Explorations in statistics: hypothesis tests and P values

Douglas Curran-Everett
Explorations in statistics: hypothesis tests and P values
Advan Physiol Educ 2009 33:81-86;
doi:10.1152/advan.90218.2008

#
# -- Advances_Statistics_Code_P.R: R code for Explorations in Statistics -------
#                                  Hypothesis Tests and P Values


# -- Define population parameters, sample numbers, and plotting ranges ---------
#
PopMean      <-    0                                         #  population mean
PopSD        <-    1                                         #  population standard deviation
PopVar       <-    PopSD**2                                  #  population variance
nObs         <-    9                                         #  number of observations in each sample
SE           <- PopSD / sqrt ( nObs )                        #  SD of theoretical distribution of sample mean
nSamples     <- 1000                                         #  number of random samples
nCIs         <-  100                                         #  number of confidence intervals to plot
nStatistics  <-    7                                         #  number of sample statistics: sample, mean, SD, SE, t, lower CI bound, upper CI bound

Alpha        <-    0.10                                      #  critical significance level
tCoeff       <- qt ( Alpha/2, nObs-1, lower.tail = FALSE )   #  t coefficient for confidence intervals

nSampleSizes <-    4                                         #  number of sample sizes for CLT example
nObs1        <-    4                                         #  sample size 1
nObs2        <-    2 * nObs1                                 #  sample size 2
nObs3        <-    2 * nObs2                                 #  sample size 3
nObs4        <-    2 * nObs3                                 #  sample size 4

PlotFactor   <- 1000                                         #  scaling factor for horizontal axes
ybarPlotMin  <- PlotFactor *  -6                             #  sample mean: minimum for plotting
ybarPlotMax  <- PlotFactor *   6                             #  sample mean: maximum for plotting
tPlotMin     <- PlotFactor * -10                             #  t: minimum for plotting
tPlotMax     <- PlotFactor *  10                             #  t: maximum for plotting


# -- The Simulation: Observations and Sample Statistics ------------------------
#
SampleStats <- matrix ( nrow = nSamples, ncol = nStatistics )
for ( i in 1:nSamples )
    { TheData <- round ( rnorm ( nObs, mean = PopMean, sd = PopSD ), 3 )
      if ( i <=    2 ) print ( TheData )                     #  print observations for samples 1-2
      if ( i == 1000 ) print ( TheData )                     #  print observations for sample 1000

      Sample_Number      <- i                                #  column 1: sample number
      SampleStats [i, 1] <- Sample_Number

      Sample_Mean        <- mean  ( TheData        )         #  column 2: sample mean
      SampleStats [i, 2] <- round ( Sample_Mean, 3 )

      Sample_SD          <- sd    ( TheData      )           #  column 3: standard deviation
      SampleStats [i, 3] <- round ( Sample_SD, 3 )

      Sample_SE          <- Sample_SD / sqrt ( nObs )        #  column 4: standard error
      SampleStats [i, 4] <- round ( Sample_SE, 3 )

      t_Observed         <- Sample_Mean / Sample_SE          #  column 5: observed value of t
      SampleStats [i, 5] <- round ( t_Observed, 3 )

      Allowance          <- tCoeff * Sample_SE               #  allowance for conf int

      Lower_CI_Bound     <- Sample_Mean - Allowance          #  column 6: lower bound of conf int
      SampleStats [i, 6] <- round ( Lower_CI_Bound, 3 )

      Upper_CI_Bound     <- Sample_Mean + Allowance          #  column 7: upper bound of conf int
      SampleStats [i, 7] <- round ( Upper_CI_Bound, 3 )
      }
## [1] -0.192 -1.864 -0.727  1.193  0.054  0.455 -0.148  0.922  0.854
## [1] -0.030  0.485 -0.444  1.208 -0.066  0.506  0.865  1.019  0.228
## [1]  0.519  1.123 -0.364  1.187 -0.128 -0.075 -2.040  0.570  0.033


# -- Print statistics from initial 100 and final 5 random samples --------------
#
#  Sample   Mean    SD    SE      t    LCI    UCI
SampleStats [   1:nCIs,     ]                                #  print initial 100 samples
##        [,1]   [,2]  [,3]  [,4]   [,5]   [,6]   [,7]
##   [1,]    1  0.061 0.951 0.317  0.192 -0.529  0.650
##   [2,]    2  0.419 0.549 0.183  2.290  0.079  0.759
##   [3,]    3  0.110 1.140 0.380  0.289 -0.597  0.817
##   [4,]    4  0.262 1.581 0.527  0.497 -0.718  1.242
##   [5,]    5 -0.295 0.800 0.267 -1.108 -0.791  0.201
##   [6,]    6  0.964 1.150 0.383  2.516  0.251  1.677
##   [7,]    7  0.202 1.377 0.459  0.441 -0.651  1.056
##   [8,]    8 -0.175 1.367 0.456 -0.385 -1.023  0.672
##   [9,]    9 -0.248 1.004 0.335 -0.742 -0.871  0.374
##  [10,]   10 -0.141 0.882 0.294 -0.481 -0.688  0.405
##  [11,]   11 -0.140 0.726 0.242 -0.578 -0.589  0.310
##  [12,]   12 -0.188 0.430 0.143 -1.310 -0.454  0.079
##  [13,]   13 -0.285 0.814 0.271 -1.048 -0.789  0.220
##  [14,]   14  0.491 0.973 0.324  1.515 -0.112  1.094
##  [15,]   15 -0.473 1.266 0.422 -1.121 -1.258  0.312
##  [16,]   16  0.120 0.571 0.190  0.629 -0.234  0.473
##  [17,]   17 -0.398 0.991 0.330 -1.205 -1.012  0.216
##  [18,]   18 -0.007 1.042 0.347 -0.021 -0.653  0.638
##  [19,]   19 -0.177 0.632 0.211 -0.840 -0.569  0.215
##  [20,]   20 -0.175 1.451 0.484 -0.362 -1.074  0.724
##  [21,]   21  0.363 0.568 0.189  1.918  0.011  0.715
##  [22,]   22  0.275 1.238 0.413  0.666 -0.493  1.042
##  [23,]   23 -0.425 0.620 0.207 -2.054 -0.809 -0.040
##  [24,]   24 -0.679 1.006 0.335 -2.025 -1.302 -0.055
##  [25,]   25 -0.161 0.843 0.281 -0.574 -0.684  0.361
##  [26,]   26  0.106 0.737 0.246  0.430 -0.351  0.563
##  [27,]   27  0.366 1.013 0.338  1.082 -0.263  0.994
##  [28,]   28 -0.226 1.023 0.341 -0.662 -0.860  0.408
##  [29,]   29 -0.471 1.134 0.378 -1.246 -1.174  0.232
##  [30,]   30  0.560 1.139 0.380  1.474 -0.147  1.266
##  [31,]   31  0.066 1.104 0.368  0.179 -0.618  0.750
##  [32,]   32  0.159 0.851 0.284  0.559 -0.369  0.687
##  [33,]   33  1.019 0.838 0.279  3.650  0.500  1.539
##  [34,]   34  0.090 0.928 0.309  0.290 -0.486  0.665
##  [35,]   35  0.346 0.818 0.273  1.269 -0.161  0.853
##  [36,]   36  0.045 1.217 0.406  0.110 -0.710  0.799
##  [37,]   37  0.625 1.391 0.464  1.347 -0.238  1.487
##  [38,]   38  0.181 1.191 0.397  0.457 -0.556  0.919
##  [39,]   39  0.067 1.140 0.380  0.176 -0.640  0.774
##  [40,]   40  0.496 1.271 0.424  1.172 -0.291  1.284
##  [41,]   41 -0.655 1.121 0.374 -1.753 -1.350  0.040
##  [42,]   42 -0.690 1.190 0.397 -1.740 -1.428  0.047
##  [43,]   43 -0.056 1.247 0.416 -0.134 -0.829  0.717
##  [44,]   44 -0.116 1.736 0.579 -0.200 -1.192  0.960
##  [45,]   45  0.021 1.158 0.386  0.054 -0.697  0.739
##  [46,]   46 -0.380 0.586 0.195 -1.944 -0.743 -0.017
##  [47,]   47 -0.269 0.971 0.324 -0.831 -0.870  0.333
##  [48,]   48  0.577 0.968 0.323  1.789 -0.023  1.177
##  [49,]   49  0.118 0.860 0.287  0.411 -0.415  0.651
##  [50,]   50  0.535 0.959 0.320  1.675 -0.059  1.130
##  [51,]   51 -0.315 0.579 0.193 -1.632 -0.674  0.044
##  [52,]   52 -0.271 1.232 0.411 -0.659 -1.035  0.493
##  [53,]   53 -0.477 1.353 0.451 -1.058 -1.316  0.361
##  [54,]   54 -0.254 1.070 0.357 -0.711 -0.917  0.410
##  [55,]   55  0.460 1.290 0.430  1.070 -0.340  1.259
##  [56,]   56  0.848 0.840 0.280  3.028  0.327  1.368
##  [57,]   57 -0.626 1.257 0.419 -1.494 -1.405  0.153
##  [58,]   58  0.042 1.335 0.445  0.095 -0.785  0.870
##  [59,]   59 -0.248 0.728 0.243 -1.021 -0.699  0.204
##  [60,]   60  0.414 1.324 0.441  0.938 -0.407  1.235
##  [61,]   61 -0.198 1.073 0.358 -0.554 -0.863  0.467
##  [62,]   62  0.266 0.957 0.319  0.836 -0.327  0.859
##  [63,]   63 -0.083 0.750 0.250 -0.331 -0.548  0.382
##  [64,]   64 -0.135 0.750 0.250 -0.541 -0.600  0.329
##  [65,]   65 -0.053 0.717 0.239 -0.221 -0.497  0.392
##  [66,]   66 -0.324 1.311 0.437 -0.741 -1.137  0.489
##  [67,]   67  0.182 0.723 0.241  0.756 -0.266  0.630
##  [68,]   68  0.092 1.328 0.443  0.209 -0.731  0.916
##  [69,]   69 -0.506 0.794 0.265 -1.912 -0.999 -0.014
##  [70,]   70  0.114 1.046 0.349  0.327 -0.534  0.762
##  [71,]   71  0.224 1.016 0.339  0.661 -0.406  0.853
##  [72,]   72  0.027 0.708 0.236  0.114 -0.412  0.466
##  [73,]   73  1.054 0.957 0.319  3.304  0.461  1.647
##  [74,]   74  0.312 0.619 0.206  1.513 -0.072  0.696
##  [75,]   75  0.496 0.917 0.306  1.621 -0.073  1.064
##  [76,]   76  0.160 1.404 0.468  0.341 -0.711  1.030
##  [77,]   77 -0.016 0.904 0.301 -0.052 -0.576  0.545
##  [78,]   78  0.155 0.744 0.248  0.625 -0.306  0.616
##  [79,]   79  0.003 1.272 0.424  0.008 -0.785  0.792
##  [80,]   80 -0.347 1.103 0.368 -0.945 -1.031  0.336
##  [81,]   81 -0.241 0.665 0.222 -1.086 -0.653  0.171
##  [82,]   82 -0.099 1.257 0.419 -0.236 -0.878  0.680
##  [83,]   83 -0.111 1.060 0.353 -0.313 -0.767  0.546
##  [84,]   84 -0.056 0.942 0.314 -0.180 -0.640  0.528
##  [85,]   85 -0.192 1.117 0.372 -0.515 -0.884  0.501
##  [86,]   86 -0.032 0.822 0.274 -0.118 -0.542  0.477
##  [87,]   87 -0.052 0.529 0.176 -0.293 -0.379  0.276
##  [88,]   88 -0.325 1.478 0.493 -0.659 -1.241  0.591
##  [89,]   89  0.076 1.024 0.341  0.221 -0.559  0.710
##  [90,]   90  0.017 1.288 0.429  0.040 -0.782  0.816
##  [91,]   91  0.288 0.891 0.297  0.970 -0.264  0.840
##  [92,]   92 -0.348 1.127 0.376 -0.927 -1.046  0.350
##  [93,]   93  0.314 1.172 0.391  0.803 -0.413  1.040
##  [94,]   94  0.233 0.903 0.301  0.775 -0.327  0.793
##  [95,]   95 -0.093 1.596 0.532 -0.175 -1.082  0.896
##  [96,]   96  0.269 1.203 0.401  0.671 -0.476  1.014
##  [97,]   97  0.059 1.563 0.521  0.114 -0.910  1.028
##  [98,]   98  0.202 0.804 0.268  0.752 -0.297  0.700
##  [99,]   99  0.002 0.612 0.204  0.011 -0.377  0.381
## [100,]  100 -0.110 0.266 0.089 -1.242 -0.275  0.055
SampleStats [ 996:nSamples, ]                                #  print final 5 samples
##      [,1]   [,2]  [,3]  [,4]   [,5]   [,6]   [,7]
## [1,]  996  0.413 0.890 0.297  1.394 -0.138  0.965
## [2,]  997 -0.888 0.754 0.251 -3.535 -1.355 -0.421
## [3,]  998 -0.274 0.910 0.303 -0.903 -0.838  0.290
## [4,]  999  0.014 0.866 0.289  0.050 -0.523  0.551
## [5,] 1000  0.092 0.969 0.323  0.284 -0.509  0.692


# -- Get probability of observing t at least as extreme as first t value -------
#
Pr_t <- pt ( SampleStats [1, 5], nObs-1, lower.tail = FALSE )
round ( Pr_t, 3 )
## [1] 0.426


#  Sample    Mean      SD      SE       t     LCI     UCI
#
for ( i in 1:nSamples )
    { if ( abs ( SampleStats [i, 5] ) >= SampleStats [1, 5] ) print ( SampleStats [i, ] )            # print out samples for which |t| > first t value
      }
## [1]  1.000  0.061  0.951  0.317  0.192 -0.529  0.650
## [1] 2.000 0.419 0.549 0.183 2.290 0.079 0.759
## [1]  3.000  0.110  1.140  0.380  0.289 -0.597  0.817
## [1]  4.000  0.262  1.581  0.527  0.497 -0.718  1.242
## [1]  5.000 -0.295  0.800  0.267 -1.108 -0.791  0.201
## [1] 6.000 0.964 1.150 0.383 2.516 0.251 1.677
## [1]  7.000  0.202  1.377  0.459  0.441 -0.651  1.056
## [1]  8.000 -0.175  1.367  0.456 -0.385 -1.023  0.672
## [1]  9.000 -0.248  1.004  0.335 -0.742 -0.871  0.374
## [1] 10.000 -0.141  0.882  0.294 -0.481 -0.688  0.405
## [1] 11.000 -0.140  0.726  0.242 -0.578 -0.589  0.310
## [1] 12.000 -0.188  0.430  0.143 -1.310 -0.454  0.079
## [1] 13.000 -0.285  0.814  0.271 -1.048 -0.789  0.220
## [1] 14.000  0.491  0.973  0.324  1.515 -0.112  1.094
## [1] 15.000 -0.473  1.266  0.422 -1.121 -1.258  0.312
## [1] 16.000  0.120  0.571  0.190  0.629 -0.234  0.473
## [1] 17.000 -0.398  0.991  0.330 -1.205 -1.012  0.216
## [1] 19.000 -0.177  0.632  0.211 -0.840 -0.569  0.215
## [1] 20.000 -0.175  1.451  0.484 -0.362 -1.074  0.724
## [1] 21.000  0.363  0.568  0.189  1.918  0.011  0.715
## [1] 22.000  0.275  1.238  0.413  0.666 -0.493  1.042
## [1] 23.000 -0.425  0.620  0.207 -2.054 -0.809 -0.040
## [1] 24.000 -0.679  1.006  0.335 -2.025 -1.302 -0.055
## [1] 25.000 -0.161  0.843  0.281 -0.574 -0.684  0.361
## [1] 26.000  0.106  0.737  0.246  0.430 -0.351  0.563
## [1] 27.000  0.366  1.013  0.338  1.082 -0.263  0.994
## [1] 28.000 -0.226  1.023  0.341 -0.662 -0.860  0.408
## [1] 29.000 -0.471  1.134  0.378 -1.246 -1.174  0.232
## [1] 30.000  0.560  1.139  0.380  1.474 -0.147  1.266
## [1] 32.000  0.159  0.851  0.284  0.559 -0.369  0.687
## [1] 33.000  1.019  0.838  0.279  3.650  0.500  1.539
## [1] 34.000  0.090  0.928  0.309  0.290 -0.486  0.665
## [1] 35.000  0.346  0.818  0.273  1.269 -0.161  0.853
## [1] 37.000  0.625  1.391  0.464  1.347 -0.238  1.487
## [1] 38.000  0.181  1.191  0.397  0.457 -0.556  0.919
## [1] 40.000  0.496  1.271  0.424  1.172 -0.291  1.284
## [1] 41.000 -0.655  1.121  0.374 -1.753 -1.350  0.040
## [1] 42.000 -0.690  1.190  0.397 -1.740 -1.428  0.047
## [1] 44.000 -0.116  1.736  0.579 -0.200 -1.192  0.960
## [1] 46.000 -0.380  0.586  0.195 -1.944 -0.743 -0.017
## [1] 47.000 -0.269  0.971  0.324 -0.831 -0.870  0.333
## [1] 48.000  0.577  0.968  0.323  1.789 -0.023  1.177
## [1] 49.000  0.118  0.860  0.287  0.411 -0.415  0.651
## [1] 50.000  0.535  0.959  0.320  1.675 -0.059  1.130
## [1] 51.000 -0.315  0.579  0.193 -1.632 -0.674  0.044
## [1] 52.000 -0.271  1.232  0.411 -0.659 -1.035  0.493
## [1] 53.000 -0.477  1.353  0.451 -1.058 -1.316  0.361
## [1] 54.000 -0.254  1.070  0.357 -0.711 -0.917  0.410
## [1] 55.000  0.460  1.290  0.430  1.070 -0.340  1.259
## [1] 56.000  0.848  0.840  0.280  3.028  0.327  1.368
## [1] 57.000 -0.626  1.257  0.419 -1.494 -1.405  0.153
## [1] 59.000 -0.248  0.728  0.243 -1.021 -0.699  0.204
## [1] 60.000  0.414  1.324  0.441  0.938 -0.407  1.235
## [1] 61.000 -0.198  1.073  0.358 -0.554 -0.863  0.467
## [1] 62.000  0.266  0.957  0.319  0.836 -0.327  0.859
## [1] 63.000 -0.083  0.750  0.250 -0.331 -0.548  0.382
## [1] 64.000 -0.135  0.750  0.250 -0.541 -0.600  0.329
## [1] 65.000 -0.053  0.717  0.239 -0.221 -0.497  0.392
## [1] 66.000 -0.324  1.311  0.437 -0.741 -1.137  0.489
## [1] 67.000  0.182  0.723  0.241  0.756 -0.266  0.630
## [1] 68.000  0.092  1.328  0.443  0.209 -0.731  0.916
## [1] 69.000 -0.506  0.794  0.265 -1.912 -0.999 -0.014
## [1] 70.000  0.114  1.046  0.349  0.327 -0.534  0.762
## [1] 71.000  0.224  1.016  0.339  0.661 -0.406  0.853
## [1] 73.000  1.054  0.957  0.319  3.304  0.461  1.647
## [1] 74.000  0.312  0.619  0.206  1.513 -0.072  0.696
## [1] 75.000  0.496  0.917  0.306  1.621 -0.073  1.064
## [1] 76.000  0.160  1.404  0.468  0.341 -0.711  1.030
## [1] 78.000  0.155  0.744  0.248  0.625 -0.306  0.616
## [1] 80.000 -0.347  1.103  0.368 -0.945 -1.031  0.336
## [1] 81.000 -0.241  0.665  0.222 -1.086 -0.653  0.171
## [1] 82.000 -0.099  1.257  0.419 -0.236 -0.878  0.680
## [1] 83.000 -0.111  1.060  0.353 -0.313 -0.767  0.546
## [1] 85.000 -0.192  1.117  0.372 -0.515 -0.884  0.501
## [1] 87.000 -0.052  0.529  0.176 -0.293 -0.379  0.276
## [1] 88.000 -0.325  1.478  0.493 -0.659 -1.241  0.591
## [1] 89.000  0.076  1.024  0.341  0.221 -0.559  0.710
## [1] 91.000  0.288  0.891  0.297  0.970 -0.264  0.840
## [1] 92.000 -0.348  1.127  0.376 -0.927 -1.046  0.350
## [1] 93.000  0.314  1.172  0.391  0.803 -0.413  1.040
## [1] 94.000  0.233  0.903  0.301  0.775 -0.327  0.793
## [1] 96.000  0.269  1.203  0.401  0.671 -0.476  1.014
## [1] 98.000  0.202  0.804  0.268  0.752 -0.297  0.700
## [1] 100.000  -0.110   0.266   0.089  -1.242  -0.275   0.055
## [1] 101.000  -0.568   0.659   0.220  -2.584  -0.976  -0.159
## [1] 102.000   0.077   0.649   0.216   0.357  -0.325   0.479
## [1] 103.000  -0.090   1.352   0.451  -0.200  -0.928   0.748
## [1] 104.000  -0.191   0.930   0.310  -0.615  -0.767   0.386
## [1] 105.000  -0.065   0.659   0.220  -0.296  -0.473   0.343
## [1] 107.000  -0.308   0.981   0.327  -0.943  -0.917   0.300
## [1] 108.000   0.536   0.573   0.191   2.806   0.181   0.891
## [1] 109.000   0.174   1.110   0.370   0.471  -0.514   0.862
## [1] 111.000   0.196   0.870   0.290   0.677  -0.343   0.736
## [1] 112.000  -0.153   0.979   0.326  -0.470  -0.760   0.454
## [1] 113.000   0.210   0.483   0.161   1.302  -0.090   0.509
## [1] 114.000   0.316   1.224   0.408   0.775  -0.442   1.075
## [1] 115.000   0.471   0.953   0.318   1.482  -0.120   1.061
## [1] 116.000   0.181   1.184   0.395   0.460  -0.552   0.915
## [1] 117.000  -0.400   1.061   0.354  -1.130  -1.058   0.258
## [1] 118.000   0.690   1.010   0.337   2.050   0.064   1.316
## [1] 119.000  -0.319   1.252   0.417  -0.764  -1.095   0.457
## [1] 120.000   0.333   1.351   0.450   0.739  -0.505   1.170
## [1] 123.000  -0.494   0.905   0.302  -1.637  -1.055   0.067
## [1] 124.000  -0.311   0.677   0.226  -1.379  -0.731   0.108
## [1] 125.000   0.070   0.842   0.281   0.249  -0.452   0.592
## [1] 127.000   0.290   0.959   0.320   0.908  -0.304   0.885
## [1] 128.000  -0.076   0.957   0.319  -0.240  -0.669   0.517
## [1] 129.000   0.272   1.016   0.339   0.804  -0.357   0.902
## [1] 130.000   0.092   0.984   0.328   0.280  -0.518   0.701
## [1] 131.000   0.112   0.447   0.149   0.749  -0.166   0.389
## [1] 132.000   0.161   0.846   0.282   0.570  -0.363   0.685
## [1] 133.000   0.067   1.045   0.348   0.193  -0.580   0.715
## [1] 134.000   0.243   0.910   0.303   0.800  -0.321   0.807
## [1] 135.000   0.142   0.915   0.305   0.465  -0.425   0.709
## [1] 136.000  -0.311   1.000   0.333  -0.934  -0.931   0.309
## [1] 137.000   0.125   0.795   0.265   0.472  -0.368   0.618
## [1] 139.000  -0.295   1.427   0.476  -0.620  -1.180   0.589
## [1] 140.000   0.401   1.222   0.407   0.984  -0.357   1.158
## [1] 141.000   0.158   0.769   0.256   0.618  -0.318   0.635
## [1] 142.000   0.393   1.559   0.520   0.756  -0.573   1.360
## [1] 145.000   0.448   1.625   0.542   0.827  -0.559   1.456
## [1] 146.000   0.109   0.758   0.253   0.432  -0.361   0.579
## [1] 148.000  -0.358   0.895   0.298  -1.201  -0.913   0.197
## [1] 150.000  -0.252   0.899   0.300  -0.841  -0.809   0.305
## [1] 151.000  -0.252   1.615   0.538  -0.468  -1.253   0.749
## [1] 152.000   0.417   0.793   0.264   1.578  -0.074   0.909
## [1] 153.000  -0.136   1.053   0.351  -0.389  -0.789   0.516
## [1] 154.000  -0.332   0.547   0.182  -1.820  -0.671   0.007
## [1] 155.000   0.438   0.887   0.296   1.484  -0.111   0.988
## [1] 156.000   0.421   0.419   0.140   3.015   0.161   0.681
## [1] 157.000   0.189   1.223   0.408   0.464  -0.569   0.948
## [1] 158.000  -0.458   0.801   0.267  -1.715  -0.955   0.039
## [1] 159.000   0.113   1.178   0.393   0.287  -0.617   0.843
## [1] 160.000   0.269   0.757   0.252   1.064  -0.201   0.738
## [1] 161.000  -0.050   0.755   0.252  -0.197  -0.518   0.419
## [1] 162.000  -0.210   1.401   0.467  -0.450  -1.079   0.658
## [1] 165.000  -0.205   1.061   0.354  -0.579  -0.862   0.453
## [1] 167.000   0.124   1.578   0.526   0.235  -0.855   1.102
## [1] 168.000   0.303   0.900   0.300   1.011  -0.254   0.861
## [1] 169.000   0.467   0.778   0.259   1.800  -0.016   0.950
## [1] 170.000   0.332   0.773   0.258   1.288  -0.147   0.811
## [1] 171.000   0.286   0.788   0.263   1.090  -0.202   0.775
## [1] 172.000  -0.101   0.962   0.321  -0.315  -0.698   0.496
## [1] 173.000   0.370   0.687   0.229   1.613  -0.056   0.796
## [1] 174.000  -0.366   1.077   0.359  -1.018  -1.033   0.302
## [1] 175.000  -0.120   1.110   0.370  -0.323  -0.808   0.568
## [1] 176.000  -0.163   0.663   0.221  -0.739  -0.574   0.247
## [1] 177.000   0.113   0.616   0.205   0.553  -0.268   0.495
## [1] 179.000   0.254   1.086   0.362   0.702  -0.419   0.927
## [1] 180.000  -0.632   0.661   0.220  -2.870  -1.042  -0.223
## [1] 181.000   0.047   0.645   0.215   0.218  -0.353   0.447
## [1] 182.000   0.617   0.963   0.321   1.922   0.020   1.214
## [1] 184.000  -0.116   1.149   0.383  -0.302  -0.828   0.596
## [1] 185.000   0.123   1.041   0.347   0.354  -0.523   0.768
## [1] 186.000  -0.292   0.928   0.309  -0.945  -0.867   0.283
## [1] 187.000   0.258   1.106   0.369   0.700  -0.428   0.944
## [1] 188.000   0.193   0.847   0.282   0.684  -0.332   0.718
## [1] 190.000   0.170   0.887   0.296   0.574  -0.380   0.720
## [1] 191.000   0.453   0.648   0.216   2.095   0.051   0.854
## [1] 192.000   0.446   0.909   0.303   1.471  -0.118   1.010
## [1] 193.000  -0.388   0.858   0.286  -1.358  -0.920   0.143
## [1] 194.000   0.273   0.967   0.322   0.847  -0.326   0.872
## [1] 195.000  -0.143   0.722   0.241  -0.593  -0.590   0.305
## [1] 197.000   0.224   0.481   0.160   1.394  -0.075   0.522
## [1] 198.000   0.442   0.623   0.208   2.128   0.056   0.828
## [1] 199.000   0.279   0.614   0.205   1.361  -0.102   0.659
## [1] 200.000   0.237   0.899   0.300   0.792  -0.320   0.795
## [1] 201.000   0.645   0.829   0.276   2.334   0.131   1.159
## [1] 203.000  -0.155   0.840   0.280  -0.554  -0.675   0.365
## [1] 204.000   0.515   0.298   0.099   5.176   0.330   0.699
## [1] 205.000  -0.711   0.985   0.328  -2.163  -1.321  -0.100
## [1] 206.000  -0.391   1.251   0.417  -0.939  -1.167   0.384
## [1] 207.000   0.133   0.996   0.332   0.400  -0.484   0.750
## [1] 208.000  -0.347   1.199   0.400  -0.868  -1.090   0.396
## [1] 209.000  -0.159   1.024   0.341  -0.466  -0.793   0.476
## [1] 211.000  -0.309   0.792   0.264  -1.169  -0.800   0.182
## [1] 212.000   0.137   0.966   0.322   0.426  -0.462   0.736
## [1] 214.000   0.360   0.916   0.305   1.179  -0.208   0.928
## [1] 216.000  -0.100   0.802   0.267  -0.373  -0.597   0.397
## [1] 217.000  -0.402   1.179   0.393  -1.022  -1.133   0.329
## [1] 218.000  -0.124   1.338   0.446  -0.278  -0.953   0.705
## [1] 219.000  -0.072   0.662   0.221  -0.325  -0.482   0.339
## [1] 221.000   0.056   0.791   0.264   0.214  -0.434   0.547
## [1] 223.000   0.313   1.043   0.348   0.902  -0.333   0.960
## [1] 224.000   0.783   0.926   0.309   2.538   0.209   1.357
## [1] 225.000   0.190   1.076   0.359   0.529  -0.478   0.857
## [1] 226.000   0.337   1.025   0.342   0.985  -0.299   0.972
## [1] 227.000  -0.090   0.911   0.304  -0.298  -0.655   0.474
## [1] 228.000  -0.113   1.077   0.359  -0.315  -0.781   0.555
## [1] 229.000  -0.122   1.090   0.363  -0.335  -0.798   0.554
## [1] 230.000  -0.109   0.924   0.308  -0.354  -0.682   0.464
## [1] 231.000   0.315   0.785   0.262   1.205  -0.171   0.802
## [1] 232.000  -0.181   0.799   0.266  -0.680  -0.677   0.314
## [1] 233.000   0.280   1.316   0.439   0.638  -0.536   1.096
## [1] 235.000  -0.524   1.236   0.412  -1.272  -1.290   0.242
## [1] 236.000   0.339   0.722   0.241   1.408  -0.109   0.786
## [1] 238.000  -0.124   0.920   0.307  -0.403  -0.694   0.447
## [1] 239.000   0.334   1.031   0.344   0.972  -0.305   0.973
## [1] 240.000   0.142   1.722   0.574   0.247  -0.926   1.209
## [1] 241.000   0.097   1.350   0.450   0.216  -0.740   0.934
## [1] 242.000  -0.208   0.855   0.285  -0.731  -0.738   0.322
## [1] 243.000  -0.423   0.769   0.256  -1.649  -0.899   0.054
## [1] 244.000  -0.083   1.037   0.346  -0.241  -0.726   0.559
## [1] 245.000  -0.268   1.246   0.415  -0.645  -1.040   0.504
## [1] 246.000  -0.345   1.094   0.365  -0.946  -1.023   0.333
## [1] 248.000   0.181   1.309   0.436   0.415  -0.630   0.992
## [1] 249.000   0.875   1.079   0.360   2.431   0.206   1.544
## [1] 250.000   0.208   0.906   0.302   0.688  -0.354   0.769
## [1] 251.000  -0.178   0.981   0.327  -0.546  -0.786   0.429
## [1] 252.000   0.237   0.464   0.155   1.530  -0.051   0.524
## [1] 253.000   0.271   1.245   0.415   0.652  -0.501   1.042
## [1] 254.000  -0.296   1.747   0.582  -0.508  -1.379   0.787
## [1] 255.000  -0.364   0.896   0.299  -1.219  -0.919   0.191
## [1] 256.000   0.221   1.112   0.371   0.597  -0.468   0.910
## [1] 257.000  -0.331   1.156   0.385  -0.860  -1.048   0.385
## [1] 259.000  -0.165   0.949   0.316  -0.521  -0.753   0.424
## [1] 260.000   0.108   1.112   0.371   0.290  -0.582   0.797
## [1] 262.000  -0.208   1.055   0.352  -0.591  -0.862   0.446
## [1] 264.000   0.184   0.982   0.327   0.563  -0.424   0.793
## [1] 265.000   0.214   0.718   0.239   0.895  -0.231   0.660
## [1] 266.000   0.235   1.481   0.494   0.475  -0.683   1.153
## [1] 267.000   0.371   1.095   0.365   1.015  -0.308   1.049
## [1] 268.000  -0.184   0.815   0.272  -0.678  -0.690   0.321
## [1] 269.000   0.300   1.136   0.379   0.792  -0.404   1.004
## [1] 271.000  -0.153   1.198   0.399  -0.382  -0.895   0.590
## [1] 272.000  -0.062   0.482   0.161  -0.386  -0.361   0.237
## [1] 273.000   0.353   1.185   0.395   0.893  -0.382   1.087
## [1] 274.000  -0.177   0.889   0.296  -0.598  -0.728   0.374
## [1] 275.000   0.599   1.133   0.378   1.586  -0.103   1.302
## [1] 276.000  -0.615   1.333   0.444  -1.384  -1.442   0.211
## [1] 278.000  -0.265   1.247   0.416  -0.637  -1.037   0.508
## [1] 279.000  -0.472   0.773   0.258  -1.833  -0.951   0.007
## [1] 280.000  -0.261   0.830   0.277  -0.942  -0.775   0.254
## [1] 281.000   0.126   1.238   0.413   0.305  -0.642   0.893
## [1] 282.000  -0.179   1.006   0.335  -0.533  -0.802   0.445
## [1] 283.000  -0.401   1.021   0.340  -1.179  -1.034   0.232
## [1] 284.000   0.483   1.154   0.385   1.256  -0.232   1.199
## [1] 285.000   0.254   0.995   0.332   0.765  -0.363   0.870
## [1] 287.000  -0.317   0.676   0.225  -1.405  -0.736   0.102
## [1] 288.000  -0.354   1.103   0.368  -0.963  -1.038   0.330
## [1] 289.000  -0.185   0.648   0.216  -0.857  -0.587   0.216
## [1] 290.000   0.268   1.065   0.355   0.754  -0.393   0.928
## [1] 292.000  -0.498   0.940   0.313  -1.588  -1.080   0.085
## [1] 293.000   0.155   0.957   0.319   0.485  -0.438   0.748
## [1] 294.000   0.200   1.071   0.357   0.560  -0.464   0.864
## [1] 295.000   0.263   1.007   0.336   0.785  -0.361   0.888
## [1] 296.000  -0.261   0.970   0.323  -0.806  -0.862   0.340
## [1] 297.000   0.227   0.984   0.328   0.692  -0.383   0.837
## [1] 298.000  -0.483   1.222   0.407  -1.186  -1.241   0.274
## [1] 300.000   0.213   1.398   0.466   0.457  -0.654   1.080
## [1] 302.000   0.299   1.135   0.378   0.789  -0.405   1.002
## [1] 303.000  -0.161   1.134   0.378  -0.426  -0.864   0.542
## [1] 304.000  -0.070   0.758   0.253  -0.275  -0.539   0.400
## [1] 306.000   0.112   1.107   0.369   0.303  -0.574   0.798
## [1] 308.000   0.125   1.300   0.433   0.289  -0.681   0.931
## [1] 310.000  -0.288   1.027   0.342  -0.841  -0.924   0.349
## [1] 312.000   0.565   0.913   0.304   1.856  -0.001   1.131
## [1] 313.000  -0.096   0.860   0.287  -0.333  -0.629   0.437
## [1] 314.000  -0.115   1.069   0.356  -0.322  -0.777   0.548
## [1] 316.000   0.495   1.580   0.527   0.939  -0.485   1.474
## [1] 317.000  -0.326   0.748   0.249  -1.310  -0.790   0.137
## [1] 318.000  -0.170   0.956   0.319  -0.534  -0.763   0.423
## [1] 320.000  -0.073   0.929   0.310  -0.236  -0.649   0.503
## [1] 321.000  -0.161   1.208   0.403  -0.400  -0.910   0.588
## [1] 322.000   0.242   0.997   0.332   0.728  -0.376   0.860
## [1] 323.000   0.061   0.508   0.169   0.357  -0.255   0.376
## [1] 324.000  -0.070   0.803   0.268  -0.263  -0.568   0.427
## [1] 325.000   0.220   0.942   0.314   0.701  -0.364   0.804
## [1] 326.000   0.551   0.885   0.295   1.869   0.003   1.100
## [1] 327.000  -0.207   0.911   0.304  -0.683  -0.772   0.357
## [1] 328.000  -0.105   0.797   0.266  -0.394  -0.599   0.389
## [1] 329.000   0.383   0.811   0.270   1.418  -0.120   0.886
## [1] 330.000   0.145   1.234   0.411   0.353  -0.620   0.910
## [1] 331.000  -0.132   0.885   0.295  -0.449  -0.681   0.416
## [1] 332.000   0.247   0.876   0.292   0.847  -0.296   0.790
## [1] 333.000  -0.565   0.731   0.244  -2.320  -1.018  -0.112
## [1] 335.000  -0.334   0.888   0.296  -1.129  -0.885   0.216
## [1] 336.000   0.281   1.070   0.357   0.787  -0.382   0.944
## [1] 337.000   0.198   1.163   0.388   0.510  -0.523   0.919
## [1] 338.000   0.098   1.135   0.378   0.259  -0.605   0.801
## [1] 339.000   0.480   0.911   0.304   1.580  -0.085   1.045
## [1] 340.000  -0.822   0.720   0.240  -3.426  -1.269  -0.376
## [1] 341.000   0.235   0.749   0.250   0.941  -0.229   0.699
## [1] 342.000   0.210   1.338   0.446   0.471  -0.620   1.040
## [1] 343.000  -0.202   0.811   0.270  -0.747  -0.705   0.301
## [1] 344.000   0.460   0.896   0.299   1.541  -0.095   1.016
## [1] 345.000   0.324   0.440   0.147   2.204   0.051   0.597
## [1] 348.000   0.738   1.001   0.334   2.212   0.118   1.358
## [1] 349.000   0.274   1.084   0.361   0.759  -0.398   0.946
## [1] 350.000  -0.258   1.347   0.449  -0.576  -1.093   0.576
## [1] 351.000   0.539   1.226   0.409   1.318  -0.221   1.298
## [1] 352.000  -0.861   1.214   0.405  -2.127  -1.613  -0.108
## [1] 354.000  -0.394   1.119   0.373  -1.057  -1.088   0.299
## [1] 355.000  -0.370   0.681   0.227  -1.632  -0.792   0.052
## [1] 356.000   0.107   0.809   0.270   0.395  -0.395   0.608
## [1] 359.000  -0.119   0.859   0.286  -0.414  -0.651   0.414
## [1] 360.000  -0.423   1.181   0.394  -1.075  -1.155   0.309
## [1] 361.000   0.187   0.654   0.218   0.859  -0.218   0.592
## [1] 362.000   0.402   0.737   0.246   1.637  -0.055   0.859
## [1] 363.000   0.282   0.875   0.292   0.966  -0.261   0.824
## [1] 365.000   0.101   1.065   0.355   0.283  -0.560   0.761
## [1] 366.000  -0.362   1.212   0.404  -0.895  -1.113   0.390
## [1] 367.000  -0.152   1.317   0.439  -0.347  -0.968   0.664
## [1] 368.000  -0.239   0.698   0.233  -1.026  -0.671   0.194
## [1] 369.000  -0.621   1.203   0.401  -1.549  -1.367   0.125
## [1] 370.000  -0.149   1.167   0.389  -0.382  -0.872   0.574
## [1] 371.000  -0.124   0.969   0.323  -0.382  -0.724   0.477
## [1] 372.000  -0.380   1.313   0.438  -0.869  -1.194   0.434
## [1] 373.000   0.335   0.889   0.296   1.131  -0.216   0.886
## [1] 374.000  -0.142   0.673   0.224  -0.634  -0.560   0.275
## [1] 375.000   0.242   1.248   0.416   0.583  -0.531   1.016
## [1] 376.000  -0.371   1.296   0.432  -0.858  -1.174   0.433
## [1] 378.000  -0.192   1.054   0.351  -0.547  -0.845   0.461
## [1] 380.000  -0.753   1.011   0.337  -2.234  -1.380  -0.126
## [1] 381.000   0.728   1.112   0.371   1.964   0.039   1.417
## [1] 382.000  -0.438   0.871   0.290  -1.508  -0.977   0.102
## [1] 383.000  -0.444   1.135   0.378  -1.174  -1.148   0.259
## [1] 384.000   0.102   1.239   0.413   0.248  -0.666   0.871
## [1] 385.000   0.423   0.514   0.171   2.466   0.104   0.742
## [1] 386.000  -0.080   0.550   0.183  -0.436  -0.421   0.261
## [1] 388.000  -0.446   1.158   0.386  -1.156  -1.164   0.272
## [1] 389.000  -0.206   1.025   0.342  -0.602  -0.841   0.430
## [1] 390.000   0.233   1.126   0.375   0.621  -0.465   0.931
## [1] 392.000  -0.128   1.387   0.462  -0.277  -0.988   0.732
## [1] 393.000  -0.316   0.507   0.169  -1.867  -0.630  -0.001
## [1] 394.000  -0.618   1.008   0.336  -1.841  -1.243   0.006
## [1] 395.000   0.222   0.702   0.234   0.949  -0.213   0.657
## [1] 396.000   0.300   0.770   0.257   1.168  -0.178   0.778
## [1] 398.000  -0.229   0.784   0.261  -0.875  -0.715   0.257
## [1] 399.000   0.166   0.787   0.262   0.632  -0.322   0.653
## [1] 400.000   0.082   0.951   0.317   0.259  -0.507   0.671
## [1] 401.000   0.234   1.369   0.456   0.514  -0.614   1.083
## [1] 402.000  -0.127   1.754   0.585  -0.218  -1.215   0.960
## [1] 404.000   0.687   1.247   0.416   1.654  -0.085   1.460
## [1] 405.000   0.286   0.639   0.213   1.344  -0.110   0.682
## [1] 407.000   0.183   1.039   0.346   0.529  -0.461   0.828
## [1] 408.000   0.202   0.515   0.172   1.174  -0.118   0.521
## [1] 409.000  -0.324   0.789   0.263  -1.230  -0.813   0.165
## [1] 410.000  -0.107   1.023   0.341  -0.313  -0.740   0.527
## [1] 412.000  -0.302   0.833   0.278  -1.087  -0.818   0.215
## [1] 413.000   0.350   1.424   0.475   0.737  -0.533   1.233
## [1] 414.000   0.171   1.365   0.455   0.376  -0.675   1.018
## [1] 416.000   0.234   0.940   0.313   0.746  -0.349   0.817
## [1] 418.000  -0.787   0.810   0.270  -2.917  -1.289  -0.285
## [1] 419.000  -0.218   0.559   0.186  -1.170  -0.564   0.128
## [1] 420.000  -0.147   0.885   0.295  -0.498  -0.695   0.402
## [1] 421.000  -0.052   0.690   0.230  -0.226  -0.480   0.376
## [1] 423.000  -0.462   1.426   0.475  -0.972  -1.346   0.422
## [1] 424.000   0.084   0.704   0.235   0.359  -0.352   0.521
## [1] 425.000   0.222   1.009   0.336   0.661  -0.403   0.847
## [1] 426.000   0.308   0.414   0.138   2.234   0.052   0.565
## [1] 427.000   0.307   0.408   0.136   2.255   0.054   0.560
## [1] 428.000  -0.136   0.593   0.198  -0.689  -0.504   0.231
## [1] 429.000  -0.110   0.941   0.314  -0.349  -0.693   0.473
## [1] 430.000   0.403   0.626   0.209   1.932   0.015   0.792
## [1] 431.000  -0.888   1.147   0.382  -2.323  -1.599  -0.177
## [1] 434.000   0.232   1.332   0.444   0.522  -0.594   1.057
## [1] 435.000  -0.210   0.925   0.308  -0.681  -0.783   0.363
## [1] 436.000  -0.229   0.920   0.307  -0.748  -0.800   0.341
## [1] 437.000  -0.503   0.846   0.282  -1.783  -1.027   0.021
## [1] 438.000  -0.328   1.210   0.403  -0.812  -1.078   0.423
## [1] 439.000   0.448   0.950   0.317   1.415  -0.141   1.037
## [1] 440.000   0.825   1.137   0.379   2.176   0.120   1.529
## [1] 441.000   0.285   0.848   0.283   1.009  -0.241   0.811
## [1] 442.000   0.124   0.981   0.327   0.378  -0.485   0.732
## [1] 443.000   0.107   0.810   0.270   0.395  -0.395   0.609
## [1] 444.000  -0.333   1.209   0.403  -0.825  -1.082   0.417
## [1] 445.000   0.075   0.962   0.321   0.235  -0.521   0.672
## [1] 448.000   0.187   0.707   0.236   0.795  -0.251   0.625
## [1] 449.000  -0.423   0.770   0.257  -1.649  -0.901   0.054
## [1] 451.000  -0.276   1.115   0.372  -0.744  -0.967   0.415
## [1] 453.000  -0.840   0.981   0.327  -2.569  -1.448  -0.232
## [1] 454.000  -0.163   1.107   0.369  -0.442  -0.849   0.523
## [1] 455.000  -0.084   0.708   0.236  -0.354  -0.522   0.355
## [1] 456.000   0.110   0.924   0.308   0.357  -0.463   0.683
## [1] 457.000   0.817   0.798   0.266   3.074   0.323   1.312
## [1] 458.000   0.147   0.834   0.278   0.528  -0.370   0.663
## [1] 459.000  -0.229   0.762   0.254  -0.899  -0.701   0.244
## [1] 460.000   0.297   0.995   0.332   0.895  -0.320   0.914
## [1] 462.000  -0.225   1.019   0.340  -0.663  -0.856   0.406
## [1] 463.000  -0.464   0.873   0.291  -1.596  -1.005   0.077
## [1] 464.000  -0.384   0.806   0.269  -1.428  -0.883   0.116
## [1] 465.000  -0.771   0.864   0.288  -2.674  -1.307  -0.235
## [1] 466.000  -0.324   1.284   0.428  -0.757  -1.120   0.472
## [1] 467.000   0.250   1.605   0.535   0.467  -0.745   1.244
## [1] 468.000   0.140   1.368   0.456   0.307  -0.708   0.988
## [1] 469.000   0.529   0.830   0.277   1.912   0.014   1.043
## [1] 470.000  -0.235   1.156   0.385  -0.611  -0.952   0.481
## [1] 471.000   0.450   1.158   0.386   1.166  -0.268   1.168
## [1] 472.000   0.186   0.742   0.247   0.753  -0.274   0.646
## [1] 473.000   0.112   1.590   0.530   0.212  -0.873   1.098
## [1] 474.000   0.401   1.048   0.349   1.147  -0.249   1.051
## [1] 475.000   0.085   0.946   0.315   0.270  -0.501   0.671
## [1] 477.000   0.062   0.851   0.284   0.218  -0.466   0.590
## [1] 478.000  -0.507   1.035   0.345  -1.469  -1.149   0.135
## [1] 479.000  -0.458   0.480   0.160  -2.868  -0.756  -0.161
## [1] 480.000   0.090   1.057   0.352   0.254  -0.566   0.745
## [1] 481.000  -0.105   0.782   0.261  -0.403  -0.590   0.380
## [1] 482.000  -0.596   1.138   0.379  -1.571  -1.301   0.110
## [1] 483.000   0.433   1.275   0.425   1.018  -0.358   1.223
## [1] 484.000   0.552   1.102   0.367   1.502  -0.131   1.235
## [1] 485.000  -0.270   0.651   0.217  -1.242  -0.673   0.134
## [1] 486.000  -0.262   0.733   0.244  -1.071  -0.716   0.193
## [1] 487.000  -0.431   0.843   0.281  -1.535  -0.954   0.091
## [1] 488.000  -0.220   0.974   0.325  -0.676  -0.824   0.384
## [1] 489.000   0.051   0.715   0.238   0.214  -0.392   0.494
## [1] 491.000   0.114   1.144   0.381   0.298  -0.596   0.823
## [1] 492.000   0.863   1.349   0.450   1.919   0.027   1.699
## [1] 493.000  -0.083   0.726   0.242  -0.342  -0.533   0.367
## [1] 495.000   0.083   1.001   0.334   0.249  -0.537   0.703
## [1] 496.000   0.438   1.038   0.346   1.265  -0.205   1.081
## [1] 497.000  -0.130   0.866   0.289  -0.449  -0.667   0.407
## [1] 498.000  -0.479   1.389   0.463  -1.035  -1.340   0.382
## [1] 499.000  -0.088   1.127   0.376  -0.235  -0.787   0.610
## [1] 500.000   0.561   1.159   0.386   1.452  -0.157   1.279
## [1] 501.000   0.589   1.315   0.438   1.344  -0.226   1.404
## [1] 502.000  -0.174   0.344   0.115  -1.521  -0.387   0.039
## [1] 503.000   0.405   0.574   0.191   2.118   0.049   0.761
## [1] 504.000   0.486   0.913   0.304   1.598  -0.079   1.052
## [1] 505.000  -0.560   0.839   0.280  -2.004  -1.080  -0.040
## [1] 506.000  -0.273   1.002   0.334  -0.819  -0.894   0.348
## [1] 508.000  -0.281   0.852   0.284  -0.991  -0.809   0.246
## [1] 509.000  -0.227   1.323   0.441  -0.516  -1.047   0.593
## [1] 510.000  -0.262   0.874   0.291  -0.901  -0.804   0.279
## [1] 512.000  -0.101   1.116   0.372  -0.270  -0.793   0.591
## [1] 513.000   0.241   1.093   0.364   0.661  -0.437   0.918
## [1] 514.000   0.455   1.351   0.450   1.010  -0.382   1.292
## [1] 515.000  -0.134   0.642   0.214  -0.624  -0.532   0.265
## [1] 516.000  -0.427   1.212   0.404  -1.057  -1.179   0.324
## [1] 517.000  -0.635   0.794   0.265  -2.397  -1.127  -0.142
## [1] 518.000   0.457   0.646   0.215   2.120   0.056   0.858
## [1] 519.000  -0.465   0.750   0.250  -1.863  -0.930  -0.001
## [1] 520.000   0.278   0.710   0.237   1.173  -0.162   0.718
## [1] 521.000   0.530   0.995   0.332   1.599  -0.086   1.147
## [1] 522.000  -0.338   0.801   0.267  -1.266  -0.834   0.158
## [1] 523.000   0.166   1.670   0.557   0.298  -0.869   1.201
## [1] 524.000  -0.530   1.449   0.483  -1.099  -1.428   0.367
## [1] 526.000   0.280   0.695   0.232   1.208  -0.151   0.711
## [1] 527.000  -0.148   1.071   0.357  -0.414  -0.811   0.516
## [1] 529.000   0.379   0.723   0.241   1.570  -0.070   0.827
## [1] 530.000  -0.178   0.988   0.329  -0.540  -0.790   0.435
## [1] 531.000   0.122   1.009   0.336   0.363  -0.504   0.748
## [1] 532.000   0.514   0.751   0.250   2.052   0.048   0.979
## [1] 533.000   0.462   0.888   0.296   1.562  -0.088   1.013
## [1] 534.000   0.408   0.729   0.243   1.679  -0.044   0.860
## [1] 535.000   0.216   1.581   0.527   0.410  -0.764   1.196
## [1] 536.000  -0.503   1.294   0.431  -1.165  -1.305   0.300
## [1] 537.000   0.431   1.202   0.401   1.076  -0.314   1.176
## [1] 538.000  -0.195   0.703   0.234  -0.833  -0.631   0.241
## [1] 539.000   0.095   0.631   0.210   0.451  -0.296   0.486
## [1] 540.000  -0.267   1.344   0.448  -0.596  -1.100   0.566
## [1] 541.000   0.318   0.770   0.257   1.238  -0.160   0.795
## [1] 542.000   0.281   0.957   0.319   0.880  -0.313   0.874
## [1] 543.000   0.055   0.548   0.183   0.300  -0.285   0.395
## [1] 544.000  -0.237   1.212   0.404  -0.588  -0.989   0.514
## [1] 545.000  -0.395   1.099   0.366  -1.077  -1.076   0.287
## [1] 546.000  -0.469   0.992   0.331  -1.417  -1.084   0.146
## [1] 547.000   0.218   1.568   0.523   0.416  -0.754   1.189
## [1] 548.000   0.355   0.872   0.291   1.222  -0.185   0.896
## [1] 549.000   0.360   0.721   0.240   1.500  -0.086   0.807
## [1] 550.000  -0.125   0.481   0.160  -0.779  -0.423   0.173
## [1] 551.000  -0.321   0.986   0.329  -0.977  -0.932   0.290
## [1] 552.000   0.316   0.862   0.287   1.099  -0.219   0.850
## [1] 553.000  -0.442   1.161   0.387  -1.143  -1.162   0.277
## [1] 554.000  -0.220   1.197   0.399  -0.551  -0.962   0.522
## [1] 555.000   0.617   0.529   0.176   3.500   0.289   0.945
## [1] 556.000   0.221   1.154   0.385   0.574  -0.495   0.936
## [1] 557.000  -0.256   0.931   0.310  -0.825  -0.833   0.321
## [1] 558.000  -0.658   1.086   0.362  -1.816  -1.331   0.016
## [1] 559.000  -0.229   0.732   0.244  -0.941  -0.683   0.224
## [1] 561.000   0.183   0.632   0.211   0.870  -0.209   0.575
## [1] 562.000   0.817   1.109   0.370   2.209   0.129   1.504
## [1] 563.000  -0.924   1.287   0.429  -2.154  -1.722  -0.126
## [1] 564.000  -0.078   0.937   0.312  -0.250  -0.659   0.503
## [1] 565.000   0.245   1.371   0.457   0.536  -0.605   1.095
## [1] 566.000   0.397   0.929   0.310   1.282  -0.179   0.973
## [1] 567.000   0.102   1.265   0.422   0.241  -0.683   0.886
## [1] 568.000  -0.163   0.677   0.226  -0.721  -0.583   0.257
## [1] 570.000   0.368   0.880   0.293   1.253  -0.178   0.913
## [1] 571.000   0.344   0.710   0.237   1.455  -0.096   0.784
## [1] 572.000   0.303   1.339   0.446   0.678  -0.528   1.133
## [1] 573.000   0.472   0.903   0.301   1.569  -0.087   1.032
## [1] 574.000   0.707   0.767   0.256   2.767   0.232   1.183
## [1] 575.000   0.102   1.050   0.350   0.291  -0.549   0.753
## [1] 576.000   0.614   1.102   0.367   1.672  -0.069   1.297
## [1] 577.000  -0.353   0.846   0.282  -1.252  -0.877   0.171
## [1] 578.000  -0.290   0.831   0.277  -1.045  -0.805   0.226
## [1] 579.000  -0.258   0.912   0.304  -0.849  -0.823   0.307
## [1] 580.000   0.477   0.759   0.253   1.886   0.007   0.948
## [1] 581.000   0.350   0.643   0.214   1.633  -0.049   0.749
## [1] 584.000   0.476   0.737   0.246   1.938   0.019   0.933
## [1] 585.000   0.194   0.982   0.327   0.594  -0.414   0.803
## [1] 586.000   0.547   0.896   0.299   1.833  -0.008   1.102
## [1] 587.000  -0.510   0.939   0.313  -1.630  -1.092   0.072
## [1] 588.000  -0.233   0.945   0.315  -0.739  -0.818   0.353
## [1] 589.000   0.525   1.612   0.537   0.976  -0.475   1.524
## [1] 590.000  -0.137   1.039   0.346  -0.395  -0.781   0.507
## [1] 592.000  -0.259   1.042   0.347  -0.746  -0.905   0.387
## [1] 594.000   0.444   1.384   0.461   0.961  -0.414   1.302
## [1] 595.000   0.254   0.749   0.250   1.018  -0.210   0.719
## [1] 597.000  -0.394   0.970   0.323  -1.220  -0.996   0.207
## [1] 598.000   0.359   0.593   0.198   1.814  -0.009   0.726
## [1] 599.000   0.386   0.757   0.252   1.532  -0.083   0.855
## [1] 601.000   0.334   1.207   0.402   0.831  -0.414   1.083
## [1] 602.000  -0.216   1.087   0.362  -0.596  -0.889   0.458
## [1] 603.000   0.716   1.388   0.463   1.548  -0.144   1.577
## [1] 605.000  -0.139   1.012   0.337  -0.413  -0.766   0.488
## [1] 606.000  -0.141   0.860   0.287  -0.493  -0.675   0.392
## [1] 607.000   0.146   1.199   0.400   0.364  -0.598   0.889
## [1] 609.000  -0.165   1.324   0.441  -0.375  -0.986   0.655
## [1] 610.000  -0.383   0.696   0.232  -1.650  -0.815   0.049
## [1] 611.000  -0.347   1.604   0.535  -0.649  -1.342   0.648
## [1] 612.000   0.104   0.860   0.287   0.362  -0.429   0.637
## [1] 613.000  -0.316   1.171   0.390  -0.810  -1.042   0.410
## [1] 614.000  -0.432   1.030   0.343  -1.258  -1.070   0.207
## [1] 616.000   0.290   1.187   0.396   0.732  -0.446   1.025
## [1] 617.000  -0.282   1.120   0.373  -0.756  -0.977   0.412
## [1] 619.000  -0.158   0.738   0.246  -0.641  -0.615   0.300
## [1] 620.000  -0.220   1.152   0.384  -0.573  -0.934   0.494
## [1] 621.000  -0.068   0.747   0.249  -0.274  -0.531   0.395
## [1] 623.000  -0.208   1.360   0.453  -0.458  -1.051   0.635
## [1] 625.000  -0.137   1.093   0.364  -0.376  -0.814   0.540
## [1] 627.000  -0.500   0.871   0.290  -1.723  -1.040   0.040
## [1] 628.000   0.133   0.760   0.253   0.524  -0.338   0.604
## [1] 630.000   0.385   1.193   0.398   0.968  -0.355   1.124
## [1] 631.000  -0.335   1.006   0.335  -0.999  -0.959   0.289
## [1] 632.000   0.162   1.519   0.506   0.320  -0.779   1.104
## [1] 633.000   0.076   0.960   0.320   0.238  -0.519   0.671
## [1] 634.000  -0.524   1.248   0.416  -1.259  -1.298   0.250
## [1] 635.000   0.547   1.222   0.407   1.343  -0.211   1.305
## [1] 636.000   0.307   0.654   0.218   1.406  -0.099   0.712
## [1] 637.000   0.093   0.826   0.275   0.337  -0.420   0.605
## [1] 638.000   0.372   1.079   0.360   1.033  -0.297   1.040
## [1] 639.000  -0.574   1.133   0.378  -1.521  -1.276   0.128
## [1] 640.000   0.233   0.836   0.279   0.835  -0.285   0.751
## [1] 641.000   1.282   1.172   0.391   3.281   0.555   2.009
## [1] 642.000  -0.398   0.700   0.233  -1.703  -0.832   0.037
## [1] 643.000  -0.536   1.269   0.423  -1.268  -1.323   0.250
## [1] 644.000  -0.190   0.701   0.234  -0.815  -0.625   0.244
## [1] 645.000   0.166   0.445   0.148   1.119  -0.110   0.442
## [1] 646.000   0.253   1.331   0.444   0.571  -0.572   1.079
## [1] 647.000  -0.263   1.393   0.464  -0.567  -1.126   0.600
## [1] 648.000  -0.213   0.831   0.277  -0.767  -0.728   0.303
## [1] 649.000  -0.415   1.120   0.373  -1.112  -1.110   0.279
## [1] 650.000   0.539   1.028   0.343   1.572  -0.098   1.176
## [1] 652.000  -0.312   0.976   0.325  -0.958  -0.917   0.293
## [1] 653.000  -0.215   0.707   0.236  -0.912  -0.653   0.223
## [1] 654.000  -0.110   1.204   0.401  -0.275  -0.857   0.636
## [1] 655.000   0.574   1.277   0.426   1.348  -0.218   1.365
## [1] 656.000  -0.097   1.114   0.371  -0.261  -0.788   0.594
## [1] 657.000   0.129   1.033   0.344   0.374  -0.512   0.769
## [1] 658.000   0.632   0.848   0.283   2.236   0.106   1.158
## [1] 659.000  -0.210   0.493   0.164  -1.278  -0.516   0.096
## [1] 660.000  -0.247   1.061   0.354  -0.699  -0.905   0.410
## [1] 661.000   0.293   0.748   0.249   1.174  -0.171   0.756
## [1] 662.000  -0.494   1.027   0.342  -1.443  -1.130   0.142
## [1] 663.000  -0.125   1.217   0.406  -0.308  -0.879   0.629
## [1] 664.000   0.394   0.908   0.303   1.300  -0.169   0.956
## [1] 665.000  -0.220   0.832   0.277  -0.794  -0.736   0.296
## [1] 667.000   0.212   0.970   0.323   0.657  -0.389   0.814
## [1] 669.000  -0.119   0.939   0.313  -0.379  -0.701   0.464
## [1] 670.000   0.107   1.028   0.343   0.313  -0.530   0.744
## [1] 671.000   0.477   0.647   0.216   2.211   0.076   0.878
## [1] 673.000  -0.333   1.198   0.399  -0.833  -1.075   0.410
## [1] 675.000  -0.116   1.303   0.434  -0.268  -0.924   0.692
## [1] 676.000   0.874   1.096   0.365   2.394   0.195   1.553
## [1] 677.000  -0.435   0.769   0.256  -1.697  -0.911   0.042
## [1] 678.000   0.059   0.474   0.158   0.375  -0.235   0.353
## [1] 679.000   0.620   1.162   0.387   1.602  -0.100   1.340
## [1] 680.000  -0.524   0.614   0.205  -2.562  -0.905  -0.144
## [1] 682.000  -0.111   1.417   0.472  -0.236  -0.990   0.767
## [1] 683.000   0.414   0.662   0.221   1.877   0.004   0.824
## [1] 684.000   0.321   0.568   0.189   1.696  -0.031   0.674
## [1] 685.000  -0.335   1.258   0.419  -0.799  -1.114   0.445
## [1] 687.000   0.191   0.831   0.277   0.688  -0.325   0.706
## [1] 688.000  -0.223   0.885   0.295  -0.755  -0.772   0.326
## [1] 689.000   0.617   1.082   0.361   1.710  -0.054   1.287
## [1] 690.000   0.183   1.318   0.439   0.417  -0.634   1.001
## [1] 691.000  -0.238   0.901   0.300  -0.793  -0.797   0.320
## [1] 692.000   0.309   1.137   0.379   0.815  -0.396   1.014
## [1] 694.000   0.238   0.949   0.316   0.751  -0.350   0.826
## [1] 695.000   0.802   0.594   0.198   4.052   0.434   1.170
## [1] 697.000  -0.175   1.174   0.391  -0.448  -0.903   0.553
## [1] 698.000  -0.532   1.147   0.382  -1.392  -1.243   0.179
## [1] 699.000  -0.078   0.867   0.289  -0.269  -0.615   0.460
## [1] 700.000  -0.330   0.410   0.137  -2.409  -0.584  -0.075
## [1] 701.000   0.785   1.150   0.383   2.049   0.073   1.498
## [1] 702.000   0.396   1.173   0.391   1.014  -0.331   1.124
## [1] 703.000  -0.305   0.946   0.315  -0.969  -0.892   0.281
## [1] 704.000  -0.246   1.192   0.397  -0.619  -0.985   0.493
## [1] 705.000  -0.432   0.809   0.270  -1.602  -0.933   0.069
## [1] 706.000  -0.188   1.136   0.379  -0.496  -0.892   0.516
## [1] 707.000  -0.252   0.878   0.293  -0.861  -0.797   0.292
## [1] 708.000   0.347   0.819   0.273   1.269  -0.161   0.854
## [1] 709.000   0.147   0.729   0.243   0.607  -0.305   0.599
## [1] 711.000  -0.146   0.826   0.275  -0.531  -0.658   0.366
## [1] 713.000  -0.204   0.975   0.325  -0.627  -0.808   0.401
## [1] 714.000  -0.073   0.612   0.204  -0.356  -0.452   0.307
## [1] 715.000  -0.509   1.118   0.373  -1.366  -1.202   0.184
## [1] 717.000  -0.285   1.205   0.402  -0.710  -1.032   0.462
## [1] 718.000  -0.216   0.569   0.190  -1.141  -0.569   0.136
## [1] 719.000  -0.766   0.550   0.183  -4.173  -1.107  -0.425
## [1] 720.000  -0.689   0.768   0.256  -2.690  -1.165  -0.213
## [1] 721.000   0.211   1.177   0.392   0.538  -0.519   0.941
## [1] 722.000   0.339   0.653   0.218   1.556  -0.066   0.744
## [1] 723.000  -0.474   0.581   0.194  -2.449  -0.834  -0.114
## [1] 724.000  -0.267   1.095   0.365  -0.732  -0.946   0.412
## [1] 725.000   0.098   0.768   0.256   0.384  -0.378   0.574
## [1] 726.000   0.131   1.297   0.432   0.303  -0.673   0.935
## [1] 727.000   0.261   1.585   0.528   0.495  -0.721   1.244
## [1] 728.000  -0.396   0.901   0.300  -1.317  -0.954   0.163
## [1] 729.000   0.332   1.125   0.375   0.884  -0.366   1.029
## [1] 730.000   0.602   0.847   0.282   2.130   0.076   1.127
## [1] 731.000   0.110   0.893   0.298   0.370  -0.443   0.664
## [1] 732.000  -0.215   0.930   0.310  -0.692  -0.791   0.362
## [1] 733.000   0.357   0.993   0.331   1.080  -0.258   0.973
## [1] 734.000  -0.257   0.495   0.165  -1.556  -0.563   0.050
## [1] 735.000   0.141   1.049   0.350   0.404  -0.509   0.791
## [1] 736.000  -0.104   0.945   0.315  -0.330  -0.690   0.482
## [1] 737.000   0.756   0.580   0.193   3.915   0.397   1.116
## [1] 738.000  -0.610   1.131   0.377  -1.617  -1.311   0.092
## [1] 739.000   0.133   0.648   0.216   0.617  -0.269   0.535
## [1] 740.000   0.713   1.315   0.438   1.627  -0.102   1.528
## [1] 741.000  -0.085   1.234   0.411  -0.206  -0.850   0.680
## [1] 742.000   0.282   1.208   0.403   0.701  -0.466   1.031
## [1] 743.000   0.331   1.102   0.367   0.902  -0.352   1.015
## [1] 744.000  -0.521   0.688   0.229  -2.271  -0.947  -0.094
## [1] 745.000  -0.139   0.983   0.328  -0.424  -0.748   0.471
## [1] 746.000   0.172   0.792   0.264   0.650  -0.319   0.662
## [1] 747.000  -0.224   0.827   0.276  -0.812  -0.737   0.289
## [1] 748.000  -0.263   1.139   0.380  -0.692  -0.969   0.444
## [1] 749.000  -0.680   0.697   0.232  -2.925  -1.112  -0.248
## [1] 750.000   0.582   0.971   0.324   1.797  -0.020   1.184
## [1] 751.000  -0.204   0.761   0.254  -0.802  -0.676   0.268
## [1] 752.000   0.312   0.495   0.165   1.890   0.005   0.619
## [1] 753.000  -0.595   0.963   0.321  -1.851  -1.192   0.003
## [1] 754.000   0.513   1.150   0.383   1.339  -0.200   1.226
## [1] 755.000   0.258   1.481   0.494   0.523  -0.660   1.177
## [1] 756.000   0.648   0.874   0.291   2.224   0.106   1.190
## [1] 758.000   0.062   0.715   0.238   0.260  -0.381   0.505
## [1] 759.000  -0.427   0.931   0.310  -1.374  -1.004   0.151
## [1] 760.000  -0.301   0.887   0.296  -1.017  -0.851   0.249
## [1] 761.000   0.122   0.979   0.326   0.375  -0.484   0.729
## [1] 762.000   0.399   1.157   0.386   1.033  -0.319   1.116
## [1] 764.000  -0.166   0.902   0.301  -0.552  -0.725   0.393
## [1] 765.000   0.120   1.098   0.366   0.329  -0.561   0.801
## [1] 766.000   0.380   1.136   0.379   1.004  -0.324   1.084
## [1] 767.000  -0.469   0.818   0.273  -1.722  -0.976   0.038
## [1] 768.000  -0.356   1.067   0.356  -1.000  -1.017   0.306
## [1] 769.000  -0.115   0.851   0.284  -0.404  -0.642   0.413
## [1] 770.000  -0.768   0.748   0.249  -3.079  -1.231  -0.304
## [1] 771.000  -0.366   1.044   0.348  -1.053  -1.013   0.281
## [1] 772.000   0.354   1.215   0.405   0.874  -0.399   1.108
## [1] 773.000  -0.183   1.142   0.381  -0.481  -0.891   0.525
## [1] 774.000   0.252   0.613   0.204   1.232  -0.128   0.632
## [1] 775.000   0.446   1.163   0.388   1.151  -0.275   1.167
## [1] 776.000  -0.371   0.918   0.306  -1.214  -0.940   0.198
## [1] 778.000   0.459   0.940   0.313   1.464  -0.124   1.041
## [1] 781.000   0.383   1.666   0.555   0.690  -0.650   1.416
## [1] 782.000   0.230   0.891   0.297   0.776  -0.322   0.782
## [1] 783.000  -0.411   0.913   0.304  -1.352  -0.977   0.154
## [1] 784.000  -0.133   0.576   0.192  -0.691  -0.490   0.224
## [1] 785.000   0.082   0.949   0.316   0.258  -0.506   0.670
## [1] 786.000  -0.168   0.815   0.272  -0.620  -0.674   0.337
## [1] 787.000  -0.204   0.754   0.251  -0.813  -0.671   0.263
## [1] 788.000  -0.571   1.188   0.396  -1.443  -1.308   0.165
## [1] 789.000   0.232   1.126   0.375   0.618  -0.466   0.930
## [1] 790.000   0.170   0.784   0.261   0.650  -0.316   0.656
## [1] 791.000  -0.449   1.025   0.342  -1.315  -1.085   0.186
## [1] 793.000  -0.025   0.313   0.104  -0.239  -0.219   0.169
## [1] 794.000   0.347   0.702   0.234   1.486  -0.087   0.782
## [1] 795.000  -0.441   1.080   0.360  -1.224  -1.110   0.229
## [1] 796.000   0.261   1.154   0.385   0.677  -0.455   0.976
## [1] 797.000   0.343   0.756   0.252   1.362  -0.125   0.812
## [1] 798.000   1.087   1.281   0.427   2.546   0.293   1.881
## [1] 799.000  -0.188   0.891   0.297  -0.634  -0.741   0.364
## [1] 800.000  -0.121   0.886   0.295  -0.410  -0.670   0.428
## [1] 801.000   0.559   0.817   0.272   2.054   0.053   1.065
## [1] 803.000  -0.238   0.923   0.308  -0.773  -0.810   0.335
## [1] 804.000   0.696   1.179   0.393   1.772  -0.034   1.427
## [1] 805.000  -0.481   0.558   0.186  -2.584  -0.827  -0.135
## [1] 806.000   0.179   0.900   0.300   0.597  -0.379   0.737
## [1] 807.000   0.471   0.755   0.252   1.869   0.002   0.939
## [1] 808.000  -0.218   0.767   0.256  -0.852  -0.693   0.258
## [1] 809.000  -0.286   1.189   0.396  -0.722  -1.023   0.451
## [1] 811.000  -0.179   0.959   0.320  -0.560  -0.774   0.416
## [1] 813.000  -0.104   1.230   0.410  -0.254  -0.867   0.658
## [1] 814.000   0.288   0.870   0.290   0.992  -0.252   0.827
## [1] 815.000  -0.182   0.977   0.326  -0.557  -0.787   0.424
## [1] 816.000   0.173   1.089   0.363   0.475  -0.503   0.848
## [1] 817.000   0.250   1.020   0.340   0.735  -0.382   0.882
## [1] 818.000  -0.312   0.755   0.252  -1.240  -0.780   0.156
## [1] 820.000   0.052   0.723   0.241   0.215  -0.396   0.500
## [1] 821.000   0.289   0.850   0.283   1.021  -0.238   0.816
## [1] 823.000  -0.572   0.963   0.321  -1.781  -1.168   0.025
## [1] 824.000   0.265   0.656   0.219   1.212  -0.141   0.671
## [1] 825.000   0.265   0.977   0.326   0.814  -0.341   0.871
## [1] 826.000  -0.216   1.096   0.365  -0.590  -0.895   0.464
## [1] 827.000   0.445   0.865   0.288   1.545  -0.091   0.981
## [1] 828.000   0.675   1.100   0.367   1.841  -0.007   1.357
## [1] 829.000  -0.085   1.119   0.373  -0.227  -0.778   0.609
## [1] 830.000  -0.491   0.950   0.317  -1.551  -1.080   0.098
## [1] 831.000   0.093   0.779   0.260   0.358  -0.390   0.576
## [1] 832.000   0.173   1.404   0.468   0.369  -0.698   1.043
## [1] 833.000  -0.105   0.773   0.258  -0.408  -0.584   0.374
## [1] 834.000   0.299   0.633   0.211   1.415  -0.094   0.691
## [1] 835.000  -0.220   0.799   0.266  -0.826  -0.715   0.275
## [1] 836.000  -0.556   1.070   0.357  -1.559  -1.219   0.107
## [1] 837.000  -0.538   1.414   0.471  -1.142  -1.415   0.338
## [1] 838.000   0.393   0.594   0.198   1.986   0.025   0.761
## [1] 839.000   0.607   1.094   0.365   1.664  -0.071   1.285
## [1] 840.000   0.252   0.956   0.319   0.791  -0.340   0.844
## [1] 841.000   0.088   1.019   0.340   0.259  -0.544   0.719
## [1] 844.000  -0.168   1.060   0.353  -0.475  -0.825   0.489
## [1] 845.000  -0.301   0.879   0.293  -1.028  -0.847   0.244
## [1] 846.000   0.248   0.984   0.328   0.757  -0.361   0.858
## [1] 847.000  -0.484   1.270   0.423  -1.143  -1.271   0.303
## [1] 848.000   0.213   0.962   0.321   0.663  -0.384   0.809
## [1] 849.000   0.255   1.075   0.358   0.713  -0.411   0.922
## [1] 850.000   0.093   0.806   0.269   0.345  -0.407   0.592
## [1] 851.000  -0.286   1.156   0.385  -0.741  -1.003   0.431
## [1] 852.000   0.408   0.774   0.258   1.580  -0.072   0.888
## [1] 853.000  -0.512   1.055   0.352  -1.456  -1.166   0.142
## [1] 854.000   0.096   1.325   0.442   0.217  -0.726   0.917
## [1] 855.000  -0.127   0.745   0.248  -0.509  -0.589   0.335
## [1] 857.000  -0.105   0.598   0.199  -0.524  -0.475   0.266
## [1] 858.000   0.137   1.246   0.415   0.331  -0.635   0.910
## [1] 859.000   0.121   1.488   0.496   0.244  -0.802   1.043
## [1] 860.000  -0.112   0.526   0.175  -0.637  -0.438   0.214
## [1] 861.000   0.450   0.696   0.232   1.942   0.019   0.882
## [1] 862.000  -0.501   0.569   0.190  -2.645  -0.854  -0.149
## [1] 863.000  -0.217   1.046   0.349  -0.622  -0.866   0.432
## [1] 865.000  -0.347   0.856   0.285  -1.216  -0.878   0.184
## [1] 867.000   0.268   0.887   0.296   0.907  -0.282   0.818
## [1] 868.000  -0.291   0.618   0.206  -1.415  -0.674   0.092
## [1] 869.000   0.358   0.842   0.281   1.274  -0.164   0.880
## [1] 870.000   0.136   1.317   0.439   0.309  -0.681   0.952
## [1] 871.000  -0.431   0.444   0.148  -2.910  -0.706  -0.156
## [1] 872.000  -0.245   0.921   0.307  -0.797  -0.815   0.326
## [1] 873.000   0.110   0.696   0.232   0.475  -0.321   0.542
## [1] 874.000   0.505   0.769   0.256   1.970   0.028   0.982
## [1] 875.000  -0.146   0.413   0.138  -1.059  -0.402   0.110
## [1] 876.000  -0.084   0.687   0.229  -0.367  -0.510   0.342
## [1] 877.000  -0.390   0.916   0.305  -1.277  -0.957   0.178
## [1] 878.000   0.535   0.829   0.276   1.936   0.021   1.049
## [1] 879.000   0.520   1.291   0.430   1.208  -0.280   1.320
## [1] 880.000   0.303   0.688   0.229   1.321  -0.124   0.730
## [1] 881.000   0.533   0.931   0.310   1.716  -0.045   1.110
## [1] 882.000   0.130   0.994   0.331   0.391  -0.486   0.746
## [1] 883.000   0.106   1.248   0.416   0.255  -0.668   0.880
## [1] 884.000   0.116   1.106   0.369   0.314  -0.569   0.801
## [1] 885.000   0.289   1.082   0.361   0.802  -0.381   0.960
## [1] 886.000   0.421   0.778   0.259   1.625  -0.061   0.903
## [1] 888.000  -0.208   0.437   0.146  -1.433  -0.479   0.062
## [1] 889.000  -0.376   0.826   0.275  -1.364  -0.888   0.137
## [1] 890.000   0.124   1.299   0.433   0.287  -0.681   0.929
## [1] 891.000  -0.357   1.431   0.477  -0.748  -1.244   0.530
## [1] 892.000  -0.516   0.760   0.253  -2.034  -0.987  -0.044
## [1] 893.000   0.130   0.750   0.250   0.521  -0.335   0.595
## [1] 894.000   0.311   1.110   0.370   0.840  -0.377   0.999
## [1] 895.000   0.164   0.934   0.311   0.527  -0.415   0.743
## [1] 896.000   0.146   0.973   0.324   0.451  -0.457   0.749
## [1] 897.000  -0.183   0.862   0.287  -0.637  -0.717   0.351
## [1] 898.000   0.338   0.856   0.285   1.183  -0.193   0.868
## [1] 899.000   0.399   1.179   0.393   1.015  -0.332   1.130
## [1] 900.000  -0.186   0.970   0.323  -0.576  -0.787   0.415
## [1] 901.000   0.164   0.642   0.214   0.767  -0.234   0.562
## [1] 902.000   0.137   0.833   0.278   0.492  -0.380   0.653
## [1] 903.000  -0.251   0.786   0.262  -0.957  -0.738   0.237
## [1] 904.000   0.666   0.821   0.274   2.433   0.157   1.175
## [1] 905.000   0.113   0.621   0.207   0.546  -0.272   0.498
## [1] 906.000   0.381   1.048   0.349   1.091  -0.269   1.031
## [1] 907.000   0.205   0.992   0.331   0.619  -0.410   0.819
## [1] 908.000   0.358   1.254   0.418   0.856  -0.420   1.135
## [1] 909.000  -0.592   1.376   0.459  -1.291  -1.445   0.261
## [1] 910.000  -0.150   0.683   0.228  -0.661  -0.574   0.273
## [1] 911.000   0.083   1.184   0.395   0.210  -0.651   0.817
## [1] 912.000  -0.449   1.218   0.406  -1.106  -1.204   0.306
## [1] 913.000   0.241   0.721   0.240   1.002  -0.206   0.688
## [1] 914.000  -0.059   0.888   0.296  -0.200  -0.610   0.491
## [1] 916.000   0.110   0.883   0.294   0.375  -0.437   0.657
## [1] 917.000   0.325   1.202   0.401   0.812  -0.420   1.070
## [1] 918.000  -0.193   1.295   0.432  -0.448  -0.996   0.609
## [1] 919.000  -0.188   0.652   0.217  -0.866  -0.592   0.216
## [1] 920.000   0.308   1.131   0.377   0.817  -0.393   1.009
## [1] 921.000   0.506   0.856   0.285   1.775  -0.024   1.037
## [1] 922.000  -0.187   0.703   0.234  -0.797  -0.623   0.249
## [1] 923.000   0.129   1.270   0.423   0.305  -0.658   0.916
## [1] 924.000  -0.500   1.164   0.388  -1.289  -1.221   0.221
## [1] 925.000   0.263   0.745   0.248   1.061  -0.198   0.725
## [1] 926.000   0.789   0.981   0.327   2.413   0.181   1.397
## [1] 927.000  -0.194   1.148   0.383  -0.507  -0.906   0.518
## [1] 928.000  -0.551   0.982   0.327  -1.684  -1.160   0.057
## [1] 929.000  -0.168   0.819   0.273  -0.615  -0.676   0.340
## [1] 930.000   0.500   1.104   0.368   1.358  -0.185   1.184
## [1] 931.000   0.199   0.555   0.185   1.076  -0.145   0.543
## [1] 932.000  -0.531   1.466   0.489  -1.087  -1.440   0.378
## [1] 934.000  -0.178   1.248   0.416  -0.429  -0.952   0.596
## [1] 935.000  -0.628   0.985   0.328  -1.914  -1.239  -0.018
## [1] 936.000   0.230   0.750   0.250   0.922  -0.234   0.695
## [1] 937.000   0.500   1.203   0.401   1.248  -0.245   1.246
## [1] 938.000  -0.331   0.582   0.194  -1.706  -0.692   0.030
## [1] 939.000  -0.228   1.029   0.343  -0.665  -0.866   0.410
## [1] 940.000   0.071   0.912   0.304   0.234  -0.494   0.637
## [1] 941.000  -0.326   0.901   0.300  -1.086  -0.885   0.232
## [1] 942.000   0.168   1.114   0.371   0.453  -0.522   0.858
## [1] 943.000   0.256   1.318   0.439   0.583  -0.561   1.073
## [1] 945.000   0.086   0.778   0.259   0.332  -0.396   0.569
## [1] 946.000   0.158   0.866   0.289   0.548  -0.378   0.695
## [1] 947.000   0.198   1.677   0.559   0.354  -0.842   1.238
## [1] 948.000  -0.360   0.693   0.231  -1.558  -0.790   0.070
## [1] 949.000   0.490   0.787   0.262   1.870   0.003   0.978
## [1] 951.000   0.439   1.063   0.354   1.238  -0.220   1.098
## [1] 953.000   0.217   0.803   0.268   0.810  -0.281   0.715
## [1] 954.000  -0.306   0.955   0.318  -0.962  -0.899   0.286
## [1] 956.000   0.589   1.134   0.378   1.558  -0.114   1.292
## [1] 957.000   0.516   0.649   0.216   2.382   0.113   0.918
## [1] 958.000  -0.406   1.074   0.358  -1.135  -1.072   0.260
## [1] 959.000  -0.314   0.759   0.253  -1.239  -0.784   0.157
## [1] 960.000   0.188   0.943   0.314   0.598  -0.397   0.773
## [1] 961.000  -0.498   1.335   0.445  -1.120  -1.325   0.329
## [1] 962.000  -0.214   1.058   0.353  -0.606  -0.869   0.442
## [1] 963.000   0.468   0.891   0.297   1.577  -0.084   1.020
## [1] 964.000  -0.085   0.626   0.209  -0.408  -0.473   0.303
## [1] 965.000   0.614   1.088   0.363   1.693  -0.060   1.288
## [1] 966.000   0.239   1.564   0.521   0.459  -0.730   1.208
## [1] 967.000   0.373   0.784   0.261   1.429  -0.112   0.859
## [1] 968.000  -0.374   1.177   0.392  -0.954  -1.104   0.355
## [1] 969.000   0.542   0.870   0.290   1.870   0.003   1.081
## [1] 970.000   0.099   1.314   0.438   0.225  -0.716   0.913
## [1] 971.000   0.109   1.014   0.338   0.322  -0.520   0.737
## [1] 972.000  -0.070   0.824   0.275  -0.256  -0.581   0.440
## [1] 973.000  -0.687   0.979   0.326  -2.106  -1.293  -0.080
## [1] 974.000  -0.115   0.997   0.332  -0.345  -0.732   0.503
## [1] 975.000  -0.171   1.055   0.352  -0.486  -0.825   0.483
## [1] 976.000   0.437   1.269   0.423   1.033  -0.350   1.224
## [1] 977.000  -0.087   1.243   0.414  -0.209  -0.857   0.684
## [1] 978.000   0.286   1.251   0.417   0.686  -0.489   1.062
## [1] 979.000  -0.206   0.762   0.254  -0.811  -0.679   0.266
## [1] 980.000  -0.140   1.026   0.342  -0.408  -0.775   0.496
## [1] 981.000   0.192   1.424   0.475   0.404  -0.691   1.075
## [1] 982.000  -0.219   0.806   0.269  -0.814  -0.718   0.281
## [1] 983.000  -0.156   0.738   0.246  -0.636  -0.614   0.301
## [1] 984.000   0.069   0.991   0.330   0.208  -0.546   0.683
## [1] 985.000  -0.416   0.836   0.279  -1.492  -0.935   0.102
## [1] 987.000  -0.232   0.959   0.320  -0.726  -0.827   0.362
## [1] 988.000   0.284   0.753   0.251   1.131  -0.183   0.751
## [1] 989.000   0.415   1.528   0.509   0.815  -0.532   1.362
## [1] 990.000  -0.374   0.709   0.236  -1.583  -0.813   0.065
## [1] 991.000   0.381   0.617   0.206   1.850  -0.002   0.763
## [1] 993.000  -0.080   1.157   0.386  -0.208  -0.797   0.637
## [1] 994.000   0.121   1.156   0.385   0.315  -0.595   0.838
## [1] 995.000   0.470   0.956   0.319   1.475  -0.123   1.062
## [1] 996.000   0.413   0.890   0.297   1.394  -0.138   0.965
## [1] 997.000  -0.888   0.754   0.251  -3.535  -1.355  -0.421
## [1] 998.000  -0.274   0.910   0.303  -0.903  -0.838   0.290
## [1] 1000.000    0.092    0.969    0.323    0.284   -0.509    0.692


# -- Hypothesis Tests: Test Statistics and P Values :: Figure 3 ----------------                     # -- Figure 3: first line
#
max_t <- 0.4                                                 #  maximum for vertical axis
xt    <- c ( tPlotMin:tPlotMax ) / PlotFactor                #  generate theoretical distribution
yt    <- dt ( xt, df = nObs -1 , ncp = 0 )
#
hist ( SampleStats [, 5],                                    # histogram of t values
       axes =  FALSE,
       ylim =  c ( 0, max_t ),
       freq =  FALSE,
       main =  paste ( "Distribution of sample t values: n =", nObs ),
       xlab = "t",
       ylab = " "
       )
axis  ( 1 )
lines ( xt, yt, ylim = c ( 0, max_t ), col = "gray50" )      #  plot theoretical distribution

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-1

t_Graphic <- recordPlot ( )                                  #  store data graphic                   # -- Figure 3: last line


# -- Get percentiles of all 1000 t statistics ----------------------------------
#
round ( mean ( SampleStats [, 5] ), 3 )                      #  Ave ( sample ts )
## [1] 0.058

round ( quantile ( SampleStats [, 5], probs = c ( Alpha/2, 0.50, 1-Alpha/2 ) ), 3 )
##     5%    50%    95% 
## -1.697  0.050  1.918
print ( round ( qt ( Alpha/2, nObs-1, lower.tail = FALSE ), 4 ) )
## [1] 1.859


# -- Replay each data graphic --------------------------------------------------
#
replayPlot ( t_Graphic )