library(tidyverse)
## Warning: package 'tidyverse' was built under R version 4.3.2
## Warning: package 'lubridate' was built under R version 4.3.2
## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.1.3     ✔ readr     2.1.4
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.0
## ✔ ggplot2   3.4.4     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.3     ✔ tidyr     1.3.0
## ✔ purrr     1.0.2     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
library(datasets)
data(iris)
iris <- tibble::as.tibble(iris)
## Warning: `as.tibble()` was deprecated in tibble 2.0.0.
## ℹ Please use `as_tibble()` instead.
## ℹ The signature and semantics have changed, see `?as_tibble`.
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.
class(iris)
## [1] "tbl_df"     "tbl"        "data.frame"
head(iris)
## # A tibble: 6 × 5
##   Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
##          <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl> <fct>  
## 1          5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2 setosa 
## 2          4.9         3            1.4         0.2 setosa 
## 3          4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa 
## 4          4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2 setosa 
## 5          5           3.6          1.4         0.2 setosa 
## 6          5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4 setosa
glimpse(iris) 
## Rows: 150
## Columns: 5
## $ Sepal.Length <dbl> 5.1, 4.9, 4.7, 4.6, 5.0, 5.4, 4.6, 5.0, 4.4, 4.9, 5.4, 4.…
## $ Sepal.Width  <dbl> 3.5, 3.0, 3.2, 3.1, 3.6, 3.9, 3.4, 3.4, 2.9, 3.1, 3.7, 3.…
## $ Petal.Length <dbl> 1.4, 1.4, 1.3, 1.5, 1.4, 1.7, 1.4, 1.5, 1.4, 1.5, 1.5, 1.…
## $ Petal.Width  <dbl> 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, 0.1, 0.2, 0.…
## $ Species      <fct> setosa, setosa, setosa, setosa, setosa, setosa, setosa, s…
mean(iris$Sepal.Length)
## [1] 5.843333
mean(iris$Sepal.Length) == iris$Sepal.Length %>% mean ()
## [1] TRUE
x <- c(0.109, 0.359, 0.63, 0.996, 0.515, 0.142, 0.017, 0.829, 0.907)
x
## [1] 0.109 0.359 0.630 0.996 0.515 0.142 0.017 0.829 0.907
round(exp(diff(log(x))),1)
## [1]  3.3  1.8  1.6  0.5  0.3  0.1 48.8  1.1
x %>% log() %>%
  diff() %>%
  exp() %>%
  round(1)
## [1]  3.3  1.8  1.6  0.5  0.3  0.1 48.8  1.1
#summarize dplyr
## Menghitung rata-rata  
iris %>% group_by(Species) %>% summarize(mean=mean(Sepal.Length))
## # A tibble: 3 × 2
##   Species     mean
##   <fct>      <dbl>
## 1 setosa      5.01
## 2 versicolor  5.94
## 3 virginica   6.59
## Mengurutkan berdasarkan peubah Sepal.Length dari nilai terkecil
iris %>% arrange(Sepal.Length)
## # A tibble: 150 × 5
##    Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
##           <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl> <fct>  
##  1          4.3         3            1.1         0.1 setosa 
##  2          4.4         2.9          1.4         0.2 setosa 
##  3          4.4         3            1.3         0.2 setosa 
##  4          4.4         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa 
##  5          4.5         2.3          1.3         0.3 setosa 
##  6          4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2 setosa 
##  7          4.6         3.4          1.4         0.3 setosa 
##  8          4.6         3.6          1           0.2 setosa 
##  9          4.6         3.2          1.4         0.2 setosa 
## 10          4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa 
## # ℹ 140 more rows
## Mengurutkan berdasarkan peubah Sepal.leght dari nilai terbesar
iris %>% arrange(desc(Sepal.Length)) %>%
print(n=150)
## # A tibble: 150 × 5
##     Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species   
##            <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl> <fct>     
##   1          7.9         3.8          6.4         2   virginica 
##   2          7.7         3.8          6.7         2.2 virginica 
##   3          7.7         2.6          6.9         2.3 virginica 
##   4          7.7         2.8          6.7         2   virginica 
##   5          7.7         3            6.1         2.3 virginica 
##   6          7.6         3            6.6         2.1 virginica 
##   7          7.4         2.8          6.1         1.9 virginica 
##   8          7.3         2.9          6.3         1.8 virginica 
##   9          7.2         3.6          6.1         2.5 virginica 
##  10          7.2         3.2          6           1.8 virginica 
##  11          7.2         3            5.8         1.6 virginica 
##  12          7.1         3            5.9         2.1 virginica 
##  13          7           3.2          4.7         1.4 versicolor
##  14          6.9         3.1          4.9         1.5 versicolor
##  15          6.9         3.2          5.7         2.3 virginica 
##  16          6.9         3.1          5.4         2.1 virginica 
##  17          6.9         3.1          5.1         2.3 virginica 
##  18          6.8         2.8          4.8         1.4 versicolor
##  19          6.8         3            5.5         2.1 virginica 
##  20          6.8         3.2          5.9         2.3 virginica 
##  21          6.7         3.1          4.4         1.4 versicolor
##  22          6.7         3            5           1.7 versicolor
##  23          6.7         3.1          4.7         1.5 versicolor
##  24          6.7         2.5          5.8         1.8 virginica 
##  25          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.1 virginica 
##  26          6.7         3.1          5.6         2.4 virginica 
##  27          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.5 virginica 
##  28          6.7         3            5.2         2.3 virginica 
##  29          6.6         2.9          4.6         1.3 versicolor
##  30          6.6         3            4.4         1.4 versicolor
##  31          6.5         2.8          4.6         1.5 versicolor
##  32          6.5         3            5.8         2.2 virginica 
##  33          6.5         3.2          5.1         2   virginica 
##  34          6.5         3            5.5         1.8 virginica 
##  35          6.5         3            5.2         2   virginica 
##  36          6.4         3.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor
##  37          6.4         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor
##  38          6.4         2.7          5.3         1.9 virginica 
##  39          6.4         3.2          5.3         2.3 virginica 
##  40          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.1 virginica 
##  41          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.2 virginica 
##  42          6.4         3.1          5.5         1.8 virginica 
##  43          6.3         3.3          4.7         1.6 versicolor
##  44          6.3         2.5          4.9         1.5 versicolor
##  45          6.3         2.3          4.4         1.3 versicolor
##  46          6.3         3.3          6           2.5 virginica 
##  47          6.3         2.9          5.6         1.8 virginica 
##  48          6.3         2.7          4.9         1.8 virginica 
##  49          6.3         2.8          5.1         1.5 virginica 
##  50          6.3         3.4          5.6         2.4 virginica 
##  51          6.3         2.5          5           1.9 virginica 
##  52          6.2         2.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor
##  53          6.2         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor
##  54          6.2         2.8          4.8         1.8 virginica 
##  55          6.2         3.4          5.4         2.3 virginica 
##  56          6.1         2.9          4.7         1.4 versicolor
##  57          6.1         2.8          4           1.3 versicolor
##  58          6.1         2.8          4.7         1.2 versicolor
##  59          6.1         3            4.6         1.4 versicolor
##  60          6.1         3            4.9         1.8 virginica 
##  61          6.1         2.6          5.6         1.4 virginica 
##  62          6           2.2          4           1   versicolor
##  63          6           2.9          4.5         1.5 versicolor
##  64          6           2.7          5.1         1.6 versicolor
##  65          6           3.4          4.5         1.6 versicolor
##  66          6           2.2          5           1.5 virginica 
##  67          6           3            4.8         1.8 virginica 
##  68          5.9         3            4.2         1.5 versicolor
##  69          5.9         3.2          4.8         1.8 versicolor
##  70          5.9         3            5.1         1.8 virginica 
##  71          5.8         4            1.2         0.2 setosa    
##  72          5.8         2.7          4.1         1   versicolor
##  73          5.8         2.7          3.9         1.2 versicolor
##  74          5.8         2.6          4           1.2 versicolor
##  75          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9 virginica 
##  76          5.8         2.8          5.1         2.4 virginica 
##  77          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9 virginica 
##  78          5.7         4.4          1.5         0.4 setosa    
##  79          5.7         3.8          1.7         0.3 setosa    
##  80          5.7         2.8          4.5         1.3 versicolor
##  81          5.7         2.6          3.5         1   versicolor
##  82          5.7         3            4.2         1.2 versicolor
##  83          5.7         2.9          4.2         1.3 versicolor
##  84          5.7         2.8          4.1         1.3 versicolor
##  85          5.7         2.5          5           2   virginica 
##  86          5.6         2.9          3.6         1.3 versicolor
##  87          5.6         3            4.5         1.5 versicolor
##  88          5.6         2.5          3.9         1.1 versicolor
##  89          5.6         3            4.1         1.3 versicolor
##  90          5.6         2.7          4.2         1.3 versicolor
##  91          5.6         2.8          4.9         2   virginica 
##  92          5.5         4.2          1.4         0.2 setosa    
##  93          5.5         3.5          1.3         0.2 setosa    
##  94          5.5         2.3          4           1.3 versicolor
##  95          5.5         2.4          3.8         1.1 versicolor
##  96          5.5         2.4          3.7         1   versicolor
##  97          5.5         2.5          4           1.3 versicolor
##  98          5.5         2.6          4.4         1.2 versicolor
##  99          5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4 setosa    
## 100          5.4         3.7          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 101          5.4         3.9          1.3         0.4 setosa    
## 102          5.4         3.4          1.7         0.2 setosa    
## 103          5.4         3.4          1.5         0.4 setosa    
## 104          5.4         3            4.5         1.5 versicolor
## 105          5.3         3.7          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 106          5.2         3.5          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 107          5.2         3.4          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 108          5.2         4.1          1.5         0.1 setosa    
## 109          5.2         2.7          3.9         1.4 versicolor
## 110          5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 111          5.1         3.5          1.4         0.3 setosa    
## 112          5.1         3.8          1.5         0.3 setosa    
## 113          5.1         3.7          1.5         0.4 setosa    
## 114          5.1         3.3          1.7         0.5 setosa    
## 115          5.1         3.4          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 116          5.1         3.8          1.9         0.4 setosa    
## 117          5.1         3.8          1.6         0.2 setosa    
## 118          5.1         2.5          3           1.1 versicolor
## 119          5           3.6          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 120          5           3.4          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 121          5           3            1.6         0.2 setosa    
## 122          5           3.4          1.6         0.4 setosa    
## 123          5           3.2          1.2         0.2 setosa    
## 124          5           3.5          1.3         0.3 setosa    
## 125          5           3.5          1.6         0.6 setosa    
## 126          5           3.3          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 127          5           2            3.5         1   versicolor
## 128          5           2.3          3.3         1   versicolor
## 129          4.9         3            1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 130          4.9         3.1          1.5         0.1 setosa    
## 131          4.9         3.1          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 132          4.9         3.6          1.4         0.1 setosa    
## 133          4.9         2.4          3.3         1   versicolor
## 134          4.9         2.5          4.5         1.7 virginica 
## 135          4.8         3.4          1.6         0.2 setosa    
## 136          4.8         3            1.4         0.1 setosa    
## 137          4.8         3.4          1.9         0.2 setosa    
## 138          4.8         3.1          1.6         0.2 setosa    
## 139          4.8         3            1.4         0.3 setosa    
## 140          4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa    
## 141          4.7         3.2          1.6         0.2 setosa    
## 142          4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2 setosa    
## 143          4.6         3.4          1.4         0.3 setosa    
## 144          4.6         3.6          1           0.2 setosa    
## 145          4.6         3.2          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 146          4.5         2.3          1.3         0.3 setosa    
## 147          4.4         2.9          1.4         0.2 setosa    
## 148          4.4         3            1.3         0.2 setosa    
## 149          4.4         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa    
## 150          4.3         3            1.1         0.1 setosa
#Filter
iris %>% filter(Species=="Setosa")
## # A tibble: 0 × 5
## # ℹ 5 variables: Sepal.Length <dbl>, Sepal.Width <dbl>, Petal.Length <dbl>,
## #   Petal.Width <dbl>, Species <fct>
iris %>% select(Petal.Width,Species,Petal.Length)
## # A tibble: 150 × 3
##    Petal.Width Species Petal.Length
##          <dbl> <fct>          <dbl>
##  1         0.2 setosa           1.4
##  2         0.2 setosa           1.4
##  3         0.2 setosa           1.3
##  4         0.2 setosa           1.5
##  5         0.2 setosa           1.4
##  6         0.4 setosa           1.7
##  7         0.3 setosa           1.4
##  8         0.2 setosa           1.5
##  9         0.2 setosa           1.4
## 10         0.1 setosa           1.5
## # ℹ 140 more rows
iris %>% select(-Petal.Width, -Species)
## # A tibble: 150 × 3
##    Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length
##           <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl>
##  1          5.1         3.5          1.4
##  2          4.9         3            1.4
##  3          4.7         3.2          1.3
##  4          4.6         3.1          1.5
##  5          5           3.6          1.4
##  6          5.4         3.9          1.7
##  7          4.6         3.4          1.4
##  8          5           3.4          1.5
##  9          4.4         2.9          1.4
## 10          4.9         3.1          1.5
## # ℹ 140 more rows
#Mutate = penambahan peubah baru
iris %>% filter(Species=="Setosa")
## # A tibble: 0 × 5
## # ℹ 5 variables: Sepal.Length <dbl>, Sepal.Width <dbl>, Petal.Length <dbl>,
## #   Petal.Width <dbl>, Species <fct>
irisbaru <- iris %>% select(-Species, -Petal.Width) %>% mutate(Sepal=Sepal.Length+Sepal.Width)
irisbaru %>%
print(n=150)
## # A tibble: 150 × 4
##     Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Sepal
##            <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl> <dbl>
##   1          5.1         3.5          1.4   8.6
##   2          4.9         3            1.4   7.9
##   3          4.7         3.2          1.3   7.9
##   4          4.6         3.1          1.5   7.7
##   5          5           3.6          1.4   8.6
##   6          5.4         3.9          1.7   9.3
##   7          4.6         3.4          1.4   8  
##   8          5           3.4          1.5   8.4
##   9          4.4         2.9          1.4   7.3
##  10          4.9         3.1          1.5   8  
##  11          5.4         3.7          1.5   9.1
##  12          4.8         3.4          1.6   8.2
##  13          4.8         3            1.4   7.8
##  14          4.3         3            1.1   7.3
##  15          5.8         4            1.2   9.8
##  16          5.7         4.4          1.5  10.1
##  17          5.4         3.9          1.3   9.3
##  18          5.1         3.5          1.4   8.6
##  19          5.7         3.8          1.7   9.5
##  20          5.1         3.8          1.5   8.9
##  21          5.4         3.4          1.7   8.8
##  22          5.1         3.7          1.5   8.8
##  23          4.6         3.6          1     8.2
##  24          5.1         3.3          1.7   8.4
##  25          4.8         3.4          1.9   8.2
##  26          5           3            1.6   8  
##  27          5           3.4          1.6   8.4
##  28          5.2         3.5          1.5   8.7
##  29          5.2         3.4          1.4   8.6
##  30          4.7         3.2          1.6   7.9
##  31          4.8         3.1          1.6   7.9
##  32          5.4         3.4          1.5   8.8
##  33          5.2         4.1          1.5   9.3
##  34          5.5         4.2          1.4   9.7
##  35          4.9         3.1          1.5   8  
##  36          5           3.2          1.2   8.2
##  37          5.5         3.5          1.3   9  
##  38          4.9         3.6          1.4   8.5
##  39          4.4         3            1.3   7.4
##  40          5.1         3.4          1.5   8.5
##  41          5           3.5          1.3   8.5
##  42          4.5         2.3          1.3   6.8
##  43          4.4         3.2          1.3   7.6
##  44          5           3.5          1.6   8.5
##  45          5.1         3.8          1.9   8.9
##  46          4.8         3            1.4   7.8
##  47          5.1         3.8          1.6   8.9
##  48          4.6         3.2          1.4   7.8
##  49          5.3         3.7          1.5   9  
##  50          5           3.3          1.4   8.3
##  51          7           3.2          4.7  10.2
##  52          6.4         3.2          4.5   9.6
##  53          6.9         3.1          4.9  10  
##  54          5.5         2.3          4     7.8
##  55          6.5         2.8          4.6   9.3
##  56          5.7         2.8          4.5   8.5
##  57          6.3         3.3          4.7   9.6
##  58          4.9         2.4          3.3   7.3
##  59          6.6         2.9          4.6   9.5
##  60          5.2         2.7          3.9   7.9
##  61          5           2            3.5   7  
##  62          5.9         3            4.2   8.9
##  63          6           2.2          4     8.2
##  64          6.1         2.9          4.7   9  
##  65          5.6         2.9          3.6   8.5
##  66          6.7         3.1          4.4   9.8
##  67          5.6         3            4.5   8.6
##  68          5.8         2.7          4.1   8.5
##  69          6.2         2.2          4.5   8.4
##  70          5.6         2.5          3.9   8.1
##  71          5.9         3.2          4.8   9.1
##  72          6.1         2.8          4     8.9
##  73          6.3         2.5          4.9   8.8
##  74          6.1         2.8          4.7   8.9
##  75          6.4         2.9          4.3   9.3
##  76          6.6         3            4.4   9.6
##  77          6.8         2.8          4.8   9.6
##  78          6.7         3            5     9.7
##  79          6           2.9          4.5   8.9
##  80          5.7         2.6          3.5   8.3
##  81          5.5         2.4          3.8   7.9
##  82          5.5         2.4          3.7   7.9
##  83          5.8         2.7          3.9   8.5
##  84          6           2.7          5.1   8.7
##  85          5.4         3            4.5   8.4
##  86          6           3.4          4.5   9.4
##  87          6.7         3.1          4.7   9.8
##  88          6.3         2.3          4.4   8.6
##  89          5.6         3            4.1   8.6
##  90          5.5         2.5          4     8  
##  91          5.5         2.6          4.4   8.1
##  92          6.1         3            4.6   9.1
##  93          5.8         2.6          4     8.4
##  94          5           2.3          3.3   7.3
##  95          5.6         2.7          4.2   8.3
##  96          5.7         3            4.2   8.7
##  97          5.7         2.9          4.2   8.6
##  98          6.2         2.9          4.3   9.1
##  99          5.1         2.5          3     7.6
## 100          5.7         2.8          4.1   8.5
## 101          6.3         3.3          6     9.6
## 102          5.8         2.7          5.1   8.5
## 103          7.1         3            5.9  10.1
## 104          6.3         2.9          5.6   9.2
## 105          6.5         3            5.8   9.5
## 106          7.6         3            6.6  10.6
## 107          4.9         2.5          4.5   7.4
## 108          7.3         2.9          6.3  10.2
## 109          6.7         2.5          5.8   9.2
## 110          7.2         3.6          6.1  10.8
## 111          6.5         3.2          5.1   9.7
## 112          6.4         2.7          5.3   9.1
## 113          6.8         3            5.5   9.8
## 114          5.7         2.5          5     8.2
## 115          5.8         2.8          5.1   8.6
## 116          6.4         3.2          5.3   9.6
## 117          6.5         3            5.5   9.5
## 118          7.7         3.8          6.7  11.5
## 119          7.7         2.6          6.9  10.3
## 120          6           2.2          5     8.2
## 121          6.9         3.2          5.7  10.1
## 122          5.6         2.8          4.9   8.4
## 123          7.7         2.8          6.7  10.5
## 124          6.3         2.7          4.9   9  
## 125          6.7         3.3          5.7  10  
## 126          7.2         3.2          6    10.4
## 127          6.2         2.8          4.8   9  
## 128          6.1         3            4.9   9.1
## 129          6.4         2.8          5.6   9.2
## 130          7.2         3            5.8  10.2
## 131          7.4         2.8          6.1  10.2
## 132          7.9         3.8          6.4  11.7
## 133          6.4         2.8          5.6   9.2
## 134          6.3         2.8          5.1   9.1
## 135          6.1         2.6          5.6   8.7
## 136          7.7         3            6.1  10.7
## 137          6.3         3.4          5.6   9.7
## 138          6.4         3.1          5.5   9.5
## 139          6           3            4.8   9  
## 140          6.9         3.1          5.4  10  
## 141          6.7         3.1          5.6   9.8
## 142          6.9         3.1          5.1  10  
## 143          5.8         2.7          5.1   8.5
## 144          6.8         3.2          5.9  10  
## 145          6.7         3.3          5.7  10  
## 146          6.7         3            5.2   9.7
## 147          6.3         2.5          5     8.8
## 148          6.5         3            5.2   9.5
## 149          6.2         3.4          5.4   9.6
## 150          5.9         3            5.1   8.9