Introduction

This is the Somalia March Sorghum forecast report. The goal is to assist users in evaluating current forecasts in the context of past forecasts and to translate the forecast component into key assumptions about food security.

The report includes the following key components:

  1. A verbal summary of assumptions based on the statistics in this forecast

  2. Mean Area, Production, and Yield over the years 2010-2020:This provides context for interpreting the grain data

  3. Historical Out of Sample Forecast Error Averaged Over a 10 Year+ Period. We show the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE).

  4. Yield Forecast, (based on March 2023 Precip, NDVI, Et0 ) expressed as percent of mean yield over the period 2012 - 2022.

Assumption Statements

Average Forecast Error For This Point in the Season

At this point in the season historical forecast error, is on average, below 40% for the admin units used in the forecast.


Admin Units Forecast to have Above or Below Average Yields

Of the admin units used in the forecast:

Averages are based on the most recent 10 year period of observed yields: (2010-2020)


The forecast identifies severe yield issues (lowest on record) in the following Admin Unit 2-zones:

The forecast identifies substantially below-average yields (among the lowest 3 on record) in the following Admin Unit 2-zones:


Summary Figures

Mean area, production, and yields for the years 2010-2020 .



Out of Sample Forecast Error (MAPE)

Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) calculated based on historical out of sample seasonal forecasts. Lower scores indicate greater accuracy. Forecasts are based on model type MODEL1



Yield Forecast for March 2023

Forecast values expressed as percent of Mean Yields over the Years 2010-2020 .

The figure shows predicted percent of mean (center) as well as lower (left) and higher (right) predicted percent of mean intervals.



Static and Dynamic Version of Main Forecast

Roll over the polygon borders to get the district name and % of mean forecast value.

Static Version

This map shows the main % of mean forecast value along with district labels for reference.

Discrete Map

This map shows the main % of mean forecast binned into discrete values. Averages are based on the most recent 10 year period of observed yields: 2012 - 2022

This table shows the forecast percentage of mean values in the above table along with the mean yield values from the first figure.


Table of Mean Yields and Predicted Percent of Mean Values
District % of mean % of mean (low) % of mean (high)
Hargeysa 70 33 70
Gabiley 84 63 84
Bulo-Burte 98 46 98
Jalalaqsi 147 130 147
Aadan Yabaal 118 105 118
Balcad 60 39 60
Cadale 64 64 64
Afgooye 106 77 106
Qoryooley 83 66 83
Wanla Weyn 92 67 92
Baydhabo 76 21 76
Buur Hakaba 104 63 104
Diinsoor 63 43 63
Qansax Dheere 94 50 94
Xudur 118 93 118
Tiyeglow 125 112 125
Waajid 91 72 91
Garbahaarey 140 119 140
Baardheere 89 77 89
Luuq 62 39 62
Bu'aale 122 70 122
Saakow 142 120 142
Afmadow 144 113 144

# Analog Year Forecasts Yield forecasts in analog years. <–DESCRIPTION OF ANALOG YEAR PROCESS–>.
*** –>


# Analog Year Forecasts Errors Forecast errors in analog years. If observed data is not available in a given year we cannot calculate forecast errors. Values are expressed a percentage of observed yields in a given year (t):


\[\frac{(observed_{(t)}-forecast_{(t)})}{observed_{(t)}}\] ***

Positive (+) values indicate an under prediction. Negative (-) values indicate an over prediction.

*** –>


  1. Extra/Extended Trees. A type of Random Forest Model↩︎

---
title: "Forecast Report with Analog Years-Somalia MAM"
output:
  html_notebook:
    toc: yes
fig_width: 7
fig_height: 6
fig_caption: true
---

```{r,eval=TRUE,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,results='hide'}
#-------------------Base Setup--------------------------------------------------
rm(list=ls())

#---Set base directory
dirG<-'~/Library/CloudStorage/GoogleDrive-frank_davenport@ucsb.edu/'

#---Set Project Directories
dirBase<-paste0(dirG,'My Drive/')
dirBase2<-paste0(dirG,'Shared drives/CHC Team Drive /')

#-Project Directories
dirProj<-paste0(dirBase2,'project_machine_learning_forecasting/') #project directory

dirViewer<-paste0(dirProj,'viewer/')
dirViewerOutStatic<-paste0(dirViewer,'viewer_static_shapes/')
dirViewerDynamic<-paste0(dirViewer,'viewer_dynamic_shapes/')

dirReport<-paste0(dirProj,'forecast_reporting/')
dirReportRdata<-paste0(dirReport,'forecast_reporting_Rdata/')
dirReportOut<-paste0(dirReport,'forecast_reporting_outputs/')


library(stringr)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(raster)
#library(rgdal)
library(mgcv)
library(tidyr)
library(lubridate)
library(sf)
library(rmapshaper)
library(viridis)
library(scales)
library(plotly)
library(forcats)
library(RColorBrewer)


library(knitr)
library(kableExtra)
library(shiny)

#========================================================================================

#Parameters
CURRENT_YEAR<-2023
MONTH<-3
DEKAD<-3
MODEL<-'ET'
COUNTRY<-'Somalia'
PRODUCT<-'Sorghum'
#CROP_AREA<-2  #Percent
ANALOG_YEARS<-c(1996, 1998, 2005, 2010, 2016, 2020, 2021)

month_name<-month.name[MONTH] #month the product is based on

#--Load Existing Plots
setwd(dirReportRdata)
load(file=paste0('20_forecast_reporting_main_plots',month_name,COUNTRY,'_',MODEL,'_',PRODUCT,'.Rdata'))
load(file=paste0('01_forecast_report_agstatmaps_',COUNTRY,'_',PRODUCT,'.Rdata'))
```
# Introduction
This is the `r COUNTRY` `r month_name` `r PRODUCT` forecast report. **The goal is to assist users in evaluating current forecasts in the context of past forecasts** and **to translate the forecast component into key assumptions about food security.**

The report includes the following key components:

1. ***A verbal summary of assumptions based on the statistics in this forecast*** 

2. ***Mean Area, Production, and Yield over the years 2010-2020:***This provides context for interpreting the grain data

3. ***Historical Out of Sample Forecast Error Averaged Over a 10 Year+ Period***. We show the ***M***ean ***A***bsolute ***P***ercent ***E***rror (***MAPE***).

4. ***Yield Forecast***, (based on `r lis_vars_report$month_name` `r lis_vars_report$max_evar_year` `r lis_vars_report$var_name` ) expressed as **percent of mean yield** over the period `r lis_vars_report$min_ag` - `r lis_vars_report$max_ag`.

<!-- 5. ***Forecasts and Forecast Error in Analog Years*** We show specific forecasts and forecast error for years were climatologically similar to those in this report. -->

# Assumption Statements 
#### Average Forecast Error For This Point in the Season
At this point in the season ***historical forecast error, is on average, below 40% for the admin units*** used in the forecast.


***

#### Admin Units Forecast to have Above or Below Average Yields
Of the ***admin units used in the forecast:***

<!-- * 1 are forecast to be severely below average (<50% of average)   -->
<!-- * 12 are forecast to be below average (< 90% of average)   -->
<!-- * 3 are forecast to be average (between 90 to 110% of average)   -->
<!-- * 2 are forecast to be above average (> 110% of average)   -->

**Averages** are based on the most recent 10 year period of observed yields: (2010-2020) <!--`r lis_vars_report$min_ag` - `r lis_vars_report$max_ag` -->

*** 

***The forecast identifies severe yield issues (lowest on record) in the following Admin Unit 2-zones:***
<!-- Middle Juba-Bu'aale -->

***The forecast identifies substantially below-average yields (among the lowest 3 on record) in the following Admin Unit 2-zones:***
<!-- Bay-Diinsoor, Bay-Qansax Dheere, Middle Juba-Bu'aale -->



***

# Summary Figures

#### Mean area, production, and yields for the years 2010-2020 <!--`r lis_vars_report$min_ag` to `r lis_vars_report$max_ag`-->.

***
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE}
p1all
```
***





#### Out of Sample Forecast Error (MAPE)
Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) calculated based on historical out of sample seasonal forecasts. **Lower scores indicate greater accuracy**. Forecasts are based on model type `MODEL`^[Extra/Extended Trees. A type of Random Forest Model]

***
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE}
p2
```
***


# Yield Forecast for `r lis_vars_report$month_name` `r lis_vars_report$max_evar_year` 
Forecast values expressed as percent of Mean Yields over the Years  2010-2020 <!--`r lis_vars_report$min_ag` - `r lis_vars_report$max_ag` -->. 

The figure shows ***predicted percent of mean*** (center) as well as lower (left) and higher (right) ***predicted percent of mean*** intervals.

***
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.width=8,fig.height=8}
#p3<-ggplotly(p=p3,tooltip=c('district','per_of_mean'))
p1
```
***

#### Static and Dynamic Version of Main Forecast
Roll over the polygon borders to get the district name and % of mean forecast value.

```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.align='center',fig.width=8,fig.height=8}
#p1Ls
p1L<-ggplotly(p1L,tooltip=c('admin2','value')) %>% layout(legend = list(orientation = "h", x = 0.4, y = -0.2))
p1L
```
#### Static Version
This map shows the main % of mean forecast value along with district labels for reference.
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.align='center',fig.width=8,fig.height=8}
p1Ls

```
#### Discrete Map
This map shows the main % of mean forecast binned into discrete values. **Averages** are based on the most recent 10 year period of observed yields: `r lis_vars_report$min_ag` - `r lis_vars_report$max_ag`
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.align='center',fig.width=8,fig.height=8}
p1Lc

```

#### This table shows the forecast percentage of mean values in the above table along with the mean yield values from the first figure. 
***
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE}
t1<-knitr::kable(dtab, caption = 'Table of Mean Yields and Predicted Percent of Mean Values')
t1<-kable_styling(t1,bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover","condensed"))
scroll_box(t1, height = '300px', width = '100%',
  box_css = "border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 1px; ", extra_css = NULL,
  fixed_thead = TRUE)


```
***

 # Analog Year Forecasts
Yield forecasts in analog years. <--DESCRIPTION OF ANALOG YEAR PROCESS-->.  
*** -->
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.width=7.5,fig.height=7.5}
p3
```
***

 # Analog Year Forecasts Errors
Forecast errors in analog years. If observed data is not available in a given year we cannot calculate forecast errors. Values are expressed a percentage  of observed yields in a given year _(t)_:

***
$$\frac{(observed_{(t)}-forecast_{(t)})}{observed_{(t)}}$$
*** 

***Positive (+)*** values indicate an _under prediction_. ***Negative (-)*** values indicate an _over prediction_.

*** -->
```{r,echo=FALSE,warning=FALSE,message=FALSE,fig.width=7.5,fig.height=7.5}
p4
```