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This is an R Markdown document. Markdown is a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, and MS Word documents. For more details on using R Markdown see http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com.

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summary(cars)
##      speed           dist       
##  Min.   : 4.0   Min.   :  2.00  
##  1st Qu.:12.0   1st Qu.: 26.00  
##  Median :15.0   Median : 36.00  
##  Mean   :15.4   Mean   : 42.98  
##  3rd Qu.:19.0   3rd Qu.: 56.00  
##  Max.   :25.0   Max.   :120.00

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Write a short paragraph on various R-objects and describe the linear hierarchical difference between them.

die <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) die ##gives output for the function c

is.vector(die) ## gives binary response to the call function vector five <- 5 five ## 5

is.vector(five) ## gives if the function five is true or false length(five) ## gives the output for the five length(die) ## gives output for the line of code for die int <- 1L text <- “ace” int <- c(1L, 5L) text <- c(“ace”, “hearts”) ## 6 die <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) die typeof(die) ## “double” int <- c(-1L, 2L, 4L) int ## outputs the integers

typeof(int) ## outputs the types of integer sqrt(2)^2 - 2 text <- c(“Hello”, “World”) text ## gives the output of text hello world

typeof(text) ## this will be “character”

typeof(“Hello”) ## this will be “character” 3 > 4 ## FALSE because 4 >3 logic <- c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE) logic ##gives output for the statement

typeof(logic) ## “logical” output

typeof(F) ## “logical” output comp <- c(1 + 1i, 1 + 2i, 1 + 3i) comp ## using the comparision for complex numbers 1+1i 1+2i 1+3i

typeof(comp) ## “complex” is the type of numbers raw(3) ## 00 00 00

typeof(raw(3)) ## “raw” hand <- c(“ace”, “king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”) hand ## Outputs the decks in the cards being ace,queen, king, jack, ten”

typeof(hand) ## “character is the output m <- matrix(die, nrow = 2) m ## [,1] [,2] [,3] ## [1,] 1 3 5 ## [2,] 2 4 6 m <- matrix(die, nrow = 2, byrow = TRUE) m ## [,1] [,2] [,3] ## [1,] 1 2 3 ## [2,] 4 5 6 ar <- array(c(11:14, 21:24, 31:34), dim = c(2, 2, 3)) ar ## , , 1 ## ## [,1] [,2] ## [1,] 11 13 ## [2,] 12 14 ## ## , , 2 ## ## [,1] [,2] ## [1,] 21 23 ## [2,] 22 24 ## ## , , 3 ## ## [,1] [,2] ## [1,] 31 33 ## [2,] 32 34 ## [,1] [,2]
## [1,]”ace” “spades” ## [2,] “king” “spades” ## [3,] “queen” “spades” ## [4,] “jack” “spades” ## [5,] “ten” “spades” hand1 <- c(“ace”, “king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”)

matrix(hand1, nrow = 5) matrix(hand1, ncol = 2) dim(hand1) <- c(5, 2) hand2 <- c(“ace”, “spades”, “king”, “spades”, “queen”, “spades”, “jack”, “spades”, “ten”, “spades”)

matrix(hand2, nrow = 5, byrow = TRUE) matrix(hand2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE) list1 <- list(100:130, “R”, list(TRUE, FALSE)) list1 ## [[1]] ## [1] 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 ## [14] 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 ## [27] 126 127 128 129 130 ## ## [[2]] ## [1] “R” ## ## [[3]] ## [[3]][[1]] ## [1] TRUE ## ## [[3]][[2]] ## [1] FALSE card <- list(“ace”, “hearts”, 1) card ## [[1]] ## [1] “ace” ## ## [[2]] ## [1] “hearts” ## ## [[3]] ## [1] 1 df <- data.frame(face = c(“ace”, “two”, “six”),
suit = c(“clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”), value = c(1, 2, 3)) df ## face suit value ## ace clubs 1 ## two clubs 2 ## six clubs 3 typeof(df) ## “list”

class(df) ## “data.frame”

str(df) ## ‘data.frame’: 3 obs. of 3 variables: ## $ face : Factor w/ 3 levels “ace”,“six”,“two”: 1 3 2 ## $ suit : Factor w/ 1 level “clubs”: 1 1 1 ## $ value: num 1 2 3 df <- data.frame(face = c(“ace”, “two”, “six”),
suit = c(“clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”), value = c(1, 2, 3), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) ## face suit value ## king spades 13 ## queen spades 12 ## jack spades 11 ## ten spades 10 ## nine spades 9 ## eight spades 8 ## seven spades 7 ## six spades 6 ## five spades 5 ## four spades 4 ## three spades 3 ## two spades 2 ## ace spades 1 ## king clubs 13 ## queen clubs 12 ## jack clubs 11 ## ten clubs 10 deck <- data.frame( face = c(“king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”, “nine”, “eight”, “seven”, “six”, “five”, “four”, “three”, “two”, “ace”, “king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”, “nine”, “eight”, “seven”, “six”, “five”, “four”, “three”, “two”, “ace”, “king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”, “nine”, “eight”, “seven”, “six”, “five”, “four”, “three”, “two”, “ace”, “king”, “queen”, “jack”, “ten”, “nine”, “eight”, “seven”, “six”, “five”, “four”, “three”, “two”, “ace”),
suit = c(“spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “spades”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “clubs”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “diamonds”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”, “hearts”), value = c(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) )