library(dplyr)
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(readxl)
library(openxlsx)
library(ggplot2)
BaseDel <- read_excel("Base de Datos Multivariante.xlsx", sheet = "Hoja1")
## Warning: Expecting numeric in F60809 / R60809C6: got '09
## '
names(BaseDel)
##  [1] "NOM_ENT"  "NOM_MUN"  "AP1_1"    "AP1_2"    "AP6_6_01" "AP6_6_02"
##  [7] "AP6_10_2" "AP6_15_2" "AP6_20_2" "AP6_6_03" "AP6_6_04"
BaseDel
## # A tibble: 90,383 × 11
##    NOM_ENT      NOM_MUN AP1_1 AP1_2 AP6_6_01 AP6_6_02 AP6_10_2 AP6_15_2 AP6_20_2
##    <chr>        <chr>   <chr> <chr>    <dbl>    <dbl>    <dbl>    <dbl>    <dbl>
##  1 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        0        0        0        0
##  2 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "1\r…        0        0        0        0        0
##  3 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        1        0        0        0
##  4 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        0        0        0        0
##  5 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        2        0        0        0
##  6 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        0        0        0        0
##  7 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        1        0        0        0
##  8 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        0        0        0        0
##  9 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        0        0        0        0
## 10 "AGUASCALIE… "AGUAS… "1\r… "2\r…        0        2        0        0        0
## # ℹ 90,373 more rows
## # ℹ 2 more variables: AP6_6_03 <chr>, AP6_6_04 <chr>
pob <- read_excel("Base de Datos Multivariante.xlsx", sheet = "Hoja2")
## New names:
## • `` -> `...1`
pob.est <- pob$Poblacion
viv.est <- pob$vivien
BASE_Lim <- BaseDel %>%
  select(NOM_ENT, NOM_MUN, AP1_1, AP1_2, AP6_6_01, AP6_6_02, AP6_10_2, AP6_15_2, AP6_20_2, AP6_6_03, AP6_6_04) %>%
  mutate( Estados = as.factor(NOM_ENT),
         #Mun = as.factor(NOM_MUN),
         Barrera_Fis = as.factor(AP1_2),
         Secuestro_Cuanti = as.numeric(AP6_6_01),
         Desap_Cuanti = as.numeric(AP6_6_02),
         Homi_Cuanti = as.numeric(AP6_10_2),
         Robo_Vehi_Total = as.numeric(AP6_15_2),
         Robo_Vehi_Acc = as.numeric(AP6_20_2))%>%
         
  select(Estados, Barrera_Fis, Secuestro_Cuanti, Desap_Cuanti, Homi_Cuanti, Robo_Vehi_Total, Robo_Vehi_Acc, AP6_6_03, AP6_6_04)


estado <- gsub("\r\n", "", BASE_Lim$Estados)
Barrera_fis <- gsub("\r\n", "", BASE_Lim$Barrera_Fis)
#Clas_viv <- gsub("\r\n", "", BASE_Lim$Clase_Viv, Clas_viv)
grafiti <- ifelse(is.na(BASE_Lim$AP6_6_03), "0", BASE_Lim$AP6_6_03)
entrar <- ifelse(is.na(BASE_Lim$AP6_6_04), "0", BASE_Lim$AP6_6_04)

df <- cbind(BASE_Lim, Barrera_fis, estado, grafiti, entrar)

df <- df %>%
  mutate(Barrera_fis = as.numeric(Barrera_fis))%>%
  mutate(Barrera_fis = ifelse(Barrera_fis == "2", "0", "1"))%>%
  mutate(Secuestro_Cuanti = as.numeric(Secuestro_Cuanti))%>%
  mutate(grafiti = as.numeric(grafiti)) %>%
  mutate(as.numeric(grafiti))%>%
  mutate(as.numeric(entrar))%>%
  select(estado, Barrera_fis, Secuestro_Cuanti, Desap_Cuanti, Homi_Cuanti, Robo_Vehi_Total, Robo_Vehi_Acc, grafiti, entrar)

df <- df %>%
  mutate(
    Barrera_fis = as.numeric(as.character(Barrera_fis)),
    Secuestro_Cuanti = as.numeric(as.character(Secuestro_Cuanti)),
    Desap_Cuanti = as.numeric(as.character(Desap_Cuanti)),
    Homi_Cuanti = as.numeric(as.character(Homi_Cuanti)),
    Robo_Vehi_Total = as.numeric(as.character(Robo_Vehi_Total)),
    Robo_Vehi_Acc = as.numeric(as.character(Robo_Vehi_Acc)),
    grafiti = as.numeric(as.character(grafiti)),
    entrar = as.numeric(as.character(entrar))
  )

base <- df %>%
  group_by(estado) %>%
  summarise(
    Barrera_fis = sum(Barrera_fis, na.rm = TRUE),
    Secuestro_Cuanti = sum(Secuestro_Cuanti, na.rm = TRUE),
    Desap_Cuanti = sum(Desap_Cuanti, na.rm = TRUE),
    Homi_Cuanti = sum(Homi_Cuanti, na.rm = TRUE),
    Robo_Vehi_Total = sum(Robo_Vehi_Total, na.rm = TRUE),
    Robo_Vehi_Acc = sum(Robo_Vehi_Acc, na.rm = TRUE),
    grafiti = sum(grafiti, na.rm = TRUE),
    entrar = sum(entrar, na.rm = TRUE)
  )

base
## # A tibble: 32 × 9
##    estado  Barrera_fis Secuestro_Cuanti Desap_Cuanti Homi_Cuanti Robo_Vehi_Total
##    <chr>         <dbl>            <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl>           <dbl>
##  1 AGUASC…         109               14          199           1               0
##  2 BAJA C…         234              104          170           9               2
##  3 BAJA C…         470               22          152           5               0
##  4 CAMPEC…         179                9           88           0               2
##  5 CHIAPAS         120               15           71           2               0
##  6 CHIHUA…         246               41          221           7               4
##  7 CIUDAD…        1416               77          672          10               3
##  8 COAHUI…          76               11          234           8               2
##  9 COLIMA          248               30          136           8               9
## 10 DURANGO          93               20          193           8              13
## # ℹ 22 more rows
## # ℹ 3 more variables: Robo_Vehi_Acc <dbl>, grafiti <dbl>, entrar <dbl>
library(psych)
## 
## Attaching package: 'psych'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:ggplot2':
## 
##     %+%, alpha
nombres <- base$estado
nombres
##  [1] "AGUASCALIENTES"                  "BAJA CALIFORNIA"                
##  [3] "BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR"             "CAMPECHE"                       
##  [5] "CHIAPAS"                         "CHIHUAHUA"                      
##  [7] "CIUDAD DE MEXICO"                "COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA"           
##  [9] "COLIMA"                          "DURANGO"                        
## [11] "ESTADO DE MEXICO"                "GUANAJUATO"                     
## [13] "GUERRERO"                        "HIDALGO"                        
## [15] "JALISCO"                         "MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO"            
## [17] "MORELOS"                         "NAYARIT"                        
## [19] "NUEVO LEON"                      "OAXACA"                         
## [21] "PUEBLA"                          "QUERETARO"                      
## [23] "QUINTANA ROO"                    "SAN LUIS POTOSI"                
## [25] "SINALOA"                         "SONORA"                         
## [27] "TABASCO"                         "TAMAULIPAS"                     
## [29] "TLAXCALA"                        "VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE"
## [31] "YUCATAN"                         "ZACATECAS"
base <- data.frame(base, row.names = nombres)
#base <- subset(base, select = -estado)
names(base)
## [1] "estado"           "Barrera_fis"      "Secuestro_Cuanti" "Desap_Cuanti"    
## [5] "Homi_Cuanti"      "Robo_Vehi_Total"  "Robo_Vehi_Acc"    "grafiti"         
## [9] "entrar"
base
##                                                          estado Barrera_fis
## AGUASCALIENTES                                   AGUASCALIENTES         109
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                                 BAJA CALIFORNIA         234
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR                         BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR         470
## CAMPECHE                                               CAMPECHE         179
## CHIAPAS                                                 CHIAPAS         120
## CHIHUAHUA                                             CHIHUAHUA         246
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                               CIUDAD DE MEXICO        1416
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA                       COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA          76
## COLIMA                                                   COLIMA         248
## DURANGO                                                 DURANGO          93
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                               ESTADO DE MEXICO         413
## GUANAJUATO                                           GUANAJUATO         123
## GUERRERO                                               GUERRERO         159
## HIDALGO                                                 HIDALGO         250
## JALISCO                                                 JALISCO         285
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO                         MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO         245
## MORELOS                                                 MORELOS         339
## NAYARIT                                                 NAYARIT          43
## NUEVO LEON                                           NUEVO LEON         199
## OAXACA                                                   OAXACA         109
## PUEBLA                                                   PUEBLA         416
## QUERETARO                                             QUERETARO         330
## QUINTANA ROO                                       QUINTANA ROO         543
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                                 SAN LUIS POTOSI          85
## SINALOA                                                 SINALOA         134
## SONORA                                                   SONORA          50
## TABASCO                                                 TABASCO          85
## TAMAULIPAS                                           TAMAULIPAS         306
## TLAXCALA                                               TLAXCALA         122
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE         441
## YUCATAN                                                 YUCATAN         176
## ZACATECAS                                             ZACATECAS          17
##                                 Secuestro_Cuanti Desap_Cuanti Homi_Cuanti
## AGUASCALIENTES                                14          199           1
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                              104          170           9
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR                           22          152           5
## CAMPECHE                                       9           88           0
## CHIAPAS                                       15           71           2
## CHIHUAHUA                                     41          221           7
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                              77          672          10
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA                          11          234           8
## COLIMA                                        30          136           8
## DURANGO                                       20          193           8
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                              53          149          11
## GUANAJUATO                                    23          125           4
## GUERRERO                                      22           63           1
## HIDALGO                                       32          116           8
## JALISCO                                       43          240           6
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO                           35          113          12
## MORELOS                                       37          140           9
## NAYARIT                                        7           69           1
## NUEVO LEON                                    12          224           5
## OAXACA                                        13           41           2
## PUEBLA                                        55          235           6
## QUERETARO                                     43          217           9
## QUINTANA ROO                                  24          170           2
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                               27           76           1
## SINALOA                                       25          137           5
## SONORA                                        18          133           5
## TABASCO                                       22          104           8
## TAMAULIPAS                                    23          131          15
## TLAXCALA                                      34          138           4
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE               13          106           6
## YUCATAN                                        5           90           2
## ZACATECAS                                      7          109           5
##                                 Robo_Vehi_Total Robo_Vehi_Acc grafiti entrar
## AGUASCALIENTES                                0             0     126    104
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                               2             3     120    104
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR                           0             0      86    132
## CAMPECHE                                      2             0      58    179
## CHIAPAS                                       0             2      70    142
## CHIHUAHUA                                     4            10     141    145
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                              3             2     473    172
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA                          2             0     218    207
## COLIMA                                        9             8     125    183
## DURANGO                                      13             8     178    179
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                              4             2     129     88
## GUANAJUATO                                    5             3     152    123
## GUERRERO                                      6             9      68     67
## HIDALGO                                       3             2      84    101
## JALISCO                                      11             2     141     98
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO                           6             5     121    139
## MORELOS                                       4             9     140    110
## NAYARIT                                       1             1      68     95
## NUEVO LEON                                    3             2     149    128
## OAXACA                                        2             0      77    108
## PUEBLA                                        1             2     220    128
## QUERETARO                                     4             0     292    144
## QUINTANA ROO                                  0             0     102    172
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                               0             2      96     76
## SINALOA                                       6             4     121    130
## SONORA                                        1             5      87    108
## TABASCO                                       0             5      67    148
## TAMAULIPAS                                    6             2      92    139
## TLAXCALA                                      0             1     127    145
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE               1             1      79    121
## YUCATAN                                       3             1     121    147
## ZACATECAS                                     6             4      79     68
bar.fis <- base$Barrera_fis
bar.fis.est <- (bar.fis/viv.est)*100000
bar.fis.est
##  [1]  28.205825  20.367077 195.452202  68.654713  13.320265 108.440267
##  [7] 104.809467   6.629478   8.997507  18.837427  26.031638  13.056729
## [13]  18.549326  10.726364   6.238187  19.071431  60.463482  11.902455
## [19]  12.022310   9.681213  24.279480  49.365208  94.354540  10.972584
## [25]  15.675888   5.705594  12.699779  28.621643  35.716691  18.446279
## [31]  26.744266   3.840740
sec <- base$Secuestro_Cuanti 
sec.est <- (sec/pob.est)*100000

desap <- base$Desap_Cuanti
desap.est  <- (desap/pob.est)*100000

homi <- base$Homi_Cuanti
homi.est <- (homi/pob.est)*100000

robo.tot <- base$Robo_Vehi_Total
robo.tot.est <- (robo.tot/pob.est)*100000

robo.acc <- base$Robo_Vehi_Acc
robo.acc.est <- (robo.acc/pob.est)*100000

grafiti <- base$grafiti
grafiti.est <- (grafiti/pob.est)*100000

entrar <- base$entrar
entrar.est <- (entrar/pob.est)*100000


base.final <- data.frame(bar.fis.est, row.names = nombres)
base.final <- cbind(bar.fis.est, sec.est, desap.est, homi.est, robo.tot.est, robo.acc.est,  grafiti.est, entrar.est)
base.final <- data.frame(base.final, row.names = nombres)
base.final
##                                 bar.fis.est   sec.est desap.est   homi.est
## AGUASCALIENTES                    28.205825 0.9820378 13.958966 0.07014556
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                   20.367077 2.7593380  4.510456 0.23878886
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR              195.452202 2.7553488 19.036955 0.62621564
## CAMPECHE                          68.654713 0.9694484  9.479051 0.00000000
## CHIAPAS                           13.320265 0.4766791  2.256281 0.06355721
## CHIHUAHUA                        108.440267 5.6057567 30.216396 0.95708041
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                 104.809467 1.3889320 12.121588 0.18038078
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA               6.629478 0.2939707  6.253559 0.21379690
## COLIMA                             8.997507 0.3257349  1.476665 0.08686263
## DURANGO                           18.837427 1.0913159 10.531198 0.43652634
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                  26.031638 0.8594222  2.416111 0.17837065
## GUANAJUATO                        13.056729 0.6495918  3.530390 0.11297249
## GUERRERO                          18.549326 0.7136275  2.043570 0.03243761
## HIDALGO                           10.726364 0.3833184  1.389529 0.09582960
## JALISCO                            6.238187 0.2530540  1.412395 0.03530987
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO               19.071431 0.7370212  2.379525 0.25269297
## MORELOS                           60.463482 1.8767246  7.101120 0.45650057
## NAYARIT                           11.902455 0.5665924  5.584982 0.08094177
## NUEVO LEON                        12.022310 0.2074530  3.872456 0.08643876
## OAXACA                             9.681213 0.3146064  0.992220 0.04840098
## PUEBLA                            24.279480 0.8354501  3.569650 0.09114001
## QUERETARO                         49.365208 1.8155203  9.162044 0.37999263
## QUINTANA ROO                      94.354540 1.2917219  9.149697 0.10764350
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                   10.972584 0.9566818  2.692882 0.03543266
## SINALOA                           15.675888 0.8259158  4.526018 0.16518316
## SONORA                             5.705594 0.6112386  4.516374 0.16978851
## TABASCO                           12.699779 0.9156754  4.328648 0.33297289
## TAMAULIPAS                        28.621643 0.6519764  3.713431 0.42520201
## TLAXCALA                          35.716691 2.5316889 10.275679 0.29784576
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE   18.446279 0.1612387  1.314716 0.07441788
## YUCATAN                           26.744266 0.2154339  3.877809 0.08617354
## ZACATECAS                          3.840740 0.4315293  6.719527 0.30823518
##                                 robo.tot.est robo.acc.est grafiti.est
## AGUASCALIENTES                    0.00000000   0.00000000   8.8383404
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                   0.05306419   0.07959629   3.1838515
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR               0.00000000   0.00000000  10.7709090
## CAMPECHE                          0.21543297   0.00000000   6.2475562
## CHIAPAS                           0.00000000   0.06355721   2.2245025
## CHIHUAHUA                         0.54690309   1.36725773  19.2783340
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                  0.05411423   0.03607616   8.5320107
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA              0.05344923   0.00000000   5.8259656
## COLIMA                            0.09772046   0.08686263   1.3572287
## DURANGO                           0.70935531   0.43652634   9.7127111
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                  0.06486205   0.03243103   2.0918012
## GUANAJUATO                        0.14121561   0.08472937   4.2929546
## GUERRERO                          0.19462567   0.29193851   2.2057576
## HIDALGO                           0.03593610   0.02395740   1.0062108
## JALISCO                           0.06473475   0.01176996   0.8297818
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO               0.12634649   0.10528874   2.5479874
## MORELOS                           0.20288914   0.45650057   7.1011199
## NAYARIT                           0.08094177   0.08094177   5.5040406
## NUEVO LEON                        0.05186326   0.03457550   2.5758751
## OAXACA                            0.04840098   0.00000000   1.8634376
## PUEBLA                            0.01519000   0.03038000   3.3418002
## QUERETARO                         0.16888561   0.00000000  12.3286497
## QUINTANA ROO                      0.00000000   0.00000000   5.4898183
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                   0.00000000   0.07086532   3.4015353
## SINALOA                           0.19821979   0.13214653   3.9974324
## SONORA                            0.03395770   0.16978851   2.9543201
## TABASCO                           0.00000000   0.20810806   2.7886480
## TAMAULIPAS                        0.17008080   0.05669360   2.6079056
## TLAXCALA                          0.00000000   0.07446144   9.4566028
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE   0.01240298   0.01240298   0.9798354
## YUCATAN                           0.12926031   0.04308677   5.2134993
## ZACATECAS                         0.36988222   0.24658814   4.8701159
##                                 entrar.est
## AGUASCALIENTES                   7.2951381
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                  2.7593380
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR             16.5320929
## CAMPECHE                        19.2812510
## CHIAPAS                          4.5125622
## CHIHUAHUA                       19.8252371
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                 3.1025494
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA             5.5319948
## COLIMA                           1.9869828
## DURANGO                          9.7672769
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                 1.4269652
## GUANAJUATO                       3.4739041
## GUERRERO                         2.1733200
## HIDALGO                          1.2098487
## JALISCO                          0.5767278
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO              2.9270269
## MORELOS                          5.5794514
## NAYARIT                          7.6894685
## NUEVO LEON                       2.2128323
## OAXACA                           2.6136528
## PUEBLA                           1.9443201
## QUERETARO                        6.0798821
## QUINTANA ROO                     9.2573406
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                  2.6928821
## SINALOA                          4.2947621
## SONORA                           3.6674318
## TABASCO                          6.1599985
## TAMAULIPAS                       3.9402053
## TLAXCALA                        10.7969087
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE  1.5007605
## YUCATAN                          6.3337553
## ZACATECAS                        4.1919985
# "Barrera_fis"      "Secuestro_Cuanti" "Desap_Cuanti"     "Homi_Cuanti"      "Robo_Vehi_Total" 
# [6] "Robo_Vehi_Acc"    "grafiti"          "entrar"  
var(base.final)
##               bar.fis.est     sec.est   desap.est   homi.est robo.tot.est
## bar.fis.est  1675.5821395 28.46310762 184.4158292 4.65574712   0.37271574
## sec.est        28.4631076  1.19201845   5.5405142 0.17806379   0.05968055
## desap.est     184.4158292  5.54051417  36.6840633 0.93739554   0.41314699
## homi.est        4.6557471  0.17806379   0.9373955 0.04164196   0.01768260
## robo.tot.est    0.3727157  0.05968055   0.4131470 0.01768260   0.02561724
## robo.acc.est    2.3221520  0.19478721   0.9806379 0.03773644   0.02869348
## grafiti.est   104.8145292  3.52859405  22.7418270 0.61108628   0.31916912
## entrar.est    136.4594207  3.55357307  24.5654248 0.57177235   0.30685518
##              robo.acc.est grafiti.est  entrar.est
## bar.fis.est    2.32215202 104.8145292 136.4594207
## sec.est        0.19478721   3.5285940   3.5535731
## desap.est      0.98063793  22.7418270  24.5654248
## homi.est       0.03773644   0.6110863   0.5717724
## robo.tot.est   0.02869348   0.3191691   0.3068552
## robo.acc.est   0.06473568   0.6186994   0.5739626
## grafiti.est    0.61869941  16.1412796  15.2411628
## entrar.est     0.57396263  15.2411628  24.4527741
cor.mat <- cor(base.final)
KMO(cor.mat)
## Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin factor adequacy
## Call: KMO(r = cor.mat)
## Overall MSA =  0.78
## MSA for each item = 
##  bar.fis.est      sec.est    desap.est     homi.est robo.tot.est robo.acc.est 
##         0.76         0.82         0.77         0.91         0.61         0.67 
##  grafiti.est   entrar.est 
##         0.77         0.91
pca = prcomp(base.final, scale = TRUE)
pca$center
##  bar.fis.est      sec.est    desap.est     homi.est robo.tot.est robo.acc.est 
##   33.9962517    1.0766889    6.3878091    0.2102274    0.1199917    0.1323916 
##  grafiti.est   entrar.est 
##    5.1068919    5.6668083
pca$scale
##  bar.fis.est      sec.est    desap.est     homi.est robo.tot.est robo.acc.est 
##   40.9338752    1.0917960    6.0567370    0.2040636    0.1600539    0.2544321 
##  grafiti.est   entrar.est 
##    4.0176211    4.9449746
pca$x
##                                        PC1         PC2         PC3         PC4
## AGUASCALIENTES                   0.3079435 -1.04826727 -0.51669941 -1.01607512
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                 -0.1503233 -0.07035872  1.31954163 -0.37800848
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR              4.3874282 -3.57565566  0.05408373  1.34940506
## CAMPECHE                         1.1020053 -1.15051331 -2.51162679 -0.55509737
## CHIAPAS                         -1.5556187 -0.17317540  0.04871195 -0.36418412
## CHIHUAHUA                        9.7972929  1.68385839  0.90094686 -0.84732788
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                 0.8977090 -1.49319754  0.24470336  0.57911676
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA            -0.6931607 -0.09577823 -0.26977398 -0.19428429
## COLIMA                          -1.7358264  0.47985009  0.09934363  0.08970884
## DURANGO                          2.6397799  2.84425515 -1.66503766  0.84716257
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                -1.2776420  0.03674240  0.55357480  0.34290318
## GUANAJUATO                      -0.9433302  0.41880726 -0.15409517 -0.05849885
## GUERRERO                        -1.0786903  1.01731849  0.03145992 -0.06454346
## HIDALGO                         -1.9587592  0.14296436  0.35696444  0.10053696
## JALISCO                         -2.1815011  0.29276339  0.16955050  0.05550209
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO             -0.8972696  0.48569701  0.35442393  0.42352748
## MORELOS                          1.7160858  0.63287695  0.82730390  0.48301818
## NAYARIT                         -0.5785550 -0.08196105 -0.62911074 -0.62281013
## NUEVO LEON                      -1.5953903  0.08031593  0.02562127 -0.02931066
## OAXACA                          -1.9313760  0.06868622 -0.01103780 -0.06445621
## PUEBLA                          -1.3000813 -0.26511020  0.40224989 -0.11984354
## QUERETARO                        1.5239974 -0.41334515 -0.01366737  0.21824709
## QUINTANA ROO                     0.4589256 -1.81869141 -0.36384706  0.07244839
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                 -1.4294389 -0.13060257  0.36071901 -0.56788480
## SINALOA                         -0.5200142  0.66026464 -0.19522562  0.07981479
## SONORA                          -1.0151111  0.28248777  0.36173648 -0.32869872
## TABASCO                         -0.4103616  0.10910048  0.66108155 -0.17686219
## TAMAULIPAS                      -0.3662215  0.47653040  0.32797007  1.04630081
## TLAXCALA                         1.4871151 -1.04370184  0.25943916 -1.00336789
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE -2.0575566 -0.08020590  0.24917516  0.15901711
## YUCATAN                         -0.7980851 -0.02247019 -0.76162110 -0.01825418
## ZACATECAS                        0.1560303  1.75051550 -0.51685854  0.56279861
##                                          PC5         PC6         PC7
## AGUASCALIENTES                   0.947538084  0.26347794  0.47712747
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                 -0.067011041 -0.22326864 -1.14076714
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR             -0.357009548 -0.27838154  0.11170081
## CAMPECHE                        -0.995820198 -0.18675003 -0.39280995
## CHIAPAS                         -0.345900989 -0.06880951  0.14200716
## CHIHUAHUA                       -0.418158276  0.31087017  0.26984869
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                 0.690176120  1.17768563  0.07035962
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA             0.562438207 -0.52288719  0.49818904
## COLIMA                          -0.255896721  0.13193642  0.02588393
## DURANGO                          0.406559729 -0.03434378 -0.31542106
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                -0.068394246  0.02489487 -0.18752020
## GUANAJUATO                       0.166468594  0.11890453 -0.11119810
## GUERRERO                        -0.532116604  0.78488485 -0.16738192
## HIDALGO                         -0.170442523  0.04161192  0.03055168
## JALISCO                         -0.099706209  0.24912640 -0.03234757
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO             -0.152903113 -0.25507759 -0.03967928
## MORELOS                         -0.269335673  0.10155525  0.08811746
## NAYARIT                          0.051224707 -0.15469252  0.18383251
## NUEVO LEON                       0.083873981  0.14028723  0.28253828
## OAXACA                          -0.131391649  0.02746126 -0.05405246
## PUEBLA                           0.108828238  0.23869703 -0.07579870
## QUERETARO                        1.461945803 -0.30421460 -0.38999524
## QUINTANA ROO                    -0.418639887  0.45517831 -0.06604190
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                  0.001656935  0.20162364 -0.16161944
## SINALOA                          0.005960025  0.05812689 -0.17076248
## SONORA                          -0.145329505 -0.13401121  0.40547538
## TABASCO                         -0.484055406 -0.78759342  0.50760026
## TAMAULIPAS                      -0.080560717 -0.74754219  0.11182633
## TLAXCALA                         0.413952542 -0.72324744 -0.40075268
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE -0.236316354  0.12618693  0.17883764
## YUCATAN                          0.068319952  0.05220499  0.13395856
## ZACATECAS                        0.260045744 -0.08389458  0.18829330
##                                           PC8
## AGUASCALIENTES                   0.4209736539
## BAJA CALIFORNIA                  0.3565829107
## BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR              0.1039812681
## CAMPECHE                         0.0022712478
## CHIAPAS                         -0.1183494237
## CHIHUAHUA                        0.0492077602
## CIUDAD DE MEXICO                 0.0384529249
## COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA             0.0002291421
## COLIMA                           0.0198634752
## DURANGO                          0.1038952331
## ESTADO DE MEXICO                 0.0704664415
## GUANAJUATO                      -0.0902241720
## GUERRERO                        -0.1638044875
## HIDALGO                          0.0832294766
## JALISCO                          0.1606214009
## MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO             -0.0236733852
## MORELOS                         -0.4573623277
## NAYARIT                         -0.1435335268
## NUEVO LEON                       0.1282396751
## OAXACA                          -0.0785854435
## PUEBLA                          -0.0143271121
## QUERETARO                       -0.4239946633
## QUINTANA ROO                    -0.0096386790
## SAN LUIS POTOSI                 -0.1302288474
## SINALOA                          0.0706468012
## SONORA                           0.0509752357
## TABASCO                         -0.0494176080
## TAMAULIPAS                       0.1651298935
## TLAXCALA                        -0.0809395163
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE -0.0016492303
## YUCATAN                         -0.3118127099
## ZACATECAS                        0.2727745923
pca$rotation
##                    PC1         PC2          PC3        PC4         PC5
## bar.fis.est  0.3029592 -0.53526850 -0.005316398  0.5598625 -0.26499951
## sec.est      0.3855349 -0.07503494  0.451098630 -0.3018993 -0.06820161
## desap.est    0.4094635 -0.15212682 -0.078915115 -0.1659829  0.22439912
## homi.est     0.3750630  0.12860869  0.386789241  0.4877238  0.08093618
## robo.tot.est 0.2472372  0.62548432 -0.471912359  0.3799845  0.04502860
## robo.acc.est 0.3277219  0.47370639  0.275588959 -0.2615025 -0.42831515
## grafiti.est  0.3979486 -0.06968116 -0.148963917 -0.1924180  0.68923880
## entrar.est   0.3526400 -0.21838219 -0.565515210 -0.2831775 -0.45572645
##                      PC6          PC7         PC8
## bar.fis.est   0.44879508 -0.037599991 -0.18754604
## sec.est      -0.01247952 -0.726661297  0.13511331
## desap.est     0.21946397  0.365175411  0.73725620
## homi.est     -0.62898521  0.229787244  0.01821959
## robo.tot.est  0.15686662 -0.363894311  0.14662820
## robo.acc.est  0.33754756  0.387799241 -0.27583930
## grafiti.est   0.06931086  0.038720707 -0.54425460
## entrar.est   -0.45966392  0.009366289 -0.09429745
factanal(base.final, factors = 1)
## 
## Call:
## factanal(x = base.final, factors = 1)
## 
## Uniquenesses:
##  bar.fis.est      sec.est    desap.est     homi.est robo.tot.est robo.acc.est 
##        0.463        0.267        0.026        0.385        0.793        0.571 
##  grafiti.est   entrar.est 
##        0.108        0.325 
## 
## Loadings:
##              Factor1
## bar.fis.est  0.733  
## sec.est      0.856  
## desap.est    0.987  
## homi.est     0.784  
## robo.tot.est 0.455  
## robo.acc.est 0.655  
## grafiti.est  0.945  
## entrar.est   0.822  
## 
##                Factor1
## SS loadings      5.063
## Proportion Var   0.633
## 
## Test of the hypothesis that 1 factor is sufficient.
## The chi square statistic is 56.79 on 20 degrees of freedom.
## The p-value is 2.21e-05
pca_indice = pca$x[,1]
pca_indice
##                  AGUASCALIENTES                 BAJA CALIFORNIA 
##                       0.3079435                      -0.1503233 
##             BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR                        CAMPECHE 
##                       4.3874282                       1.1020053 
##                         CHIAPAS                       CHIHUAHUA 
##                      -1.5556187                       9.7972929 
##                CIUDAD DE MEXICO            COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA 
##                       0.8977090                      -0.6931607 
##                          COLIMA                         DURANGO 
##                      -1.7358264                       2.6397799 
##                ESTADO DE MEXICO                      GUANAJUATO 
##                      -1.2776420                      -0.9433302 
##                        GUERRERO                         HIDALGO 
##                      -1.0786903                      -1.9587592 
##                         JALISCO             MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO 
##                      -2.1815011                      -0.8972696 
##                         MORELOS                         NAYARIT 
##                       1.7160858                      -0.5785550 
##                      NUEVO LEON                          OAXACA 
##                      -1.5953903                      -1.9313760 
##                          PUEBLA                       QUERETARO 
##                      -1.3000813                       1.5239974 
##                    QUINTANA ROO                 SAN LUIS POTOSI 
##                       0.4589256                      -1.4294389 
##                         SINALOA                          SONORA 
##                      -0.5200142                      -1.0151111 
##                         TABASCO                      TAMAULIPAS 
##                      -0.4103616                      -0.3662215 
##                        TLAXCALA VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE 
##                       1.4871151                      -2.0575566 
##                         YUCATAN                       ZACATECAS 
##                      -0.7980851                       0.1560303
pca_indice<-(pca$x[,1]-min(pca$x[,1]))/(max(pca$x[,1])-min(pca$x[,1]))*100
pca_indice
##                  AGUASCALIENTES                 BAJA CALIFORNIA 
##                       20.782097                       16.956446 
##             BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR                        CAMPECHE 
##                       54.837986                       27.410993 
##                         CHIAPAS                       CHIHUAHUA 
##                        5.224920                      100.000000 
##                CIUDAD DE MEXICO            COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA 
##                       25.705510                       12.424794 
##                          COLIMA                         DURANGO 
##                        3.720531                       40.248468 
##                ESTADO DE MEXICO                      GUANAJUATO 
##                        7.545494                       10.336358 
##                        GUERRERO                         HIDALGO 
##                        9.206360                        1.859469 
##                         JALISCO             MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO 
##                        0.000000                       10.720875 
##                         MORELOS                         NAYARIT 
##                       32.537390                       13.381531 
##                      NUEVO LEON                          OAXACA 
##                        4.892904                        2.088066 
##                          PUEBLA                       QUERETARO 
##                        7.358168                       30.933819 
##                    QUINTANA ROO                 SAN LUIS POTOSI 
##                       22.042509                        6.278280 
##                         SINALOA                          SONORA 
##                       13.870236                        9.737124 
##                         TABASCO                      TAMAULIPAS 
##                       14.785625                       15.154110 
##                        TLAXCALA VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE 
##                       30.625923                        1.034699 
##                         YUCATAN                       ZACATECAS 
##                       11.548875                       19.513913
a <- sort(pca_indice, decreasing = TRUE)
a
##                       CHIHUAHUA             BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR 
##                      100.000000                       54.837986 
##                         DURANGO                         MORELOS 
##                       40.248468                       32.537390 
##                       QUERETARO                        TLAXCALA 
##                       30.933819                       30.625923 
##                        CAMPECHE                CIUDAD DE MEXICO 
##                       27.410993                       25.705510 
##                    QUINTANA ROO                  AGUASCALIENTES 
##                       22.042509                       20.782097 
##                       ZACATECAS                 BAJA CALIFORNIA 
##                       19.513913                       16.956446 
##                      TAMAULIPAS                         TABASCO 
##                       15.154110                       14.785625 
##                         SINALOA                         NAYARIT 
##                       13.870236                       13.381531 
##            COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA                         YUCATAN 
##                       12.424794                       11.548875 
##             MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO                      GUANAJUATO 
##                       10.720875                       10.336358 
##                          SONORA                        GUERRERO 
##                        9.737124                        9.206360 
##                ESTADO DE MEXICO                          PUEBLA 
##                        7.545494                        7.358168 
##                 SAN LUIS POTOSI                         CHIAPAS 
##                        6.278280                        5.224920 
##                      NUEVO LEON                          COLIMA 
##                        4.892904                        3.720531 
##                          OAXACA                         HIDALGO 
##                        2.088066                        1.859469 
## VERACRUZ DE IGNACIO DE LA LLAVE                         JALISCO 
##                        1.034699                        0.000000