PHÂN TÍCH DATASET CASchools CỦA PACKAGE AER- Bộ dữ liệu chứa dữ liệu về hiệu suất kiểm tra, đặc điểm của trường học và nền tảng nhân khẩu học của học sinh cho các trường học cấp quận ở California.

mô tả các biến trong dataset

CASchools: Bộ dữ liệu chứa dữ liệu về hiệu suất kiểm tra, đặc điểm của trường học và nền tảng nhân khẩu học của học sinh cho các trường học cấp quận ở California.

district : mã quận

school: tên trường

country: tên các thành phố/quận

grades: biểu thị nhịp độ của huyện

students: tổng số ghi danh

teachers: só giáo viên

calworks: Phần trăm đủ điều kiện hưởng hỗ trợ thu nhập của CalWorks

lunch: Phần trăm đủ điều kiện cho bữa ăn trưa giảm giá

computer: số lượng máy tính

expenditure:chi tiêu của mỗi sinh viên

income: thu nhập bình quân của huyện (1000 USD)

english: phần trăm người học tiếng anh

read: điểm đọc trung bình

math: điểm toán trung bình

lấy dữ liệu của CASHools và đổi tên biến

library(AER)
## Warning: package 'AER' was built under R version 4.2.3
## Loading required package: car
## Warning: package 'car' was built under R version 4.2.3
## Loading required package: carData
## Warning: package 'carData' was built under R version 4.2.3
## Loading required package: lmtest
## Warning: package 'lmtest' was built under R version 4.2.3
## Loading required package: zoo
## Warning: package 'zoo' was built under R version 4.2.3
## 
## Attaching package: 'zoo'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     as.Date, as.Date.numeric
## Loading required package: sandwich
## Warning: package 'sandwich' was built under R version 4.2.3
## Loading required package: survival
data(CASchools)
d<- CASchools
str(d)
## 'data.frame':    420 obs. of  14 variables:
##  $ district   : chr  "75119" "61499" "61549" "61457" ...
##  $ school     : chr  "Sunol Glen Unified" "Manzanita Elementary" "Thermalito Union Elementary" "Golden Feather Union Elementary" ...
##  $ county     : Factor w/ 45 levels "Alameda","Butte",..: 1 2 2 2 2 6 29 11 6 25 ...
##  $ grades     : Factor w/ 2 levels "KK-06","KK-08": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 ...
##  $ students   : num  195 240 1550 243 1335 ...
##  $ teachers   : num  10.9 11.1 82.9 14 71.5 ...
##  $ calworks   : num  0.51 15.42 55.03 36.48 33.11 ...
##  $ lunch      : num  2.04 47.92 76.32 77.05 78.43 ...
##  $ computer   : num  67 101 169 85 171 25 28 66 35 0 ...
##  $ expenditure: num  6385 5099 5502 7102 5236 ...
##  $ income     : num  22.69 9.82 8.98 8.98 9.08 ...
##  $ english    : num  0 4.58 30 0 13.86 ...
##  $ read       : num  692 660 636 652 642 ...
##  $ math       : num  690 662 651 644 640 ...
names(d)<- c('D','S','C','G','St','T','Ca','L','Co','E','I','El','R','M')
d[125,3]
## [1] Tulare
## 45 Levels: Alameda Butte Calaveras Contra Costa El Dorado Fresno ... Yuba
d[22,11]
## [1] 9.63

xử lý dữ liệu biến St - số học sinh

Stu<- d$St
# vùng có số học sinh lớn hơn 800 em
Stu800<- Stu[Stu>800]
# vùng có số học sinh lớn hơn 800 và nhỏ hơn 1500
Stu80015<-Stu[Stu>800&Stu<1500]
# xem dữ liệu thứ 5 của biến Stu800
Stu800[5]
## [1] 987
cut(Stu,4)
##   [1] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##   [4] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##   [7] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [10] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [13] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [16] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [19] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [22] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [25] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
##  [28] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [31] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
##  [34] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (2.04e+04,2.72e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [37] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [40] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [43] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [46] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [49] (2.04e+04,2.72e+04] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
##  [52] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
##  [55] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [58] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [61] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (2.04e+04,2.72e+04]
##  [64] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [67] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [70] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [73] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [76] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [79] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [82] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [85] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [88] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [91] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [94] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
##  [97] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [100] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [103] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [106] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [109] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [112] (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [115] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [118] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [121] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [124] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [127] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [130] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [133] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [136] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [139] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [142] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [145] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [148] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [151] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [154] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [157] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [160] (2.04e+04,2.72e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [163] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [166] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [169] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [172] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [175] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [178] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [181] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [184] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [187] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [190] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [193] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [196] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [199] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [202] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [205] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [208] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [211] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [214] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [217] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [220] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [223] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [226] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [229] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [232] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [235] (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [238] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [241] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [244] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [247] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [250] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [253] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [256] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [259] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [262] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [265] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [268] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [271] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [274] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [277] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [280] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [283] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [286] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [289] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [292] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [295] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [298] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [301] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [304] (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [307] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [310] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]
## [313] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [316] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [319] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [322] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [325] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [328] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [331] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [334] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [337] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [340] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [343] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [346] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [349] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [352] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [355] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [358] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [361] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [364] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [367] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [370] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [373] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [376] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [379] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [382] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [385] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [388] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [391] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [394] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [397] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (1.36e+04,2.04e+04]
## [400] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [403] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [406] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [409] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [412] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [415] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## [418] (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]     (53.9,6.85e+03]    
## 4 Levels: (53.9,6.85e+03] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] ... (2.04e+04,2.72e+04]
table(cut(Stu,4))
## 
##     (53.9,6.85e+03] (6.85e+03,1.36e+04] (1.36e+04,2.04e+04] (2.04e+04,2.72e+04] 
##                 375                  33                   8                   4

xử lý dữ liệu của biến M- điểm trung bình toán học

Ma<- d$M
#chia tổ và tạo bảng cho biến điểm trung bình toán
cut(Ma,4)
##   [1] (683,710] (657,683] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631]
##   [8] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [15] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [22] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [29] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [36] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (631,657]
##  [43] (605,631] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [50] (631,657] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631]
##  [57] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [64] (631,657] (631,657] (605,631] (631,657] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [71] (631,657] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [78] (605,631] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [85] (631,657] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [92] (631,657] (605,631] (605,631] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
##  [99] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [106] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [113] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [120] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [127] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [134] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [141] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [148] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [155] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [162] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [169] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [176] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [183] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [190] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [197] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [204] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [211] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657]
## [218] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657]
## [225] (657,683] (631,657] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (631,657] (657,683]
## [232] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657]
## [239] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683]
## [246] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657]
## [253] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657]
## [260] (631,657] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683]
## [267] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [274] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [281] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [288] (657,683] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657] (657,683] (657,683]
## [295] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [302] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [309] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [316] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [323] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [330] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [337] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [344] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [351] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [358] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [365] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [372] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [379] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683]
## [386] (657,683] (657,683] (657,683] (683,710] (657,683] (657,683] (683,710]
## [393] (657,683] (683,710] (657,683] (683,710] (683,710] (657,683] (683,710]
## [400] (657,683] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710]
## [407] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710]
## [414] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (683,710] (631,657] (657,683] (631,657]
## Levels: (605,631] (631,657] (657,683] (683,710]
table(cut(Ma,4))
## 
## (605,631] (631,657] (657,683] (683,710] 
##        56       192       148        24
# bảng tần số của hai biến " số học sinh" và " điểm trung bình toán"

table(cut(Stu,4),cut(Ma,4))
##                      
##                       (605,631] (631,657] (657,683] (683,710]
##   (53.9,6.85e+03]            47       167       138        23
##   (6.85e+03,1.36e+04]         5        19         9         0
##   (1.36e+04,2.04e+04]         2         4         1         1
##   (2.04e+04,2.72e+04]         2         2         0         0

lấy các dòng có biến english >30 hoặc biến teacher<60

ElT3060<- d[d$El>30|d$T<60,]
str(ElT3060)
## 'data.frame':    288 obs. of  14 variables:
##  $ D : chr  "75119" "61499" "61549" "61457" ...
##  $ S : chr  "Sunol Glen Unified" "Manzanita Elementary" "Thermalito Union Elementary" "Golden Feather Union Elementary" ...
##  $ C : Factor w/ 45 levels "Alameda","Butte",..: 1 2 2 2 6 29 11 6 25 19 ...
##  $ G : Factor w/ 2 levels "KK-06","KK-08": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 ...
##  $ St: num  195 240 1550 243 137 ...
##  $ T : num  10.9 11.1 82.9 14 6.4 ...
##  $ Ca: num  0.51 15.42 55.03 36.48 12.32 ...
##  $ L : num  2.04 47.92 76.32 77.05 86.96 ...
##  $ Co: num  67 101 169 85 25 28 66 35 0 86 ...
##  $ E : num  6385 5099 5502 7102 5580 ...
##  $ I : num  22.69 9.82 8.98 8.98 10.41 ...
##  $ El: num  0 4.58 30 0 12.41 ...
##  $ R : num  692 660 636 652 606 ...
##  $ M : num  690 662 651 644 605 ...
#số quan sát và số biến 
dim(ElT3060)
## [1] 288  14

Thêm biến vào dataset ban đầu

d$logL<-log(d$L)
d$IE<- d$I+d$E
head(d$IE)
## [1] 6407.601 5109.205 5510.933 7110.809 5245.068 5590.562