GOSE

Descriptive tables

Table 1a. GOSE by TIMEPOINT.

Timepoint	variable	n	min	max	median	q1	q3	iqr	mad	mean	sd	se	ci
Days 7 to 10	GOSE	237	1	8	5	3	6	3	1.483	4.620	2.131	0.138	0.273
Month 3	GOSE	322	1	8	5	2	7	5	2.965	4.516	2.546	0.142	0.279
Month 6	GOSE	338	1	8	5	2	7	5	3.706	4.530	2.649	0.144	0.283
Month 12	GOSE	353	1	8	5	2	7	5	4.448	4.493	2.734	0.145	0.286

Table 1b. GOSE by TIMEPOINT and AGE GROUP.

Version	Timepoint	variable	n	min	max	median	q1	q3	iqr	mad	mean	sd	se	ci
Adult	Days 7 to 10	GOSE	146	1	8	5.5	4	7.00	3.00	2.224	5.438	1.827	0.151	0.299
Pediatric	Days 7 to 10	GOSE	85	1	7	3.0	2	5.00	3.00	2.965	3.447	1.912	0.207	0.412
pwee	Days 7 to 10	GOSE	6	1	2	1.0	1	1.75	0.75	0.000	1.333	0.516	0.211	0.542
Adult	Month 3	GOSE	196	1	8	6.0	4	8.00	4.00	2.965	5.597	2.248	0.161	0.317
Pediatric	Month 3	GOSE	121	1	8	2.0	1	4.00	3.00	1.483	2.909	2.025	0.184	0.364
pwee	Month 3	GOSE	5	1	1	1.0	1	1.00	0.00	0.000	1.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Adult	Month 6	GOSE	209	1	8	6.0	5	8.00	3.00	2.965	5.727	2.301	0.159	0.314
Pediatric	Month 6	GOSE	124	1	8	2.0	1	4.00	3.00	1.483	2.653	1.942	0.174	0.345
pwee	Month 6	GOSE	5	1	1	1.0	1	1.00	0.00	0.000	1.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Adult	Month 12	GOSE	221	1	8	7.0	5	8.00	3.00	1.483	5.824	2.332	0.157	0.309
Pediatric	Month 12	GOSE	132	1	8	2.0	1	3.00	2.00	1.483	2.265	1.720	0.150	0.296

Table 1c. GOSE by TIMEPOINT and SEVERITY.

Timepoint	Severity	variable	n	min	max	median	q1	q3	iqr	mad	mean	sd	se	ci
Days 7 to 10	Mild	GOSE	229	1	8	5.0	3.00	6.00	3.00	1.483	4.729	2.081	0.138	0.271
Days 7 to 10	Moderate	GOSE	2	2	3	2.5	2.25	2.75	0.50	0.741	2.500	0.707	0.500	6.353
Days 7 to 10	Severe	GOSE	6	1	2	1.0	1.00	1.00	0.00	0.000	1.167	0.408	0.167	0.428
Month 3	Mild	GOSE	229	1	8	5.0	2.00	7.00	5.00	4.448	4.799	2.653	0.175	0.345
Month 3	Moderate	GOSE	31	1	8	4.0	3.00	5.00	2.00	1.483	4.097	1.680	0.302	0.616
Month 3	Severe	GOSE	62	1	8	3.0	1.00	5.75	4.75	2.965	3.677	2.303	0.292	0.585
Month 6	Mild	GOSE	236	1	8	6.0	2.00	7.00	5.00	2.965	4.847	2.729	0.178	0.350
Month 6	Moderate	GOSE	34	1	8	4.0	3.00	6.00	3.00	2.224	4.235	2.175	0.373	0.759
Month 6	Severe	GOSE	68	1	8	3.0	1.00	5.00	4.00	2.965	3.574	2.346	0.284	0.568
Month 12	Mild	GOSE	248	1	8	6.0	2.00	8.00	6.00	2.965	4.839	2.815	0.179	0.352
Month 12	Moderate	GOSE	31	1	8	4.0	3.00	7.00	4.00	2.965	4.387	2.376	0.427	0.872
Month 12	Severe	GOSE	74	1	8	3.0	1.00	5.00	4.00	2.965	3.378	2.286	0.266	0.530

Boxplots

Figure 1a Box-and-whisker, density, and raincloud plot of GOSE (ADULT vs. PEDIATRIC)

Figure 1b Box-and-whisker, density, and raincloud plot of ADULT GOSE (by SEVERITY)

Figure 1c Box-and-whicker, density, and raincloud plot of PEDIATRIC GOSE (by SEVERITY)

Group and individual trajectories

Figure 2a Overall GOSE trajectory, all ADULTS.

## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

Figure 2b Individual GOSE trajectory, 10% random sample of ADULTS.

## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?

Figure 3a Overall GOSE trajectory, all PEDIATRIC cases.

## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

Figure 3b Individual GOSE trajectory, 10% random sample of PEDIATRIC cases.

## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?

Status

Table 2a. GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT in ADULT cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 1-3; FAVORABLE: GOSE 4-8.

Timepoint	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	235	20	8.5
Month 3	285	37	13.0
Month 6	279	41	14.7
Month 12	265	45	17.0

Table 2b. GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT and SEVERITY in ADULT cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 1-3; FAVORABLE: GOSE 4-8.

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'Timepoint'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

Timepoint	Sev	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	Mild	199	15	7.5
Days 7 to 10	msTBI	36	5	13.9
Month 3	Mild	200	5	2.5
Month 3	msTBI	85	32	37.6
Month 6	Mild	195	6	3.1
Month 6	msTBI	84	35	41.7
Month 12	Mild	180	8	4.4
Month 12	msTBI	85	37	43.5

Figure 4 GOSE STATUS, across time in ADULT cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 1-3; FAVORABLE: GOSE 4-8.

Table 3a GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 6-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-5.

Timepoint	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	93	19	20.4
Month 3	133	20	15.0
Month 6	138	16	11.6
Month 12	150	8	5.3

Table 3b. GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT and SEVERITY in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 6-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-5.

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'Timepoint'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

Timepoint	Sev	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	Mild	89	19	21.3
Days 7 to 10	msTBI	4	0	0.0
Month 3	Mild	97	5	5.2
Month 3	msTBI	36	15	41.7
Month 6	Mild	98	5	5.1
Month 6	msTBI	40	11	27.5
Month 12	Mild	111	1	0.9
Month 12	msTBI	39	7	17.9

Figure 5 GOSE STATUS, across time in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 6-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-5.

Table 4a GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 5-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-4.

Timepoint	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	93	30	32.3
Month 3	133	25	18.8
Month 6	138	21	15.2
Month 12	150	9	6.0

Table 3b. GOSE STATUS by TIMEPOINT and SEVERITY in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 5-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-4.

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'Timepoint'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

Timepoint	Sev	n	n Unfavorable	% Unfavorable
Days 7 to 10	Mild	89	30	33.7
Days 7 to 10	msTBI	4	0	0.0
Month 3	Mild	97	6	6.2
Month 3	msTBI	36	19	52.8
Month 6	Mild	98	6	6.1
Month 6	msTBI	40	15	37.5
Month 12	Mild	111	1	0.9
Month 12	msTBI	39	8	20.5

Figure 5 GOSE STATUS, across time in PEDIATRIC cases. UNFAVORABLE: GOSE 5-8; FAVORABLE: GOSE 1-4.

PEDSQOL

Tables

Table 4a. PEDSQOL by TIMEPOINT.

Timepoint	variable	n	min	max	median	q1	q3	iqr	mad	mean	sd	se	ci
Days 7 to 10	PEDSQOL	134	17.50	100	73.595	55.368	89.208	33.840	25.056	71.734	20.952	1.810	3.580
Month 3	PEDSQOL	200	0.00	100	83.985	62.500	94.310	31.810	19.118	76.712	21.774	1.540	3.036
Month 6	PEDSQOL	17	55.16	100	82.500	72.810	91.670	18.860	14.366	81.043	13.862	3.362	7.127
Month 12	PEDSQOL	300	0.00	100	86.405	67.112	96.355	29.243	20.156	79.335	20.424	1.179	2.321

Table 4b PEDSQOL by TIMEPOINT and SEVERITY.

Timepoint	Severity	variable	n	min	max	median	q1	q3	iqr	mad	mean	sd	se	ci
Days 7 to 10	Mild	PEDSQOL	132	17.50	100.00	72.505	55.155	89.182	34.028	25.323	71.479	20.997	1.828	3.615
Days 7 to 10	Moderate	PEDSQOL	1	83.33	83.33	83.330	83.330	83.330	0.000	0.000	83.330	NA	NA	NaN
Days 7 to 10	Severe	PEDSQOL	1	93.75	93.75	93.750	93.750	93.750	0.000	0.000	93.750	NA	NA	NaN
Month 3	Mild	PEDSQOL	152	27.35	100.00	86.720	69.452	95.510	26.057	16.101	81.102	17.834	1.447	2.858
Month 3	Moderate	PEDSQOL	23	0.00	98.33	72.920	53.195	88.125	34.930	26.568	68.771	25.427	5.302	10.995
Month 3	Severe	PEDSQOL	25	0.00	100.00	54.650	43.100	77.350	34.250	33.092	57.328	27.633	5.527	11.406
Month 6	Mild	PEDSQOL	10	67.19	100.00	88.335	80.745	95.512	14.767	11.468	87.466	10.828	3.424	7.746
Month 6	Moderate	PEDSQOL	2	66.79	86.41	76.600	71.695	81.505	9.810	14.544	76.600	13.873	9.810	124.648
Month 6	Severe	PEDSQOL	5	55.16	87.50	72.810	56.900	77.500	20.600	21.779	69.974	13.804	6.173	17.140
Month 12	Mild	PEDSQOL	231	10.16	100.00	88.130	70.705	97.500	26.795	17.598	81.791	18.885	1.243	2.448
Month 12	Moderate	PEDSQOL	25	41.10	100.00	86.250	65.940	92.190	26.250	20.386	77.665	18.550	3.710	7.657
Month 12	Severe	PEDSQOL	44	0.00	100.00	71.145	54.492	86.795	32.303	24.441	67.386	24.916	3.756	7.575

Boxplots

Figure 6a Box-and-whisker, density, and raincloud plot of PEDSQOL.

Figure 6b Box-and-whisker, density, and raincloud plot of PEDSQOL by SEVERITY.

Group trajectories

Figure 7a Overall PEDSQOL trajectory. nb. the 6-month data were dropped owing to limited # of cases (n=17, across all severities)

## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

Figure 7b Individual PEDSQOL trajectory, 10% random sample. nb. the 6-month data were dropped owing to limited # of cases (n=17, across all severities)

## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?
## `geom_line()`: Each group consists of only one observation.
## ℹ Do you need to adjust the group aesthetic?

Correlations

Spearman - Adult (GOSExAGE)

Table 5a ADULT: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at DAYS7to10

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.18
## Age  -0.18  1.00
## 
## n= 146 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.0316
## Age  0.0316

Table 5b ADULT: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 3 MONTHS

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.16
## Age  -0.16  1.00
## 
## n= 196 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.0248
## Age  0.0248

Table 5c ADULT: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 6 MONTHS

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.06
## Age  -0.06  1.00
## 
## n= 209 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.3841
## Age  0.3841

Table 5d ADULT: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 12 MONTHS

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.16
## Age  -0.16  1.00
## 
## n= 221 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE  Age  
## GOSE       0.016
## Age  0.016

Spearman - Pediatric (GOSExAGE)

Table 6a PEDIATRIC: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at DAYS7to10

##      GOSE  Age
## GOSE 1.00 0.12
## Age  0.12 1.00
## 
## n= 85 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.2685
## Age  0.2685

Table 6b PEDIATRIC: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 3 MONTHS

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.16
## Age  -0.16  1.00
## 
## n= 121 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.0747
## Age  0.0747

Table 6c PEDIATRIC: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 6 MONTHS

##       GOSE   Age
## GOSE  1.00 -0.16
## Age  -0.16  1.00
## 
## n= 124 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.0719
## Age  0.0719

Table 6d PEDIATRIC: GOSExAGE SPEARMAN at 12 MONTHS

##      GOSE  Age
## GOSE 1.00 0.07
## Age  0.07 1.00
## 
## n= 132 
## 
## 
## P
##      GOSE   Age   
## GOSE        0.4369
## Age  0.4369

Pearson - Adult (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Table 7a ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at DAYS7to10

##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE    1.00    0.53
## PEDSQOL 0.53    1.00
## 
## n= 79 
## 
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Table 7b ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 3 MONTHS

##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE    1.00    0.62
## PEDSQOL 0.62    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     196     108
## PEDSQOL  108     108
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Table 7c ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 6 MONTHS

##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE    1.00    0.58
## PEDSQOL 0.58    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     209       3
## PEDSQOL    3       3
## 
## P
##         GOSE   PEDSQOL
## GOSE           0.6092 
## PEDSQOL 0.6092

Table 7d ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 12 MONTHS

##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE    1.00    0.65
## PEDSQOL 0.65    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     225     171
## PEDSQOL  171     171
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Pearson - Pediatric (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Table 8a PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at DAYS7to10

##          GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     1.00   -0.56
## PEDSQOL -0.56    1.00
## 
## n= 53 
## 
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Table 8b PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 3 MONTHS

##          GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     1.00   -0.71
## PEDSQOL -0.71    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     141      91
## PEDSQOL   91      91
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Table 8c PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 6 MONTHS

##          GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     1.00   -0.75
## PEDSQOL -0.75    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     125      14
## PEDSQOL   14      14
## 
## P
##         GOSE   PEDSQOL
## GOSE           0.0018 
## PEDSQOL 0.0018

Table 8d PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PEARSON at 12 MONTHS

##          GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     1.00   -0.58
## PEDSQOL -0.58    1.00
## 
## n
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE     150     129
## PEDSQOL  129     129
## 
## P
##         GOSE PEDSQOL
## GOSE          0     
## PEDSQOL  0

Partial - Adult (GOSExPEDSQOL)

## Loading required package: MASS

## 
## Attaching package: 'MASS'

## The following object is masked from 'package:EnvStats':
## 
##     boxcox

## The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
## 
##     select

## The following object is masked from 'package:rstatix':
## 
##     select

Table 9a ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at DAYS7to10

##    estimate      p.value statistic  n gp  Method
## 1 0.5407284 3.212006e-07  5.603872 79  1 pearson

Table 9b ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at 3 MONTHS

##    estimate      p.value statistic   n gp  Method
## 1 0.6278758 4.546079e-13  8.266351 108  1 pearson

Table 9c ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at 6 MONTHS

##    estimate p.value statistic n gp  Method
## 1 0.2680396     NaN         0 3  1 pearson

Table 9d ADULT: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) 12 MONTHS

##    estimate      p.value statistic   n gp  Method
## 1 0.6497485 9.193447e-22  11.07901 171  1 pearson

Partial - Pediatric (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Table 10a PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at DAYS7to10

## Loading required package: MASS

## 
## Attaching package: 'MASS'

## The following object is masked from 'package:EnvStats':
## 
##     boxcox

## The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
## 
##     select

## The following object is masked from 'package:rstatix':
## 
##     select

##     estimate     p.value statistic  n gp  Method
## 1 -0.5438639 3.08543e-05 -4.582722 53  1 pearson

Table 10b PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at 3 MONTHS

##     estimate      p.value statistic  n gp  Method
## 1 -0.7499019 1.816533e-17 -10.63368 91  1 pearson

Table 10c PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) at 6 MONTHS

##     estimate     p.value statistic  n gp  Method
## 1 -0.7891377 0.001340397 -4.261159 14  1 pearson

Table 10d PEDIATRIC: GOSExPEDSQOL PARTIAL (AGE) 12 MONTHS

##     estimate      p.value statistic   n gp  Method
## 1 -0.5758998 1.144913e-12 -7.907399 129  1 pearson

Growth curves

GOSE - Observed data

## This is lavaan 0.6-16
## lavaan is FREE software! Please report any bugs.

Figure 8 Group trajectories (observed data) for both ADULT and PEDIATRIC cases.

GOSE - Intercept model

Table 11a Linear model fitted to ADULT cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

“The null hypothesis in an SEM analysis is that the covariance matrix implied or reproduced by the specified model is statistically the same as the input covariance matrix [where covariances are set to 0]. Contrary to usual hypothesis testing, we hope to retain the null hypothesis that the two matrices are statistically the same.”

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 25 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                         5
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           154         294
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                                21.248      36.459
##   Degrees of freedom                                 4           4
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.583
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T3                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 5.751    0.188   30.583    0.000
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.637    0.140    4.540    0.000
##    .T3                0.354    0.097    3.644    0.000
##    .T4                0.354    0.095    3.718    0.000
##     i                 5.223    0.571    9.144    0.000

Table 11b Linear model fitted to PEDIATRIC cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 24 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                         5
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            69         159
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                                44.237      53.062
##   Degrees of freedom                                 4           4
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.834
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 2.025    0.134   15.092    0.000
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                4.289    0.734    5.846    0.000
##    .T2                0.967    0.298    3.246    0.001
##    .T4                0.437    0.170    2.568    0.010
##     i                 0.693    0.174    3.987    0.000

GOSE - Linear model

Table 12a Linear model fitted to ADULT cases. The model DOES allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 57 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                         8
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           154         294
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                                 1.305       1.464
##   Degrees of freedom                                 1           1
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.253       0.226
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.891
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T3                6.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s                -0.009    0.027   -0.320    0.749
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T3                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 5.475    0.192   28.515    0.000
##     s                 0.034    0.008    4.374    0.000
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.423    0.149    2.843    0.004
##    .T3                0.498    0.116    4.300    0.000
##    .T4               -0.053    0.258   -0.206    0.837
##     i                 5.028    0.578    8.701    0.000
##     s                 0.006    0.005    1.328    0.184

Table 12b Linear model fitted to PEDIATRIC cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 54 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                         8
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            69         159
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                                24.514      33.879
##   Degrees of freedom                                 1           1
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.724
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s                -0.018    0.031   -0.576    0.565
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 2.603    0.258   10.082    0.000
##     s                -0.065    0.020   -3.219    0.001
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                2.913    0.715    4.073    0.000
##    .T2                1.002    0.345    2.908    0.004
##    .T4                0.604    0.959    0.630    0.529
##     i                 1.002    0.386    2.596    0.009
##     s                -0.001    0.009   -0.107    0.915

GOSE - Quadratic model

Table 13a Quadratic model fitted to ADULT cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 64 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        12
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           154         294
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                    NA
##   Degrees of freedom                                -3
##   P-value (Unknown)                                 NA
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T3                6.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
##   q =~                                                
##     T2                0.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                4.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s                 0.359       NA                  
##     q                -0.704       NA                  
##   s ~~                                                
##     q                -0.368       NA                  
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T3                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 5.130       NA                  
##     s                 0.139       NA                  
##     q                -0.227       NA                  
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                1.323       NA                  
##    .T3               -0.309       NA                  
##    .T4                3.063       NA                  
##     i                 0.313       NA                  
##     s                 0.185       NA                  
##     q                 0.500       NA

Table 13b Quadratic model fitted to PEDIATRIC cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 50 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        12
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            69         159
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                    NA
##   Degrees of freedom                                -3
##   P-value (Unknown)                                 NA
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
##   q =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                4.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s                -0.016       NA                  
##     q                -0.005       NA                  
##   s ~~                                                
##     q                -0.026       NA                  
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                 2.603       NA                  
##     s                -0.059       NA                  
##     q                -0.020       NA                  
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                2.913       NA                  
##    .T2                1.002       NA                  
##    .T4                0.604       NA                  
##     i                 1.002       NA                  
##     s                 0.011       NA                  
##     q                 0.046       NA

GOSE - Covariate models

Table 14a Linear model fitted to ADULT cases, with Age as a time-invariant covariate and Severity as a time-varying covariate. The model is significant, allowing the null to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 74 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        13
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           207         294
##   Number of missing patterns                         8            
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                 5.583
##   Degrees of freedom                                 8
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.694
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Standard
##   Information                                 Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T3                6.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
## 
## Regressions:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~                                                 
##     Age_1            -0.012    0.006   -1.852    0.064
##   s ~                                                 
##     Age_1            -0.000    0.000   -0.733    0.464
##   T2 ~                                                
##     Sev_2            -2.827    0.358   -7.890    0.000
##   T3 ~                                                
##     Sev_3            -2.674    0.341   -7.843    0.000
##   T4 ~                                                
##     Sev_4            -2.717    0.361   -7.527    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##  .i ~~                                                
##    .s                -0.007    0.041   -0.173    0.863
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T3                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##    .i                 9.777    0.559   17.483    0.000
##    .s                 0.040    0.039    1.034    0.301
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.749    0.217    3.450    0.001
##    .T3                0.589    0.145    4.060    0.000
##    .T4               -0.048    0.410   -0.116    0.908
##    .i                 1.943    0.388    5.007    0.000
##    .s                 0.006    0.008    0.810    0.418

Table 14b Linear model fitted to PEDIATRIC cases, with Age as a time-invariant covariate and Severity as a time-varying covariate. The model does not perform significantly well.

## lavaan 0.6.16 did NOT end normally after 67 iterations
## ** WARNING ** Estimates below are most likely unreliable
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        13
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            85         159
##   Number of missing patterns                         8            
## 
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Standard
##   Information                                 Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T3                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T3                6.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
## 
## Regressions:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~                                                 
##     Age_1            -0.031       NA                  
##   s ~                                                 
##     Age_1             0.003       NA                  
##   T2 ~                                                
##     Sev_2             0.818       NA                  
##   T3 ~                                                
##     Sev_3             0.547       NA                  
##   T4 ~                                                
##     Sev_4             0.171       NA                  
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##  .i ~~                                                
##    .s                -0.132       NA                  
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T3                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##    .i                 1.418       NA                  
##    .s                 0.017       NA                  
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T2                0.411       NA                  
##    .T3                0.509       NA                  
##    .T4                0.002       NA                  
##    .i                 2.272       NA                  
##    .s                 0.013       NA

GOSE - Comparison

Table 15a Comparison of the linear and quadratic models, for ADULT cases.

## 
## Scaled Chi-Squared Difference Test (method = "satorra.bentler.2001")
## 
## lavaan NOTE:
##     The "Chisq" column contains standard test statistics, not the
##     robust test that should be reported per model. A robust difference
##     test is a function of two standard (not robust) statistics.
##  
##                   Df    AIC    BIC   Chisq Chisq diff Df diff Pr(>Chisq)    
## gose_adult_gc_lin  1 1481.0 1505.2  1.3046                                  
## gose_adult_gc_int  4 1494.9 1510.1 21.2485     41.543       3  5.016e-09 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Table 15b Comparison of the linear and quadratic models, for PEDIATRIC cases.

## 
## Scaled Chi-Squared Difference Test (method = "satorra.bentler.2001")
## 
## lavaan NOTE:
##     The "Chisq" column contains standard test statistics, not the
##     robust test that should be reported per model. A robust difference
##     test is a function of two standard (not robust) statistics.
##  
##                 Df    AIC    BIC  Chisq Chisq diff Df diff Pr(>Chisq)    
## gose_ped_gc_lin  1 710.50 728.38 24.514                                  
## gose_ped_gc_int  4 724.23 735.40 44.237      22.66       3  4.753e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Figure 9a Model-estimated plots for ADULT cases.

Figure 9b Model-estimated plots for PEDIATRIC cases.

PEDSQOL - Observed data

Figure 10 Group trajectories (observed data) for the PEDSQOL.

PEDSQOL - Linear model

Table 16 Linear model fitted to all PEDSQOL cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 127 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                         8
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            71         267
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                                 7.343       6.646
##   Degrees of freedom                                 1           1
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.007       0.010
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.105
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                2.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s               -45.348   24.374   -1.861    0.063
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                70.740    2.550   27.740    0.000
##     s                 3.829    1.131    3.386    0.001
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1               93.260   55.403    1.683    0.092
##    .T2              111.722   27.383    4.080    0.000
##    .T4              -22.125   51.716   -0.428    0.669
##     i               290.400   66.010    4.399    0.000
##     s                73.038   23.463    3.113    0.002

PEDSQOL - Quadratic model

Table 17 Quadratic model fitted to PEDSQOL cases. The model does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 117 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        12
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                            71         267
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                    NA
##   Degrees of freedom                                -3
##   P-value (Unknown)                                 NA
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                2.000                           
##   q =~                                                
##     T1                0.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                4.000                           
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~~                                                
##     s               110.510       NA                  
##     q               -53.140       NA                  
##   s ~~                                                
##     q                 4.479       NA                  
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##     i                69.456       NA                  
##     s                11.757       NA                  
##     q                -3.567       NA                  
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1              190.377       NA                  
##    .T2               55.100       NA                  
##    .T4               44.289       NA                  
##     i               191.634       NA                  
##     s                 1.547       NA                  
##     q                 3.015       NA

PEDSQOL - Covariate models

Table 18 Linear model fitted to ALL cases, with Age as a time-invariant covariate and Severity as a time-varying covariate. The model is significant, allowing the null to be rejected.

## lavaan 0.6.16 ended normally after 143 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                        13
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           107         267
##   Number of missing patterns                         7            
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                 0.703
##   Degrees of freedom                                 8
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           1.000
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Standard
##   Information                                 Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                1.000                           
##     T4                1.000                           
##   s =~                                                
##     T1                1.000                           
##     T2                3.000                           
##     T4               12.000                           
## 
## Regressions:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   i ~                                                 
##     Age_1            -0.169    0.088   -1.925    0.054
##   s ~                                                 
##     Age_1            -0.002    0.006   -0.375    0.708
##   T1 ~                                                
##     Sev_1           -47.735  920.788   -0.052    0.959
##   T2 ~                                                
##     Sev_2           -41.011   13.108   -3.129    0.002
##   T4 ~                                                
##     Sev_4           -51.188 4143.616   -0.012    0.990
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##  .i ~~                                                
##    .s               -10.346    4.054   -2.552    0.011
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1                0.000                           
##    .T2                0.000                           
##    .T4                0.000                           
##    .i               122.195 1381.150    0.088    0.930
##    .s                 1.366  460.390    0.003    0.998
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .T1              152.242   42.791    3.558    0.000
##    .T2               99.015   30.600    3.236    0.001
##    .T4             -323.975  163.531   -1.981    0.048
##    .i               257.720   53.174    4.847    0.000
##    .s                 4.560    1.708    2.669    0.008

CANTBI

Bhanu Sharma & Team

2023-12-19

GOSE

Descriptive tables

Boxplots

Group and individual trajectories

Status

PEDSQOL

Tables

Boxplots

Group trajectories

Correlations

Spearman - Adult (GOSExAGE)

Spearman - Pediatric (GOSExAGE)

Pearson - Adult (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Pearson - Pediatric (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Partial - Adult (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Partial - Pediatric (GOSExPEDSQOL)

Growth curves

GOSE - Observed data

GOSE - Intercept model

GOSE - Linear model

GOSE - Quadratic model

GOSE - Covariate models

GOSE - Comparison

PEDSQOL - Observed data

PEDSQOL - Linear model

PEDSQOL - Quadratic model

PEDSQOL - Covariate models

PEDSQOL - Comparison

Trajectory analysis

GOSE - Adult

GOSE - Pediatric

PEDSQOL