Table 1
|
No
(N=2041) |
Yes
(N=843) |
P-value |
| Cohort |
|
|
|
| Original |
1431 (70.1%) |
510 (60.5%) |
<0.001 |
| Expansion |
339 (16.6%) |
193 (22.9%) |
|
| Replacement |
271 (13.3%) |
140 (16.6%) |
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
| Female |
1139 (55.8%) |
485 (57.5%) |
0.419 |
| Male |
902 (44.2%) |
358 (42.5%) |
|
| Age at Death |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
86.6 (7.18) |
89.2 (6.65) |
<0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
87.2 [66.4, 108] |
89.7 [68.9, 106] |
|
| Year of Death |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
2010 (6.80) |
2010 (6.04) |
<0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
2010 [1990, 2020] |
2010 [2000, 2020] |
|
| race_cat_simp_adjusted |
|
|
|
| Non-White |
220 (10.8%) |
50 (5.9%) |
<0.001 |
| White |
1821 (89.2%) |
793 (94.1%) |
|
| APOE_adjusted_no |
|
|
|
| - APOE e4 |
1586 (77.7%) |
618 (73.3%) |
0.013 |
| + APOE e4 |
455 (22.3%) |
225 (26.7%) |
|
| Ever Smoker |
|
|
|
| No |
929 (45.5%) |
379 (45.0%) |
0.816 |
| Yes |
1112 (54.5%) |
464 (55.0%) |
|
| alcohol_cat_adjusted |
|
|
|
| Never |
432 (21.2%) |
156 (18.5%) |
0.026 |
| Former |
581 (28.5%) |
216 (25.6%) |
|
| Current |
1028 (50.4%) |
471 (55.9%) |
|
| exercise_cat_adjusted |
|
|
|
| No |
679 (33.3%) |
252 (29.9%) |
0.086 |
| Yes |
1362 (66.7%) |
591 (70.1%) |
|
| Education |
|
|
|
| Less than High School |
271 (13.3%) |
65 (7.7%) |
<0.001 |
| GED |
49 (2.4%) |
12 (1.4%) |
|
| High School |
915 (44.8%) |
342 (40.6%) |
|
| Bachelor's |
391 (19.2%) |
201 (23.8%) |
|
| Master's |
187 (9.2%) |
113 (13.4%) |
|
| Doctorate |
70 (3.4%) |
46 (5.5%) |
|
| Other |
158 (7.7%) |
64 (7.6%) |
|
| education_cat_adjusted |
|
|
|
| < 13 |
815 (39.9%) |
243 (28.8%) |
<0.001 |
| 13-16 |
851 (41.7%) |
367 (43.5%) |
|
| 17+ |
375 (18.4%) |
233 (27.6%) |
|
| nses_z_cx_adjusted |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
-0.656 (0.715) |
-0.692 (0.707) |
0.222 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
-0.775 [-2.66, 2.64] |
-0.791 [-2.66, 2.47] |
|
| PM2.5 Exposure from Death (10 year) |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
8.81 (2.23) |
7.98 (1.67) |
<0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
8.47 [3.77, 17.1] |
7.72 [4.03, 14.6] |
|
| NO2 Exposure from Death (10 year) |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
13.9 (3.80) |
13.4 (3.51) |
<0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
13.4 [4.82, 35.0] |
12.7 [4.88, 30.7] |
|
| Heart_Dis |
|
|
|
| No |
1320 (64.7%) |
587 (69.6%) |
0.012 |
| Yes |
721 (35.3%) |
256 (30.4%) |
|
| Hypertension |
|
|
|
| No |
734 (36.0%) |
337 (40.0%) |
0.047 |
| Yes |
1307 (64.0%) |
506 (60.0%) |
|
| Diabetes |
|
|
|
| No |
1662 (81.4%) |
707 (83.9%) |
0.134 |
| Yes |
379 (18.6%) |
136 (16.1%) |
|
| bmi_adjusted |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
27.4 (4.85) |
26.9 (4.73) |
0.006 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
27.0 [15.7, 50.3] |
26.3 [15.9, 48.9] |
|
| Dementia Status |
|
|
|
| No Dementia |
1363 (66.8%) |
458 (54.3%) |
<0.001 |
| Dementia |
678 (33.2%) |
385 (45.7%) |
|
| Arrhythmia |
|
|
|
| No |
1339 (65.6%) |
553 (65.6%) |
1 |
| Yes |
702 (34.4%) |
290 (34.4%) |
|
| Had Autopsy |
|
|
|
| No |
2041 (100%) |
0 (0%) |
<0.001 |
| Yes |
0 (0%) |
843 (100%) |
|
| CV_DIS_adj |
|
|
|
| 1 |
1804 (88.4%) |
746 (88.5%) |
0.987 |
| 2 |
237 (11.6%) |
97 (11.5%) |
|
| Marital Status |
|
|
|
| Married |
1051 (51.5%) |
457 (54.2%) |
0.198 |
| Not Married |
990 (48.5%) |
386 (45.8%) |
|
| Hipposcampal Sclerosis |
|
|
|
| 0 |
0 (0%) |
693 (82.2%) |
NA |
| 1 |
0 (0%) |
124 (14.7%) |
|
| Missing |
2041 (100%) |
26 (3.1%) |
|
| as.factor(Hippocampal_Sclerosis) |
|
|
|
|
2041 (100%) |
26 (3.1%) |
<0.001 |
| Bilateral |
0 (0%) |
7 (0.8%) |
|
| Missing/Unknown |
0 (0%) |
16 (1.9%) |
|
| None |
0 (0%) |
693 (82.2%) |
|
| Present, but laterality not assessed |
0 (0%) |
90 (10.7%) |
|
| Unilateral |
0 (0%) |
11 (1.3%) |
|
| Lewy Body Disease |
|
|
|
| 0 |
0 (0%) |
657 (77.9%) |
NA |
| 1 |
0 (0%) |
180 (21.4%) |
|
| Missing |
2041 (100%) |
6 (0.7%) |
|
| as.factor(lewybodydis_cat) |
|
|
|
| 1 |
0 (0%) |
656 (77.8%) |
NA |
| 1.5 |
0 (0%) |
1 (0.1%) |
|
| 2 |
0 (0%) |
39 (4.6%) |
|
| 3 |
0 (0%) |
28 (3.3%) |
|
| 4 |
0 (0%) |
38 (4.5%) |
|
| 5 |
0 (0%) |
5 (0.6%) |
|
| 6 |
0 (0%) |
70 (8.3%) |
|
| Missing |
2041 (100%) |
6 (0.7%) |
|
| LATE |
|
|
|
| 0 |
0 (0%) |
430 (51.0%) |
NA |
| 1 |
0 (0%) |
388 (46.0%) |
|
| Missing |
2041 (100%) |
25 (3.0%) |
|
| as.factor(late_stg) |
|
|
|
| 0 |
0 (0%) |
430 (51.0%) |
NA |
| 1 |
0 (0%) |
176 (20.9%) |
|
| 2 |
0 (0%) |
200 (23.7%) |
|
| 3 |
0 (0%) |
12 (1.4%) |
|
| Missing |
2041 (100%) |
25 (3.0%) |
|
| APOE Status |
|
|
|
| - APOE e4 |
1292 (63.3%) |
589 (69.9%) |
0.421 |
| + APOE e4 |
455 (22.3%) |
225 (26.7%) |
|
| Missing |
294 (14.4%) |
29 (3.4%) |
|
Correlation across outcomes
HS vs. LBD
##
## LBD: No LBD: Yes
## HS: No 557 135
## HS: Yes 91 32
HS vs. LATE
##
## LATE: No LATE: Yes
## HS: No 397 280
## HS: Yes 23 95
LBD vs. LATE
##
## LATE: No LATE: Yes
## LBD: No 361 276
## LBD: Yes 68 111
Outcomes by Modifier
By sex
|
Female
(N=485) |
Male
(N=358) |
P-value |
| HS_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
400 (82.5%) |
293 (81.8%) |
1 |
| 1 |
71 (14.6%) |
53 (14.8%) |
|
| Missing |
14 (2.9%) |
12 (3.4%) |
|
| LBD_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
378 (77.9%) |
279 (77.9%) |
1 |
| 1 |
103 (21.2%) |
77 (21.5%) |
|
| Missing |
4 (0.8%) |
2 (0.6%) |
|
| late_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
243 (50.1%) |
187 (52.2%) |
0.614 |
| 1 |
227 (46.8%) |
161 (45.0%) |
|
| Missing |
15 (3.1%) |
10 (2.8%) |
|
By smoking
|
No
(N=379) |
Yes
(N=464) |
P-value |
| HS_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
305 (80.5%) |
388 (83.6%) |
0.332 |
| 1 |
61 (16.1%) |
63 (13.6%) |
|
| Missing |
13 (3.4%) |
13 (2.8%) |
|
| LBD_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
281 (74.1%) |
376 (81.0%) |
0.015 |
| 1 |
96 (25.3%) |
84 (18.1%) |
|
| Missing |
2 (0.5%) |
4 (0.9%) |
|
| late_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
185 (48.8%) |
245 (52.8%) |
0.206 |
| 1 |
185 (48.8%) |
203 (43.8%) |
|
| Missing |
9 (2.4%) |
16 (3.4%) |
|
By age group (< 90 or 90+)
|
< 90
(N=436) |
90+
(N=407) |
P-value |
| HS_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
373 (85.6%) |
320 (78.6%) |
0.008 |
| 1 |
50 (11.5%) |
74 (18.2%) |
|
| Missing |
13 (3.0%) |
13 (3.2%) |
|
| LBD_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
343 (78.7%) |
314 (77.1%) |
0.567 |
| 1 |
89 (20.4%) |
91 (22.4%) |
|
| Missing |
4 (0.9%) |
2 (0.5%) |
|
| late_bi |
|
|
|
| 0 |
252 (57.8%) |
178 (43.7%) |
<0.001 |
| 1 |
165 (37.8%) |
223 (54.8%) |
|
| Missing |
19 (4.4%) |
6 (1.5%) |
|
Table 1 for IPW variables
|
No
(N=2041) |
Yes
(N=843) |
P-value |
| Age at Death |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
86.6 (7.18) |
89.2 (6.65) |
<0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
87.2 [66.4, 108] |
89.7 [68.9, 106] |
|
| Cohort |
|
|
|
| Original |
1431 (70.1%) |
510 (60.5%) |
<0.001 |
| Expansion |
339 (16.6%) |
193 (22.9%) |
|
| Replacement |
271 (13.3%) |
140 (16.6%) |
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
| Female |
1139 (55.8%) |
485 (57.5%) |
0.419 |
| Male |
902 (44.2%) |
358 (42.5%) |
|
| Race |
|
|
|
| Non-White |
220 (10.8%) |
50 (5.9%) |
<0.001 |
| White |
1820 (89.2%) |
793 (94.1%) |
|
| Missing |
1 (0.0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
| NDI |
|
|
|
| Mean (SD) |
-0.655 (0.720) |
-0.691 (0.713) |
0.224 |
| Median [Min, Max] |
-0.782 [-2.66, 2.64] |
-0.805 [-2.66, 2.47] |
|
| Missing |
26 (1.3%) |
14 (1.7%) |
|
| education_cat |
|
|
|
| < 13 |
815 (39.9%) |
243 (28.8%) |
<0.001 |
| 13-16 |
850 (41.6%) |
367 (43.5%) |
|
| 17+ |
375 (18.4%) |
233 (27.6%) |
|
| Missing |
1 (0.0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
| Dementia Status |
|
|
|
| No Dementia |
1363 (66.8%) |
458 (54.3%) |
<0.001 |
| Dementia |
678 (33.2%) |
385 (45.7%) |
|
| Marital Status |
|
|
|
| Married |
1051 (51.5%) |
457 (54.2%) |
0.198 |
| Not Married |
990 (48.5%) |
386 (45.8%) |
|
Primary Models
hs_mod1_pm25_primary <- glm(HS_bi ~
exp_avgdeath_10_yr_ST_pm25_iqr +
age_death_yrs_centered +
male_cat,
data = autopsy_dead, weights = ipw_final_truncated,family = "binomial")
hs_mod2_pm25_primary <- glm(HS_bi ~
exp_avgdeath_10_yr_ST_pm25_iqr +
age_death_yrs_centered +
male_cat +
race_cat_simp +
nses_z_cx +
splines::bs(death_year_centered) +
apoe +
cohort_cat +
degree_cat,
data = autopsy_dead, weights = ipw_final_truncated,family = "binomial")
hs_mod3_pm25_primary <- glm(HS_bi ~
exp_avgdeath_10_yr_ST_pm25_iqr +
age_death_yrs_centered +
male_cat +
race_cat_simp +
nses_z_cx +
splines::bs(death_year_centered) +
apoe +
smoke_bi_adjusted +
exercise_cat +
alcohol_cat +
cohort_cat +
degree_cat +
bmi +
diabetes_cat_tv +
HTN_cat_tv +
Heart_Dis_tv,
data = autopsy_dead, weights = ipw_final_truncated,family = "binomial")
hs_mod2_pm25_htnmod<- glm(HS_bi ~
exp_avgdeath_10_yr_ST_pm25_iqr*male_cat +
age_death_yrs_centered +
race_cat_simp +
nses_z_cx +
splines::bs(death_year_centered) +
apoe +
cohort_cat +
education_cat,
data = autopsy_dead, weights = ipw_final_90l_truncated,family = "binomial")
hs_mod2_pm25_htnmod<- glm(HS_bi ~
exp_avgdeath_10_yr_ST_pm25_iqr*smoke_bi_adjusted +
age_death_yrs_centered +
race_cat_simp +
nses_z_cx +
splines::bs(death_year_centered) +
apoe +
cohort_cat +
education_cat,
data = autopsy_dead, weights = ipw_final_90l_truncated,family = "binomial")
Aim 1: Lewy Body Pathologies
Hippocampal sclerosis
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.020
|
0.000 – 15.532
|
0.260
|
0.020
|
0.000 – 0.597
|
0.038
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.011
|
0.860 – 1.187
|
0.897
|
|
|
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
34.148
|
0.051 – 82199.410
|
0.327
|
32.898
|
0.050 – 76589.582
|
0.330
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
0.817
|
0.056 – 12.405
|
0.882
|
0.783
|
0.054 – 11.899
|
0.858
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
182.258
|
1.335 – 56601.944
|
0.052
|
171.569
|
1.275 – 52133.411
|
0.054
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.386
|
0.901 – 2.132
|
0.136
|
1.394
|
0.905 – 2.144
|
0.131
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
0.847
|
0.415 – 1.905
|
0.666
|
0.860
|
0.420 – 1.940
|
0.697
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.915
|
0.664 – 1.250
|
0.580
|
0.897
|
0.656 – 1.220
|
0.493
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.893
|
0.004 – 257.347
|
0.968
|
0.698
|
0.006 – 101.703
|
0.884
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.069
|
0.003 – 1.540
|
0.092
|
0.061
|
0.010 – 0.390
|
0.003
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
2.320
|
0.027 – 211.599
|
0.712
|
2.038
|
0.140 – 35.398
|
0.612
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.476
|
0.929 – 2.314
|
0.094
|
1.475
|
0.929 – 2.311
|
0.094
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.494
|
0.855 – 2.564
|
0.150
|
1.437
|
0.815 – 2.484
|
0.201
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.732
|
0.331 – 1.534
|
0.423
|
0.720
|
0.325 – 1.511
|
0.400
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.290
|
0.799 – 2.102
|
0.301
|
1.262
|
0.779 – 2.062
|
0.347
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.144
|
0.619 – 2.082
|
0.662
|
1.109
|
0.597 – 2.026
|
0.740
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.053
|
0.935 – 1.177
|
0.376
|
|
Observations
|
817
|
817
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.060
|
0.062
|
Stratified, PM2.5
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 0.639
|
0.068
|
2.251
|
0.001 – 7704.217
|
0.847
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.066
|
0.835 – 1.349
|
0.601
|
0.978
|
0.784 – 1.231
|
0.849
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
678349.326
|
0.559 – 159623888078445.406
|
0.120
|
0.885
|
0.028 – 33.803
|
0.946
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
99.065
|
0.189 – 1568927.502
|
0.260
|
3.087
|
0.032 – 209.011
|
0.607
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
5042.737
|
1.117 – 1144941116.463
|
0.113
|
13.561
|
0.039 – 14170.559
|
0.393
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.615
|
0.848 – 3.112
|
0.146
|
1.358
|
0.755 – 2.426
|
0.302
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
0.619
|
0.234 – 1.859
|
0.358
|
1.398
|
0.486 – 5.103
|
0.568
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.900
|
0.550 – 1.452
|
0.668
|
0.928
|
0.612 – 1.385
|
0.720
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
27.558
|
0.007 – 148781.615
|
0.437
|
0.004
|
0.000 – 3.507
|
0.104
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.094
|
0.001 – 8.289
|
0.309
|
0.035
|
0.001 – 2.075
|
0.104
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
37.065
|
0.038 – 38159.235
|
0.302
|
0.111
|
0.000 – 28.124
|
0.430
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.032
|
0.500 – 2.045
|
0.929
|
2.370
|
1.276 – 4.348
|
0.006
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.372
|
0.536 – 3.327
|
0.493
|
1.383
|
0.684 – 2.713
|
0.354
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.536
|
0.124 – 2.029
|
0.377
|
0.675
|
0.237 – 1.704
|
0.430
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.446
|
0.676 – 3.201
|
0.348
|
1.200
|
0.649 – 2.237
|
0.561
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.631
|
0.644 – 4.124
|
0.298
|
0.853
|
0.370 – 1.886
|
0.701
|
|
Observations
|
423
|
394
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.039
|
0.079
|
Stratified, NO2
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 0.119
|
0.047
|
0.493
|
0.015 – 15.064
|
0.683
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
1.015
|
0.828 – 1.216
|
0.876
|
1.075
|
0.920 – 1.243
|
0.344
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
687217.285
|
0.667 – 145160948944982.656
|
0.115
|
1.004
|
0.031 – 38.951
|
0.998
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
97.485
|
0.199 – 1504281.813
|
0.256
|
2.461
|
0.025 – 170.059
|
0.682
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
4893.468
|
1.195 – 1046807959.499
|
0.110
|
15.397
|
0.044 – 16313.452
|
0.370
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.622
|
0.851 – 3.130
|
0.143
|
1.397
|
0.775 – 2.504
|
0.262
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
0.643
|
0.247 – 1.912
|
0.391
|
1.538
|
0.531 – 5.699
|
0.467
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.923
|
0.571 – 1.480
|
0.740
|
0.888
|
0.590 – 1.320
|
0.560
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
7.834
|
0.009 – 12190.088
|
0.566
|
0.006
|
0.000 – 2.837
|
0.093
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.035
|
0.002 – 0.551
|
0.017
|
0.052
|
0.005 – 0.606
|
0.016
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
8.794
|
0.146 – 739.437
|
0.314
|
0.227
|
0.008 – 7.145
|
0.379
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.051
|
0.511 – 2.076
|
0.888
|
2.391
|
1.285 – 4.395
|
0.005
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.375
|
0.531 – 3.370
|
0.496
|
1.334
|
0.656 – 2.630
|
0.414
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.537
|
0.125 – 2.027
|
0.377
|
0.648
|
0.227 – 1.637
|
0.384
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.438
|
0.669 – 3.198
|
0.359
|
1.164
|
0.626 – 2.179
|
0.632
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.616
|
0.634 – 4.109
|
0.310
|
0.804
|
0.344 – 1.797
|
0.602
|
|
Observations
|
423
|
394
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.038
|
0.083
|
Lewy Body Disease
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.001
|
0.000 – 0.482
|
0.031
|
0.004
|
0.000 – 0.116
|
0.003
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.033
|
0.898 – 1.188
|
0.653
|
|
|
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
437.823
|
0.836 – 518323.730
|
0.072
|
455.900
|
0.880 – 533683.959
|
0.069
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
2.274
|
0.202 – 27.969
|
0.511
|
2.232
|
0.199 – 27.392
|
0.520
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
42.623
|
0.293 – 8794.787
|
0.148
|
44.011
|
0.306 – 9020.576
|
0.144
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.186
|
0.815 – 1.722
|
0.370
|
1.189
|
0.818 – 1.726
|
0.362
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
4.096
|
1.798 – 11.177
|
0.002
|
4.094
|
1.797 – 11.169
|
0.002
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
1.247
|
0.952 – 1.633
|
0.108
|
1.262
|
0.967 – 1.647
|
0.087
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.228
|
0.002 – 34.997
|
0.557
|
0.138
|
0.002 – 13.914
|
0.386
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.636
|
0.041 – 9.885
|
0.746
|
0.386
|
0.076 – 2.123
|
0.259
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
4.584
|
0.098 – 227.173
|
0.440
|
2.356
|
0.205 – 32.174
|
0.504
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.663
|
1.116 – 2.464
|
0.012
|
1.669
|
1.120 – 2.471
|
0.011
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.215
|
0.743 – 1.959
|
0.430
|
1.208
|
0.735 – 1.956
|
0.448
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.997
|
0.542 – 1.809
|
0.993
|
1.001
|
0.543 – 1.817
|
0.998
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.322
|
0.869 – 2.023
|
0.194
|
1.315
|
0.863 – 2.016
|
0.205
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.099
|
0.646 – 1.856
|
0.724
|
1.090
|
0.638 – 1.843
|
0.751
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.007
|
0.905 – 1.113
|
0.901
|
|
Observations
|
837
|
837
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.072
|
0.072
|
Stratified, PM2.5
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 0.016
|
0.017
|
0.025
|
0.000 – 72.322
|
0.376
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.047
|
0.859 – 1.272
|
0.646
|
0.973
|
0.793 – 1.197
|
0.790
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
395484408.973
|
52.782 – 282453021879297632.000
|
0.033
|
0.135
|
0.002 – 7.363
|
0.353
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
65247.915
|
37.112 – 3055986048.934
|
0.017
|
461.679
|
0.469 – 6806372.344
|
0.162
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
427806.922
|
20.859 – 288169655501.986
|
0.030
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 0.977
|
0.169
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.068
|
0.622 – 1.830
|
0.810
|
1.270
|
0.746 – 2.154
|
0.375
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
4.104
|
1.393 – 15.958
|
0.020
|
3.807
|
1.052 – 23.236
|
0.077
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
1.280
|
0.847 – 1.937
|
0.240
|
1.174
|
0.813 – 1.683
|
0.386
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.034
|
0.000 – 34.413
|
0.332
|
8.282
|
0.003 – 181969.686
|
0.639
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.641
|
0.016 – 24.336
|
0.811
|
0.657
|
0.010 – 71.878
|
0.851
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
1.918
|
0.008 – 472.616
|
0.816
|
15.885
|
0.054 – 11681.052
|
0.372
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
2.075
|
1.188 – 3.620
|
0.010
|
1.335
|
0.706 – 2.456
|
0.361
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.154
|
0.519 – 2.470
|
0.718
|
1.384
|
0.729 – 2.576
|
0.311
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
1.267
|
0.473 – 3.327
|
0.633
|
0.703
|
0.280 – 1.629
|
0.428
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.029
|
0.552 – 1.930
|
0.929
|
1.775
|
0.998 – 3.211
|
0.054
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.013
|
0.474 – 2.136
|
0.973
|
1.016
|
0.464 – 2.166
|
0.968
|
|
Observations
|
432
|
405
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.090
|
0.093
|
Stratified, NO2
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 0.008
|
0.013
|
0.007
|
0.000 – 0.600
|
0.058
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
1.012
|
0.861 – 1.174
|
0.882
|
1.030
|
0.885 – 1.186
|
0.691
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
470589834.422
|
63.842 – 350872596300342336.000
|
0.032
|
0.142
|
0.002 – 7.694
|
0.363
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
72853.510
|
41.223 – 3537856661.695
|
0.017
|
412.220
|
0.428 – 5791826.509
|
0.167
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
473753.510
|
23.134 – 331025353961.266
|
0.030
|
0.000
|
0.000 – 1.015
|
0.170
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.074
|
0.624 – 1.843
|
0.795
|
1.292
|
0.755 – 2.203
|
0.347
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
4.116
|
1.404 – 15.938
|
0.020
|
3.952
|
1.096 – 24.103
|
0.069
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
1.305
|
0.872 – 1.959
|
0.196
|
1.144
|
0.797 – 1.640
|
0.462
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.015
|
0.000 – 6.937
|
0.171
|
12.070
|
0.007 – 244362.619
|
0.570
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.320
|
0.038 – 2.786
|
0.295
|
1.003
|
0.053 – 54.763
|
0.999
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
0.703
|
0.024 – 23.860
|
0.840
|
29.828
|
0.448 – 11002.730
|
0.182
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
2.090
|
1.199 – 3.643
|
0.009
|
1.341
|
0.709 – 2.470
|
0.355
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.142
|
0.511 – 2.458
|
0.739
|
1.367
|
0.718 – 2.553
|
0.333
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
1.272
|
0.475 – 3.341
|
0.627
|
0.682
|
0.272 – 1.582
|
0.391
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.023
|
0.547 – 1.926
|
0.943
|
1.764
|
0.989 – 3.196
|
0.057
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.003
|
0.468 – 2.120
|
0.994
|
0.999
|
0.453 – 2.145
|
0.998
|
|
Observations
|
432
|
405
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.090
|
0.093
|
LATE stage
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.067
|
0.000 – 8.684
|
0.284
|
0.014
|
0.000 – 0.245
|
0.007
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
0.966
|
0.861 – 1.083
|
0.554
|
|
|
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
12.717
|
0.057 – 6584.415
|
0.389
|
12.109
|
0.054 – 6244.294
|
0.398
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
46.180
|
5.615 – 383.530
|
<0.001
|
45.599
|
5.546 – 379.051
|
<0.001
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
36.996
|
0.530 – 4629.953
|
0.115
|
33.868
|
0.489 – 4212.052
|
0.124
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.136
|
0.837 – 1.542
|
0.413
|
1.135
|
0.837 – 1.541
|
0.416
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
1.263
|
0.744 – 2.169
|
0.391
|
1.280
|
0.753 – 2.202
|
0.366
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.924
|
0.741 – 1.152
|
0.483
|
0.886
|
0.712 – 1.101
|
0.277
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.799
|
0.013 – 50.007
|
0.915
|
1.267
|
0.032 – 53.941
|
0.901
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.568
|
0.065 – 4.946
|
0.608
|
0.966
|
0.255 – 3.727
|
0.959
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
1.017
|
0.041 – 25.671
|
0.992
|
2.355
|
0.281 – 20.645
|
0.433
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.610
|
1.154 – 2.250
|
0.005
|
1.607
|
1.152 – 2.246
|
0.005
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
0.935
|
0.623 – 1.400
|
0.746
|
0.901
|
0.598 – 1.355
|
0.618
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.814
|
0.484 – 1.362
|
0.434
|
0.790
|
0.469 – 1.323
|
0.371
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.176
|
0.841 – 1.646
|
0.343
|
1.157
|
0.827 – 1.622
|
0.395
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.129
|
0.734 – 1.735
|
0.580
|
1.105
|
0.718 – 1.702
|
0.649
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.055
|
0.968 – 1.151
|
0.225
|
|
Observations
|
818
|
818
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.079
|
0.080
|
Stratified, PM2.5
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.039
|
0.000 – 48.125
|
0.388
|
1.400
|
0.003 – 612.840
|
0.913
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
0.971
|
0.823 – 1.145
|
0.730
|
0.958
|
0.812 – 1.126
|
0.601
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
28.840
|
0.011 – 584545.928
|
0.451
|
0.363
|
0.027 – 4.755
|
0.441
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
5.495
|
0.180 – 604.976
|
0.396
|
33.144
|
0.904 – 1468.434
|
0.058
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
61.784
|
0.613 – 28955.325
|
0.124
|
0.075
|
0.000 – 18.147
|
0.343
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.240
|
0.795 – 1.941
|
0.343
|
1.096
|
0.717 – 1.680
|
0.674
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
1.199
|
0.570 – 2.591
|
0.637
|
1.376
|
0.627 – 3.056
|
0.425
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.882
|
0.629 – 1.230
|
0.460
|
0.911
|
0.678 – 1.221
|
0.532
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.396
|
0.001 – 145.569
|
0.757
|
2.462
|
0.012 – 680.845
|
0.744
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.487
|
0.023 – 10.025
|
0.642
|
0.591
|
0.029 – 12.183
|
0.733
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
1.184
|
0.011 – 132.064
|
0.944
|
1.504
|
0.023 – 105.994
|
0.849
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.819
|
1.140 – 2.908
|
0.012
|
1.187
|
0.723 – 1.962
|
0.499
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
0.829
|
0.433 – 1.565
|
0.566
|
1.000
|
0.590 – 1.699
|
0.999
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.582
|
0.242 – 1.356
|
0.215
|
1.018
|
0.512 – 2.043
|
0.960
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.374
|
0.829 – 2.290
|
0.220
|
0.961
|
0.612 – 1.509
|
0.864
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.511
|
0.799 – 2.870
|
0.204
|
0.786
|
0.439 – 1.403
|
0.415
|
|
Observations
|
417
|
401
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.103
|
0.028
|
Stratified, NO2
|
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.011
|
0.000 – 0.924
|
0.081
|
0.261
|
0.013 – 4.517
|
0.362
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
1.064
|
0.935 – 1.214
|
0.350
|
1.021
|
0.908 – 1.149
|
0.730
|
age death yrs centered
[1st degree]
|
22.424
|
0.009 – 413017.348
|
0.479
|
0.382
|
0.028 – 5.011
|
0.464
|
age death yrs centered
[2nd degree]
|
5.342
|
0.182 – 566.700
|
0.397
|
30.303
|
0.817 – 1348.365
|
0.065
|
age death yrs centered
[3rd degree]
|
52.903
|
0.564 – 23424.118
|
0.133
|
0.080
|
0.000 – 19.592
|
0.356
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.212
|
0.776 – 1.899
|
0.398
|
1.104
|
0.721 – 1.695
|
0.649
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
1.174
|
0.560 – 2.533
|
0.675
|
1.438
|
0.659 – 3.180
|
0.361
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.845
|
0.608 – 1.172
|
0.315
|
0.883
|
0.658 – 1.182
|
0.404
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.552
|
0.003 – 101.060
|
0.822
|
4.406
|
0.030 – 888.199
|
0.564
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.736
|
0.119 – 4.583
|
0.741
|
1.140
|
0.165 – 8.359
|
0.895
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
2.330
|
0.109 – 52.173
|
0.589
|
3.745
|
0.216 – 79.995
|
0.371
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.816
|
1.139 – 2.900
|
0.012
|
1.194
|
0.727 – 1.974
|
0.486
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
0.794
|
0.410 – 1.510
|
0.485
|
0.988
|
0.581 – 1.687
|
0.965
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.574
|
0.239 – 1.339
|
0.205
|
0.992
|
0.499 – 1.992
|
0.982
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.347
|
0.810 – 2.251
|
0.252
|
0.955
|
0.607 – 1.502
|
0.843
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.482
|
0.782 – 2.818
|
0.228
|
0.780
|
0.434 – 1.400
|
0.405
|
|
Observations
|
417
|
401
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.104
|
0.028
|
Aim 2: Modifying effect of sex and smoking
Outcome = Hippocampal sclerosis
Modifier = Sex
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.190
|
0.000 – 96.511
|
0.604
|
0.170
|
0.012 – 2.083
|
0.176
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
0.999
|
0.844 – 1.184
|
0.994
|
|
|
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
0.865
|
0.124 – 5.913
|
0.882
|
0.997
|
0.196 – 5.137
|
0.997
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
1.060
|
1.023 – 1.099
|
0.001
|
1.059
|
1.022 – 1.098
|
0.002
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
0.875
|
0.428 – 1.971
|
0.729
|
0.896
|
0.435 – 2.035
|
0.779
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.905
|
0.657 – 1.238
|
0.538
|
0.890
|
0.651 – 1.210
|
0.459
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
1.099
|
0.005 – 294.376
|
0.973
|
0.838
|
0.008 – 112.254
|
0.942
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.063
|
0.003 – 1.396
|
0.081
|
0.055
|
0.009 – 0.342
|
0.002
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
2.438
|
0.029 – 217.082
|
0.694
|
2.156
|
0.154 – 35.829
|
0.578
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.482
|
0.935 – 2.317
|
0.089
|
1.490
|
0.941 – 2.329
|
0.084
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.517
|
0.870 – 2.595
|
0.133
|
1.470
|
0.837 – 2.533
|
0.171
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.777
|
0.353 – 1.618
|
0.513
|
0.764
|
0.347 – 1.593
|
0.487
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.302
|
0.807 – 2.121
|
0.283
|
1.270
|
0.786 – 2.072
|
0.332
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.161
|
0.626 – 2.120
|
0.630
|
1.111
|
0.599 – 2.029
|
0.734
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × male cat
[Male]
|
1.023
|
0.930 – 1.127
|
0.638
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.033
|
0.884 – 1.192
|
0.670
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × male cat [Male]
|
|
|
|
1.043
|
0.842 – 1.289
|
0.696
|
|
Observations
|
817
|
817
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.052
|
0.053
|
Modifier = Smoking
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.191
|
0.000 – 101.674
|
0.606
|
0.209
|
0.013 – 2.833
|
0.249
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.002
|
0.843 – 1.191
|
0.978
|
|
|
|
|
smoke bi adjusted [Yes]
|
0.623
|
0.089 – 4.248
|
0.631
|
0.524
|
0.102 – 2.648
|
0.435
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
1.058
|
1.020 – 1.098
|
0.002
|
1.057
|
1.019 – 1.097
|
0.003
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.383
|
0.893 – 2.139
|
0.144
|
1.400
|
0.906 – 2.162
|
0.128
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
0.865
|
0.423 – 1.946
|
0.706
|
0.874
|
0.427 – 1.969
|
0.727
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.902
|
0.655 – 1.234
|
0.523
|
0.890
|
0.651 – 1.210
|
0.462
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
1.212
|
0.005 – 331.518
|
0.945
|
0.898
|
0.009 – 121.420
|
0.965
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.062
|
0.003 – 1.376
|
0.079
|
0.053
|
0.009 – 0.333
|
0.001
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
2.678
|
0.032 – 240.467
|
0.665
|
2.299
|
0.163 – 38.606
|
0.548
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.471
|
0.927 – 2.302
|
0.095
|
1.460
|
0.920 – 2.286
|
0.102
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.531
|
0.878 – 2.619
|
0.126
|
1.471
|
0.837 – 2.537
|
0.171
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.767
|
0.348 – 1.600
|
0.493
|
0.751
|
0.341 – 1.568
|
0.460
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.276
|
0.791 – 2.077
|
0.321
|
1.247
|
0.770 – 2.033
|
0.372
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.117
|
0.603 – 2.035
|
0.721
|
1.091
|
0.587 – 1.997
|
0.779
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × smoke bi
adjusted [Yes]
|
1.016
|
0.922 – 1.122
|
0.755
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.018
|
0.855 – 1.191
|
0.830
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × smoke bi adjusted
[Yes]
|
|
|
|
1.065
|
0.863 – 1.321
|
0.558
|
|
Observations
|
817
|
817
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.053
|
0.053
|
Outcome = Lewy Body Disease category
Modifier = Sex
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.021
|
0.000 – 4.547
|
0.162
|
0.061
|
0.004 – 0.695
|
0.029
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.012
|
0.874 – 1.171
|
0.875
|
|
|
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
0.550
|
0.097 – 3.013
|
0.493
|
0.695
|
0.166 – 2.915
|
0.617
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
1.004
|
0.974 – 1.036
|
0.783
|
1.005
|
0.974 – 1.037
|
0.750
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
4.018
|
1.765 – 10.961
|
0.002
|
4.050
|
1.773 – 11.072
|
0.002
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
1.239
|
0.946 – 1.620
|
0.119
|
1.254
|
0.961 – 1.638
|
0.095
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.677
|
0.006 – 97.858
|
0.876
|
0.322
|
0.004 – 30.125
|
0.613
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.857
|
0.057 – 13.219
|
0.912
|
0.488
|
0.097 – 2.673
|
0.394
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
7.924
|
0.179 – 375.271
|
0.288
|
3.635
|
0.326 – 48.628
|
0.310
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.711
|
1.151 – 2.529
|
0.007
|
1.728
|
1.163 – 2.554
|
0.006
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.239
|
0.760 – 1.994
|
0.382
|
1.254
|
0.765 – 2.026
|
0.362
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.993
|
0.542 – 1.792
|
0.981
|
0.994
|
0.542 – 1.797
|
0.985
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.331
|
0.875 – 2.037
|
0.185
|
1.316
|
0.865 – 2.015
|
0.203
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.110
|
0.652 – 1.876
|
0.697
|
1.077
|
0.632 – 1.818
|
0.784
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × male cat
[Male]
|
1.042
|
0.955 – 1.139
|
0.361
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
0.973
|
0.846 – 1.108
|
0.691
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × male cat [Male]
|
|
|
|
1.079
|
0.890 – 1.306
|
0.436
|
|
Observations
|
837
|
837
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.071
|
0.071
|
Modifier = Smoking
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.015
|
0.000 – 3.479
|
0.133
|
0.029
|
0.002 – 0.349
|
0.007
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
1.045
|
0.901 – 1.213
|
0.557
|
|
|
|
|
smoke bi adjusted [Yes]
|
0.869
|
0.157 – 4.736
|
0.871
|
2.290
|
0.546 – 9.925
|
0.262
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
0.998
|
0.967 – 1.030
|
0.894
|
0.996
|
0.965 – 1.028
|
0.796
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.296
|
0.885 – 1.897
|
0.181
|
1.298
|
0.887 – 1.899
|
0.178
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
4.031
|
1.766 – 11.019
|
0.002
|
4.079
|
1.783 – 11.161
|
0.002
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
1.244
|
0.948 – 1.629
|
0.113
|
1.242
|
0.949 – 1.627
|
0.114
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.594
|
0.005 – 85.641
|
0.834
|
0.361
|
0.005 – 35.347
|
0.653
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.801
|
0.054 – 12.188
|
0.872
|
0.472
|
0.093 – 2.605
|
0.374
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
8.250
|
0.185 – 392.957
|
0.279
|
4.095
|
0.359 – 56.271
|
0.272
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.679
|
1.127 – 2.487
|
0.010
|
1.733
|
1.162 – 2.572
|
0.007
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
1.254
|
0.767 – 2.021
|
0.358
|
1.239
|
0.753 – 2.010
|
0.392
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.950
|
0.516 – 1.723
|
0.868
|
0.954
|
0.517 – 1.733
|
0.879
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.298
|
0.853 – 1.988
|
0.226
|
1.309
|
0.858 – 2.008
|
0.214
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.026
|
0.600 – 1.738
|
0.925
|
0.994
|
0.578 – 1.690
|
0.981
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × smoke bi
adjusted [Yes]
|
0.983
|
0.900 – 1.075
|
0.705
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.101
|
0.959 – 1.256
|
0.161
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × smoke bi adjusted
[Yes]
|
|
|
|
0.836
|
0.685 – 1.013
|
0.071
|
|
Observations
|
837
|
837
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.076
|
0.079
|
Outcome = LATE stage
Modifier = Sex
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
0.997
|
0.012 – 82.783
|
0.999
|
0.250
|
0.033 – 1.811
|
0.175
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
0.976
|
0.866 – 1.099
|
0.686
|
|
|
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.762
|
0.398 – 7.943
|
0.457
|
0.984
|
0.287 – 3.362
|
0.980
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
1.089
|
1.061 – 1.118
|
<0.001
|
1.088
|
1.060 – 1.117
|
<0.001
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
1.227
|
0.722 – 2.111
|
0.453
|
1.268
|
0.743 – 2.193
|
0.388
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.927
|
0.743 – 1.156
|
0.503
|
0.887
|
0.713 – 1.102
|
0.279
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.947
|
0.017 – 55.642
|
0.979
|
1.500
|
0.041 – 60.054
|
0.827
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.648
|
0.075 – 5.572
|
0.693
|
1.105
|
0.297 – 4.209
|
0.882
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
1.164
|
0.048 – 28.530
|
0.926
|
2.645
|
0.328 – 22.532
|
0.366
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.636
|
1.175 – 2.283
|
0.004
|
1.631
|
1.171 – 2.275
|
0.004
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
0.931
|
0.621 – 1.393
|
0.729
|
0.894
|
0.593 – 1.343
|
0.590
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.773
|
0.461 – 1.288
|
0.324
|
0.754
|
0.449 – 1.258
|
0.281
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.163
|
0.831 – 1.628
|
0.379
|
1.152
|
0.823 – 1.615
|
0.411
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.105
|
0.719 – 1.699
|
0.648
|
1.094
|
0.711 – 1.683
|
0.683
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × male cat
[Male]
|
0.978
|
0.907 – 1.054
|
0.567
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.045
|
0.937 – 1.168
|
0.431
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × male cat [Male]
|
|
|
|
1.021
|
0.868 – 1.202
|
0.799
|
|
Observations
|
818
|
818
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.081
|
0.081
|
Modifier = Smoking
|
|
PM 2.5
|
NO2
|
|
Predictors
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
Odds Ratios
|
CI
|
p
|
|
(Intercept)
|
1.038
|
0.012 – 89.909
|
0.987
|
0.165
|
0.020 – 1.277
|
0.088
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr
|
0.974
|
0.861 – 1.101
|
0.672
|
|
|
|
|
smoke bi adjusted [Yes]
|
1.297
|
0.294 – 5.688
|
0.731
|
1.878
|
0.555 – 6.471
|
0.313
|
|
age death yrs centered
|
1.088
|
1.060 – 1.117
|
<0.001
|
1.086
|
1.058 – 1.116
|
<0.001
|
|
male cat [Male]
|
1.158
|
0.850 – 1.578
|
0.353
|
1.158
|
0.851 – 1.577
|
0.352
|
race cat simp adjusted
[White]
|
1.240
|
0.731 – 2.130
|
0.429
|
1.251
|
0.736 – 2.157
|
0.412
|
|
nses z cx adjusted
|
0.926
|
0.743 – 1.155
|
0.497
|
0.884
|
0.710 – 1.099
|
0.268
|
death year centered [1st
degree]
|
0.946
|
0.017 – 55.658
|
0.979
|
1.470
|
0.040 – 59.142
|
0.836
|
death year centered [2nd
degree]
|
0.640
|
0.074 – 5.492
|
0.684
|
1.090
|
0.292 – 4.153
|
0.899
|
death year centered [3rd
degree]
|
1.147
|
0.047 – 28.020
|
0.933
|
2.622
|
0.324 – 22.389
|
0.371
|
|
APOE adjusted no+ APOE e4
|
1.628
|
1.169 – 2.273
|
0.004
|
1.648
|
1.182 – 2.303
|
0.003
|
|
cohort cat [Expansion]
|
0.927
|
0.618 – 1.387
|
0.712
|
0.889
|
0.589 – 1.336
|
0.571
|
|
cohort cat [Replacement]
|
0.773
|
0.461 – 1.289
|
0.324
|
0.754
|
0.449 – 1.258
|
0.281
|
|
education_cat_adjusted13-16
|
1.171
|
0.837 – 1.640
|
0.357
|
1.158
|
0.827 – 1.625
|
0.394
|
education cat adjusted
[17+]
|
1.116
|
0.726 – 1.715
|
0.616
|
1.084
|
0.703 – 1.669
|
0.715
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST
pm25 iqr × smoke bi
adjusted [Yes]
|
0.986
|
0.914 – 1.063
|
0.705
|
|
|
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr
|
|
|
|
1.112
|
0.979 – 1.269
|
0.109
|
exp avgdeath 10 yr ST no2
iqr × smoke bi adjusted
[Yes]
|
|
|
|
0.914
|
0.775 – 1.074
|
0.278
|
|
Observations
|
818
|
818
|
|
R2 Tjur
|
0.080
|
0.083
|
Summarizing All Results
Tables to Summarize Aim 1
Model 2
|
|
Overall
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Outcome
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
1.011
|
0.861, 1.187
|
1.066
|
0.839, 1.353
|
0.978
|
0.781, 1.225
|
|
LBD
|
1.033
|
0.898, 1.187
|
1.047
|
0.861, 1.273
|
0.973
|
0.792, 1.194
|
|
LATE
|
0.966
|
0.862, 1.083
|
0.971
|
0.824, 1.145
|
0.958
|
0.814, 1.127
|
Model 3
|
|
Overall
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Outcome
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
pm25 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
1.006
|
0.855, 1.184
|
1.082
|
0.845, 1.384
|
0.945
|
0.753, 1.186
|
|
LBD
|
1.022
|
0.887, 1.178
|
1.016
|
0.829, 1.244
|
0.946
|
0.765, 1.171
|
|
LATE
|
0.961
|
0.856, 1.078
|
0.956
|
0.809, 1.131
|
0.962
|
0.814, 1.138
|
Model 2
|
|
Overall
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Outcome
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
1.053
|
0.939, 1.18
|
1.015
|
0.839, 1.228
|
1.075
|
0.926, 1.247
|
|
LBD
|
1.007
|
0.908, 1.115
|
1.012
|
0.868, 1.179
|
1.030
|
0.891, 1.19
|
|
LATE
|
1.055
|
0.968, 1.15
|
1.064
|
0.934, 1.211
|
1.021
|
0.908, 1.147
|
Model 3
|
|
Overall
|
< 90
|
90+
|
|
Outcome
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
NO2 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
1.057
|
0.942, 1.186
|
1.033
|
0.856, 1.247
|
1.101
|
0.944, 1.284
|
|
LBD
|
1.004
|
0.904, 1.115
|
1.005
|
0.854, 1.184
|
1.015
|
0.875, 1.178
|
|
LATE
|
1.055
|
0.966, 1.151
|
1.061
|
0.928, 1.212
|
1.007
|
0.893, 1.136
|
Tables to Summarize Aim 2
PM2.5
|
|
Modifier = No
|
Modifier = Yes
|
|
|
Modifier
|
PM2.5 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
PM2.5 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
Ratio
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
|
Sex
|
0.999
|
0.844, 1.184
|
0.988
|
0.745, 1.311
|
1.023
|
0.93, 1.126
|
|
Smoking
|
1.002
|
0.844, 1.191
|
0.998
|
0.751, 1.326
|
1.016
|
0.921, 1.12
|
|
LBD
|
|
Sex
|
1.012
|
0.874, 1.171
|
1.068
|
0.87, 1.311
|
1.042
|
0.954, 1.138
|
|
Smoking
|
1.045
|
0.901, 1.213
|
1.059
|
0.864, 1.299
|
0.983
|
0.9, 1.074
|
|
LATE
|
|
Sex
|
0.976
|
0.866, 1.099
|
0.886
|
0.734, 1.07
|
0.978
|
0.907, 1.055
|
|
Smoking
|
0.974
|
0.862, 1.101
|
0.921
|
0.768, 1.104
|
0.986
|
0.914, 1.062
|
NO2
|
|
Modifier = No
|
Modifier = Yes
|
|
|
Modifier
|
PM2.5 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
PM2.5 Effect Estimate
|
95% CI
|
Ratio
|
95% CI
|
|
HS
|
|
Sex
|
1.033
|
0.89, 1.199
|
1.128
|
0.886, 1.436
|
1.043
|
0.844, 1.289
|
|
Smoking
|
1.018
|
0.864, 1.2
|
1.180
|
0.944, 1.475
|
1.065
|
0.862, 1.317
|
|
LBD
|
|
Sex
|
0.973
|
0.851, 1.113
|
1.072
|
0.875, 1.315
|
1.079
|
0.892, 1.305
|
|
Smoking
|
1.101
|
0.963, 1.258
|
0.953
|
0.77, 1.179
|
0.836
|
0.688, 1.016
|
|
LATE
|
|
Sex
|
1.045
|
0.937, 1.166
|
0.956
|
0.788, 1.16
|
1.021
|
0.869, 1.201
|
|
Smoking
|
1.112
|
0.977, 1.265
|
0.958
|
0.811, 1.131
|
0.914
|
0.777, 1.075
|
Bootstrapped Results
Aims 1 and 2
Unstratified Results: PM2.5
Unstratified Results: NO2
Co-pollutant model results
