Camilo Santa Cruz
E-mail: camilo.santacruz@tu-dortmund.de
January, 2024
Economic returns of bilingualism in Costa Rica. Evidence for 2010 - 2023
Citation: Santa Cruz - Camacho, C. (2024). Economic returns of
bilingualism in Costa Rica. Evidence for 2010 - 2023. Seminar in Labor
Economics and Public Policy. Working paper. https://rpubs.com/camilosc1695/bilingualismcr
Abstract
Proficiency in Foreign Language Skills (FLS) is recognized as a form of
Human Capital that has acquired increasing significance in the Costa
Rican economy. This importance stems from the country’s strategic
efforts, initiated over 25 years ago, to facilitate integration into
international markets and attract high-tech companies. This study
explores the economic benefits of possessing proficiency in a second
language. Employing a multiple linear regression analysis with Pooled
Cross-Sectional data, the primary objective is to identify the benefits
of acquiring an additional language, both in terms of employment
condition—whether the person is employed or not—and through the
identification of a wage premium associated with mastering Foreign
Language Skills. Even after controlling for factors such as region,
industry, educational attainment, occupation, and other human capital
variables, a positive relationship between Foreign Language proficiency
and wage premium persists. There is insufficient evidence to suggest
that proficiency in Foreign Language Skills alone determines
occupational condition. However, the preliminary findings indicate
economic returns associated with the command of Foreign Language Skills
of values that fluctuate between 3000 dollars and 13.000 dollars.
Keywords
Wage premium, Propensity Score Matching, Foreign Language Skills,
knowledge economy

