Executive summary

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Data background

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Data cleaning

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library(tidyverse)
library(ggstance)  # For geom_pointrangeh()
library(forcats)  # For factors
library(scales)  # For nicer scales

set.seed(1234)  # Make all random draws the same
example_data <- tibble(x1 = rnorm(10000),
                           x2 = rnorm(10000),
                           y1 = sample(1:100, 10000, replace = TRUE),
                           y2 = sample(LETTERS[1:4], 10000, replace = TRUE),
                           y3 = sample(LETTERS[10:11], 10000, replace = TRUE),
                           year = sample(2010:2017, 10000, replace = TRUE)) %>%
  arrange(y2, year)

# write_csv(example_data, "data/example_data.csv")

Individual figures

Figure 1: Lollipop chart

First, I was interested in blah because blah, so I created a lollipop chart to show blah. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

example_data_summarized <- example_data %>%
  group_by(y2, y3) %>%
  summarize(n = n())
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'y2'. You can override using the `.groups`
## argument.
figure1 <- ggplot(example_data_summarized, 
                  aes(x = n, y = fct_rev(y2), color = y3)) +
  geom_pointrangeh(aes(xmin = 0, xmax = n), 
                   position = position_dodgev(height = 0.5),
                   size = 1, fatten = 5) +
  labs(x = "Total number of things", y = NULL) +
  guides(color = guide_legend(title = NULL)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c("#FF4266", "#82B09C")) +
  theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major.y = element_blank())

figure1
## Warning: Using the `size` aesthetic with geom_segment was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
## ℹ Please use the `linewidth` aesthetic instead.
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.

ggsave(figure1, filename = "images/figure1.png", 
       width = 6, height = 4, units = "in", bg = "transparent")

Figure 2: Changes over time

Next, I wanted to see how things have changed over time, so I created a blah because blah. I found blah. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

example_data_time <- example_data %>%
  gather(x_names, value, x1, x2) %>%
  group_by(x_names, year, y2) %>%
  summarize(x_avg = mean(value),
            error = sd(value) / sqrt(length(value))) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  mutate(upper = x_avg + (1.96 * error),
         lower = x_avg - (1.96 * error)) %>%
  mutate(x_names = recode(x_names, 
                          x1 = "X1 (average)",
                          x2 = "X2 (average)"))
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'x_names', 'year'. You can override using
## the `.groups` argument.
figure2 <- ggplot(example_data_time, 
                  aes(x = year, y = x_avg, color = x_names)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, size = 0.75, 
             color = "#CC3340", linetype = "dotted") +
  geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lower, ymax = upper, 
                  fill = x_names, color = NULL), alpha = 0.2) +
  geom_line(size = 1) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = c("#FA6900", "#69D1E8")) + 
  scale_y_continuous(labels = percent) +
  guides(color = guide_legend(title = NULL), fill = FALSE) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = "Whatever this is measuring") +
  facet_wrap(~ y2, nrow = 1) + 
  theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank())
## Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
## ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.
## Warning: The `<scale>` argument of `guides()` cannot be `FALSE`. Use "none" instead as
## of ggplot2 3.3.4.
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.
figure2

ggsave(figure2, filename = "images/figure2.png", 
       width = 16, height = 3, units = "in", bg = "transparent")

Figure 3: Relationships

I was also interested in the relationship between blah and blah, so I blahed. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

# There are a lot of points here and they're all random and pointless, so I
# simplify this graphic by just taking a subset of them
example_data_subset <- example_data %>%
  sample_n(500)
  
figure3 <- ggplot(example_data_subset, aes(x = y1, y = x2, color = y2)) +
  geom_point(size = 1, alpha = 0.75) + 
  geom_smooth(method = "lm", color = "#85144A", size = 2) +
  labs(x = "Some variable", y = "Some other variable") +
  guides(color = guide_legend(title = NULL)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c("#188146", "#004259", "#B00DC9", "#FFE01C")) +
  facet_wrap(~ y3) +
  theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank())

figure3
## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

ggsave(figure3, filename = "images/figure3.png", 
       width = 6, height = 4, units = "in", bg = "transparent")
## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'