          156   23     0.08      0.07 |    0.07  0.00      0.39     1.53     3.35
## mean_rho        179          0.08      0.12 |    0.05 -0.36      0.65     0.94     3.23
## var_r_c         156   23     0.02      0.03 |    0.01  0.00      0.23     4.33    23.80
## var_e_c         179          0.00      0.00 |    0.00  0.00      0.02     2.50     8.38
## var_rho         156   23     0.01      0.03 |    0.01 -0.01      0.22     4.37    24.28
## sd_r_c          156   23     0.10      0.08 |    0.09  0.00      0.48     1.78     4.66
## se_r_c          179          0.05      0.04 |    0.03  0.00      0.34     2.69    11.50
## sd_e_c          179          0.04      0.03 |    0.04  0.00      0.14     0.86     0.61
## sd_rho          156   23     0.09      0.08 |    0.07  0.00      0.47     1.75     4.40
## CI_LL_95        179         -0.01      0.14 |   -0.01 -0.58      0.60     0.16     2.98
## CI_UL_95        179          0.17      0.16 |    0.13 -0.14      1.18     2.11     8.37
## CR_LL_80        179         -0.02      0.14 |   -0.02 -0.40      0.65     0.46     2.89
## CR_UL_80        179          0.18      0.18 |    0.14 -0.36      1.12     1.52     4.79
## ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## 
## NOTE: `construct_x`, `construct_y`, `analysis_type`, `USorNOT` transformed to numeric.
## Meta-analysis of the predictors of CPS
## ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
##     construct_x                           construct_y    USorNOT      k          N mean_r mean_rho
## ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## 1           CPS CPS                                   All Levels 65.000 322575.000  0.362    0.411
## 2           CPS Firm prestige                         All Levels 80.000 448488.000  0.187    0.202
## 3           CPS Financial index                       All Levels 58.000 416565.000  0.128    0.135
## 4           CPS Effectiveness of Marketing Operations All Levels 49.000 187808.000  0.029    0.037
## 5           CPS Accounting-based                      All Levels 71.000 618036.000  0.007    0.008
## 6           CPS Internationalization                  All Levels 29.000 297954.000 -0.002   -0.003
## 7           CPS Institutional ownership               All Levels 14.000  40706.000  0.171    0.183
## 8           CPS Corporate social responsibility (CSR) All Levels 14.000  18018.000  0.035    0.040
## 9           CPS Industry type                         All Levels 13.000   6015.000  0.038    0.041
## 10          CPS Capability                            All Levels 10.000   2694.000  0.062    0.067
## 11          CPS Industrial concentration              All Levels 10.000   9234.000  0.098    0.106
## 12          CPS Economic institutions                 All Levels  2.000   1780.000  0.002    0.003
## 13          CPS Quality of political system           All Levels 15.000   9814.000  0.019    0.021
## 14          CPS Government regulation                 All Levels 19.000 668315.000  0.095    0.106
## 15          CPS Financial performance                 All Levels 13.000  69838.000  0.108    0.116
## 16          CPS Auditing                              All Levels 16.000  28339.000  0.048    0.051
## 17          CPS Market uncertainty                    All Levels 10.000 231293.000  0.077    0.101
## 18          CPS Corporate mergers and acquisitions    All Levels  4.000   5786.000  0.078    0.082
## 19          CPS Political characteristics             All Levels  6.000   8039.000  0.025    0.026
## 20          CPS Firm division                         All Levels  8.000   7639.000  0.111    0.120
## 21          CPS Financial resources                   All Levels 19.000  80946.000  0.219    0.262
## 22          CPS Firm resources                        All Levels 28.000  53971.000  0.009    0.011
## 23          CPS Management effectiveness              All Levels  1.000    607.000  0.220    0.239
## 24          CPS Non financial performance             All Levels  3.000    911.000 -0.025   -0.027
## 25          CPS Competitive advantage                 All Levels  4.000   2418.000  0.011    0.013
## 26          CPS Other variables                       All Levels 36.000 469481.000  0.090    0.104
## 27          CPS Quality of economic system            All Levels 16.000   6923.000 -0.001   -0.001
## 28          CPS Human resource management             All Levels  6.000   1276.000 -0.045   -0.049
## 29          CPS Diversification                       All Levels  6.000  17108.000  0.213    0.232
## 30          CPS Duality                               All Levels  6.000  12993.000  0.017    0.017
## 31          CPS Industry performance                  All Levels  5.000   3082.000 -0.016   -0.018
## 32          CPS CEO characteristic                    All Levels 14.000 274634.000  0.193    0.203
## 33          CPS Family ownership                      All Levels 17.000 254074.000  0.178    0.186
## 34          CPS Owner characteristics                 All Levels  5.000   1001.000  0.228    0.286
## 35          CPS Industrial competition                All Levels  4.000 222802.000  0.060    0.068
## 36          CPS Ownership types                       All Levels  2.000   2345.000  0.018    0.019
## 37          CPS TMT Remuneration                      All Levels  5.000  84270.000  0.053    0.056
## 38          CPS Firm location                         All Levels  4.000    812.000  0.076    0.081
## 39          CPS Country characteristics               All Levels  7.000   1720.000  0.027    0.030
## 40          CPS Innovation                            All Levels 10.000  18426.000  0.031    0.037
## 41          CPS Political competition                 All Levels 13.000   7083.000  0.132    0.142
## 42          CPS Board characteristic                  All Levels 14.000 425831.000  0.056    0.060
## 43          CPS Owner power                           All Levels 11.000   5502.000  0.049    0.052
## 44          CPS Government ownership                  All Levels  8.000   4355.000 -0.065   -0.070
## 45          CPS Social institutions                   All Levels  2.000   1495.000 -0.060   -0.065
## 46          CPS Marketing strategy                    All Levels  4.000    978.000  0.029    0.029
## 47          CPS Agency problem                        All Levels  1.000    405.000 -0.030   -0.033
## 48          CPS Board independence                    All Levels 18.000  18749.000  0.020    0.021
## 49          CPS Country attractiveness                All Levels  2.000    428.000  0.032    0.035
## 50          CPS Political institutions                All Levels  5.000   2761.000  0.116    0.128
## 51          CPS Institutional environment             All Levels  6.000   3478.000 -0.024   -0.033
## 52          CPS Social capital                        All Levels  7.000   1875.000  0.074    0.087
## 53          CPS List                                  All Levels  5.000   4725.000  0.188    0.203
## 54          CPS Industry exit and entry               All Levels  1.000    220.000 -0.003   -0.003
## 55          CPS Industrial characteristic             All Levels  5.000   2776.000  0.079    0.091
## 56          CPS Social issues                         All Levels  2.000   1624.000 -0.003   -0.003
## 57          CPS CEO power                             All Levels  3.000  45607.000 -0.063   -0.068
## 58          CPS Firm Investment                       All Levels  8.000  35245.000  0.022    0.023
## 59          CPS Corporate marketing-focus strategies  All Levels  2.000    192.000 -0.129   -0.136
## 60          CPS TMT characteristic                    All Levels  2.000    533.000 -0.048   -0.052
## 61          CPS Corporate transparency                All Levels  2.000 412456.000  0.044    0.047
## 62          CPS Domestic ownership                    All Levels  1.000    140.000  0.231    0.250
## 63          CPS Entrepreneurship                      All Levels  2.000    309.000  0.133    0.151
## 64          CPS Board meeting frequency               All Levels  2.000   1503.000  0.282    0.303
## 65          CPS CSR pressure                          All Levels  1.000     67.000  0.081    0.090
## 66          CPS Risk committee attributes             All Levels  1.000    400.000  0.153    0.166
## ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Multigroup meta-analysis of the predictors of CPS
## ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
##      construct_x                           construct_y USorNOT      k          N mean_r mean_rho
## ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## 1            CPS CPS                                    Non US 15.000  17181.000  0.103    0.119
## 2            CPS CPS                                    US     50.000 305394.000  0.377    0.427
## 3            CPS Firm prestige                          Non US 33.000 257808.000  0.142    0.152
## 4            CPS Firm prestige                          US     47.000 190680.000  0.248    0.272
## 5            CPS Financial index                        Non US 31.000 270942.000  0.191    0.201
## 6            CPS Financial index                        US     27.000 145623.000  0.010    0.011
## 7            CPS Effectiveness of Marketing Operations  Non US 21.000  27685.000  0.009    0.012
## 8            CPS Effectiveness of Marketing Operations  US     28.000 160123.000  0.032    0.041
## 9            CPS Accounting-based                       Non US 28.000  47749.000  0.026    0.027
## 10           CPS Accounting-based                       US     43.000 570287.000  0.006    0.006
## 11           CPS Internationalization                   Non US 15.000 232379.000 -0.029   -0.030
## 12           CPS Internationalization                   US     14.000  65575.000  0.092    0.098
## 13           CPS Institutional ownership                Non US  9.000  20843.000  0.216    0.229
## 14           CPS Institutional ownership                US      5.000  19863.000  0.124    0.133
## 15           CPS Corporate social responsibility (CSR)  Non US  4.000   1153.000 -0.017   -0.023
## 16           CPS Corporate social responsibility (CSR)  US     10.000  16865.000  0.039    0.045
## 17           CPS Industry type                          Non US  9.000   2445.000  0.033    0.034
## 18           CPS Industry type                          US      4.000   3570.000  0.042    0.046
## 19           CPS Capability                             Non US  7.000   1612.000  0.046    0.049
## 20           CPS Capability                             US      3.000   1082.000  0.087    0.094
## 21           CPS Industrial concentration               Non US  1.000   2248.000 -0.006   -0.007
## 22           CPS Industrial concentration               US      9.000   6986.000  0.132    0.142
## 23           CPS Economic institutions                  US      2.000   1780.000  0.002    0.003
## 24           CPS Quality of political system            Non US  4.000   1509.000  0.035    0.038
## 25           CPS Quality of political system            US     11.000   8305.000  0.016    0.018
## 26           CPS Government regulation                  Non US  4.000 222786.000  0.104    0.114
## 27           CPS Government regulation                  US     15.000 445529.000  0.090    0.102
## 28           CPS Financial performance                  Non US  5.000   6638.000  0.079    0.084
## 29           CPS Financial performance                  US      8.000  63200.000  0.111    0.120
## 30           CPS Auditing                               Non US 10.000  17020.000  0.119    0.130
## 31           CPS Auditing                               US      6.000  11319.000 -0.058   -0.064
## 32           CPS Market uncertainty                     Non US  3.000 222795.000  0.080    0.106
## 33           CPS Market uncertainty                     US      7.000   8498.000 -0.021   -0.028
## 34           CPS Corporate mergers and acquisitions     Non US  2.000    640.000  0.018    0.019
## 35           CPS Corporate mergers and acquisitions     US      2.000   5146.000  0.085    0.090
## 36           CPS Political characteristics              US      6.000   8039.000  0.025    0.026
## 37           CPS Firm division                          Non US  4.000   2125.000 -0.000    0.000
## 38           CPS Firm division                          US      4.000   5514.000  0.154    0.164
## 39           CPS Financial resources                    Non US  5.000   1582.000  0.143    0.211
## 40           CPS Financial resources                    US     14.000  79364.000  0.220    0.263
## 41           CPS Firm resources                         Non US 16.000  26552.000 -0.042   -0.050
## 42           CPS Firm resources                         US     12.000  27419.000  0.058    0.070
## 43           CPS Management effectiveness               US      1.000    607.000  0.220    0.239
## 44           CPS Non financial performance              US      3.000    911.000 -0.025   -0.027
## 45           CPS Competitive advantage                  Non US  2.000    646.000 -0.056   -0.064
## 46           CPS Competitive advantage                  US      2.000   1772.000  0.036    0.042
## 47           CPS Other variables                        Non US 12.000  19148.000  0.224    0.277
## 48           CPS Other variables                        US     24.000 450333.000  0.084    0.097
## 49           CPS Quality of economic system             Non US  9.000   4846.000  0.054    0.059
## 50           CPS Quality of economic system             US      7.000   2077.000 -0.129   -0.139
## 51           CPS Human resource management              Non US  5.000   1152.000 -0.065   -0.071
## 52           CPS Human resource management              US      1.000    124.000  0.141    0.152
## 53           CPS Diversification                        Non US  3.000  11990.000  0.255    0.281
## 54           CPS Diversification                        US      3.000   5118.000  0.113    0.122
## 55           CPS Duality                                Non US  5.000  11068.000 -0.015   -0.015
## 56           CPS Duality                                US      1.000   1925.000  0.200    0.217
## 57           CPS Industry performance                   Non US  1.000    352.000  0.055    0.059
## 58           CPS Industry performance                   US      4.000   2730.000 -0.025   -0.028
## 59           CPS CEO characteristic                     Non US  8.000 227358.000  0.230    0.239
## 60           CPS CEO characteristic                     US      6.000  47276.000  0.014    0.016
## 61           CPS Family ownership                       Non US 13.000 246294.000  0.186    0.195
## 62           CPS Family ownership                       US      4.000   7780.000 -0.087   -0.093
## 63           CPS Owner characteristics                  Non US  2.000    412.000  0.413    0.516
## 64           CPS Owner characteristics                  US      3.000    589.000  0.098    0.122
## 65           CPS Industrial competition                 Non US  3.000 222714.000  0.060    0.068
## 66           CPS Industrial competition                 US      1.000     88.000 -0.312   -0.361
## 67           CPS Ownership types                        US      2.000   2345.000  0.018    0.019
## 68           CPS TMT Remuneration                       US      5.000  84270.000  0.053    0.056
## 69           CPS Firm location                          Non US  2.000    597.000  0.109    0.115
## 70           CPS Firm location                          US      2.000    215.000 -0.013   -0.015
## 71           CPS Country characteristics                Non US  6.000   1535.000  0.033    0.037
## 72           CPS Country characteristics                US      1.000    185.000 -0.020   -0.022
## 73           CPS Innovation                             Non US  4.000   1151.000  0.114    0.135
## 74           CPS Innovation                             US      6.000  17275.000  0.025    0.030
## 75           CPS Political competition                  US     13.000   7083.000  0.132    0.142
## 76           CPS Board characteristic                   Non US  5.000   9132.000  0.040    0.041
## 77           CPS Board characteristic                   US      9.000 416699.000  0.057    0.061
## 78           CPS Owner power                            Non US  5.000   3105.000  0.053    0.056
## 79           CPS Owner power                            US      6.000   2397.000  0.044    0.047
## 80           CPS Government ownership                   Non US  6.000   2774.000 -0.094   -0.101
## 81           CPS Government ownership                   US      2.000   1581.000 -0.015   -0.015
## 82           CPS Social institutions                    US      2.000   1495.000 -0.060   -0.065
## 83           CPS Marketing strategy                     Non US  3.000    714.000  0.028    0.028
## 84           CPS Marketing strategy                     US      1.000    264.000  0.030    0.033
## 85           CPS Agency problem                         Non US  1.000    405.000 -0.030   -0.033
## 86           CPS Board independence                     Non US 13.000  14383.000 -0.007   -0.007
## 87           CPS Board independence                     US      5.000   4366.000  0.107    0.118
## 88           CPS Country attractiveness                 US      2.000    428.000  0.032    0.035
## 89           CPS Political institutions                 Non US  1.000    181.000  0.055    0.059
## 90           CPS Political institutions                 US      4.000   2580.000  0.120    0.133
## 91           CPS Institutional environment              Non US  3.000   2060.000  0.078    0.086
## 92           CPS Institutional environment              US      3.000   1418.000 -0.172   -0.206
## 93           CPS Social capital                         Non US  4.000   1485.000  0.019    0.022
## 94           CPS Social capital                         US      3.000    390.000  0.283    0.337
## 95           CPS List                                   Non US  2.000   3188.000  0.126    0.136
## 96           CPS List                                   US      3.000   1537.000  0.318    0.343
## 97           CPS Industry exit and entry                US      1.000    220.000 -0.003   -0.003
## 98           CPS Industrial characteristic              Non US  2.000   1082.000  0.224    0.257
## 99           CPS Industrial characteristic              US      3.000   1694.000 -0.014   -0.014
## 100          CPS Social issues                          US      2.000   1624.000 -0.003   -0.003
## 101          CPS CEO power                              Non US  1.000    750.000  0.348    0.367
## 102          CPS CEO power                              US      2.000  44857.000 -0.070   -0.076
## 103          CPS Firm Investment                        Non US  2.000   1587.000 -0.002   -0.001
## 104          CPS Firm Investment                        US      6.000  33658.000  0.023    0.024
## 105          CPS Corporate marketing-focus strategies   US      2.000    192.000 -0.129   -0.136
## 106          CPS TMT characteristic                     Non US  2.000    533.000 -0.048   -0.052
## 107          CPS Corporate transparency                 US      2.000 412456.000  0.044    0.047
## 108          CPS Domestic ownership                     US      1.000    140.000  0.231    0.250
## 109          CPS Entrepreneurship                       Non US  2.000    309.000  0.133    0.151
## 110          CPS Board meeting frequency                Non US  1.000    900.000  0.065    0.070
## 111          CPS Board meeting frequency                US      1.000    603.000  0.606    0.651
## 112          CPS CSR pressure                           US      1.000     67.000  0.081    0.090
## 113          CPS Risk committee attributes              Non US  1.000    400.000  0.153    0.166
## ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────