Introducción

A continuación presentremos un listado de las estadísticas descriptivas básicas para el análisis de datos y posteriormente veremos como realizar los cálculos con los códigos en R:

Estadísticas de Tendencia Central

  • Promedio
  • Mediana
  • Moda
#Generamos 100 datos aleatorios
x <- rnorm(100,5,2)
#Visualizamos los datos
print(x)
##   [1]  6.007395  3.041054  5.917370  1.939995  4.065259  4.057107  6.239171
##   [8]  4.854002  5.317369  2.341175  5.282406  6.853142  5.971030  3.605151
##  [15]  7.953116  4.618780  6.698888  4.462816  7.795068  3.031255  2.815164
##  [22]  4.060436  6.087645  5.878889  6.244591  7.102010  5.953896  8.485672
##  [29]  6.126295  6.021774  5.729448  7.121488  6.854333  6.076182  5.571828
##  [36]  5.480302  6.254456  5.226383  1.843786  4.175137  6.922661  7.802755
##  [43]  6.823745  5.368729  7.063724  5.041141  4.564167  6.873255  7.273676
##  [50]  4.867797  4.539263  3.602626  3.110885  6.136024  7.050610  2.191765
##  [57]  6.001700  3.401775  1.685891  4.618689  5.326953  5.721293  6.493889
##  [64]  5.354208  3.951132  5.548797  3.286497  6.093054  4.239239  6.017990
##  [71] 10.461736  1.895972  6.655175  2.506017  3.196407  5.141932  3.490654
##  [78]  6.147377  4.769390  4.041746  2.870105  6.855393  6.753962  2.534978
##  [85]  5.686935  5.215297  6.235203  5.585724  5.544341  7.083166  6.326302
##  [92]  8.772992  5.611770  7.376585  5.719376  3.730929  8.151065  2.815166
##  [99]  6.272606  2.747473
#Calculamos la media
mean(x)
## [1] 5.30331

Gráficos en R

A continuación mostraremos un ejemplo de como generar un histograma

hist(x, col="green")

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