In this project, we will explore predictive analytics using the babies data set provided. This data is collected to understand different factors effecting baby weights at birth. Below are the explanations of the variables:
Count: number of observation bwt: Baby weights in ounces gestation: Length of pregnancy in days parity: = 0 if the baby is first born, =1 otherwise height: Mother’s height in inches weight: Mother’s pregnancy weight in pounds smoke: =1 if mother is smoker, = 0 Nonsmoker age: Mother’s age in years
Read this worksheet carefully and follow the instructions to complete the tasks and answer any questions. Knit your final worksheet and submit your work as an HTML or PDF or Word document in Sakai.
If you are submitting as a team project only one submission from one of the team members will be sufficient but in this case you need to input the names of the team members in the above Title section.
#Read File and check the first 6 observations
mydata = read.csv(file="babies.csv")
head(mydata)## Count bwt gestation parity height weight smoke age
## 1 1 120 284 0 62 100 0 27
## 2 2 113 282 0 64 135 0 33
## 3 3 128 279 0 64 115 1 28
## 4 4 108 282 0 67 125 1 23
## 5 5 136 286 0 62 93 0 25
## 6 6 138 244 0 62 178 0 33Gestation - As the length of pregnancy increases, baby weight also increases, meaning it is a positive linear relationship.
Parity - The first-born babies weigh less than babies born after (either the second-born or third-born), meaning it is a weak negative relationship.
Height - Taller mothers tend to have slightly heavier babies, meaning it is a weak positive relationship.
Weight - Heavier mothers tend to have heavier babies, meaning it is a moderate positive relationship.
Smoke - Babies born to smoking mothers weigh less than babies born to non-smoking mothers, meaning it is a moderate negative relationship.
Age - The more older the mother is, the heavier the baby is, meaning it is a positive linear relationship.
bwt = mydata$bwt
gestation = mydata$gestation
parity = mydata$parity
height = mydata$height
weight = mydata$weight
smoke = mydata$smoke
age = mydata$age
#Multiple Linear Regression Model
mlr1 <- lm(bwt ~ gestation + parity + height + weight + smoke + age)
#Summary of the model
summary(mlr1)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = bwt ~ gestation + parity + height + weight + smoke +
## age)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -57.613 -10.189 -0.135 9.683 51.713
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -80.41085 14.34657 -5.605 2.60e-08 ***
## gestation 0.44398 0.02910 15.258 < 2e-16 ***
## parity -3.32720 1.12895 -2.947 0.00327 **
## height 1.15402 0.20502 5.629 2.27e-08 ***
## weight 0.05017 0.02524 1.987 0.04711 *
## smoke -8.40073 0.95382 -8.807 < 2e-16 ***
## age -0.00895 0.08582 -0.104 0.91696
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 15.83 on 1167 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.258, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2541
## F-statistic: 67.61 on 6 and 1167 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16The intercept, -80.41085, represents the estimated birth weight when all other variables are zero.
For every additional day of gestation while holding all other variables constant, the birth weight is expected to increase by 0.44398 units.
For every additional unit of maternal weight while holding all other variables constant, the birth weight is expected to increase by 0.05017 units.
Babies born to smoking mothers are expected to weigh 8.40073 units less than babies born to non-smoking mothers.
The R-squared value, 0.258, represents the proportion of the variance in birth weight that is explained by the variables. Meaning, 25.8% of the model is explained, whereas a significant portion of the variability remains unexplained.
Gestation, parity, height, weight, and smoke variables all have low p-values (p < 0.05), meaning they are all significant.
However, the age variable has a high p-value, meaning it is not significant. The age of the mother does not have a significant effect on the bwt.
####Is removing insignificant variables improving your model’s predictivity? The coefficients/p-values for gestation, parity, height, weight, and smoke remain similar to the previous summary.
The R-squared value and adjusted R-squared value are also quite similar, meaning that the removal of “age” did not have a big impact on the overall model.
#Multiple Linear Regression Model
mlr2 <- lm(bwt ~ gestation + parity + height + weight + smoke)
#Summary of Multiple Linear Regression Model
summary(mlr2)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = bwt ~ gestation + parity + height + weight + smoke)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -57.716 -10.150 -0.159 9.689 51.620
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -80.71321 14.04465 -5.747 1.16e-08 ***
## gestation 0.44408 0.02907 15.276 < 2e-16 ***
## parity -3.28762 1.06281 -3.093 0.00203 **
## height 1.15497 0.20473 5.641 2.11e-08 ***
## weight 0.04983 0.02503 1.991 0.04672 *
## smoke -8.39390 0.95117 -8.825 < 2e-16 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 15.82 on 1168 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2579, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2548
## F-statistic: 81.2 on 5 and 1168 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16###Task 4: Estimating baby weight (0.25 points) Use your best predicting model and full model to estimated a first born babies weight, whose mother is 25 years old, newer smoked, the gestation was 286 days, mother’s height is 62 inches and mother’s weight is 93 pounds
# bwt predicted
bwt_predicted = coef(mlr1)[1] + coef(mlr1)[2]*(age) + coef(mlr1)[3]*(gestation) + coef(mlr1)[4]*(height) +coef(mlr1)[5]*(weight)
print(bwt_predicted)## [1] -936.7824 -923.4003 -916.6419 -924.8796 -944.6759 -797.1176
## [7] -803.3288 -953.0522 -978.9364 -1151.7773 -924.3961 -919.3636
## [13] -924.0091 -894.9883 -932.5668 -836.4653 -858.6468 -847.1572
## [19] -936.2645 -899.6967 -893.9779 -940.7784 -897.7952 -967.2646
## [25] -856.1927 -928.2326 -872.7762 -956.4639 -896.8450 -891.5487
## [31] -912.5577 -876.4454 -910.6707 -923.6673 -928.4000 -919.5718
## [37] -951.1144 -876.7077 -963.5393 -913.5784 -890.4025 -807.5964
## [43] -901.8547 -960.7101 -900.5536 -900.3077 -958.4096 -849.2142
## [49] -925.8093 -930.3364 -938.0485 -871.5127 -909.8605 -905.7736
## [55] -838.8154 -901.2446 -761.7565 -902.8698 -945.6380 -920.5333
## [61] -806.1385 -930.6030 -921.9176 -802.2467 -894.0201 -893.7417
## [67] -900.6154 -947.2973 -961.7869 -931.8001 -903.8390 -891.3835
## [73] -905.6726 -942.3756 -902.1781 -911.0337 -896.7055 -958.9106
## [79] -922.7408 -955.6080 -892.6685 -938.5585 -963.5196 -968.9579
## [85] -994.8254 -926.7461 -882.5012 -895.6361 -919.5986 -930.0398
## [91] -841.0036 -989.1219 -831.9143 -921.4009 -897.5352 -915.1629
## [97] -902.2678 -909.0839 -937.3269 -896.4327 -996.4370 -896.4514
## [103] -991.5118 -836.2694 -915.4927 -906.2665 -909.0877 -922.8040
## [109] -861.1450 -788.0658 -952.4266 -930.9548 -939.2643 -922.8373
## [115] -897.8025 -932.9889 -911.3042 -877.8847 -885.9791 -731.8556
## [121] -917.5566 -873.7289 -967.3801 -937.0951 -914.0605 -845.1879
## [127] -908.3172 -930.6189 -885.8755 -900.1148 -867.8867 -959.8914
## [133] -983.6146 -909.6516 -881.7288 -904.5655 -862.5078 -974.9810
## [139] -899.2388 -913.1034 -883.3088 -915.6806 -933.6688 -1047.6544
## [145] -923.6680 -950.2033 -960.2200 -946.4331 -891.1732 -850.4572
## [151] -973.0690 -953.2301 -949.1663 -949.9529 -987.7678 -970.5416
## [157] -898.6244 -886.5896 -943.8814 -919.4983 -912.6432 -900.7440
## [163] -870.7604 -919.7457 -946.6171 -954.3222 -938.1231 -907.1906
## [169] -892.1940 -905.4302 -1010.1364 -849.1563 -886.3843 -811.5688
## [175] -874.8279 -906.8453 -907.4018 -785.1444 -967.6044 -898.5162
## [181] -954.4002 -905.4108 -1053.3126 -957.6173 -883.9384 -903.8122
## [187] -932.2323 -933.4751 -929.4799 -942.9818 -921.1396 -913.8736
## [193] -892.3057 -811.9943 -888.5813 -859.9097 -926.6235 -954.6932
## [199] -760.4835 -938.6016 -763.6364 -900.7632 -954.5458 -905.9620
## [205] -940.2234 -905.3799 -861.9523 -940.9703 -877.0825 -836.5850
## [211] -932.4908 -903.8313 -812.1976 -952.4756 -956.6349 -1041.7594
## [217] -907.9183 -878.2759 -909.7834 -895.1591 -963.7396 -1080.7493
## [223] -912.2385 -942.0478 -897.7754 -918.2289 -905.2514 -855.1468
## [229] -921.0744 -902.4342 -861.6606 -943.8078 -933.4442 -1077.5750
## [235] -955.7544 -941.8362 -947.7876 -939.3268 -477.4674 -837.5729
## [241] -946.5131 -961.0542 -857.8492 -920.5676 -960.7205 -925.2333
## [247] -920.8028 -910.8131 -971.9458 -910.2775 -945.3169 -905.8657
## [253] -891.5985 -986.4865 -935.4248 -897.3631 -1004.3915 -1048.5655
## [259] -905.4370 -927.5876 -959.8331 -973.8530 -914.2419 -926.8715
## [265] -962.2194 -905.2955 -930.2415 -931.8998 -991.3660 -916.5101
## [271] -993.7750 -898.9459 -937.8369 -868.5506 -970.1577 -902.6844
## [277] -894.6251 -932.4827 -876.5266 -941.2065 -1011.0344 -961.3476
## [283] -950.8177 -939.8484 -839.9390 -1003.9214 -975.1199 -926.0361
## [289] -951.7753 -902.7118 -917.1051 -911.7161 -881.6669 -884.0076
## [295] -874.8667 -913.5084 -931.9004 -930.0482 -901.1138 -935.0195
## [301] -849.7002 -967.9815 -917.3257 -962.7042 -930.7149 -868.9229
## [307] -895.4822 -886.5543 -954.5578 -899.5934 -914.3964 -851.0472
## [313] -835.9054 -922.5903 -895.7330 -907.2586 -884.2195 -905.0629
## [319] -958.0040 -914.0290 -905.1096 -800.9420 -918.8366 -965.6934
## [325] -973.4598 -1016.9983 -911.0795 -922.3307 -911.6019 -952.9220
## [331] -883.2584 -914.7421 -935.0538 -944.9042 -926.3767 -765.3928
## [337] -896.0574 -940.6472 -993.2499 -932.6566 -955.4335 -964.3229
## [343] -897.0790 -963.6090 -969.3947 -919.8466 -1026.6706 -909.2933
## [349] -960.4282 -912.4852 -898.3187 -924.2852 -919.6762 -872.6206
## [355] -916.0171 -815.8922 -950.7547 -957.3250 -945.8070 -926.5353
## [361] -912.0612 -903.6615 -946.6340 -979.7287 -962.1079 -950.0967
## [367] -922.5706 -1033.6254 -951.0990 -951.0533 -814.6306 -982.7419
## [373] -926.0763 -944.0739 -862.8081 -1003.5195 -926.1259 -847.2772
## [379] -909.9018 -913.3766 -941.3420 -909.8872 -964.7238 -904.6417
## [385] -947.8229 -918.7891 -984.4370 -928.7733 -971.3286 -922.4441
## [391] -951.3343 -912.5049 -893.0430 -939.2696 -916.1723 -920.0889
## [397] -879.9430 -906.6223 -819.8686 -893.5536 -955.0042 -924.1461
## [403] -936.0187 -915.1107 -871.4680 -896.5749 -955.0590 -912.6666
## [409] -909.7952 -768.7097 -965.8819 -903.9777 -834.3878 -927.3808
## [415] -952.9058 -919.3368 -917.6809 -921.6879 -878.4437 -932.3485
## [421] -916.2138 -935.2463 -935.0877 -899.2802 -857.8019 -882.0587
## [427] -836.4333 -897.5473 -1066.6683 -927.2224 -724.5291 -932.1905
## [433] -890.3751 -883.7671 -908.5134 -838.1170 -935.1663 -993.4616
## [439] -970.4917 -918.0234 -904.1634 -883.3153 -918.1757 -834.5314
## [445] -881.4319 -955.0328 -963.6139 -852.7723 -915.1635 -791.6757
## [451] -928.0986 -894.6095 -878.1981 -920.1896 -911.0887 -955.7313
## [457] -949.7524 -959.0589 -955.9324 -964.8633 -908.1539 -916.1717
## [463] -952.6964 -937.0070 -820.4539 -765.3036 -869.0267 -877.6262
## [469] -933.7692 -935.6221 -955.2205 -889.5413 -926.3808 -887.0144
## [475] -945.1593 -813.1792 -859.7020 -953.0089 -942.5460 -922.0840
## [481] -876.9550 -945.6573 -927.7046 -917.8317 -888.4312 -933.1729
## [487] -918.8974 -785.3609 -938.1606 -942.9398 -951.3193 -961.2057
## [493] -897.8863 -930.3684 -898.9372 -981.2909 -946.2193 -930.9582
## [499] -983.1353 -910.1279 -902.2260 -893.1589 -933.0591 -908.3592
## [505] -957.0811 -887.3803 -898.5543 -913.9477 -963.9374 -921.1889
## [511] -990.4160 -917.2640 -959.5717 -988.6704 -903.7352 -958.6450
## [517] -928.5383 -901.1489 -939.5041 -913.8318 -865.1935 -959.2624
## [523] -938.2532 -861.7959 -897.5236 -986.1481 -851.5314 -912.4073
## [529] -973.1625 -924.0106 -876.2439 -828.8887 -882.0952 -859.1641
## [535] -898.9144 -948.3977 -938.6633 -856.8719 -954.0673 -836.5582
## [541] -895.0533 -890.7847 -841.4641 -928.8168 -967.5581 -941.4100
## [547] -944.9310 -921.1389 -932.5830 -988.8217 -1014.9691 -931.2599
## [553] -881.5946 -869.7648 -925.7087 -867.4124 -967.5534 -998.9002
## [559] -891.7419 -889.2799 -948.2751 -818.7330 -866.2940 -891.6964
## [565] -935.5211 -908.3050 -995.1942 -937.2774 -925.5162 -907.9386
## [571] -890.4200 -919.7808 -905.1084 -878.4449 -909.5475 -940.1522
## [577] -961.3507 -894.6332 -943.8554 -917.6996 -896.7369 -887.0413
## [583] -896.3543 -904.2210 -808.0685 -970.5599 -889.7812 -880.3041
## [589] -994.7193 -1019.0594 -896.9752 -920.0391 -766.8023 -911.3237
## [595] -959.3417 -956.7872 -957.6348 -847.1405 -881.7713 -921.9073
## [601] -941.5922 -900.2301 -910.0563 -910.5237 -937.8681 -944.2468
## [607] -949.2339 -813.5757 -887.5274 -902.2035 -960.3319 -866.6185
## [613] -1003.3410 -903.5500 -959.0851 -900.9405 -928.2215 -866.7030
## [619] -972.4325 -922.2083 -824.1676 -974.6979 -948.9845 -903.7309
## [625] -824.4249 -918.3857 -900.7639 -974.8606 -906.9270 -932.9535
## [631] -950.0528 -834.1136 -908.8371 -899.8554 -916.6344 -881.8909
## [637] -993.1173 -930.2978 -924.8488 -966.8517 -836.5214 -1039.5551
## [643] -883.0443 -903.7614 -878.1939 -882.7409 -900.5005 -961.8639
## [649] -985.4677 -974.6122 -887.8745 -929.0205 -924.2803 -915.5071
## [655] -778.8186 -967.8672 -880.7040 -887.6009 -927.0360 -845.0059
## [661] -975.4400 -896.9752 -946.4866 -978.2036 -751.8801 -965.8096
## [667] -938.3617 -899.0870 -939.8120 -1017.4110 -916.6468 -931.0552
## [673] -987.2698 -889.8977 -923.1383 -980.2651 -887.1453 -908.5254
## [679] -903.2707 -911.1216 -797.3381 -943.1490 -835.8829 -921.9796
## [685] -933.2675 -941.1600 -899.8980 -911.3696 -909.2313 -887.0937
## [691] -976.4468 -890.9624 -951.6362 -927.9828 -886.8744 -925.9187
## [697] -916.8899 -878.5533 -939.3378 -1041.6438 -948.0196 -947.4740
## [703] -866.9731 -896.2820 -906.7795 -906.0274 -899.7083 -934.7138
## [709] -950.0219 -917.3824 -951.3072 -926.9216 -910.7128 -1082.9127
## [715] -905.7928 -926.3306 -919.2434 -932.8229 -956.2252 -958.4055
## [721] -1050.6493 -956.8577 -888.6499 -912.0569 -942.1749 -922.0687
## [727] -934.8521 -937.1269 -988.0761 -1029.2573 -905.5682 -831.0955
## [733] -952.6974 -928.6190 -984.5517 -808.2765 -878.5792 -932.0546
## [739] -898.0327 -827.6530 -929.3060 -892.9276 -913.2190 -938.8256
## [745] -920.5175 -943.8807 -919.1053 -939.4627 -943.4260 -884.7721
## [751] -906.0315 -890.8661 -915.3760 -919.0113 -950.8747 -891.2094
## [757] -905.8988 -961.8418 -934.8491 -883.1215 -840.8883 -1002.9184
## [763] -904.7158 -879.4559 -906.6918 -922.3665 -911.7506 -917.1746
## [769] -935.2579 -950.3999 -935.7364 -862.3268 -949.5272 -881.8948
## [775] -900.8819 -887.6324 -983.4261 -926.8702 -957.7759 -784.2026
## [781] -752.5940 -805.5117 -900.6418 -928.7390 -737.8426 -927.6463
## [787] -923.6278 -940.7112 -823.0790 -878.5615 -927.4538 -859.0305
## [793] -1007.8113 -933.1700 -962.1428 -938.0566 -911.5861 -922.3226
## [799] -866.0391 -879.7698 -880.5336 -970.7543 -1010.2736 -966.6963
## [805] -912.4469 -934.2546 -926.6113 -952.0858 -944.6760 -940.2386
## [811] -875.7595 -940.6202 -935.6903 -927.6741 -933.9309 -890.4929
## [817] -966.1753 -903.7643 -967.7512 -590.1173 -933.4597 -927.8510
## [823] -934.4437 -975.9400 -964.3087 -1012.2006 -887.8121 -890.7077
## [829] -869.8109 -894.6302 -907.2245 -926.7390 -904.7379 -957.3135
## [835] -947.2390 -978.8054 -873.5658 -932.6454 -858.2780 -939.5356
## [841] -898.1733 -929.1787 -947.4176 -922.1197 -916.4957 -946.3708
## [847] -831.7417 -923.8907 -906.7450 -962.4543 -926.1062 -887.5491
## [853] -922.8145 -953.2419 -896.1508 -879.8729 -902.8928 -1007.8817
## [859] -914.9172 -798.7964 -873.3923 -914.0339 -914.2605 -923.7356
## [865] -913.7745 -928.5343 -878.2091 -929.5020 -923.7906 -906.1205
## [871] -945.9978 -950.6940 -936.7405 -771.3215 -922.2120 -889.8931
## [877] -882.2544 -881.9644 -957.8535 -900.4202 -940.4189 -908.4214
## [883] -829.6645 -864.5386 -932.4431 -1007.8421 -890.5150 -923.7368
## [889] -895.6021 -874.3179 -890.5499 -958.2270 -946.2010 -955.1746
## [895] -857.6250 -936.0736 -926.0063 -873.9251 -1038.9188 -936.0567
## [901] -955.9610 -973.5794 -895.5200 -965.4007 -954.8440 -973.2865
## [907] -886.8441 -941.9013 -844.6081 -889.1170 -929.1789 -929.5995
## [913] -891.9152 -919.0667 -1088.6994 -1007.3265 -960.8301 -919.1867
## [919] -936.7749 -922.2999 -974.3430 -894.4160 -661.5859 -910.1045
## [925] -932.1553 -885.0339 -944.5334 -922.6945 -933.8608 -950.1416
## [931] -973.7987 -907.7719 -931.5148 -927.7513 -890.6882 -870.3818
## [937] -963.6866 -930.0017 -925.6039 -847.6576 -896.5113 -909.2626
## [943] -928.6072 -887.7981 -926.9637 -900.4572 -1068.8797 -904.7529
## [949] -898.1461 -916.1823 -995.8045 -902.7112 -928.9214 -882.3395
## [955] -940.7859 -909.8475 -912.6706 -839.2600 -846.2386 -950.9781
## [961] -910.2117 -819.3413 -909.2543 -806.3688 -964.0108 -889.1820
## [967] -941.0124 -804.1817 -952.3537 -1026.9466 -1002.6088 -934.1920
## [973] -835.1218 -940.7626 -967.6509 -909.8410 -872.8860 -959.6446
## [979] -771.3530 -946.5365 -904.7688 -959.8079 -947.6830 -931.1670
## [985] -876.7768 -972.9734 -1005.3334 -920.6377 -941.9671 -873.6970
## [991] -932.6799 -951.6159 -937.7485 -924.5238 -949.7721 -908.9385
## [997] -890.5570 -879.9734 -905.9807 -951.1187 -890.5611 -862.9621
## [1003] -894.2858 -936.7596 -925.1451 -906.8845 -877.5504 -759.2297
## [1009] -920.1009 -929.4823 -925.0565 -887.8984 -914.0773 -881.4778
## [1015] -1024.1298 -892.3912 -1037.5956 -957.4481 -950.4668 -924.2303
## [1021] -990.9600 -933.1467 -915.5386 -895.6717 -963.6663 -952.6937
## [1027] -902.5099 -957.2942 -871.5506 -895.4093 -913.0218 -964.3458
## [1033] -943.9543 -951.7932 -952.8934 -836.7897 -917.2668 -950.6438
## [1039] -909.1042 -928.5342 -912.7592 -924.8322 -909.1855 -909.6475
## [1045] -893.4549 -874.8273 -930.1678 -935.8268 -929.2979 -915.2265
## [1051] -958.4937 -913.9670 -902.9517 -933.6071 -896.3976 -900.6897
## [1057] -883.1075 -974.4137 -923.6972 -924.3575 -925.5850 -895.8411
## [1063] -873.1060 -908.3149 -945.4637 -951.0224 -980.1777 -928.1607
## [1069] -898.2499 -924.0866 -938.9353 -895.0370 -937.2148 -830.2897
## [1075] -975.9557 -919.9276 -812.9976 -915.2009 -938.2333 -907.3902
## [1081] -944.1708 -783.0750 -1050.1779 -878.9693 -780.0612 -930.1061
## [1087] -918.5374 -916.8503 -806.4960 -985.5522 -868.1481 -872.9549
## [1093] -937.1098 -861.0123 -736.6965 -887.6346 -929.1915 -954.9752
## [1099] -889.2637 -966.1831 -854.2946 -955.6815 -882.8688 -868.0664
## [1105] -954.1552 -932.6799 -857.5287 -887.7467 -1015.8051 -873.7208
## [1111] -966.1788 -839.4148 -886.8951 -922.4248 -1164.8966 -920.5321
## [1117] -948.0547 -959.3209 -909.7482 -794.5402 -899.3762 -903.0361
## [1123] -890.9579 -884.6641 -985.2471 -905.1289 -966.0472 -905.6726
## [1129] -989.2647 -845.8671 -919.1936 -1029.5201 -954.9327 -889.8157
## [1135] -979.9948 -903.8384 -922.8267 -983.2474 -1114.1834 -841.0083
## [1141] -930.8399 -980.9272 -855.9110 -898.5580 -873.0446 -800.8780
## [1147] -811.8016 -932.3357 -927.7204 -891.3983 -872.6169 -935.0654
## [1153] -877.5645 -968.0865 -877.7732 -1045.9169 -939.9991 -1050.8155
## [1159] -942.8931 -954.9441 -949.6444 -861.2459 -921.1389 -934.3864
## [1165] -805.1039 -918.4474 -903.9462 -952.2300 -885.4352 -909.1456
## [1171] -868.1241 -952.7705 -925.5009 -970.2353predict(mlr1, data.frame(parity = 1, age = 25, smoke = 0, gestation = 286, height = 62, weight = 93), interval = "confidence")## fit lwr upr
## 1 119.2306 116.7872 121.6741