Figure 2: Daily flight numbers were highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Points represent individual day results while the line represents a smoothed trendline

Figure 2: Daily flight numbers were highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Points represent individual day results while the line represents a smoothed trendline

Figure 3: Average Daily Black Carbon showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in late summer through fall and reaching a nadir in late winter and spring. The Smith Street sensor exhibits avriability not seen at other sites (might be a result of code).

Figure 3: Average Daily Black Carbon showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in late summer through fall and reaching a nadir in late winter and spring. The Smith Street sensor exhibits avriability not seen at other sites (might be a result of code).

Figure 3: Average Daily Black Carbon showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in late summer through fall and reaching a nadir in late winter and spring. The Smith Street sensor exhibits avriability not seen at other sites (might be a result of code).

Figure 3: Average Daily Black Carbon showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in late summer through fall and reaching a nadir in late winter and spring. The Smith Street sensor exhibits avriability not seen at other sites (might be a result of code).

Figure 4: Average Daily Ultrafine Particle Counts showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in winter and reaching a nadir in the summer. The Smith street trendline is flattened due to missing data from 2021-12-27 to 2022-03-31, which is typically a seasonal high.

Figure 4: Average Daily Ultrafine Particle Counts showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in winter and reaching a nadir in the summer. The Smith street trendline is flattened due to missing data from 2021-12-27 to 2022-03-31, which is typically a seasonal high.

Figure 4: Average Daily Ultrafine Particle Counts showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in winter and reaching a nadir in the summer. The Smith street trendline is flattened due to missing data from 2021-12-27 to 2022-03-31, which is typically a seasonal high.

Figure 4: Average Daily Ultrafine Particle Counts showed clear seasonal trends, peaking in winter and reaching a nadir in the summer. The Smith street trendline is flattened due to missing data from 2021-12-27 to 2022-03-31, which is typically a seasonal high.

Figure 5: Average hourly Black Carbon followed a consistent trend across all sites of a strong peak in morning and the evening, accompanied by subsequnt decreases during mid-day and in the early morning.

Figure 5: Average hourly Black Carbon followed a consistent trend across all sites of a strong peak in morning and the evening, accompanied by subsequnt decreases during mid-day and in the early morning.

Figure 6: Average hourly ultrafine particle count displayed more variability than was observed in previous reports. As in previous reports, increases were noted in the morning and evening. A third peak is observed for the Fieldview sensor in the afternoon, while a large increase is observed at Lydick in the evening, the cause of which has yet to be identified. There was significantly more variablilty between sensors than was observed for black carbon.

Figure 6: Average hourly ultrafine particle count displayed more variability than was observed in previous reports. As in previous reports, increases were noted in the morning and evening. A third peak is observed for the Fieldview sensor in the afternoon, while a large increase is observed at Lydick in the evening, the cause of which has yet to be identified. There was significantly more variablilty between sensors than was observed for black carbon.

Figure 7: Flight activity by hour of the day closely matches human activity by hour of the day, with the peak happening in early afternoon and almost no flights occurring between midnight and 5 AM.

Figure 7: Flight activity by hour of the day closely matches human activity by hour of the day, with the peak happening in early afternoon and almost no flights occurring between midnight and 5 AM.

Figure 8: Wind speed shows directional trends, with winds from the North-West hiving higher windspeed than those from the SOuth and South-East. While high wind speeds were observed from the east, there were only four days with winds recorded from that direction.

Figure 8: Wind speed shows directional trends, with winds from the North-West hiving higher windspeed than those from the SOuth and South-East. While high wind speeds were observed from the east, there were only four days with winds recorded from that direction.

Figure 9: Wind speed is negatievly correlated with number of daily flights.

Figure 9: Wind speed is negatievly correlated with number of daily flights.

Figure 10: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Smith Street site.

Figure 10: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Smith Street site.

Figure 11: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Fieldview site.

Figure 11: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Fieldview site.

Figure 12: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Pembroke site.

Figure 12: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Pembroke site.

Figure 13: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Lydick site

Figure 13: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Particle Count at the Lydick site

Figure 14: Average wind speed was found to be broadly consistent across quarters

Figure 14: Average wind speed was found to be broadly consistent across quarters

Figure 15: Ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the north.

Figure 15: Ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the north.

Figure 16: Ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the Northeast. East-Southeast had discrepant results, however there was only three days where the sustained windspeed was from that direction.

Figure 16: Ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the Northeast. East-Southeast had discrepant results, however there was only three days where the sustained windspeed was from that direction.

Figure 17: At the Pembroke station, ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the West. A peak was detected coming from the Southeast, however only four days had average windspeeds coming from that direction.

Figure 17: At the Pembroke station, ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the West. A peak was detected coming from the Southeast, however only four days had average windspeeds coming from that direction.

Figure 18: At the Lydick station, ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the Southwest.A peak was detected coming from the Southeast, however only four days had average windspeeds coming from that direction.

Figure 18: At the Lydick station, ultrafine particle pollution was found to be highest when winds come from the Southwest.A peak was detected coming from the Southeast, however only four days had average windspeeds coming from that direction.

Figure 19: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Smith Street site.

Figure 19: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Smith Street site.

Figure 20: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Fieldview site.

Figure 20: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Fieldview site.

Figure 21: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Pembroke site.

Figure 21: Ultrafine particle count is negatiely correlated with temperature at the Pembroke site.

Figure 22: Ultrafine particle count was not correlated with temperature at the Lydick site.

Figure 22: Ultrafine particle count was not correlated with temperature at the Lydick site.

Figure 23: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Smith Street.

Figure 23: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Smith Street.

Figure 24: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Fieldview.

Figure 24: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Fieldview.

Figure 25: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Pembroke.

Figure 25: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Pembroke.

Figure 26: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Lydick

Figure 26: Effect of Total Number of Daily Flights on Ultrafine Particle Count, Lydick

Figure 27: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Smith Street site.

Figure 27: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Smith Street site.

Figure 28: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Fieldview site.

Figure 28: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Fieldview site.

Figure 29: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 29: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 30: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Lydick site.

Figure 30: Increasing wind speed was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Lydick site.

Figure 31: The relative magnitudes between snesors of detected black carbon are consistent for all wind directions.

Figure 31: The relative magnitudes between snesors of detected black carbon are consistent for all wind directions.

Figure 32: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Smith Street site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 32: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with decreasing Black Carbon at the Smith Street site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 33: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with increasing Black Carbon at the Fieldview site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 33: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with increasing Black Carbon at the Fieldview site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 34: Increasing temperature was found not to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 34: Increasing temperature was found not to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 35: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with increasing Black Carbon at the Lydick site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 35: Increasing temperature was found to be correlated with increasing Black Carbon at the Lydick site, however the impact over the observed temperature range was small.

Figure 36: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Smith Street site.

Figure 36: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Smith Street site.

Figure 37: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Fieldview site.

Figure 37: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Fieldview site.

Figure 38: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 38: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Pembroke site.

Figure 39: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Lydick site.

Figure 39: Increasing numbers of daily flights were not found to be correlated with Black Carbon at the Lydick site. 

##             mean_ss_aet mean_fv_aet mean_pb_aet mean_ld_aet mean_ss_epc
## mean_ss_aet   1.0000000   0.8695263   0.7525478   0.8566931  0.28666515
## mean_fv_aet   0.8695263   1.0000000   0.7539890   0.8612802  0.19296087
## mean_pb_aet   0.7525478   0.7539890   1.0000000   0.8401750  0.20298671
## mean_ld_aet   0.8566931   0.8612802   0.8401750   1.0000000  0.20270468
## mean_ss_epc   0.2866651   0.1929609   0.2029867   0.2027047  1.00000000
## mean_fv_epc   0.3368255   0.2911235   0.1646560   0.2226677  0.69184064
## mean_pb_epc   0.1260172   0.1288044   0.3800358   0.2354232  0.26941469
## mean_ld_epc   0.4403470   0.4519188   0.4680968   0.5449159  0.08165765
##             mean_fv_epc mean_pb_epc mean_ld_epc
## mean_ss_aet  0.33682551  0.12601725  0.44034698
## mean_fv_aet  0.29112352  0.12880435  0.45191878
## mean_pb_aet  0.16465600  0.38003582  0.46809678
## mean_ld_aet  0.22266772  0.23542316  0.54491591
## mean_ss_epc  0.69184064  0.26941469  0.08165765
## mean_fv_epc  1.00000000 -0.03239716 -0.01014877
## mean_pb_epc -0.03239716  1.00000000  0.39862951
## mean_ld_epc -0.01014877  0.39862951  1.00000000
## [1] 0.9737405
## [1] 0.9918331
## [1] 0.9837766
## [1] 0.97211
## [1] 0.9862462
## [1] 0.9924867
## [1] 0.9824705
## [1] 0.9614108
## [1] 0.9802676
## [1] 0.9895504
## [1] 0.9869045
## [1] 0.9780289
## [1] 0.9851846
## [1] 0.9944039
## [1] 0.972916
## [1] 0.8375247
Figure 40: Plot of particle count on June 14th, 2022, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 40: Plot of particle count on June 14th, 2022, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 41: Plot of particle count on July 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 41: Plot of particle count on July 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 42: Plot of particle count on September 4th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 42: Plot of particle count on September 4th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 43: Average particle count on June 14th, 2022, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 43: Average particle count on June 14th, 2022, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 44: Average particle count on July 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 44: Average particle count on July 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 45: Average particle count on September 4th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 45: Average particle count on September 4th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 46: Plot of particle count on June 14th, 2022, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 46: Plot of particle count on June 14th, 2022, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 47: Plot of particle count on July 14th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 47: Plot of particle count on July 14th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 48: Plot of particle count on September 4th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 48: Plot of particle count on September 4th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 49: Plot of particle count on November 11th, 2021, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 49: Plot of particle count on November 11th, 2021, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 50: Plot of particle count on September 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 50: Plot of particle count on September 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 51: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 51: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 52: Average particle count on November 11th, 2021, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 52: Average particle count on November 11th, 2021, when the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 53: Average particle count on September 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 53: Average particle count on September 14th, 2021, when the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast.

Figure 53: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 53: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, when the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East.

Figure 54: Plot of particle count on November 11th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 54: Plot of particle count on November 11th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the North. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 55: Average particle count on September 14th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 55: Average particle count on September 14th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM. On this day, the average wind was from the South. The Lydick Sensor is located North-Northeast of the airport, while the Smith Street sensor is located South-Southeast. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 56: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM.On this day, the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 56: Average particle count on December 12th, 2021, from 11 AM to 1 PM.On this day, the average wind was from the West. The Fieldview Sensor is located West of the airport, while the Pembroke sensor is located to the East. The black points represent flights arriving and departing from the airport during this time period.

Figure 57: Black carbon levels were similar at the East Providence and CCRI sites

Figure 57: Black carbon levels were similar at the East Providence and CCRI sites

Figure 58: Black carbon levels were found to be higher at the Providence locations than at the airport

Figure 58: Black carbon levels were found to be higher at the Providence locations than at the airport

Figure 58: Black carbon levels were found to be higher at the Providence locations than at the airport

Figure 58: Black carbon levels were found to be higher at the Providence locations than at the airport

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements

Figure 59: Average ultrafine particle levels at the CCRI site were less than compared to the airport measurements