QUESTION 1: A list of at least 3 columns (or values) in your data which are unclear until you read the documentation.

ANSWER 1: Three columns (or values) in the data which were unclear until I read the documentation:

  1. MTRANS (Transportation used): While the documentation mentions categories such as “Automobile,” “Motorbike,” “Bike,” “Public Transportation,” and “Walking,” it does not provide specific criteria or definitions for how individuals were categorized into these transportation modes. Without further clarification, it’s unclear under what circumstances someone is classified as using a particular mode of transportation.

  2. NObeyesdad (Obesity Level): Although the documentation mentions that this column represents obesity levels based on BMI calculations and provides categories like “Insufficient Weight,” “Normal Weight,” and others, it does not provide specific BMI ranges or thresholds that were used to assign individuals to these categories. This lack of detailed information might make it challenging to precisely interpret the obesity levels.

  3. CAEC (Consumption of food between meals): The documentation mentions categories like “No,” “Sometimes,” “Frequently,” and “Always” for this attribute. However, it doesn’t define the specific frequency or criteria used to categorize individuals into these groups. Without clarity on what constitutes “sometimes” or “frequently,” it could lead to varying interpretations.

The data appears to be encoded in a way that aligns with common practices for survey-based data collection. Categorical responses are used to capture qualitative information about individuals’ habits and behaviors. The encoding of obesity levels into categories is also in line with standard health classifications.

If I didn’t read the documentation, I might have made assumptions about the meanings of certain categorical values or the criteria used for classification. For example:

1.Without documentation, I might assume that “sometimes” in the “CAEC” column refers to a specific number of times per day or week, leading to inaccurate interpretations.

2.I might interpret the “NObesity” categories based on my own assumptions about BMI ranges, potentially misclassifying individuals’ obesity levels.

Question 2: At least one element or your data that is unclear even after reading the documentation.

Answer: One element that remains unclear even after reading the documentation is the specific method used to calculate the BMI (Body Mass Index) for each individual. The documentation mentions that BMI was calculated and compared to WHO and Mexican Normativity guidelines to determine obesity levels, but it does not provide the exact procedure used for these calculations. Understanding the BMI calculation method is important, as it directly impacts how individuals are categorized into different obesity levels.

Build a visualization which uses a column of data that is affected by the issue you brought up in bullet #2, above. In this visualization, find a way to highlight the issue, and explain what is unclear and why it might be unclear.

Obesity <- read.csv('/Users/ankit/Downloads/Obesity.csv')

In order to issue the lack of specific BMI thresholds, we will first make a new column for the BMI values.

# Load the necessary library
library(ggplot2)


# Calculate BMI using the provided formula: BMI = weight / (height^2)
Obesity$BMI <- Obesity$Weight / (Obesity$Height^2)
Obesity$BMI
##    [1] 24.38653 24.23823 23.76543 26.85185 28.34238 20.19509 24.44444 19.70553
##    [9] 20.19947 22.98540 30.67933 27.04164 20.56933 30.55556 19.15158 22.83737
##   [17] 27.38329 33.32052 28.04282 25.71166 29.38476 30.46112 22.03857 32.03125
##   [25] 19.86852 19.53125 22.49135 20.31250 24.81633 24.80159 26.49303 27.23922
##   [33] 24.25867 28.08901 22.77319 28.88889 20.13478 18.75000 24.60973 28.73469
##   [41] 26.89232 21.25850 23.22543 22.49964 24.41928 27.76710 21.73651 23.51020
##   [49] 21.77384 20.81165 21.02542 19.55556 19.33373 20.70082 21.48437 21.96712
##   [57] 24.22145 24.16716 24.60973 17.75568 20.39542 21.30395 22.23099 19.48696
##   [65] 20.68515 26.29172 27.77778 34.89440 36.15702 18.51852 29.38476 17.92822
##   [73] 22.03857 18.99196 29.41176 16.93703 17.57812 27.68166 33.05785 22.03857
##   [81] 21.82995 28.08642 30.65725 17.57812 28.71972 21.48760 24.25128 26.26494
##   [89] 23.87511 26.98962 35.00320 24.69041 26.51180 22.26562 18.75000 24.22145
##   [97] 21.77384 18.17867 18.17867 23.66144 22.05805 22.97578 23.72529 21.30395
##  [105] 32.87311 22.31328 22.31328 25.46401 31.02041 32.32323 24.48980 23.23346
##  [113] 20.95661 21.77778 23.91883 18.61224 31.58861 29.41176 20.19509 28.60476
##  [121] 26.89232 27.16692 16.32653 24.31412 29.05475 26.12245 24.38237 22.40588
##  [129] 23.66144 26.98962 21.23057 22.10029 20.56933 24.24242 34.79205 25.95156
##  [137] 22.47121 31.25000 24.21229 23.52941 18.19658 18.87386 30.88255 26.57313
##  [145] 25.84777 26.67276 20.95661 30.11028 23.82812 32.27079 24.61810 22.48133
##  [153] 26.66667 29.41073 31.04769 22.32143 19.22338 21.51386 25.80645 29.00059
##  [161] 21.49960 29.38476 22.58271 20.99605 27.13141 35.26476 23.78121 29.38476
##  [169] 26.39580 28.98114 27.71769 22.65625 21.67126 21.13886 26.67276 22.23379
##  [177] 19.47341 24.81096 23.02568 26.67276 19.22769 23.73866 18.42404 27.39226
##  [185] 26.67276 25.91068 30.29920 30.93044 33.13976 23.33547 21.87500 26.12245
##  [193] 25.38147 21.46194 32.42187 26.23457 24.16327 38.53061 15.82216 21.77384
##  [201] 31.23941 33.73250 41.91321 31.51150 21.20099 30.46875 32.65306 23.83673
##  [209] 22.75831 22.75831 35.18519 19.19530 28.00000 19.13580 19.46740 24.80159
##  [217] 24.60937 25.64892 18.80000 26.56250 25.46939 27.71769 22.47837 24.30462
##  [225] 30.86304 36.13127 19.53125 22.10029 28.34467 39.18367 25.20776 24.84098
##  [233] 19.77770 27.28175 19.38214 24.50895 21.41094 19.70553 20.19509 22.14533
##  [241] 24.46460 25.78125 24.08822 28.92622 20.66116 18.21832 24.34176 19.81405
##  [249] 24.33748 25.18079 27.54821 27.96802 28.08901 18.59104 20.82094 25.56495
##  [257] 27.75510 33.60117 27.68166 32.62935 25.35154 25.25952 23.12062 17.50562
##  [265] 19.15983 17.30104 18.36547 26.98962 21.51386 22.30936 32.30286 22.22222
##  [273] 20.76125 24.28098 23.53304 22.22222 17.92822 20.22703 23.12467 16.22921
##  [281] 20.24490 19.03114 20.95717 21.00767 22.34352 32.77051 23.82812 22.65625
##  [289] 20.95661 22.35174 21.43461 17.90123 22.49135 22.64219 31.79558 21.04805
##  [297] 22.64086 26.42357 24.69136 25.95156 24.22145 18.59113 13.29159 19.87910
##  [305] 26.23457 39.18367 24.65483 18.98659 23.14815 21.04805 17.78971 20.95727
##  [313] 22.26562 20.32225 23.14050 24.91349 24.48980 22.85714 18.49112 26.22268
##  [321] 24.02381 24.48980 18.28571 22.22222 26.07897 24.14152 19.13495 25.68956
##  [329] 24.44180 30.11938 15.43210 18.49650 21.91381 19.37716 25.20809 17.30104
##  [337] 22.49135 20.32572 25.39062 17.94182 22.22222 19.53125 34.68094 24.24242
##  [345] 49.47239 19.03114 19.81784 29.93827 24.15167 31.88450 22.85714 22.03857
##  [353] 20.70312 19.92187 23.04687 25.80645 16.62050 19.37716 35.91837 19.72387
##  [361] 21.44757 32.87311 26.81359 24.69136 25.40170 23.52941 28.05571 25.23634
##  [369] 29.40760 29.64269 18.51852 26.29172 22.10029 23.61275 22.59814 28.39506
##  [377] 24.03461 21.95248 23.38869 24.22145 28.71972 23.14815 21.87500 33.91003
##  [385] 23.43750 18.73049 20.96436 33.33333 34.08661 25.07619 17.09928 17.30104
##  [393] 22.43673 26.98962 23.49524 16.44459 24.55775 21.77384 36.52301 22.03857
##  [401] 25.71166 24.48565 29.56195 40.64451 23.04002 28.40534 21.46823 25.87606
##  [409] 24.11404 22.89282 19.70796 25.39062 24.83565 27.75510 33.74242 24.62296
##  [417] 25.99244 27.76980 31.14187 33.91251 17.53104 17.72212 18.93878 27.17312
##  [425] 25.10239 20.75537 22.85714 21.51386 23.87543 22.16066 31.22130 21.48437
##  [433] 21.60494 21.93635 24.35542 25.82645 22.60026 21.87500 22.94812 23.43750
##  [441] 23.30905 20.81165 21.97134 17.91509 20.76125 19.73598 24.48565 26.85185
##  [449] 39.25781 23.71184 24.28098 22.49135 22.53061 19.05197 24.09297 19.28415
##  [457] 23.73324 20.00000 21.00767 25.50362 20.95717 34.19856 29.74581 20.98765
##  [465] 23.08787 19.92187 24.77210 24.77210 17.14678 17.70956 21.16206 32.42187
##  [473] 29.93759 19.19530 20.19947 25.91068 25.64892 20.82094 22.75831 20.02884
##  [481] 20.28480 21.13886 21.43086 25.77778 29.38476 22.53086 24.48980 30.71834
##  [489] 23.76641 20.54569 27.42857 24.67702 29.75779 20.06173 23.66524 18.51852
##  [497] 17.91509 18.49112 36.77440 44.71513 42.09171 44.70612 48.57206 43.65907
##  [505] 41.91306 39.49374 42.73062 18.06531 17.73906 18.16814 18.22302 17.96312
##  [513] 17.74101 17.56129 16.81920 17.77143 17.10897 17.51091 17.57812 15.79264
##  [521] 17.48282 17.20511 16.77632 18.17867 18.56587 18.15485 17.98856 18.17867
##  [529] 16.93974 17.13223 16.61327 18.08426 18.49423 17.46637 16.87323 17.59120
##  [537] 18.11510 16.46088 16.78957 16.91157 17.82248 17.42013 17.77842 17.19410
##  [545] 17.41537 17.21130 18.04256 17.30104 18.08967 19.08221 17.33213 18.39500
##  [553] 17.63102 16.27525 18.40507 16.73823 16.02753 16.97458 17.47322 18.47774
##  [561] 18.09496 16.10703 17.67937 14.25388 18.54550 18.01466 17.83287 19.03657
##  [569] 17.77202 17.88482 16.41118 18.26839 15.85930 17.30104 17.19979 16.44302
##  [577] 16.75200 18.00925 17.92131 17.39043 17.81446 17.19086 16.98789 17.80067
##  [585] 17.31229 17.08417 17.30104 17.30104 16.08874 16.79955 17.24039 18.02240
##  [593] 16.91542 17.60736 17.71946 17.61669 18.42672 17.39946 17.55407 17.35623
##  [601] 18.26461 17.49224 17.53247 17.76096 17.74647 18.15807 17.53094 17.60422
##  [609] 17.32197 17.88956 17.87839 17.34024 17.66907 17.57233 17.31298 17.82465
##  [617] 16.73059 18.09375 18.01142 15.90579 17.93795 17.72051 17.30104 17.52420
##  [625] 17.48143 16.11731 17.93300 12.99868 17.62919 18.23989 15.66516 17.02612
##  [633] 17.70359 16.64861 17.12405 17.43358 16.38245 17.61857 17.82316 17.71271
##  [641] 17.32611 17.93558 17.61952 17.82408 17.77103 18.01097 17.71051 17.90394
##  [649] 17.48686 17.54084 16.82368 17.35614 17.50095 17.49697 17.58149 16.86833
##  [657] 17.31984 17.58911 16.99574 18.17867 17.51545 17.25699 18.09700 18.17867
##  [665] 17.90615 16.72187 16.66580 17.57855 17.87888 18.34045 16.26941 17.63242
##  [673] 17.90947 17.71689 17.05644 17.41695 17.84622 17.47425 17.66971 17.35880
##  [681] 17.68970 17.78207 17.45486 17.02822 17.77643 17.97492 17.32905 18.40053
##  [689] 17.05617 16.43869 16.85673 16.13919 16.37563 18.03498 17.68360 18.09563
##  [697] 18.13856 16.46670 14.16057 15.45723 17.41791 17.96461 17.87853 18.27312
##  [705] 17.75814 18.09696 16.56667 16.33620 16.10189 17.30359 17.29604 16.83581
##  [713] 16.91499 18.06141 18.09833 17.42927 17.35742 17.21238 16.88846 17.27361
##  [721] 17.45686 17.13120 16.16789 17.30104 16.63761 16.53604 17.53245 17.86865
##  [729] 17.68598 17.02549 17.91312 17.60338 18.14947 17.38219 17.58779 16.84168
##  [737] 17.88796 17.90653 17.50289 17.81700 17.90412 18.04331 17.67859 18.12637
##  [745] 16.62166 26.36114 26.08706 26.03425 26.23674 26.32430 25.83924 27.96820
##  [753] 25.10313 26.06379 26.07382 26.00213 27.71151 26.16318 26.47186 26.87752
##  [761] 25.94702 26.08235 26.37257 26.67276 26.67276 25.78566 25.76128 25.96323
##  [769] 25.97128 25.66440 26.22135 25.70486 26.73109 25.93805 25.30688 25.38002
##  [777] 25.66209 25.53426 26.68780 25.70688 26.05761 25.32522 24.53630 25.73634
##  [785] 22.82674 25.26912 24.70201 26.13551 25.66969 24.92449 26.49353 25.71466
##  [793] 26.10902 25.21199 25.39062 26.45317 26.80516 26.05918 25.55260 25.67956
##  [801] 25.28380 25.41628 28.26302 26.64174 26.79274 26.47983 26.01444 25.95606
##  [809] 26.59510 26.31714 26.31946 26.21347 26.40696 24.18868 25.49768 25.78478
##  [817] 26.88501 25.75319 26.05583 25.82755 26.74676 26.68646 26.16998 26.21488
##  [825] 26.67276 27.75112 25.79820 26.06826 26.24141 25.93911 26.67276 26.67276
##  [833] 26.67276 26.67276 26.67276 25.91224 25.09223 25.86873 26.27137 25.64303
##  [841] 26.04479 26.23457 25.90159 25.96581 26.41363 26.24256 25.32500 25.37269
##  [849] 25.17998 25.18001 25.85207 25.33974 25.40953 25.28169 25.58720 26.69968
##  [857] 25.68997 26.31073 26.24987 26.25349 25.73236 26.15136 26.95702 25.54523
##  [865] 25.84152 26.17867 24.65907 25.27987 26.19877 26.17163 27.23238 25.00018
##  [873] 25.35592 25.21293 25.96987 24.95073 25.11006 25.34011 26.50515 26.86046
##  [881] 26.12249 25.39062 25.98459 25.35576 25.85238 25.96630 26.17580 26.19162
##  [889] 25.51370 25.91808 26.44029 25.66137 24.28166 26.30802 26.36565 26.13468
##  [897] 26.62633 26.38798 26.20668 26.13437 26.34484 25.70769 28.76961 26.74732
##  [905] 26.11297 24.91779 25.57489 26.01913 25.55328 26.65007 26.54115 26.55516
##  [913] 26.32984 26.56037 26.71325 26.00968 25.55077 26.58303 26.38875 26.20006
##  [921] 26.43088 26.67276 26.67276 26.67276 25.78396 25.41811 25.70272 25.61415
##  [929] 25.88278 26.01123 26.25025 26.22282 25.68530 25.69500 26.56698 25.84339
##  [937] 25.83085 25.35878 25.91204 25.40988 25.52181 26.14720 25.85319 26.09141
##  [945] 26.46113 25.87491 25.91747 25.55814 26.26651 25.93558 25.83103 24.17151
##  [953] 24.22281 24.89801 25.77382 26.17868 25.55570 25.06440 26.51094 25.62204
##  [961] 25.64509 26.10453 25.10842 26.84414 25.39062 25.38479 27.67776 27.36692
##  [969] 27.10645 26.09176 26.48447 26.33409 25.61635 25.93424 25.33236 25.52411
##  [977] 27.25573 28.37757 28.93022 28.53707 27.22954 27.72362 27.32021 28.32265
##  [985] 27.15811 29.38476 26.29480 27.01880 27.56675 28.03558 27.95590 28.07130
##  [993] 28.29898 27.61209 28.00813 27.88236 27.68042 28.89622 29.30365 28.58269
## [1001] 27.00899 27.03169 27.94512 26.98962 28.78859 28.04620 28.50694 28.11433
## [1009] 28.91218 28.03051 27.94106 29.57082 28.48863 25.71351 27.27954 29.38476
## [1017] 29.21605 29.15700 28.15551 27.67581 26.46746 28.28992 28.53527 28.11495
## [1025] 27.75699 27.43989 29.27508 27.37279 28.25629 28.96745 28.49456 29.47296
## [1033] 27.43966 27.00633 26.95579 28.71909 27.49481 27.99873 27.11404 29.85973
## [1041] 28.53671 28.20605 28.67258 28.17960 30.35137 27.28519 28.18476 27.13096
## [1049] 26.82279 27.61659 28.15718 27.78697 28.10815 28.35486 27.89656 28.61077
## [1057] 27.62319 29.21712 29.40265 28.99950 27.57303 27.69976 28.92084 28.36364
## [1065] 28.14555 27.08780 27.55885 28.32254 29.08808 27.90767 27.65260 28.99681
## [1073] 28.67188 27.85536 27.78009 28.31354 29.42931 28.90944 28.69174 27.67394
## [1081] 26.98962 28.86300 29.16833 27.81307 28.58734 26.98962 28.55082 28.36741
## [1089] 29.49088 28.86065 28.57508 27.42494 27.76750 27.20721 28.46825 27.63886
## [1097] 27.81189 27.78429 28.70802 27.46708 26.99540 30.01530 28.04305 27.58102
## [1105] 27.25418 29.14666 28.42717 29.12956 29.31526 27.43088 28.60280 28.22382
## [1113] 28.97325 28.49958 27.96186 27.79823 28.32547 28.48040 30.14409 29.11432
## [1121] 28.17158 29.44086 28.27895 28.99264 27.53333 27.15258 27.53769 27.46342
## [1129] 27.27506 27.13505 29.38476 26.22390 27.31722 27.08039 28.07609 28.58660
## [1137] 28.39752 28.85580 28.19124 28.01235 28.20940 27.83846 28.94921 29.35964
## [1145] 28.34479 26.99252 28.00509 27.82649 27.00392 28.36301 28.02264 28.42151
## [1153] 27.94121 28.96276 27.95280 28.04879 29.39470 27.49752 28.71186 27.14678
## [1161] 29.38476 28.88930 28.33813 27.97260 28.19173 28.11557 27.99407 28.46535
## [1169] 28.53518 27.73294 27.14078 28.14932 27.38740 29.12979 29.00043 28.89904
## [1177] 29.62057 28.79475 26.98639 27.85945 27.98959 27.61570 27.32986 27.36126
## [1185] 29.45372 28.40860 27.60695 29.31512 28.71639 30.36288 27.37819 27.96143
## [1193] 28.18491 26.82199 27.59513 29.42631 27.65527 29.57646 28.20002 28.44462
## [1201] 28.93295 27.92492 28.93177 29.10513 28.96981 27.43056 27.60059 29.25570
## [1209] 28.24448 33.42272 31.32215 32.30919 31.67679 32.28862 31.96204 33.22942
## [1217] 32.65862 31.19773 31.93103 32.58504 32.49673 32.05401 31.19945 31.77095
## [1225] 31.58688 31.01710 32.45791 30.16963 35.13145 32.23413 31.07589 32.84582
## [1233] 32.14163 34.16766 30.85221 30.86664 33.66874 31.82920 32.04700 31.80780
## [1241] 29.98720 33.63973 35.00500 32.62322 32.33558 32.40919 31.65396 30.87546
## [1249] 32.85084 33.36275 31.68649 32.06094 32.76179 34.62550 32.54994 32.01726
## [1257] 33.96205 32.79524 30.94606 30.78299 33.37983 31.81546 30.82307 30.82979
## [1265] 32.93357 32.15655 30.96774 30.20515 32.71017 33.69873 32.58160 30.92140
## [1273] 33.95888 31.77441 32.62392 33.72324 34.32026 32.09914 32.26147 30.86175
## [1281] 32.31119 31.49210 31.26181 33.18740 31.89673 31.96335 30.33966 30.85444
## [1289] 31.83623 34.60905 32.79530 32.74167 32.73980 30.92128 31.87483 32.82628
## [1297] 32.86472 31.11264 30.99903 32.36971 32.20381 31.43562 32.10409 34.66030
## [1305] 35.17109 30.40015 32.34263 32.29338 31.01372 30.14689 30.65758 32.20499
## [1313] 32.01521 33.06735 31.70302 32.45137 30.59288 31.14631 31.54616 32.27684
## [1321] 32.12031 32.06388 31.26377 31.29412 31.98819 32.96952 33.36737 31.81745
## [1329] 31.56991 31.35941 31.42017 34.12617 33.55557 31.07746 31.13801 32.78750
## [1337] 34.29688 32.06016 31.31366 32.90097 32.02001 32.77738 32.99946 34.31697
## [1345] 32.10557 30.80019 30.25476 34.10209 33.80057 32.23428 30.92375 31.79207
## [1353] 31.31071 33.88905 34.16277 32.25175 33.97319 34.04838 33.66949 33.24788
## [1361] 34.22814 31.62870 31.53975 32.33960 32.05567 30.93133 31.20496 33.82050
## [1369] 34.69155 31.28289 30.89653 31.20265 32.06646 31.58489 31.48349 31.48702
## [1377] 31.80924 31.24753 32.60889 32.61778 30.35989 31.99083 32.21974 31.66867
## [1385] 31.10215 33.17422 32.26456 32.71049 32.37557 30.94241 31.31687 31.75684
## [1393] 31.13727 32.79962 32.78935 32.37078 32.33313 30.86967 30.71354 32.43725
## [1401] 30.91337 33.01427 32.79698 32.80887 31.87987 30.68547 30.97055 32.58148
## [1409] 32.70222 30.43406 30.12610 33.70216 32.66191 31.92824 32.08470 33.34857
## [1417] 32.25961 33.18516 32.86405 32.15673 31.88355 34.01045 33.92674 31.51047
## [1425] 31.15444 31.07660 31.06676 33.42812 32.37729 31.53726 31.10044 32.36079
## [1433] 31.87807 32.01743 31.88825 29.91196 30.08000 33.33059 33.30948 34.11466
## [1441] 34.68366 32.76687 32.14413 31.22050 32.97797 32.44741 32.86261 31.75446
## [1449] 31.90241 31.97498 31.90212 32.50187 32.86651 32.99547 32.18528 31.43487
## [1457] 32.10046 31.06881 32.20004 32.94533 34.59093 32.70386 33.64711 33.04599
## [1465] 32.45481 33.17710 31.89672 33.33597 33.16692 33.17618 33.63004 30.76462
## [1473] 31.43842 31.02179 31.62001 33.54092 32.36904 33.14639 31.98164 31.69174
## [1481] 33.30720 32.57462 32.64812 33.51774 31.67574 32.86569 32.78467 31.38410
## [1489] 33.34152 32.28296 30.36953 33.79836 33.99654 33.52321 33.28027 33.33619
## [1497] 32.00971 31.38183 30.74897 34.15066 32.88050 33.17620 32.12392 31.78278
## [1505] 32.10695 33.40836 32.50986 34.15526 34.34374 31.59488 31.82852 32.07589
## [1513] 32.69702 36.41902 36.01976 37.13867 35.77018 35.36529 36.90148 37.57555
## [1521] 38.15109 36.92454 35.04525 36.26415 34.10515 39.18367 36.69202 36.40638
## [1529] 37.99390 38.07162 35.00152 35.51372 35.96455 37.83227 39.22565 36.22872
## [1537] 36.25173 36.40577 35.56438 35.43906 34.43855 38.56421 38.99907 36.92454
## [1545] 36.11457 36.26415 36.23778 38.45201 37.91024 38.14561 38.66465 35.44271
## [1553] 34.50857 35.58600 35.75930 38.75315 39.73302 36.65070 36.41780 36.14413
## [1561] 36.68968 37.15210 36.46957 35.94013 35.51812 35.43946 35.58057 37.90468
## [1569] 37.88069 34.60004 36.01324 38.59145 36.53476 36.55113 37.19305 35.52542
## [1577] 35.62214 34.48014 36.69402 34.42707 38.24976 38.51700 38.22735 38.02975
## [1585] 35.80556 36.07336 36.32923 34.04851 35.33908 38.01364 37.42700 37.03036
## [1593] 35.39211 35.66895 37.49542 34.71416 38.92757 38.57424 36.97792 36.13165
## [1601] 37.99036 36.18494 36.25618 37.98949 37.03294 35.30443 35.30421 38.55471
## [1609] 38.86665 35.68966 36.15047 36.13504 37.49131 39.18367 38.16747 36.37203
## [1617] 35.58334 35.91300 37.81452 35.68150 35.82544 38.91684 38.75198 35.87312
## [1625] 36.36568 36.02019 36.60122 36.85945 36.97266 35.75464 35.72910 35.57690
## [1633] 35.63407 37.31803 35.75052 35.74242 36.74890 38.62181 38.99476 36.60675
## [1641] 36.85772 35.20387 35.37284 36.57131 35.43656 34.50516 37.46785 38.62032
## [1649] 38.40164 36.19157 36.48940 36.33928 36.36995 37.27157 37.57465 37.97380
## [1657] 37.63330 36.46975 34.68963 35.57339 34.89436 34.94793 35.53288 37.55759
## [1665] 36.67860 39.78665 38.67961 35.11219 36.22701 36.33767 35.93595 36.24126
## [1673] 36.11729 35.03969 34.72001 36.36060 35.43999 36.57071 35.29392 38.84920
## [1681] 38.37401 38.31218 38.27888 37.72298 37.44570 36.08186 37.19977 35.73085
## [1689] 36.27512 36.19437 36.14885 38.14016 38.07603 38.35547 38.58201 38.04097
## [1697] 38.01591 38.80410 38.69242 37.07995 35.03543 36.27728 35.42638 35.53711
## [1705] 35.44051 35.76018 34.72049 38.98810 38.99349 39.39165 38.79535 36.69938
## [1713] 36.41454 36.09146 36.41361 36.26759 35.88520 36.58708 36.62156 36.09962
## [1721] 36.20109 35.92103 36.50971 35.83137 35.87805 36.12004 35.36090 36.06517
## [1729] 35.37786 35.44432 35.39975 38.10065 38.46284 37.89914 38.53754 36.26502
## [1737] 35.43370 34.42889 35.15071 38.56415 37.89492 36.57723 36.65586 36.43523
## [1745] 36.35653 37.02503 36.99775 35.73238 36.28789 35.70992 36.26905 34.06758
## [1753] 36.16123 36.91194 36.46282 35.06806 34.93348 38.01057 37.53634 38.75825
## [1761] 38.21791 38.47095 38.16732 36.59144 37.09528 37.49786 36.46366 36.33753
## [1769] 36.36386 36.32571 36.31496 36.45666 36.83898 36.39273 35.09491 38.09714
## [1777] 38.79588 37.67357 37.84079 39.29591 36.11531 35.19923 35.74483 36.14487
## [1785] 35.56926 37.79697 36.97716 35.34306 34.64184 36.47965 36.50920 38.47836
## [1793] 38.63692 37.14164 37.50363 38.44762 37.36055 37.82330 35.85732 39.31486
## [1801] 41.82926 42.91195 46.16066 40.80090 41.15152 37.24586 39.02219 44.21754
## [1809] 46.56148 41.75602 44.06473 43.99566 41.30885 41.87069 50.81175 43.85749
## [1817] 38.73585 42.01169 41.46271 38.25249 40.57520 43.43023 43.92146 40.81017
## [1825] 39.88867 42.82642 45.71654 40.81371 41.46272 37.51416 37.61953 44.78749
## [1833] 45.40279 42.04645 41.03798 45.10554 43.70014 42.20797 47.71870 43.86400
## [1841] 43.54423 41.99863 41.51873 38.93289 40.05249 43.17975 43.08021 39.49559
## [1849] 37.09955 40.87278 39.37553 43.69229 43.01873 43.48543 47.58069 41.41113
## [1857] 41.32412 39.84088 40.63898 39.48383 36.92911 40.01485 40.20823 44.95561
## [1865] 41.79758 43.47691 44.87617 41.69137 41.31773 42.33216 41.72556 43.83748
## [1873] 44.25561 40.01891 42.37159 42.07045 42.40930 47.30728 48.68589 43.73923
## [1881] 43.81092 39.26631 40.25665 42.02168 41.49605 41.46434 41.14819 40.85407
## [1889] 38.85346 40.27970 40.84819 45.21014 44.96871 44.67743 44.08999 41.45795
## [1897] 40.91831 48.65169 50.01402 40.66588 40.73550 36.87853 36.97404 43.32080
## [1905] 44.39656 42.05416 41.60956 44.70558 43.38892 46.52375 49.37812 43.82972
## [1913] 43.65205 41.91995 41.69034 40.10016 39.59277 43.01974 43.05083 39.44111
## [1921] 39.39394 39.94339 38.92121 42.50953 43.14051 46.65708 46.69489 41.11027
## [1929] 40.97604 37.98215 39.78752 37.62367 38.92724 40.01081 40.71022 43.32639
## [1937] 43.74460 45.56861 45.26149 41.76835 41.93920 42.26966 42.94943 44.03945
## [1945] 44.07779 40.67049 42.47835 42.37789 42.47174 47.42494 46.44099 43.84106
## [1953] 43.83642 38.70576 39.93567 41.65278 40.87673 41.52727 41.44234 39.40560
## [1961] 38.49694 41.10132 40.27790 44.20014 44.21906 43.71957 44.12037 38.75664
## [1969] 37.83872 40.56330 39.57963 42.97318 42.88137 46.14075 45.68402 40.79993
## [1977] 41.21305 42.23670 41.25330 36.96296 37.54685 37.37913 37.61432 43.71701
## [1985] 41.60775 44.88511 44.41787 42.03995 43.50272 41.88934 41.98285 45.10115
## [1993] 44.92036 43.78938 43.69730 43.58657 44.82137 46.64026 47.90376 43.81568
## [2001] 43.27287 43.50467 43.14117 41.94604 41.92512 41.49796 41.52568 39.05345
## [2009] 39.59752 40.47184 40.14369 43.86063 43.31381 43.85193 43.82911 39.41930
## [2017] 40.12862 39.60913 38.92801 40.07018 40.48185 40.04612 40.28277 43.17446
## [2025] 43.88548 42.87689 44.53646 43.40733 46.49700 46.96505 47.24132 41.88231
## [2033] 41.64582 41.38546 41.43043 39.93167 39.14468 40.69668 40.73329 39.48480
## [2041] 39.49648 37.12446 36.85647 40.11234 39.41984 41.71949 41.62441 45.00952
## [2049] 45.24576 42.75894 42.77525 43.44053 43.60749 44.47701 44.40953 41.71654
## [2057] 41.69485 41.68470 41.20276 41.89579 42.28172 41.70534 43.39599 44.12631
## [2065] 44.58242 44.71890 46.09514 40.49380 39.73375 41.75359 40.63878 42.20576
## [2073] 42.10011 41.95382 43.97583 48.20755 43.13671 46.02768 49.69992 44.08225
## [2081] 43.83778 43.65126 43.78456 40.87073 40.42917 40.29935 40.59651 41.91014
## [2089] 41.94732 41.90841 41.44647 41.44974 42.09386 41.31074 41.40221 40.09838
## [2097] 39.64698 39.70016 40.66800 40.73997 40.50419 40.43077 40.79739 44.74573
## [2105] 44.33097 44.03912 44.90148 43.74192 43.54382 44.07154 44.14434

WE will try to categorize the calculated BMI values into specific categories, as addressed in the code.These categories are based on BMI ranges commonly used to classify individual’s obesity levels.

# Define the BMI categories based on the issue mentioned in the documentation
#Obesity$NObeyesdad <- cut(
 # Obesity$BMI,
  #breaks = c(-Inf, 18.5, 24.9, 29.9, 34.9, 39.9, Inf),
  #labels = c(
   # "Insufficient Weight",
   #"Normal Weight",
   #"Overweight Level I",
   #"Overweight Level II",
   #"Obesity Type I",
   # "Obesity Type II",
   #"Obesity Type III"
# )
#)

After categorizing the BMI values, we will create a histogram of the calculated BMI distribution.

# Create a histogram of calculated BMI values
ggplot(Obesity, aes(x = BMI, fill = NObeyesdad)) +
  geom_histogram(binwidth = 2, color = "black") +
  labs(title = "Calculated BMI Distribution and Obesity Levels") +
  xlab("BMI") +
  ylab("Frequency") +
  scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set1") +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(legend.position = "right") +
  annotate(
    "text",
    x = 30,
    y = 2,
    label = "Issue: Lack of specific BMI thresholds",
    size = 4,
    color = "red"
  )

This histogram is visualizing how the BMI values are distributed across the defined categories. Each bar in the histogram represents a range of BMI values within a specific obesity level category.