TeorÃa
# 1. Crear base de datos.
df<-data.frame(x=c(2,2,8,5,7,6,1,4),y=c(10,5,4,8,5,4,2,9))
# 2. Numero de grupos
grupos <- 3
# 3. Clasificacion
segmentos <- kmeans(df,grupos)
segmentos
## K-means clustering with 3 clusters of sizes 3, 2, 3
##
## Cluster means:
## x y
## 1 7.000000 4.333333
## 2 1.500000 3.500000
## 3 3.666667 9.000000
##
## Clustering vector:
## [1] 3 2 1 3 1 1 2 3
##
## Within cluster sum of squares by cluster:
## [1] 2.666667 5.000000 6.666667
## (between_SS / total_SS = 85.8 %)
##
## Available components:
##
## [1] "cluster" "centers" "totss" "withinss" "tot.withinss"
## [6] "betweenss" "size" "iter" "ifault"
# 4. Asignacion de grupos
asignacion <- cbind(df,cluster=segmentos$cluster)
asignacion
## x y cluster
## 1 2 10 3
## 2 2 5 2
## 3 8 4 1
## 4 5 8 3
## 5 7 5 1
## 6 6 4 1
## 7 1 2 2
## 8 4 9 3
# 5. Graficar resultados
# install.packages("ggplot2")
# install.packages("factoextra")
library(ggplot2)
library(factoextra)
## Welcome! Want to learn more? See two factoextra-related books at https://goo.gl/ve3WBa
fviz_cluster(segmentos, data=df,
palette=c("gray","lightblue","darkgreen"),
ellipse.type = "euclid",
star.plot = T,
repel= T,
ggtheme = theme()
)
## Too few points to calculate an ellipse
## Too few points to calculate an ellipse
## Too few points to calculate an ellipse

# Optimizar
library(cluster)
library(data.table)
set.seed(123)
optimizacion <-clusGap(df,FUN = kmeans, nstart=1,K.max = 7)
plot(optimizacion, xlab= "numero de clusters k")

#El punto mas alto de la grafica indica la cantidad de grupos optimos
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