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library(dslabs)

Including Plots

#Data frame

bs5th<-data.frame(name=c("ali","ahmad","sania","sara","adil","sharjeel","subhan","arbaz","asad","hassan","waleed")
                  ,cgpa=c(2.5,3.2,3.9,2.99,3.10,2.99,2.91,2.87,3.2,3.52,2.50)
                  ,grade=c("D","B","A","C","B","A","B","B","B","A","D"))

#for knowing class

class(bs5th)
## [1] "data.frame"

#which have gpa greater then 3

ind<-bs5th$cgpa>3
bs5th$name[ind]
## [1] "ahmad"  "sania"  "adil"   "asad"   "hassan"

#which have grade equal to A

def<-bs5th$grade=="A"
bs5th$name[def]
## [1] "sania"    "sharjeel" "hassan"

#which have gpa greater then 3 and having grade A

bs5th$name[ind&def]
## [1] "sania"  "hassan"

#which have gpa greater then 3 or having grade A

bs5th$name[ind|def]
## [1] "ahmad"    "sania"    "adil"     "sharjeel" "asad"     "hassan"

#which opertaor

which(ind)
## [1]  2  3  5  9 10

#match operator

match(c("ali","ahmad"),bs5th$cgpa)
## [1] NA NA

#in and in operator

c("ali") %in% bs5th$name
## [1] TRUE

Note that the echo = FALSE parameter was added to the code chunk to prevent printing of the R code that generated the plot.