1 Introduction

This study examined from a gender-sensitive perspective the associations of exclusion from social relations (ESR) with the quality of life (QoL) of excluded older persons. Being satisfied with existing relations (i.e., network satisfaction) may be particularly important for the QoL of older persons with small networks, whereas the QoL of “network-less” older persons may be associated with their perception of solitude (i.e., solitude satisfaction). This study examined the moderating role of network satisfaction (NS) in the gendered associations between network size and QoL, as well as the gendered associations of solitude satisfaction (SS) with the QoL of older “network-less” persons. In addition, the comparative disadvantages in the QoL of “network-less” older persons with low-to-high SS, compared to the QoL of socially embedded persons with low-to-high NS were examined. Cross-sectional gender stratified secondary analyses of data from participants (N = 72.433) in the Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) did not provide convincing evidence that a higher NS is particularly important for the QoL of older persons with smaller networks. Among older “network-less” persons, lower SS was associated with lower QoL, comparatively more so among older women. Older persons embedded in a social network with low NS, as well as older “network-less” persons with low SS, have comparatively the lowest levels of QoL. It was concluded that the subjective evaluation of social relations and the subjective evaluation of solitude are associated with gendered disadvantages in the QoL of older persons challenged by ESR.

2 Objection

  • https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/473930/1/CES_WP_4_DecomposingtheEffectsofDigitalizationonWorkers%27JobSatisfaction.pdf

  • Bolli and Pusterla (2022)

  • H1: Digitalization decreases job satisfaction by increasing time pressure at work

  • H2: Digitalization decreases job satisfaction by increasing the fear of losing one’s job.

  • H3: Digitalization decreases job satisfaction by deteriorating the work-life balance

  • H4: Digitalization decreases job satisfaction by smoothing the transition between working hours and leisure time

  • H5: Digitalization increases job satisfaction by making work more interesting.

  • H6: Digitalization increases job satisfaction by reducing the proportion of repetitive tasks

  • H7: Digitalization increases job satisfaction by increasing productivity.

  • H8: Digitalization increases job satisfaction by increasing autonomy at work.

3 Methodology

  • \[" Job Satisfaction "" S "_(i)=alpha+sum_(c=1)^(10)beta _(c)" Job Characteristic "c_(i)^(c)+etaX_(i)+vartheta _(i)\]

5 SHARE Corona Survey (SCS): Release Guide 8.0.0

The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) is a multidisciplinary and cross-national panel database of micro data on health, socio-economic status and social and family networks of individuals aged 50 or older. SHARE started in 2004 with representative samples of individuals aged 50+ in 11 European countries as a reaction to the growing challenges of population ageing. To date, SHARE conducted eight waves of data collection and covers all continental EU countries plus Switzerland and Israel. SHARE explores this cross-country setting as ‘natural laboratory’ across scientific disciplines and over time in order to turn the challenges of population ageing into opportunities and provide policy makers with reliable information for evidence based policies.

SHARE applies a concept of ex-ante harmonisation: there is one common generic questionnaire that our country teams translate into the national languages (in some countries more than one language) using an internet based translation tool. However, some internationally highly diverse variables require country-specific measurements and ex-post harmonisation, for example in the areas of education (ISCED) or occupation (ISCO, NACE). Usually, SHARE data collection is based on computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) because it makes the execution of physical tests possible. The interviewers conduct face-to-face interviews using a laptop on which the CAPI instrument is installed

between June and August 2020 (1st SCS) and one year later between June and August 2021 (2nd SCS). For further information on the regular SHARE CAPI data, please see Release Guide 8.0.0

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References

Bolli, Thomas, and Filippo Pusterla. 2022. “Decomposing the Effects of Digitalization on Workers’ Job Satisfaction.” International Review of Economics 69 (June). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12232-022-00392-6.
Pavlidis, George, Thomas Hansen, Andreas Motel-Klingebiel, and Marja Aartsen. 2022. “Network and Solitude Satisfaction as Modifiers of Disadvantages in the Quality of Life of Older Persons Who Are Challenged by Exclusion from Social Relations: A Gender Stratified Analysis.” Applied Research in Quality of Life 17 (5): 2859–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-022-10045-z.
Scherpenzeel, Annette, Kathrin Axt, Michael Bergmann, Salima Douhou, Andrea Oepen, Gregor Sand, Karin Schuller, Stephanie Stuck, Melanie Wagner, and Axel Börsch-Supan. 2020. “Collecting Survey Data Among the 50+ Population During the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).” Survey Research Methods 14 (2): 217–21. https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2020.v14i2.7738.