Profile 1: In the formal job market and aspire to stay in Brazil

First we analyzed all respondents that are on the formal job market and aspire to stay in Brazil for at least the next two year.

  • Profile 1: Want to stay in Brazil and are Formally employed

Second, we also analyzed two sub-groups within this profile to see if they differ in any aspect:

  • Profile 1.1: Single, Want to stay in Brazil, Formally employed

  • Profile 1.2: Married or in a stable union, Want to stay in Brazil, Formally employed

Profile 1

  • There are 157 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 15.86% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2019

  • 79.62% live with their families/children

  • 63.06% are household chiefs

  • 52.23% are using digital or internet banking

  • 80.25% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • 52.23% are using digital or internet banking

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 79 0.5
Male 78 0.5
  • Age distribution:

Average: 35.8

  • Marital status:
marital_stat answers percentage
Single 72 0.46
Married 45 0.29
Stable Union 36 0.23
Divorced 2 0.01
Widowed 2 0.01
  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 81 0.52
Less than R$1.302,00 35 0.22
Prefer not answer 23 0.15
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 10 0.06
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 5 0.03
NA 2 0.01
Between R$6.510,01 and R$13.020,00 1 0.01
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (complete) 67 0.43
Secondary (complete) 40 0.25
Undergraduate (incomplete) 26 0.17
Postgraduate (complete) 9 0.06
Secondary (incomplete) 9 0.06
NA/Other 2 0.01
Primary (complete) 2 0.01
Postgraduate (incomplete) 1 0.01
Primary (incomplete) 1 0.01
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 80 0.51
Rio Grande do Sul 20 0.13
Amazonas 13 0.08
Roraima 11 0.07
Distrito Federal 8 0.05
Rio de Janeiro 8 0.05
Santa Catarina 8 0.05
Other 4 0.03
Paraná 2 0.01
Mato Grosso do Sul 1 0.01
Minas Gerais 1 0.01
Pará 1 0.01
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 139 0.89
Bolivia 4 0.03
Haiti 3 0.02
Colombia 2 0.01
Angola 2 0.01
Peru 2 0.01
Cuba 1 0.01
Syria 1 0.01
Afghanistan 1 0.01
Congo 1 0.01
Iêmen 1 0.01
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 120 0.76
Debit card 99 0.63
Savings, deposit account 76 0.48
Credit card 53 0.34
None of the services listed above 22 0.14
Insurance 21 0.13
Loan 13 0.08
Transfers incl. remittances 13 0.08
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 12 0.08
Loan 8 0.05
Loan 5 0.03
Investments 2 0.01
Loan 2 0.01
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
Health 29 0.18
Life 25 0.16
None 19 0.12
Vehicle 9 0.06
Residential 6 0.04
Corporate 2 0.01
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 119 0.87
Debit card 114 0.83
Credit card 77 0.56
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 40 0.29
Savings, deposit account 25 0.18
Transfers incl. remittances 13 0.09
Insurance 6 0.04
Investments 3 0.02
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 73 0.53
Itaú 61 0.45
Banco Santander 44 0.32
Bradesco 34 0.25
Caixa Econômica Federal 34 0.25
Other 18 0.13
Banco do Brasil 16 0.12
Banco PAN 8 0.06
Banco Inter 6 0.04
None 2 0.01
Sofisa 1 0.01
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
2 46 0.29
1 45 0.29
3 25 0.16
0 22 0.14
4 15 0.10
5 2 0.01
6 1 0.01
7 1 0.01
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 51 0.37
Iti Itaú 34 0.25
PicPay 25 0.18
Mercado Pago 24 0.18
PagBank 7 0.05
Other 6 0.04
AME 4 0.03
Regarga Pay 3 0.02
Bitz 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Housing credit 62 0.39
Credit card 62 0.39
Checkings account 59 0.38
Debit card 48 0.31
Savings account 42 0.27
Personal/Consumption credit 40 0.25
Life insurance 36 0.23
Vehicle credit 35 0.22
Digital wallet 30 0.19
Death insurance 21 0.13
Corporate credit 20 0.13
Other 2 0.01

  • 31.85% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 45 0.90
Housing 5 0.10
Other 3 0.06
Corporate 1 0.02
Vehicles 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 125 0.8
No 32 0.2
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 95 0.76
Between R$501 and R$1000 24 0.19
Between R$1001 and R$2000 3 0.02
Prefer not to answer 3 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 84 0.54
Labor market skills development 79 0.50
Business skills development 64 0.41
Languages skills development 62 0.39
Personal finance skills development 59 0.38
Business regularization 36 0.23
None, I’m fine 8 0.05
  • Their perceptions

Profile 1.1

  • There are 72 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 7.27% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2018

  • 50% are household chiefs

  • 48.61% are using digital or internet banking

  • 80.56% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 44 0.61
Male 28 0.39
  • Age:

Average age: 34.1

Average age men: 31.4

Average age women: 35.9

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 41 0.57
Less than R$1.302,00 16 0.22
Prefer not answer 11 0.15
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 2 0.03
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 1 0.01
NA 1 0.01
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (complete) 26 0.36
Secondary (complete) 22 0.31
Undergraduate (incomplete) 12 0.17
Secondary (incomplete) 8 0.11
Postgraduate (complete) 3 0.04
Primary (complete) 1 0.01
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 42 0.58
Rio Grande do Sul 9 0.12
Distrito Federal 7 0.10
Amazonas 5 0.07
Rio de Janeiro 3 0.04
Santa Catarina 3 0.04
Roraima 2 0.03
Pará 1 0.01
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 61 0.85
Bolivia 4 0.06
Angola 2 0.03
Peru 2 0.03
Haiti 1 0.01
Cuba 1 0.01
Iêmen 1 0.01
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 55 0.76
Debit card 43 0.60
Savings, deposit account 33 0.46
Credit card 21 0.29
None of the services listed above 12 0.17
Insurance 8 0.11
Transfers incl. remittances 8 0.11
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 5 0.07
Loan 5 0.07
Loan 3 0.04
Loan 2 0.03
Loan 2 0.03
Investments 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 14 0.19
Life 12 0.17
Health 9 0.12
Vehicle 5 0.07
Residential 3 0.04
Corporate 1 0.01
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 53 0.87
Debit card 53 0.87
Credit card 29 0.48
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 16 0.26
Savings, deposit account 10 0.16
Transfers incl. remittances 6 0.10
Investments 3 0.05
Insurance 1 0.02
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 31 0.51
Itaú 28 0.46
Banco Santander 18 0.30
Bradesco 14 0.23
Caixa Econômica Federal 13 0.21
Other 10 0.16
Banco do Brasil 5 0.08
Banco Inter 3 0.05
Banco PAN 2 0.03
Sofisa 1 0.02
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
1 26 0.36
2 15 0.21
3 13 0.18
0 11 0.15
4 6 0.08
6 1 0.01
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 22 0.36
Iti Itaú 15 0.25
PicPay 14 0.23
Mercado Pago 9 0.15
PagBank 3 0.05
Other 3 0.05
AME 2 0.03
Regarga Pay 1 0.02
Bitz 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 28 0.39
Credit card 28 0.39
Personal/Consumption credit 26 0.36
Housing credit 24 0.33
Debit card 22 0.31
Savings account 18 0.25
Life insurance 15 0.21
Vehicle credit 13 0.18
Digital wallet 12 0.17
Corporate credit 7 0.10
Death insurance 5 0.07
Other 1 0.01

  • 26.39% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 17 0.89
Housing 1 0.05
Other 1 0.05
Vehicles 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 57 0.79
No 15 0.21
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 39 0.68
Between R$501 and R$1000 15 0.26
Prefer not to answer 2 0.04
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Labor market skills development 39 0.54
Hiring process skills development 38 0.53
Business skills development 34 0.47
Languages skills development 31 0.43
Personal finance skills development 28 0.39
Business regularization 14 0.19
None, I’m fine 5 0.07
  • Their perceptions

Profile 1.2

  • There are 81 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 8.18% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2019

  • 72.84% are household chiefs

  • 55.56% are using digital or internet banking

  • 80.25% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Male 49 0.6
Female 32 0.4
  • Age:

Average age: 36.9

Average age men: 38.7

Average age women: 34.1

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 37 0.46
Less than R$1.302,00 18 0.22
Prefer not answer 12 0.15
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 8 0.10
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 4 0.05
Between R$6.510,01 and R$13.020,00 1 0.01
NA 1 0.01
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (complete) 40 0.49
Secondary (complete) 17 0.21
Undergraduate (incomplete) 13 0.16
Postgraduate (complete) 5 0.06
NA/Other 2 0.02
Postgraduate (incomplete) 1 0.01
Primary (complete) 1 0.01
Primary (incomplete) 1 0.01
Secondary (incomplete) 1 0.01
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 37 0.46
Rio Grande do Sul 10 0.12
Roraima 9 0.11
Amazonas 7 0.09
Rio de Janeiro 5 0.06
Santa Catarina 5 0.06
Other 3 0.04
Paraná 2 0.02
Distrito Federal 1 0.01
Mato Grosso do Sul 1 0.01
Minas Gerais 1 0.01
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 74 0.91
Haiti 2 0.02
Colombia 2 0.02
Syria 1 0.01
Afghanistan 1 0.01
Congo 1 0.01
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 63 0.78
Debit card 55 0.68
Savings, deposit account 42 0.52
Credit card 31 0.38
Insurance 12 0.15
None of the services listed above 8 0.10
Loan 7 0.09
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 6 0.07
Transfers incl. remittances 5 0.06
Loan 4 0.05
Loan 3 0.04
Investments 2 0.02
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
Health 18 0.22
Life 11 0.14
None 5 0.06
Residential 3 0.04
Vehicle 3 0.04
Corporate 1 0.01
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 63 0.88
Debit card 57 0.79
Credit card 44 0.61
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 22 0.31
Savings, deposit account 14 0.19
Transfers incl. remittances 6 0.08
Insurance 5 0.07
Investments 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 41 0.57
Itaú 31 0.43
Banco Santander 24 0.33
Caixa Econômica Federal 21 0.29
Bradesco 19 0.26
Banco do Brasil 9 0.12
Other 8 0.11
Banco PAN 6 0.08
Banco Inter 3 0.04
None 2 0.03
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
2 29 0.36
1 18 0.22
0 11 0.14
3 11 0.14
4 9 0.11
5 2 0.02
7 1 0.01
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 28 0.39
Iti Itaú 16 0.22
Mercado Pago 14 0.19
PicPay 11 0.15
PagBank 4 0.06
Regarga Pay 2 0.03
Other 2 0.03
AME 1 0.01
Bitz 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Housing credit 36 0.44
Credit card 33 0.41
Checkings account 31 0.38
Debit card 26 0.32
Savings account 23 0.28
Vehicle credit 22 0.27
Life insurance 21 0.26
Digital wallet 18 0.22
Death insurance 16 0.20
Personal/Consumption credit 14 0.17
Corporate credit 12 0.15
Other 1 0.01

  • 37.04% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 27 0.90
Housing 4 0.13
Other 2 0.07
Corporate 1 0.03
Vehicles 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 66 0.81
No 15 0.19
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 54 0.82
Between R$501 and R$1000 9 0.14
Between R$1001 and R$2000 2 0.03
Prefer not to answer 1 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 44 0.54
Labor market skills development 38 0.47
Personal finance skills development 30 0.37
Business skills development 29 0.36
Languages skills development 28 0.35
Business regularization 20 0.25
None, I’m fine 3 0.04
  • Their perceptions

Profile 2: On the move and on the informal job market

First we analyzed all respondents that are on the move (have the intention of moving to another city within six months) and on the informal job market

  • Profile 2: On the move and on the informal job market

We chose to analyze two sub-groups within this profile to see if they differ in any aspect:

  • Profile 2.1: Men, on the move, on the informal job market, living with their families in Brazil

  • Profile 2.2: Men, on the move, on the informal job market, living without their families in Brazil

  • Profile 2.3: Women, on the move, on the informal job market

Profile 2

  • There are 56 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 5.66% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2021

  • 51.79% are household chiefs

  • 67.86% live with their families/children

  • 58.93% are using digital or internet banking

  • 0% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 31 0.55
Male 25 0.45
  • Age distribution:

Average: 34.6

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 48 0.86
Less than R$1.302,00 4 0.07
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 2 0.04
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 1 0.02
NA 1 0.02
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 48 0.86
Yes 8 0.14
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 16 0.29
Undergraduate (complete) 14 0.25
Undergraduate (incomplete) 12 0.21
Secondary (incomplete) 9 0.16
NA/Other 3 0.05
Postgraduate (complete) 1 0.02
Primary (complete) 1 0.02
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
Roraima 19 0.34
Amazonas 16 0.29
São Paulo 11 0.20
Other 5 0.09
Distrito Federal 2 0.04
Rio de Janeiro 2 0.04
Santa Catarina 1 0.02
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 51 0.91
Bolivia 2 0.04
Angola 1 0.02
Syria 1 0.02
Senegal 1 0.02
  • What assets do your currently have in Brazil?
assets answers percentage
None 49 0.88
Valuables (jewelry, cash, etc) 4 0.07
Vehicle 2 0.04
Productive assets 1 0.02
Other 1 0.02
House or apartment 0 0.00
Land 0 0.00
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 39 0.70
Debit card 30 0.54
Savings, deposit account 23 0.41
Credit card 12 0.21
None of the services listed above 10 0.18
Insurance 5 0.09
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 4 0.07
Investments 4 0.07
Loan 2 0.04
Transfers incl. remittances 2 0.04
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 13 0.23
Health 4 0.07
Vehicle 3 0.05
Life 3 0.05
Corporate 2 0.04
Residential 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Debit card 25 0.74
Bank account 23 0.68
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 12 0.35
Credit card 12 0.35
Savings, deposit account 8 0.24
Transfers incl. remittances 1 0.03
None of the above services listed 1 0.03
Other 1 0.03
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 19 0.56
Itaú 11 0.32
Caixa Econômica Federal 9 0.26
Banco do Brasil 4 0.12
Bradesco 4 0.12
Other 4 0.12
Banco Santander 3 0.09
BMG 1 0.03
Banco Inter 1 0.03
Banco PAN 1 0.03
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 22 0.39
1 20 0.36
2 8 0.14
3 4 0.07
4 1 0.02
5 1 0.02
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
Iti Itaú 9 0.26
PicPay 9 0.26
None 8 0.24
Mercado Pago 7 0.21
PagBank 4 0.12
Other 2 0.06
AME 1 0.03
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Credit card 22 0.39
Debit card 17 0.30
Checkings account 16 0.29
Savings account 15 0.27
Personal/Consumption credit 15 0.27
Housing credit 14 0.25
Digital wallet 11 0.20
Life insurance 10 0.18
Vehicle credit 7 0.12
Corporate credit 5 0.09
Death insurance 4 0.07
Other 3 0.05

  • 17.86% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 10 1.0
Corporate 1 0.1
Housing 0 0.0
Vehicles 0 0.0
Other 0 0.0
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 44 0.79
No 12 0.21
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 32 0.73
Prefer not to answer 6 0.14
Between R$501 and R$1000 5 0.11
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 31 0.55
Labor market skills development 28 0.50
Business skills development 18 0.32
Languages skills development 18 0.32
Personal finance skills development 18 0.32
Business regularization 8 0.14
None, I’m fine 7 0.12
  • Their perceptions

Profile 2.1

  • There are 16 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 1.62% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2018

  • Their marital status is Married

  • 87.5% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 25% are using digital or internet banking

  • Age distribution:

Average: 38.9

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 13 0.81
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 2 0.12
Less than R$1.302,00 1 0.06
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 13 0.81
Yes 3 0.19
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (complete) 5 0.31
Secondary (complete) 3 0.19
Secondary (incomplete) 3 0.19
Undergraduate (incomplete) 3 0.19
NA/Other 2 0.12
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
Roraima 6 0.38
Amazonas 3 0.19
São Paulo 3 0.19
Distrito Federal 1 0.06
Other 1 0.06
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.06
Santa Catarina 1 0.06
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 14 0.88
Angola 1 0.06
Senegal 1 0.06
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 12 0.75
Debit card 10 0.62
Savings, deposit account 9 0.56
Credit card 4 0.25
Insurance 2 0.12
Transfers incl. remittances 2 0.12
None of the services listed above 2 0.12
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 1 0.06
Loan 1 0.06
Investments 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
Health 2 0.12
None 2 0.12
Corporate 1 0.06
Life 1 0.06
Residential 0 0.00
Vehicle 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 8 0.67
Debit card 8 0.67
Savings, deposit account 4 0.33
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 4 0.33
Credit card 4 0.33
Transfers incl. remittances 1 0.08
None of the above services listed 1 0.08
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 5 0.42
Banco do Brasil 4 0.33
Other 4 0.33
Banco Santander 3 0.25
Bradesco 3 0.25
Caixa Econômica Federal 3 0.25
Itaú 3 0.25
BMG 1 0.08
Banco Inter 1 0.08
Banco PAN 1 0.08
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 4 0.25
1 4 0.25
2 3 0.19
3 3 0.19
4 1 0.06
5 1 0.06
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
PicPay 5 0.42
Iti Itaú 3 0.25
Mercado Pago 3 0.25
None 2 0.17
AME 0 0.00
Bitz 0 0.00
PagBank 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 8 0.50
Credit card 7 0.44
Debit card 7 0.44
Savings account 6 0.38
Personal/Consumption credit 6 0.38
Digital wallet 3 0.19
Life insurance 3 0.19
Housing credit 2 0.12
Vehicle credit 1 0.06
Death insurance 1 0.06
Corporate credit 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00

  • 37.5% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 6 1.00
Corporate 1 0.17
Housing 0 0.00
Vehicles 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
Bank 7 0.44
I do not lend money 6 0.38
Family or friends 4 0.25
Business owner 1 0.06
Financial institution 1 0.06
Pawnbroker 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 13 0.81
No 3 0.19
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 8 0.62
Between R$501 and R$1000 2 0.15
Prefer not to answer 2 0.15
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.08
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Labor market skills development 9 0.56
Hiring process skills development 9 0.56
Personal finance skills development 8 0.50
Languages skills development 5 0.31
Business skills development 4 0.25
None, I’m fine 2 0.12
Business regularization 1 0.06
  • Their perceptions

Profile 2.2

  • There are 9 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 0.91% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2022

  • Their marital status is Single

  • 77.78% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 66.67% are using digital or internet banking

  • Age distribution:

Average: 32.2

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 9 1
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 9 1
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (incomplete) 3 0.33
Secondary (complete) 2 0.22
Undergraduate (complete) 2 0.22
Primary (complete) 1 0.11
Secondary (incomplete) 1 0.11
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
Roraima 4 0.44
Amazonas 2 0.22
São Paulo 2 0.22
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.11
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 8 0.89
Syria 1 0.11
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 5 0.56
Debit card 4 0.44
Savings, deposit account 3 0.33
None of the services listed above 3 0.33
Investments 2 0.22
Credit card 2 0.22
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 1 0.11
Loan 1 0.11
Loan 1 0.11
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
Vehicle 2 0.22
Corporate 1 0.11
None 1 0.11
Health 0 0.00
Residential 0 0.00
Life 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 3 0.75
Debit card 3 0.75
Credit card 2 0.50
Savings, deposit account 1 0.25
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 1 0.25
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 3 0.75
Itaú 2 0.50
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Banco do Brasil 0 0.00
Banco Inter 0 0.00
Banco PAN 0 0.00
Banco Santander 0 0.00
Bradesco 0 0.00
Caixa Econômica Federal 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 5 0.56
1 3 0.33
2 1 0.11
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
Mercado Pago 2 0.50
AME 1 0.25
Iti Itaú 1 0.25
None 1 0.25
Bitz 0 0.00
PagBank 0 0.00
PicPay 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Credit card 5 0.56
Debit card 4 0.44
Digital wallet 3 0.33
Savings account 3 0.33
Vehicle credit 3 0.33
Housing credit 3 0.33
Checkings account 2 0.22
Personal/Consumption credit 2 0.22
Corporate credit 1 0.11
Death insurance 1 0.11
Life insurance 1 0.11
Other 0 0.00

  • 11.11% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 1 1
Housing 0 0
Vehicles 0 0
Corporate 0 0
Other 0 0
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
Bank 4 0.44
Family or friends 3 0.33
I do not lend money 3 0.33
Pawnbroker 1 0.11
Business owner 0 0.00
Financial institution 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 7 0.78
No 2 0.22
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 4 0.57
Between R$501 and R$1000 2 0.29
Prefer not to answer 1 0.14
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Labor market skills development 8 0.89
Hiring process skills development 5 0.56
Business skills development 3 0.33
Languages skills development 3 0.33
Personal finance skills development 2 0.22
Business regularization 2 0.22
None, I’m fine 0 0.00
  • Their perceptions

Profile 2.3

  • There are 31 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 3.13% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2021

  • Their marital status is Single

  • 77.42% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 74.19% are using digital or internet banking

  • Age distribution:

Average: 33.1

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 26 0.84
Less than R$1.302,00 3 0.10
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 1 0.03
NA 1 0.03
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 26 0.84
Yes 5 0.16
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 11 0.35
Undergraduate (complete) 7 0.23
Undergraduate (incomplete) 6 0.19
Secondary (incomplete) 5 0.16
NA/Other 1 0.03
Postgraduate (complete) 1 0.03
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
Amazonas 11 0.35
Roraima 9 0.29
São Paulo 6 0.19
Other 4 0.13
Distrito Federal 1 0.03
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 29 0.94
Bolivia 2 0.06
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 22 0.71
Debit card 16 0.52
Savings, deposit account 11 0.35
Credit card 6 0.19
None of the services listed above 5 0.16
Insurance 3 0.10
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 2 0.06
Investments 2 0.06
Loan 1 0.03
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 10 0.32
Health 2 0.06
Life 2 0.06
Vehicle 1 0.03
Residential 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Debit card 14 0.78
Bank account 12 0.67
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 7 0.39
Credit card 6 0.33
Savings, deposit account 3 0.17
Other 1 0.06
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 11 0.61
Caixa Econômica Federal 6 0.33
Itaú 6 0.33
Bradesco 1 0.06
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Banco do Brasil 0 0.00
Banco Inter 0 0.00
Banco PAN 0 0.00
Banco Santander 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 13 0.42
1 13 0.42
2 4 0.13
3 1 0.03
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
Iti Itaú 5 0.28
None 5 0.28
PagBank 4 0.22
PicPay 4 0.22
Mercado Pago 2 0.11
Other 2 0.11
AME 0 0.00
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Credit card 10 0.32
Housing credit 9 0.29
Personal/Consumption credit 7 0.23
Checkings account 6 0.19
Savings account 6 0.19
Life insurance 6 0.19
Debit card 6 0.19
Digital wallet 5 0.16
Corporate credit 4 0.13
Vehicle credit 3 0.10
Other 3 0.10
Death insurance 2 0.06

  • 9.68% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 3 1
Housing 0 0
Vehicles 0 0
Corporate 0 0
Other 0 0
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
I do not lend money 15 0.48
Bank 9 0.29
Family or friends 9 0.29
Other 3 0.10
Financial institution 2 0.06
Business owner 1 0.03
Pawnbroker 1 0.03
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 24 0.77
No 7 0.23
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 20 0.83
Prefer not to answer 3 0.12
Between R$501 and R$1000 1 0.04
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 17 0.55
Business skills development 11 0.35
Labor market skills development 11 0.35
Languages skills development 10 0.32
Personal finance skills development 8 0.26
Business regularization 5 0.16
None, I’m fine 5 0.16
  • Their perceptions

Profile 3: Domestic worker and household head

Women, domestic workers, household head

  • There are 64 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 6.46% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2019

  • Their marital status is Single

  • 100% live with their families/children

  • For those living with their families, they have on average 4.1 members living in the household.

  • 92.19% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 39.06% are using digital or internet banking

  • Age distribution:

Average: 35.9

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 48 0.75
Less than R$1.302,00 9 0.14
NA 5 0.08
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 2 0.03
  • Do you receive financial assistance?
financ_assist answers percentage
Gov. Transfers 40 0.62
None 22 0.34
Humanitarian Assistance 1 0.02
Other 1 0.02
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 16 0.25
Undergraduate (complete) 15 0.23
Undergraduate (incomplete) 12 0.19
Secondary (incomplete) 8 0.12
Primary (incomplete) 6 0.09
Postgraduate (incomplete) 3 0.05
Postgraduate (complete) 2 0.03
NA/Other 1 0.02
Primary (complete) 1 0.02
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
Amazonas 19 0.30
São Paulo 16 0.25
Roraima 15 0.23
Rio Grande do Sul 8 0.12
Distrito Federal 1 0.02
Mato Grosso 1 0.02
Other 1 0.02
Paraná 1 0.02
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.02
Santa Catarina 1 0.02
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 60 0.94
Bolivia 3 0.05
Anzoátegui 1 0.02
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 38 0.59
Debit card 24 0.38
Savings, deposit account 21 0.33
None of the services listed above 20 0.31
Credit card 5 0.08
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 3 0.05
Insurance 2 0.03
Investments 1 0.02
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 13 0.20
Life 4 0.06
Health 2 0.03
Residential 1 0.02
Corporate 1 0.02
Vehicle 1 0.02
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 26 0.67
Debit card 22 0.56
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 8 0.21
Savings, deposit account 7 0.18
Credit card 5 0.13
None of the above services listed 1 0.03
Other 1 0.03
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Transfers incl. remittances 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 18 0.46
Itaú 15 0.38
Caixa Econômica Federal 7 0.18
Banco Santander 6 0.15
Other 4 0.10
Bradesco 2 0.05
Banco do Brasil 1 0.03
None 1 0.03
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Banco Inter 0 0.00
Banco PAN 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 26 0.41
1 26 0.41
2 10 0.16
3 1 0.02
4 1 0.02
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Debit card 20 0.31
Checkings account 19 0.30
Savings account 19 0.30
Housing credit 19 0.30
Credit card 16 0.25
Personal/Consumption credit 15 0.23
Life insurance 8 0.12
Digital wallet 7 0.11
Vehicle credit 6 0.09
Death insurance 6 0.09
Corporate credit 5 0.08
Other 1 0.02

  • 7.81% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 3 0.6
Corporate 1 0.2
Other 1 0.2
Housing 0 0.0
Vehicles 0 0.0
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 38 0.59
No 26 0.41
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 29 0.76
Prefer not to answer 6 0.16
Between R$501 and R$1000 2 0.05
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.03
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 34 0.53
Labor market skills development 21 0.33
Languages skills development 19 0.30
Business skills development 13 0.20
Personal finance skills development 8 0.12
Business regularization 7 0.11
None, I’m fine 4 0.06
  • Their perceptions

Profile 4: Micro entrepreneurs

We chose to analyze two sub-groups within this profile to see if they differ in any aspect:

  • Profile 4.1: Formal (with CNPJ)

  • Profile 4.2: Informal (without CNPJ)

Profile 4.1

  • There are 13 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 1.31% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2012 or before

  • Their marital status is Married

  • 53.85% live with their families/children

  • 92.31% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 30.77% are using digital or internet banking

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Male 8 0.62
Female 5 0.38
  • Age distribution:

Average: 43.5

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 4 0.31
Prefer not answer 3 0.23
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 2 0.15
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 1 0.08
Between R$6.510,01 and R$13.020,00 1 0.08
Less than R$1.302,00 1 0.08
NA 1 0.08
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
Yes 10 0.77
No 3 0.23
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Undergraduate (complete) 6 0.46
Undergraduate (incomplete) 5 0.38
Postgraduate (complete) 1 0.08
Secondary (incomplete) 1 0.08
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 11 0.85
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.08
Roraima 1 0.08
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Bolivia 5 0.38
Venezuela 2 0.15
Peruano 2 0.15
Haiti 1 0.08
Cuba 1 0.08
Colombia 1 0.08
Peru 1 0.08
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Savings, deposit account 9 0.69
Bank account 8 0.62
Debit card 6 0.46
Credit card 5 0.38
None of the services listed above 3 0.23
Loan 2 0.15
Loan 1 0.08
Insurance 1 0.08
Transfers incl. remittances 1 0.08
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 0 0.00
Investments 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
Health 3 0.23
None 3 0.23
Vehicle 2 0.15
Life 2 0.15
Residential 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 13 1.00
Debit card 12 0.92
Credit card 8 0.62
Savings, deposit account 6 0.46
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 6 0.46
Transfers incl. remittances 6 0.46
Insurance 4 0.31
Investments 2 0.15
Other 1 0.08
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Itaú 8 0.62
Banco Santander 4 0.31
Other 4 0.31
Nubank 3 0.23
Banco do Brasil 2 0.15
Bradesco 2 0.15
Caixa Econômica Federal 2 0.15
Banco Inter 1 0.08
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Banco PAN 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
1 6 0.46
2 4 0.31
3 1 0.08
4 1 0.08
5 1 0.08
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
Mercado Pago 9 0.69
PagBank 6 0.46
PicPay 6 0.46
Iti Itaú 3 0.23
Regarga Pay 3 0.23
None 2 0.15
AME 0 0.00
Bitz 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 9 0.69
Corporate credit 8 0.62
Credit card 5 0.38
Debit card 5 0.38
Housing credit 4 0.31
Digital wallet 3 0.23
Savings account 3 0.23
Life insurance 3 0.23
Vehicle credit 1 0.08
Personal/Consumption credit 1 0.08
Other 1 0.08
Death insurance 0 0.00

  • 69.23% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 7 0.78
Housing 1 0.11
Vehicles 1 0.11
Corporate 1 0.11
Other 1 0.11
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
Bank 8 0.62
Family or friends 6 0.46
I do not lend money 5 0.38
Business owner 1 0.08
Other 1 0.08
Pawnbroker 0 0.00
Financial institution 0 0.00
  • Do you have employees?
employees answers percentage
None 9 0.10
1-2 employees 3 0.03
6-10 employees 1 0.01
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 7 0.54
No 6 0.46
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 3 0.43
Between R$501 and R$1000 3 0.43
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.14
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Business skills development 10 0.77
Labor market skills development 7 0.54
Personal finance skills development 7 0.54
Languages skills development 3 0.23
Business regularization 3 0.23
None, I’m fine 2 0.15
Hiring process skills development 1 0.08
  • Their perceptions

Profile 4.2

  • There are 31 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 3.13% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2019

  • Their marital status is Single

  • 70.97% live with their families/children

  • 87.1% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 16.13% are using digital or internet banking

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 24 0.77
Male 7 0.23
  • Age distribution:

Average: 37

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 24 0.77
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 3 0.10
Less than R$1.302,00 3 0.10
NA 1 0.03
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 24 0.77
Yes 7 0.23
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 10 0.32
Undergraduate (complete) 7 0.23
Primary (complete) 6 0.19
Undergraduate (incomplete) 3 0.10
NA/Other 2 0.06
Secondary (incomplete) 2 0.06
Primary (incomplete) 1 0.03
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 16 0.52
Roraima 7 0.23
Amazonas 4 0.13
Rio Grande do Sul 2 0.06
Distrito Federal 1 0.03
Mato Grosso 1 0.03
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 18 0.58
Bolivia 11 0.35
Equador 1 0.03
Paraguai 1 0.03
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 15 0.48
Savings, deposit account 13 0.42
Debit card 11 0.35
None of the services listed above 10 0.32
Credit card 5 0.16
Loan 4 0.13
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 3 0.10
Transfers incl. remittances 3 0.10
Loan 2 0.06
Loan 2 0.06
Loan 1 0.03
Insurance 1 0.03
Investments 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 6 0.19
Life 5 0.16
Health 2 0.06
Residential 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
Vehicle 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 8 0.53
Debit card 8 0.53
Savings, deposit account 5 0.33
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 5 0.33
Credit card 1 0.07
Transfers incl. remittances 1 0.07
Other 1 0.07
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Itaú 7 0.47
Caixa Econômica Federal 6 0.40
Other 6 0.40
Bradesco 3 0.20
Banco Santander 2 0.13
Nubank 2 0.13
Banco PAN 1 0.07
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Banco do Brasil 0 0.00
Banco Inter 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 16 0.52
1 7 0.23
2 6 0.19
4 2 0.06
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
Iti Itaú 6 0.40
PicPay 4 0.27
PagBank 3 0.20
Mercado Pago 2 0.13
None 2 0.13
Other 2 0.13
AME 0 0.00
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 13 0.42
Debit card 13 0.42
Credit card 11 0.35
Savings account 10 0.32
Corporate credit 8 0.26
Personal/Consumption credit 5 0.16
Digital wallet 4 0.13
Housing credit 4 0.13
Vehicle credit 3 0.10
Life insurance 3 0.10
Other 3 0.10
Death insurance 0 0.00

  • 9.68% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 2 0.67
Other 2 0.67
Housing 0 0.00
Vehicles 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
Family or friends 15 0.48
I do not lend money 13 0.42
Bank 6 0.19
Pawnbroker 2 0.06
Other 1 0.03
Business owner 0 0.00
Financial institution 0 0.00
  • Do you have employees?
employees answers percentage
None 3 0.03
1-2 employees 3 0.03
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 16 0.52
No 15 0.48
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 14 0.88
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.06
Prefer not to answer 1 0.06
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Languages skills development 12 0.39
Labor market skills development 11 0.35
Business skills development 10 0.32
Personal finance skills development 8 0.26
Hiring process skills development 7 0.23
Business regularization 7 0.23
None, I’m fine 2 0.06
  • Their perceptions

Profile 5: Self-employed

  • There are 44 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 4.44% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2018

  • Their marital status is Single

  • 65.91% live with their families/children

  • 81.82% have the intention to stay in Brazil for the next 2 years

  • 56.82% are using digital or internet banking

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 26 0.59
Male 18 0.41
  • Age distribution:

Average: 39.2

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 23 0.52
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 6 0.14
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 4 0.09
Less than R$1.302,00 4 0.09
NA 4 0.09
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 3 0.07
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 23 0.52
Yes 21 0.48
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 14 0.32
Undergraduate (complete) 12 0.27
Undergraduate (incomplete) 7 0.16
Secondary (incomplete) 4 0.09
Primary (incomplete) 3 0.07
Primary (complete) 2 0.05
Postgraduate (complete) 1 0.02
Postgraduate (incomplete) 1 0.02
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 15 0.34
Amazonas 11 0.25
Roraima 10 0.23
Distrito Federal 3 0.07
Other 2 0.05
Paraná 2 0.05
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.02
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 32 0.73
Bolivia 8 0.18
Chile 1 0.02
Congo 1 0.02
Paquistão 1 0.02
TUNISIA 1 0.02
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 28 0.64
Debit card 23 0.52
Savings, deposit account 14 0.32
Credit card 14 0.32
None of the services listed above 13 0.30
Insurance 4 0.09
Investments 3 0.07
Loan 3 0.07
Transfers incl. remittances 3 0.07
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 2 0.05
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 0 0.00
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 13 0.30
Health 4 0.09
Life 3 0.07
Vehicle 2 0.05
Corporate 1 0.02
Residential 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 22 0.81
Debit card 19 0.70
Credit card 14 0.52
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 9 0.33
Savings, deposit account 6 0.22
Investments 3 0.11
Transfers incl. remittances 3 0.11
Other 1 0.04
Insurance 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 14 0.52
Caixa Econômica Federal 12 0.44
Itaú 10 0.37
Banco Santander 8 0.30
Bradesco 7 0.26
Other 6 0.22
Banco do Brasil 3 0.11
Banco Inter 3 0.11
Banco da Amazônia 1 0.04
Banco PAN 1 0.04
BMG 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 17 0.39
1 9 0.20
3 8 0.18
2 6 0.14
4 3 0.07
8 1 0.02
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
PicPay 10 0.37
Mercado Pago 9 0.33
None 8 0.30
Iti Itaú 5 0.19
PagBank 4 0.15
Regarga Pay 2 0.07
AME 1 0.04
Other 1 0.04
Bitz 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 15 0.34
Credit card 15 0.34
Debit card 14 0.32
Savings account 12 0.27
Corporate credit 12 0.27
Personal/Consumption credit 12 0.27
Housing credit 7 0.16
Life insurance 7 0.16
Digital wallet 6 0.14
Vehicle credit 6 0.14
Other 2 0.05
Death insurance 1 0.02

  • 29.55% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 9 0.69
Other 2 0.15
Vehicles 1 0.08
Corporate 1 0.08
Housing 0 0.00
  • When you need financing or money, where do go to?
prod_got answers percentage
Bank 18 0.41
I do not lend money 13 0.30
Family or friends 10 0.23
Pawnbroker 4 0.09
Business owner 3 0.07
Other 1 0.02
Financial institution 0 0.00
  • Do you have employees?
employees answers percentage
None 30 0.33
1-2 employees 4 0.04
3-5 employees 1 0.01
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 29 0.66
No 15 0.34
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 20 0.69
Between R$501 and R$1000 5 0.17
Prefer not to answer 4 0.14
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Labor market skills development 21 0.48
Business skills development 16 0.36
Hiring process skills development 13 0.30
Personal finance skills development 13 0.30
Languages skills development 12 0.27
Business regularization 12 0.27
None, I’m fine 2 0.05
  • Their perceptions

Profile 6: In the informal job market and aspire to stay in Brazil

First we analyzed all respondents that are on the formal job market and aspire to stay in Brazil for at least the next two year.

  • Profile 6: Want to stay in Brazil and are Informally employed

Second, we also analyzed a sub-group within this profile to see if they differ in any aspect:

  • Profile 6.1: Want to stay in Brazil and are Informally employed but have a regular income
    • important for banks to see they are moving money around (e.g. Daycoval)

Profile 6

  • There are 137 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 13.84% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2021

  • 58.39% are household chiefs

  • 70.07% live with their families/children

  • 51.09% are using digital or internet banking

  • 67.15% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 83 0.61
Male 54 0.39
  • Age distribution:

Average age: 37.4

Average age men: 38.3

Average age women: 36.8

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 93 0.68
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 21 0.15
Less than R$1.302,00 19 0.14
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 2 0.01
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 1 0.01
NA 1 0.01
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 93 0.68
Yes 44 0.32
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 39 0.28
Undergraduate (complete) 36 0.26
Undergraduate (incomplete) 26 0.19
Secondary (incomplete) 18 0.13
NA/Other 5 0.04
Primary (complete) 4 0.03
Primary (incomplete) 4 0.03
Postgraduate (complete) 3 0.02
Postgraduate (incomplete) 2 0.01
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 53 0.39
Amazonas 33 0.24
Roraima 28 0.20
Other 8 0.06
Rio Grande do Sul 5 0.04
Rio de Janeiro 4 0.03
Distrito Federal 3 0.02
Mato Grosso do Sul 1 0.01
Paraná 1 0.01
Santa Catarina 1 0.01
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 103 0.75
Bolivia 20 0.15
Cuba 2 0.01
Syria 2 0.01
Paraguai 2 0.01
Senegal 2 0.01
Colombia 1 0.01
Angola 1 0.01
Afghanistan 1 0.01
Benin 1 0.01
Costa do Marfim 1 0.01
Marrocos 1 0.01
  • What assets do your currently have in Brazil?
assets answers percentage
None 123 0.12
Valuables (jewelry, cash, etc) 9 0.01
Productive assets 2 0.00
Vehicle 2 0.00
Other 2 0.00
Land 1 0.00
House or apartment 0 0.00
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 81 0.59
Debit card 68 0.50
Savings, deposit account 58 0.42
None of the services listed above 30 0.22
Credit card 27 0.20
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 13 0.09
Transfers incl. remittances 10 0.07
Loan 8 0.06
Insurance 7 0.05
Investments 6 0.04
Loan 1 0.01
Loan 1 0.01
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 34 0.25
Health 10 0.07
Life 5 0.04
Vehicle 4 0.03
Corporate 2 0.01
Residential 1 0.01
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Debit card 61 0.69
Bank account 54 0.61
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 29 0.33
Credit card 23 0.26
Savings, deposit account 22 0.25
Transfers incl. remittances 7 0.08
None of the above services listed 2 0.02
Insurance 1 0.01
Other 1 0.01
Investments 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 42 0.48
Itaú 32 0.36
Caixa Econômica Federal 23 0.26
Other 13 0.15
Banco do Brasil 9 0.10
Bradesco 9 0.10
Banco Santander 8 0.09
Banco PAN 4 0.05
Banco Inter 2 0.02
BMG 1 0.01
None 1 0.01
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 50 0.36
1 46 0.34
2 29 0.21
3 9 0.07
4 3 0.02
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 27 0.31
Iti Itaú 26 0.30
PicPay 21 0.24
Mercado Pago 12 0.14
PagBank 6 0.07
Other 6 0.07
AME 3 0.03
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Credit card 48 0.35
Debit card 46 0.34
Checkings account 45 0.33
Savings account 35 0.26
Housing credit 34 0.25
Personal/Consumption credit 32 0.23
Digital wallet 24 0.18
Life insurance 24 0.18
Corporate credit 19 0.14
Vehicle credit 15 0.11
Death insurance 12 0.09
Other 7 0.05

  • 16.79% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 22 0.96
Other 2 0.09
Corporate 1 0.04
Housing 0 0.00
Vehicles 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 97 0.71
No 40 0.29
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 71 0.73
Between R$501 and R$1000 14 0.14
Prefer not to answer 10 0.10
Between R$1001 and R$2000 2 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 69 0.50
Labor market skills development 67 0.49
Languages skills development 48 0.35
Business skills development 46 0.34
Personal finance skills development 38 0.28
Business regularization 27 0.20
None, I’m fine 7 0.05
  • Their perceptions

Profile 6.1

  • There are 44 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 4.44% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2019

  • 61.36% are household chiefs

  • 50% are using digital or internet banking

  • 86.36% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Age distribution:

Average: 40.4

  • Sex distribution:
sex answers percentage
Female 27 0.61
Male 17 0.39
  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 21 0.48
Less than R$1.302,00 19 0.43
Between R$2.604,01 and R$3.906,00 2 0.05
Between R$3.906,01 and R$6.510,00 1 0.02
NA 1 0.02
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
Yes 44 1
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 14 0.32
Undergraduate (complete) 10 0.23
Secondary (incomplete) 7 0.16
Undergraduate (incomplete) 5 0.11
Postgraduate (complete) 2 0.05
Primary (complete) 2 0.05
Primary (incomplete) 2 0.05
NA/Other 1 0.02
Postgraduate (incomplete) 1 0.02
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 23 0.52
Amazonas 6 0.14
Roraima 5 0.11
Other 3 0.07
Rio Grande do Sul 3 0.07
Rio de Janeiro 2 0.05
Paraná 1 0.02
Santa Catarina 1 0.02
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 32 0.73
Bolivia 8 0.18
Cuba 1 0.02
Colombia 1 0.02
Afghanistan 1 0.02
Senegal 1 0.02
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 28 0.64
Debit card 23 0.52
Savings, deposit account 21 0.48
Credit card 11 0.25
None of the services listed above 8 0.18
Transfers incl. remittances 7 0.16
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 6 0.14
Insurance 4 0.09
Loan 3 0.07
Investments 1 0.02
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 1 0.02
Loan 0 0.00
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 12 0.27
Health 7 0.16
Life 4 0.09
Vehicle 2 0.05
Residential 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 24 0.71
Debit card 24 0.71
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 13 0.38
Savings, deposit account 10 0.29
Credit card 7 0.21
Transfers incl. remittances 7 0.21
Insurance 1 0.03
Investments 0 0.00
None of the above services listed 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 16 0.47
Itaú 15 0.44
Caixa Econômica Federal 12 0.35
Banco Santander 5 0.15
Banco do Brasil 4 0.12
Bradesco 4 0.12
Other 4 0.12
Banco PAN 2 0.06
Banco Inter 1 0.03
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
None 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
1 14 0.32
2 14 0.32
0 10 0.23
3 3 0.07
4 3 0.07
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 11 0.32
Iti Itaú 9 0.26
PicPay 7 0.21
Other 3 0.09
Mercado Pago 2 0.06
PagBank 2 0.06
AME 1 0.03
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 17 0.39
Credit card 17 0.39
Debit card 17 0.39
Housing credit 13 0.30
Savings account 11 0.25
Personal/Consumption credit 11 0.25
Corporate credit 8 0.18
Life insurance 7 0.16
Digital wallet 5 0.11
Vehicle credit 5 0.11
Death insurance 4 0.09
Other 3 0.07

  • 18.18% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 7 0.88
Other 1 0.12
Housing 0 0.00
Vehicles 0 0.00
Corporate 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 34 0.77
No 10 0.23
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 23 0.68
Between R$501 and R$1000 6 0.18
Prefer not to answer 4 0.12
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.03
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Labor market skills development 25 0.57
Business skills development 22 0.50
Hiring process skills development 19 0.43
Languages skills development 16 0.36
Personal finance skills development 12 0.27
Business regularization 12 0.27
None, I’m fine 2 0.05
  • Their perceptions

Profile 7: Unemployed and aspire to stay in Brazil

  • There are 116 migrants and refugees with this profile in our sample. That is, 11.72% of our sample.

  • Most of them arrived in 2018

  • 61.21% are household chiefs

  • 75% live with their families/children

  • 50.86% are using digital or internet banking

  • 69.83% plan to stay in the same city for the next 6 months

  • Sex distribution:

sex answers percentage
Female 95 0.82
Male 21 0.18
  • Age distribution:

Average: 38.1

  • Their income level:
inc answers percentage
Prefer not answer 90 0.78
Less than R$1.302,00 18 0.16
NA 7 0.06
Between R$1.302,00 and R$2.604,00 1 0.01
  • How your regular is your income:
income answers percentage
No 91 0.78
Yes 25 0.22
  • Do you receive financial assistance?
financ_assist answers percentage
Gov. Transfers 61 0.53
None 50 0.43
Humanitarian Assistance 3 0.03
Other 3 0.03
  • Their education level:
educ answers percentage
Secondary (complete) 39 0.34
Secondary (incomplete) 30 0.26
Undergraduate (incomplete) 15 0.13
Undergraduate (complete) 14 0.12
Primary (complete) 6 0.05
Primary (incomplete) 5 0.04
Postgraduate (complete) 3 0.03
Postgraduate (incomplete) 3 0.03
NA/Other 1 0.01
  • Where do they live?
region answers percentage
São Paulo 42 0.36
Roraima 27 0.23
Rio Grande do Sul 18 0.16
Amazonas 16 0.14
Distrito Federal 8 0.07
Other 2 0.02
Paraná 2 0.02
Rio de Janeiro 1 0.01
  • Nationality distribution:
nacionality answers percentage
Venezuela 110 0.95
Bolivia 2 0.02
Haiti 1 0.01
Colombia 1 0.01
Angola 1 0.01
Paraguai 1 0.01
  • What assets do your currently have in Brazil?
assets answers percentage
None 109 0.11
Other 5 0.01
Land 3 0.00
Productive assets 1 0.00
Valuables (jewelry, cash, etc) 0 0.00
House or apartment 0 0.00
Vehicle 0 0.00
  • The products they used in their home country:
use_br4 answers percentage
Bank account 60 0.52
Debit card 43 0.37
None of the services listed above 38 0.33
Savings, deposit account 23 0.20
Credit card 15 0.13
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 4 0.03
Loan 4 0.03
Insurance 4 0.03
Transfers incl. remittances 3 0.03
Investments 2 0.02
Loan 2 0.02
Loan 2 0.02
Loan 1 0.01
  • If they had an insurance in their home country, of type was it?
insur answers percentage
None 31 0.27
Health 14 0.12
Life 11 0.09
Vehicle 3 0.03
Residential 2 0.02
Corporate 2 0.02
None 0 0.00
  • The products they use:
use_br3 answers percentage
Bank account 40 0.67
Debit card 31 0.52
Digital account, wallet (on the phone) 13 0.22
Savings, deposit account 9 0.15
Credit card 7 0.12
Transfers incl. remittances 2 0.03
None of the above services listed 1 0.02
Investments 0 0.00
Insurance 0 0.00
Other 0 0.00
  • The institutions they hold bank accounts in:
use_br5 answers percentage
Nubank 28 0.47
Caixa Econômica Federal 21 0.35
Itaú 21 0.35
Banco Santander 10 0.17
Banco do Brasil 8 0.13
Other 4 0.07
Bradesco 3 0.05
Banco Inter 1 0.02
Banco PAN 1 0.02
None 1 0.02
BMG 0 0.00
Banco da Amazônia 0 0.00
Sofisa 0 0.00
  • In how many institutions to they hold accounts:
numb_accounts total percentage
0 57 0.49
1 36 0.31
2 12 0.10
3 8 0.07
4 2 0.02
5 1 0.01
  • In which institutions do they hold digital wallets?
use_br6 answers percentage
None 25 0.42
PicPay 13 0.22
Iti Itaú 10 0.17
Other 5 0.08
Mercado Pago 3 0.05
PagBank 3 0.05
AME 0 0.00
Bitz 0 0.00
Regarga Pay 0 0.00
  • Which of these products do you consider the most important?
prod_import answers percentage
Checkings account 34 0.29
Credit card 34 0.29
Debit card 28 0.24
Housing credit 23 0.20
Personal/Consumption credit 18 0.16
Savings account 16 0.14
Digital wallet 15 0.13
Life insurance 15 0.13
Corporate credit 7 0.06
Vehicle credit 7 0.06
Other 5 0.04
Death insurance 4 0.03

  • 7.76% have loans from FIs

  • For those that got loan/credit, for what was it for?

loan_br_use answers percentage
Consumption 7 0.78
Corporate 1 0.11
Other 1 0.11
Housing 0 0.00
Vehicles 0 0.00
  • Do you send money abroad?
use_br8 answers percentage
Yes 65 0.56
No 51 0.44
  • If you do, on average, how much do you send?
send_amount answers percentage
Less than R$500 53 0.82
Prefer not to answer 9 0.14
Between R$501 and R$1000 2 0.03
Between R$1001 and R$2000 1 0.02
  • In what of the following areas do you want to develop more skills?
asp answers percentage
Hiring process skills development 61 0.53
Labor market skills development 44 0.38
Languages skills development 34 0.29
Business skills development 31 0.27
Business regularization 15 0.13
Personal finance skills development 13 0.11
None, I’m fine 6 0.05
  • Their perceptions

Framework: Stability x Independence Index

Below are the two indexes that were created.

The indexes for each survey respondent was calculated as the simple average of the score that an observation receives for each component (e.g. income regularity, employment type, etc). In brackets are the score range for each component.

The higher the index the more stable and the more independent independent.

  • Stability index:

    • income regularity (0-1)

    • employment type (0-2)

    • willingness to move (0-2)

    • Stability index = (income regularity + employment type + willingness to move) / 3

  • Independence index:

    • income level (0-2)

    • government social programs (0-2)

    • Independence index = (income level + government social programs) / 2

profile stab_index indep_index number_obs percent_sample
Profile 1.1 1.57 0.44 72 0.07
Profile 1.2 1.57 0.47 81 0.08
Profile 2.1 0.37 0.22 16 0.02
Profile 2.2 0.33 0.22 9 0.01
Profile 2.3 0.40 0.26 31 0.03
Profile 3 1.01 0.42 64 0.06
Profile 4.1 1.54 0.69 13 0.01
Profile 4.2 1.20 0.31 31 0.03
Profile 5 1.29 0.50 44 0.04
Profile 6 1.00 0.16 54 0.05
Profile 6.1 1.33 0.47 38 0.04
Profile 7 0.63 0.35 116 0.12

Relationship credit card x bank account/digital accounts

## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc  No Yes
##      No  487  51
##      Yes 227  33
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc  No Yes
##      No   16   8
##      Yes 109  59
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 1.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  14   3
##      Yes 22   4
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 1.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   1   1
##      Yes 19   8
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 1.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  15   1
##      Yes 18   3
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 1.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   2   0
##      Yes 24  18
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 2.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   6   1
##      Yes  4   1
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 2.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   1   0
##      Yes  1   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 2.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   5   1
##      Yes  1   0
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 2.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   0
##      Yes  2   0
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 2.3
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  15   2
##      Yes  6   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 2.3
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   1   1
##      Yes  2   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 3
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  32   6
##      Yes 19   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 3
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   0
##      Yes  5   0
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 4.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   0
##      Yes  4   1
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 4.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   0
##      Yes  3   5
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 4.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  20   3
##      Yes  5   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 4.2
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   0
##      Yes  1   0
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 5
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  18   1
##      Yes  8   3
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 5
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   2   1
##      Yes  7   4
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 6
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  32   4
##      Yes  9   1
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 6
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   3   0
##      Yes  3   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 6.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  13   3
##      Yes 12   5
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 6.1
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   0   1
##      Yes  2   2
## 
## , , credit_card = Do not use credit card, profile = Profile 7
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No  67   7
##      Yes 31   4
## 
## , , credit_card = Use credit card, profile = Profile 7
## 
##         digital_acc
## bank_acc No Yes
##      No   1   1
##      Yes  4   1