# data
df <- data.frame(
  x1 = c(1, 2, 3, 7, 5),
  x2 = c(2, 3, 6, 2, 10),
  x3 = c(3, 3, 9, 1, 15),
  y = c("A", "A", "B", "B", "B")
)

# 
independent_vars <- colnames(df)[1:(ncol(df)-1)]

# 
oneway_func <- function(var) {
  formula <- as.formula(paste(var, "~ y"))
  oneway.test(formula, data = df, var.equal = F)$p.value
}

# batch oneway_func/test
result_list <- lapply(independent_vars, oneway_func)
result_list <- do.call("rbind", result_list)
class(result_list)
## [1] "matrix" "array"
result_list <- data.frame(result_list)
result_list$source <- independent_vars
result_list
##   result_list source
## 1  0.07982069     x1
## 2  0.26671059     x2
## 3         NaN     x3