Final decision models
Laura Menicacci
2023-04-17
Model specification
- Time series: 2000:2019
- Sample: us_q30 (-15 less patenting states)
- Function: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq
- p-val: 0.01, 0.05
- AR(0,1)
with IIS
AR 0
0.01
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + avg_temp
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0
Date: Mon Mar 27 01:28:00 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 720
Sample: 1 to 720
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
lgdp -3.87183601 1.33710748 -2.8957 0.0039124 **
lpop 0.89955545 0.39398348 2.2832 0.0227437 *
lgdp_sq 0.14585573 0.05018996 2.9061 0.0037865 **
avg_temp 0.00065794 0.01189470 0.0553 0.9559057
idCalifornia 0.50088495 0.59067851 0.8480 0.3967648
idColorado 0.53002841 0.20909064 2.5349 0.0114843 *
idConnecticut 1.43414851 0.25555736 5.6118 2.983e-08 ***
idDelaware 0.95608226 0.60180144 1.5887 0.1126219
idDistrictofColumbia 0.33624351 0.76191060 0.4413 0.6591331
idFlorida -0.52539442 0.35851610 -1.4655 0.1432840
idGeorgia -0.51307957 0.15706664 -3.2666 0.0011465 **
idIdaho -0.84594232 0.48774013 -1.7344 0.0833265 .
idIllinois -0.11285844 0.27007064 -0.4179 0.6761715
idIndiana -0.68870801 0.13263560 -5.1925 2.791e-07 ***
idIowa -1.01887695 0.26972181 -3.7775 0.0001732 ***
idKentucky -1.32456802 0.14993158 -8.8345 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.27097760 0.12527240 -2.1631 0.0309025 *
idMassachusetts 1.14436898 0.19928419 5.7424 1.443e-08 ***
idMichigan 0.32454606 0.25356614 1.2799 0.2010347
idMinnesota 0.42332351 0.25218214 1.6786 0.0937100 .
idMissouri -0.89357751 0.10714276 -8.3401 4.557e-16 ***
idNevada -0.07450347 0.31361708 -0.2376 0.8122969
idNewHampshire 0.06860170 0.51288212 0.1338 0.8936366
idNewJersey 0.10671673 0.18473910 0.5777 0.5636956
idNewMexico -0.08939918 0.36092091 -0.2477 0.8044480
idNewYork 0.68184429 0.45498618 1.4986 0.1344694
idNorthCarolina 0.03190199 0.14901847 0.2141 0.8305523
idOhio 0.22815965 0.23812894 0.9581 0.3383565
idOklahoma -0.88526442 0.17391487 -5.0902 4.708e-07 ***
idOregon 0.02521433 0.22733510 0.1109 0.9117204
idPennsylvania 0.19386893 0.27669203 0.7007 0.4837656
idRhodeIsland 0.03972407 0.55102443 0.0721 0.9425518
idSouthCarolina -0.36060029 0.15071616 -2.3926 0.0170178 *
idTennessee -0.80756543 0.08686121 -9.2972 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas -0.39659094 0.44896245 -0.8833 0.3773789
idUtah -0.39655136 0.29535520 -1.3426 0.1798693
idVirginia -0.15897306 0.14141229 -1.1242 0.2613575
idWashington 0.21116987 0.20109889 1.0501 0.2940778
idWisconsin -0.05456625 0.21998479 -0.2480 0.8041787
time2000 20.11572953 8.55561595 2.3512 0.0190167 *
time2001 20.19005985 8.55877702 2.3590 0.0186243 *
time2002 20.32060494 8.56034145 2.3738 0.0178999 *
time2003 20.31869878 8.56163500 2.3732 0.0179278 *
time2004 20.39390407 8.56671472 2.3806 0.0175763 *
time2005 20.59662741 8.57092445 2.4031 0.0165412 *
time2006 20.77859652 8.57471957 2.4232 0.0156591 *
time2007 20.86689804 8.57486707 2.4335 0.0152265 *
time2008 20.96926702 8.57272465 2.4460 0.0147115 *
time2009 21.12017210 8.57011677 2.4644 0.0139861 *
time2010 21.14990866 8.57341970 2.4669 0.0138890 *
time2011 21.11065799 8.57515918 2.4618 0.0140853 *
time2012 21.06909229 8.57910294 2.4559 0.0143194 *
time2013 21.02899876 8.57468058 2.4525 0.0144545 *
time2014 20.72312952 8.57635345 2.4163 0.0159575 *
time2015 20.78538374 8.58140126 2.4221 0.0157060 *
time2016 20.66007197 8.58370890 2.4069 0.0163711 *
time2017 20.65051282 8.58398123 2.4057 0.0164240 *
time2018 20.70004906 8.58420323 2.4114 0.0161715 *
time2019 20.57446736 8.58445737 2.3967 0.0168288 *
iis105 -1.06002154 0.25865890 -4.0981 4.700e-05 ***
iis109 -1.49562521 0.25994939 -5.7535 1.355e-08 ***
iis110 -0.84763893 0.25965870 -3.2644 0.0011553 **
iis111 -0.90423160 0.25959542 -3.4832 0.0005292 ***
iis162 -0.85560512 0.26086080 -3.2799 0.0010947 **
iis247 -1.12455628 0.25697743 -4.3761 1.411e-05 ***
iis342 -1.00830387 0.25754854 -3.9150 0.0001001 ***
iis379 -0.76463630 0.26426913 -2.8934 0.0039406 **
iis523 1.12083895 0.25817673 4.3414 1.646e-05 ***
iis524 0.83645408 0.25871235 3.2331 0.0012873 **
iis601 -0.82648775 0.25721550 -3.2132 0.0013785 **
iis604 -0.89978657 0.25741507 -3.4955 0.0005059 ***
iis662 -0.94621806 0.25732187 -3.6772 0.0002556 ***
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.57366776 0.11536591 -4.9726 8.496e-07 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.78909710 0.12755601 -6.1863 1.099e-09 ***
fesisNevada.2010 -0.57921768 0.12607609 -4.5942 5.234e-06 ***
fesisNewYork.2005 -0.44748155 0.13404300 -3.3383 0.0008917 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2005 -0.60727725 0.13439005 -4.5188 7.409e-06 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.78663472 0.11645607 6.7548 3.218e-11 ***
fesisUtah.2019 -0.84414380 0.26176973 -3.2248 0.0013250 **
fesisWisconsin.2014 0.42053841 0.12376524 3.3979 0.0007212 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.51109 1 0.4747
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 2.23601 1 0.1348
SE of regression 0.24677
R-squared 0.94521
Log-lik.(n=720) 25.85228 0.05
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + avg_temp
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.05; AR: 0
Date: Mon Mar 27 01:28:01 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 720
Sample: 1 to 720
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
lgdp -4.5796241 1.2624495 -3.6276 0.0003097 ***
lpop 0.8977699 0.3905818 2.2985 0.0218631 *
lgdp_sq 0.1774750 0.0470336 3.7734 0.0001765 ***
avg_temp 0.0051732 0.0110974 0.4662 0.6412621
idCalifornia -0.1197365 0.6082243 -0.1969 0.8439999
idColorado 0.0510896 0.2332853 0.2190 0.8267217
idConnecticut 1.1516774 0.2562882 4.4937 8.355e-06 ***
idDelaware 0.6860813 0.5832877 1.1762 0.2399546
idDistrictofColumbia -0.0638333 0.7536181 -0.0847 0.9325253
idFlorida -1.0278329 0.3922133 -2.6206 0.0089931 **
idGeorgia -0.9505352 0.2090455 -4.5470 6.547e-06 ***
idIdaho -1.0452574 0.4696488 -2.2256 0.0263994 *
idIllinois -0.5133078 0.3037611 -1.6898 0.0915619 .
idIndiana -0.9883010 0.1755648 -5.6293 2.746e-08 ***
idIowa -1.7142256 0.2973757 -5.7645 1.293e-08 ***
idKentucky -1.5633370 0.1747677 -8.9452 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.5902795 0.1629928 -3.6215 0.0003169 ***
idMassachusetts 0.8260663 0.2216918 3.7262 0.0002122 ***
idMichigan -0.3457920 0.3177989 -1.0881 0.2769814
idMinnesota 0.3524031 0.2613931 1.3482 0.1780959
idMissouri -1.1942308 0.1553778 -7.6860 5.981e-14 ***
idNevada -0.3908231 0.3057522 -1.2782 0.2016457
idNewHampshire 0.6232594 0.5393237 1.1556 0.2482779
idNewJersey -0.2563323 0.2218206 -1.1556 0.2482972
idNewMexico -0.3388597 0.3513240 -0.9645 0.3351609
idNewYork 0.2223266 0.4703370 0.4727 0.6365965
idNorthCarolina -0.3377885 0.2033522 -1.6611 0.0971996 .
idOhio -0.1333150 0.2777370 -0.4800 0.6313938
idOklahoma -1.1799653 0.1883792 -6.2638 7.035e-10 ***
idOregon -0.2136720 0.2349725 -0.9093 0.3635200
idPennsylvania -0.1752545 0.3108444 -0.5638 0.5730935
idRhodeIsland -0.3352041 0.5326303 -0.6293 0.5293605
idSouthCarolina -0.6821628 0.1723053 -3.9590 8.399e-05 ***
idTennessee -1.1294401 0.1464074 -7.7144 4.883e-14 ***
idTexas -0.9590797 0.4746887 -2.0204 0.0437680 *
idUtah -0.6329820 0.2917152 -2.1699 0.0303969 *
idVirginia -0.7095374 0.2106086 -3.3690 0.0008013 ***
idWashington -0.0904136 0.2249551 -0.4019 0.6878826
idWisconsin -0.3169818 0.2370264 -1.3373 0.1816071
time2000 24.0771003 8.0977125 2.9733 0.0030605 **
time2001 24.2301111 8.1000289 2.9914 0.0028878 **
time2002 24.3062884 8.1013563 3.0003 0.0028058 **
time2003 24.3286839 8.1024555 3.0026 0.0027845 **
time2004 24.3776123 8.1073167 3.0069 0.0027466 **
time2005 24.5855001 8.1117853 3.0308 0.0025406 **
time2006 24.7632646 8.1155301 3.0513 0.0023757 **
time2007 24.8421889 8.1156623 3.0610 0.0023014 **
time2008 24.9575398 8.1134079 3.0761 0.0021899 **
time2009 25.1260155 8.1108365 3.0978 0.0020377 **
time2010 25.1227961 8.1140735 3.0962 0.0020488 **
time2011 25.1066832 8.1156125 3.0936 0.0020664 **
time2012 25.0130488 8.1190469 3.0808 0.0021561 **
time2013 25.0193944 8.1153855 3.0830 0.0021407 **
time2014 24.7113594 8.1169845 3.0444 0.0024304 **
time2015 24.7453914 8.1217986 3.0468 0.0024115 **
time2016 24.6148266 8.1240589 3.0299 0.0025486 **
time2017 24.5909458 8.1241201 3.0269 0.0025734 **
time2018 24.6254443 8.1243561 3.0311 0.0025387 **
time2019 24.4954861 8.1243992 3.0151 0.0026746 **
iis4 -0.6040211 0.2342581 -2.5784 0.0101545 *
iis105 -0.9292796 0.2397215 -3.8765 0.0001173 ***
iis109 -0.7828524 0.2587299 -3.0258 0.0025831 **
iis141 0.8378084 0.2321654 3.6087 0.0003326 ***
iis162 -0.9286962 0.2343234 -3.9633 8.253e-05 ***
iis223 0.8274835 0.2348631 3.5233 0.0004577 ***
iis225 0.6234613 0.2325586 2.6809 0.0075386 **
iis233 0.6345534 0.2329954 2.7235 0.0066425 **
iis239 0.6827010 0.2325261 2.9360 0.0034480 **
iis242 -0.7571809 0.2309019 -3.2792 0.0010993 **
iis247 -1.1758119 0.2302605 -5.1064 4.376e-07 ***
iis342 -1.0695138 0.2307865 -4.6342 4.371e-06 ***
iis361 0.5836554 0.2402011 2.4299 0.0153879 *
iis374 -0.6255550 0.2396966 -2.6098 0.0092792 **
iis375 -0.6353191 0.2430646 -2.6138 0.0091723 **
iis379 -0.8738594 0.2401034 -3.6395 0.0002960 ***
iis390 -0.6738314 0.2305274 -2.9230 0.0035934 **
iis523 1.1208187 0.2313397 4.8449 1.603e-06 ***
iis524 0.8045259 0.2318767 3.4696 0.0005574 ***
iis564 0.6024259 0.2509280 2.4008 0.0166537 *
iis601 -0.7947668 0.2306680 -3.4455 0.0006086 ***
iis604 -0.9191825 0.2305919 -3.9862 7.515e-05 ***
iis662 -0.7921529 0.2507770 -3.1588 0.0016614 **
fesisArizona.2003 -0.3526091 0.1459040 -2.4167 0.0159492 *
fesisColorado.2007 0.3274064 0.1074735 3.0464 0.0024146 **
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.5533189 0.1036234 -5.3397 1.309e-07 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.7512458 0.1150059 -6.5322 1.353e-10 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -0.5898760 0.1572632 -3.7509 0.0001928 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.8963353 0.1555054 5.7640 1.296e-08 ***
fesisIowa.2002 0.3558123 0.1743448 2.0409 0.0416891 *
fesisMichigan.2003 0.4293837 0.1459296 2.9424 0.0033786 **
fesisMinnesota.2008 -0.2986697 0.1035665 -2.8838 0.0040651 **
fesisNevada.2010 -0.3554430 0.1230101 -2.8895 0.0039931 **
fesisNewHampshire.2001 -0.7972922 0.2327313 -3.4258 0.0006536 ***
fesisNewHampshire.2019 0.6880656 0.2320412 2.9653 0.0031406 **
fesisNewYork.2005 -0.4527363 0.1205214 -3.7565 0.0001886 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2005 -0.4621759 0.1313614 -3.5184 0.0004661 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.6790388 0.1110161 6.1166 1.695e-09 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2017 0.4928122 0.1502211 3.2806 0.0010941 **
fesisUtah.2019 -0.7932442 0.2352192 -3.3724 0.0007917 ***
fesisVirginia.2005 0.2550105 0.1267480 2.0119 0.0446582 *
fesisWisconsin.2014 0.4528055 0.1110501 4.0775 5.147e-05 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.007584 1 0.9306
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 0.704823 1 0.4012
SE of regression 0.22076
R-squared 0.95759
Log-lik.(n=720) 116.56712 AR 1
0.01
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + avg_temp
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.01; AR: 1
Date: Mon Mar 27 01:28:15 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 684
Sample: 1 to 684
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
ar1 0.081340 0.035478 2.2927 0.0222042 *
lgdp -447.390219 357.310383 -1.2521 0.2110106
lpop 435.874080 348.363959 1.2512 0.2113392
lgdp_sq 10.803967 8.614423 1.2542 0.2102591
avg_temp 1.058820 0.811459 1.3048 0.1924403
idCalifornia 2.054413 0.114625 17.9229 < 2.2e-16 ***
idColorado 0.266464 0.082171 3.2428 0.0012482 **
idConnecticut 0.848909 0.111483 7.6147 1.009e-13 ***
idDelaware -0.175636 0.090387 -1.9431 0.0524582 .
idDistrictofColumbia -1.384828 0.132535 -10.4488 < 2.2e-16 ***
idFlorida 0.346992 0.082704 4.1956 3.125e-05 ***
idGeorgia -0.270544 0.081614 -3.3149 0.0009709 ***
idIdaho -1.389499 0.096208 -14.4426 < 2.2e-16 ***
idIllinois 0.342865 0.082872 4.1373 4.008e-05 ***
idIndiana -0.658398 0.084730 -7.7705 3.322e-14 ***
idIowa -1.454056 0.096728 -15.0324 < 2.2e-16 ***
idKentucky -1.463695 0.099604 -14.6951 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.390093 0.082305 -4.7396 2.667e-06 ***
idMassachusetts 0.975452 0.090781 10.7452 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMichigan 0.582059 0.084993 6.8483 1.825e-11 ***
idMinnesota 0.188779 0.081900 2.3050 0.0215011 *
idMissouri -0.908231 0.089209 -10.1810 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNevada -0.758430 0.098221 -7.7216 4.716e-14 ***
idNewHampshire -0.773265 0.085626 -9.0308 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNewJersey 0.239849 0.082308 2.9140 0.0036984 **
idNewMexico -0.665346 0.084411 -7.8822 1.482e-14 ***
idNewYork 1.194376 0.095047 12.5662 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNorthCarolina 0.253382 0.082154 3.0842 0.0021328 **
idOhio 0.577968 0.085132 6.7891 2.678e-11 ***
idOklahoma -1.122293 0.091297 -12.2928 < 2.2e-16 ***
idOregon 0.369153 0.156521 2.3585 0.0186637 *
idPennsylvania 0.642510 0.085684 7.4986 2.280e-13 ***
idRhodeIsland -0.536668 0.158366 -3.3888 0.0007472 ***
idSouthCarolina -0.538131 0.112359 -4.7894 2.102e-06 ***
idTennessee -0.776126 0.088216 -8.7980 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas 0.749702 0.087148 8.6026 < 2.2e-16 ***
idUtah -0.857730 0.088071 -9.7391 < 2.2e-16 ***
idVirginia -0.042333 0.082471 -0.5133 0.6079209
idWashington 0.149391 0.081763 1.8271 0.0681687 .
idWisconsin -0.061383 0.081329 -0.7548 0.4506884
time2001 64.745714 52.034503 1.2443 0.2138721
time2002 61.173257 49.057242 1.2470 0.2128837
time2003 61.974140 49.723308 1.2464 0.2131025
time2004 60.249785 48.245674 1.2488 0.2122120
time2005 58.191049 46.505691 1.2513 0.2113159
time2006 52.239637 41.624553 1.2550 0.2099514
time2007 47.602037 37.877995 1.2567 0.2093352
time2008 39.393635 31.199127 1.2627 0.2071960
time2009 19.302516 15.017601 1.2853 0.1991653
time2010 17.601775 13.634790 1.2909 0.1972107
time2011 17.141187 13.278143 1.2909 0.1972153
time2012 13.156496 10.198605 1.2900 0.1975286
time2013 11.027991 8.466880 1.3025 0.1932411
time2014 4.666085 3.682181 1.2672 0.2055641
time2015 2.303684 1.712806 1.3450 0.1791318
iis3 -0.741274 0.257917 -2.8741 0.0041929 **
iis99 -1.045690 0.271054 -3.8579 0.0001265 ***
iis103 -0.917499 0.293605 -3.1249 0.0018627 **
iis211 0.895940 0.258364 3.4677 0.0005617 ***
iis234 -1.100727 0.257593 -4.2731 2.235e-05 ***
iis324 -0.958357 0.257759 -3.7180 0.0002192 ***
iis360 -0.755375 0.268353 -2.8149 0.0050372 **
iis573 -0.936896 0.257777 -3.6345 0.0003020 ***
iis627 -0.880522 0.257600 -3.4182 0.0006723 ***
iis628 -0.939775 0.257876 -3.6443 0.0002909 ***
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.567375 0.118338 -4.7945 2.050e-06 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.731702 0.125996 -5.8074 1.021e-08 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -0.603009 0.179617 -3.3572 0.0008363 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.801562 0.174936 4.5820 5.584e-06 ***
fesisNevada.2012 -0.383389 0.123513 -3.1040 0.0019973 **
fesisOregon.2004 -0.723104 0.159274 -4.5400 6.778e-06 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2004 -0.789741 0.158988 -4.9673 8.824e-07 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.758449 0.122000 6.2168 9.404e-10 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.11873 1 0.7304
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 1.33436 1 0.2480
SE of regression 0.24716
R-squared 0.94406
Log-lik.(n=684) 21.98927 0.05
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + avg_temp
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.05; AR: 1
Date: Mon Mar 27 01:28:11 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 684
Sample: 1 to 684
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
ar1 0.088222 0.032667 2.7007 0.0071189 **
lgdp -370.701911 328.280257 -1.1292 0.2592631
lpop 361.675055 320.062617 1.1300 0.2589305
lgdp_sq 8.925075 7.914456 1.1277 0.2599088
avg_temp 0.880316 0.745450 1.1809 0.2381117
idCalifornia 2.040078 0.104231 19.5726 < 2.2e-16 ***
idColorado 0.294310 0.074770 3.9362 9.267e-05 ***
idConnecticut 0.851617 0.100480 8.4755 < 2.2e-16 ***
idDelaware -0.115694 0.083157 -1.3913 0.1646711
idDistrictofColumbia -1.364355 0.119516 -11.4157 < 2.2e-16 ***
idFlorida 0.345414 0.074300 4.6489 4.122e-06 ***
idGeorgia -0.304919 0.074223 -4.1081 4.554e-05 ***
idIdaho -1.336261 0.087746 -15.2287 < 2.2e-16 ***
idIllinois 0.341111 0.074459 4.5812 5.647e-06 ***
idIndiana -0.652452 0.076199 -8.5625 < 2.2e-16 ***
idIowa -1.945826 0.237293 -8.2001 1.510e-15 ***
idKentucky -1.415482 0.091420 -15.4832 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.386304 0.073915 -5.2264 2.404e-07 ***
idMassachusetts 0.968963 0.081913 11.8292 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMichigan 0.578605 0.076462 7.5672 1.476e-13 ***
idMinnesota 0.438614 0.106711 4.1103 4.512e-05 ***
idMissouri -0.898013 0.080376 -11.1727 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNevada -0.753154 0.088289 -8.5305 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNewHampshire -0.760436 0.078984 -9.6277 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNewJersey 0.238728 0.073926 3.2293 0.0013100 **
idNewMexico -0.503573 0.096202 -5.2345 2.304e-07 ***
idNewYork 1.186169 0.085920 13.8054 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNorthCarolina 0.252464 0.073779 3.4219 0.0006650 ***
idOhio 0.574422 0.076593 7.4996 2.368e-13 ***
idOklahoma -1.112910 0.082373 -13.5106 < 2.2e-16 ***
idOregon -0.193194 0.231589 -0.8342 0.4045017
idPennsylvania 0.638613 0.077113 8.2815 8.204e-16 ***
idRhodeIsland -0.533554 0.142290 -3.7498 0.0001945 ***
idSouthCarolina 0.026094 0.232097 0.1124 0.9105247
idTennessee -0.770008 0.079443 -9.6926 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas 0.744963 0.078494 9.4907 < 2.2e-16 ***
idUtah -0.810742 0.080356 -10.0893 < 2.2e-16 ***
idVirginia -0.038397 0.074028 -0.5187 0.6041796
idWashington 0.149093 0.073409 2.0310 0.0427050 *
idWisconsin -0.059982 0.072997 -0.8217 0.4115729
time2001 53.518063 47.806992 1.1195 0.2633998
time2002 50.549051 45.071632 1.1215 0.2625206
time2003 51.222982 45.683662 1.1213 0.2626368
time2004 49.834191 44.325999 1.1243 0.2613584
time2005 48.186508 42.727507 1.1278 0.2598791
time2006 43.280814 38.242901 1.1317 0.2582066
time2007 39.485652 34.800778 1.1346 0.2569962
time2008 32.689517 28.664376 1.1404 0.2545736
time2009 16.055051 13.797345 1.1636 0.2450438
time2010 14.614367 12.526790 1.1666 0.2438243
time2011 14.242073 12.199135 1.1675 0.2434947
time2012 10.921067 9.370038 1.1655 0.2442760
time2013 9.155834 7.778854 1.1770 0.2396646
time2014 3.831674 3.383045 1.1326 0.2578385
time2015 1.899277 1.573708 1.2069 0.2279627
iis3 -0.717666 0.231570 -3.0991 0.0020335 **
iis40 -0.546985 0.231423 -2.3636 0.0184234 *
iis87 -0.762833 0.234447 -3.2537 0.0012042 **
iis99 -1.038872 0.243320 -4.2696 2.283e-05 ***
iis103 -0.896661 0.263850 -3.3984 0.0007236 ***
iis144 0.703624 0.231627 3.0377 0.0024891 **
iis153 -0.796693 0.231953 -3.4347 0.0006349 ***
iis211 0.877308 0.232425 3.7746 0.0001765 ***
iis229 -0.680297 0.232605 -2.9247 0.0035807 **
iis234 -1.104590 0.231685 -4.7676 2.352e-06 ***
iis324 -1.001821 0.231936 -4.3194 1.836e-05 ***
iis360 -1.292015 0.320139 -4.0358 6.160e-05 ***
iis370 -0.696462 0.231755 -3.0052 0.0027673 **
iis503 -0.560731 0.232604 -2.4107 0.0162286 *
iis538 0.560620 0.233372 2.4023 0.0166026 *
iis551 -0.621087 0.233285 -2.6624 0.0079716 **
iis568 0.622450 0.236136 2.6360 0.0086105 **
iis569 0.560564 0.237251 2.3628 0.0184639 *
iis573 -0.910884 0.231413 -3.9362 9.268e-05 ***
iis624 -0.734955 0.231591 -3.1735 0.0015846 **
iis627 -0.899508 0.231919 -3.8785 0.0001169 ***
iis628 -0.981514 0.232034 -4.2300 2.709e-05 ***
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.577678 0.106519 -5.4232 8.554e-08 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.782904 0.114677 -6.8270 2.162e-11 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -0.629781 0.161617 -3.8968 0.0001087 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.829289 0.168422 4.9239 1.103e-06 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2017 -0.641585 0.247166 -2.5958 0.0096735 **
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2018 0.923320 0.276172 3.3433 0.0008805 ***
fesisIowa.2002 0.532099 0.232372 2.2899 0.0223824 *
fesisMinnesota.2007 -0.365931 0.111742 -3.2748 0.0011195 **
fesisNevada.2012 -0.473397 0.115892 -4.0848 5.022e-05 ***
fesisNevada.2018 0.652955 0.244367 2.6720 0.0077482 **
fesisNewHampshire.2019 0.576808 0.232138 2.4848 0.0132403 *
fesisNewMexico.2009 -0.610091 0.153103 -3.9848 7.599e-05 ***
fesisNewMexico.2012 0.468248 0.152553 3.0694 0.0022435 **
fesisOregon.2002 0.837190 0.276304 3.0300 0.0025531 **
fesisOregon.2004 -0.959168 0.171122 -5.6052 3.199e-08 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2004 -0.778470 0.144456 -5.3890 1.026e-07 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2002 -0.642762 0.243688 -2.6376 0.0085689 **
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.733249 0.118154 6.2059 1.026e-09 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.17072 1 0.6795
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 0.11704 1 0.7323
SE of regression 0.22184
R-squared 0.95656
Log-lik.(n=684) 106.92467 without IIS
AR 0
0.01
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0
Date: Fri Apr 14 17:12:58 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 720
Sample: 1 to 720
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
lgdp -3.5815225 1.4009912 -2.5564 0.0108027 *
lpop 0.8461581 0.4113741 2.0569 0.0400956 *
lgdp_sq 0.1346430 0.0526730 2.5562 0.0108094 *
idCalifornia 0.6210648 0.6164346 1.0075 0.3140657
idColorado 0.5079416 0.1284517 3.9543 8.521e-05 ***
idConnecticut 1.3973011 0.2358845 5.9237 5.115e-09 ***
idDelaware 0.8861238 0.6323186 1.4014 0.1615775
idDistrictofColumbia -0.0125743 0.8132498 -0.0155 0.9876685
idFlorida -0.4578084 0.3605571 -1.2697 0.2046391
idGeorgia -0.4911109 0.1612582 -3.0455 0.0024174 **
idIdaho -0.9336053 0.4704488 -1.9845 0.0476222 *
idIllinois -0.0799868 0.2593511 -0.3084 0.7578687
idIndiana -0.6941551 0.0860984 -8.0623 3.628e-15 ***
idIowa -1.0563856 0.2410685 -4.3821 1.371e-05 ***
idKentucky -1.3990793 0.1662116 -8.4175 2.473e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.2807934 0.1134645 -2.4747 0.0135891 *
idMassachusetts 1.1366044 0.1473195 7.7152 4.585e-14 ***
idMichigan 0.3364820 0.1689036 1.9922 0.0467739 *
idMinnesota 0.4006213 0.1210782 3.3088 0.0009890 ***
idMissouri -0.9510379 0.0849570 -11.1943 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNevada -0.1190665 0.3110011 -0.3828 0.7019574
idNewHampshire 0.0092217 0.5023907 0.0184 0.9853608
idNewJersey 0.1176019 0.1696061 0.6934 0.4883183
idNewMexico -0.1283684 0.3727006 -0.3444 0.7306367
idNewYork 0.7424089 0.4298236 1.7272 0.0846017 .
idNorthCarolina 0.0498543 0.1542886 0.3231 0.7467061
idOhio 0.2529064 0.2153275 1.1745 0.2406190
idOklahoma -0.9057541 0.1825338 -4.9621 8.925e-07 ***
idOregon 0.6195870 0.2145899 2.8873 0.0040153 **
idPennsylvania 0.2229940 0.2453324 0.9089 0.3637169
idRhodeIsland -0.0085242 0.5669112 -0.0150 0.9880079
idSouthCarolina -0.3737398 0.1557256 -2.4000 0.0166771 *
idTennessee -1.2594025 0.1309141 -9.6201 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas -0.3072040 0.4696831 -0.6541 0.5133013
idUtah -0.4345306 0.2781155 -1.5624 0.1186802
idVirginia -0.5086846 0.1666213 -3.0529 0.0023591 **
idWashington 0.2033613 0.1240486 1.6394 0.1016228
idWisconsin -0.0725189 0.0993647 -0.7298 0.4657612
time2000 18.7360069 8.9195965 2.1005 0.0360674 *
time2001 18.7562437 8.9204971 2.1026 0.0358864 *
time2002 18.9961983 8.9226748 2.1290 0.0336329 *
time2003 18.9609162 8.9258190 2.1243 0.0340256 *
time2004 19.0267293 8.9301495 2.1306 0.0334972 *
time2005 19.2346682 8.9341419 2.1529 0.0316924 *
time2006 19.4161568 8.9366450 2.1726 0.0301693 *
time2007 19.5035673 8.9379115 2.1821 0.0294599 *
time2008 19.5874546 8.9374064 2.1916 0.0287622 *
time2009 19.7570271 8.9349727 2.2112 0.0273708 *
time2010 19.7880236 8.9367166 2.2142 0.0271602 *
time2011 19.7413804 8.9377557 2.2088 0.0275409 *
time2012 19.7013437 8.9386150 2.2041 0.0278707 *
time2013 19.6597759 8.9392353 2.1993 0.0282119 *
time2014 19.3536187 8.9414592 2.1645 0.0307925 *
time2015 19.4173231 8.9433785 2.1711 0.0302834 *
time2016 19.2929392 8.9442935 2.1570 0.0313724 *
time2017 19.2835933 8.9451248 2.1558 0.0314700 *
time2018 19.3116101 8.9470486 2.1584 0.0312613 *
time2019 19.2071411 8.9478212 2.1466 0.0321985 *
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.5734863 0.1201750 -4.7721 2.256e-06 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.7833471 0.1331159 -5.8847 6.401e-09 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -0.8449797 0.1788101 -4.7256 2.817e-06 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2011 1.1837750 0.1777226 6.6608 5.825e-11 ***
fesisKentucky.2006 -1.0751927 0.2819155 -3.8139 0.0001499 ***
fesisKentucky.2007 1.1599666 0.2710213 4.2800 2.152e-05 ***
fesisNevada.2010 -0.6479528 0.1290837 -5.0196 6.700e-07 ***
fesisNewYork.2005 -0.4462278 0.1398235 -3.1914 0.0014846 **
fesisOregon.2004 -0.6563267 0.1480195 -4.4341 1.086e-05 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2005 -0.6153182 0.1399298 -4.3973 1.281e-05 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.7927847 0.1216131 6.5189 1.426e-10 ***
fesisTennessee.2005 0.4845546 0.1352541 3.5826 0.0003658 ***
fesisUtah.2019 -0.8465821 0.2725547 -3.1061 0.0019786 **
fesisVirginia.2005 0.4121590 0.1354464 3.0430 0.0024375 **
fesisWisconsin.2014 0.4232335 0.1283305 3.2980 0.0010271 **
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.46832 1 0.4938
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 1.80904 1 0.1786
SE of regression 0.25719
R-squared 0.93984
Log-lik.(n=720) -7.42081 0.05
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.05; AR: 0
Date: Fri Apr 14 17:12:53 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 720
Sample: 1 to 720
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
lgdp -4.0670685 1.3672166 -2.9747 0.0030451 **
lpop 0.9015359 0.4176605 2.1585 0.0312637 *
lgdp_sq 0.1609889 0.0510791 3.1518 0.0017001 **
idCalifornia -0.2950943 0.6538329 -0.4513 0.6519074
idColorado -0.0438458 0.1843595 -0.2378 0.8120924
idConnecticut 1.0803007 0.2450980 4.4076 1.229e-05 ***
idDelaware 0.8309531 0.6336519 1.3114 0.1902108
idDistrictofColumbia -0.0030405 0.8090498 -0.0038 0.9970026
idFlorida -1.0904797 0.4132048 -2.6391 0.0085191 **
idGeorgia -0.1817180 0.3145487 -0.5777 0.5636665
idIdaho -1.4668302 0.5273294 -2.7816 0.0055709 **
idIllinois -0.6632726 0.3085226 -2.1498 0.0319489 *
idIndiana -1.0657417 0.1539310 -6.9235 1.090e-11 ***
idIowa -1.6981195 0.2872904 -5.9108 5.582e-09 ***
idKentucky -1.6744743 0.1899391 -8.8158 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.6569984 0.1612778 -4.0737 5.219e-05 ***
idMassachusetts 0.6984187 0.1890761 3.6938 0.0002401 ***
idMichigan -0.4964496 0.2824923 -1.7574 0.0793375 .
idMinnesota 0.2089104 0.1712320 1.2200 0.2229059
idMissouri -1.2698013 0.2755700 -4.6079 4.926e-06 ***
idNevada -0.0612290 0.3578550 -0.1711 0.8642001
idNewHampshire 0.6872540 0.5507523 1.2478 0.2125519
idNewJersey -0.3763743 0.2205215 -1.7067 0.0883627 .
idNewMexico -0.2524390 0.3749882 -0.6732 0.5010726
idNewYork -0.0023987 0.4668636 -0.0051 0.9959022
idNorthCarolina -0.4130006 0.2178929 -1.8954 0.0584937 .
idOhio -0.2694234 0.2727229 -0.9879 0.3235806
idOklahoma -1.1484415 0.2024263 -5.6734 2.137e-08 ***
idOregon 0.0253074 0.2557337 0.0990 0.9212016
idPennsylvania -0.3329793 0.2993175 -1.1125 0.2663647
idRhodeIsland -0.0729309 0.5666701 -0.1287 0.8976356
idSouthCarolina -0.6458726 0.1830730 -3.5280 0.0004493 ***
idTennessee -1.5748343 0.1696899 -9.2807 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas -1.0793600 0.5126449 -2.1055 0.0356460 *
idUtah -0.6225790 0.2849743 -2.1847 0.0292803 *
idVirginia -0.9581475 0.2099307 -4.5641 6.034e-06 ***
idWashington -0.2182943 0.1751940 -1.2460 0.2132229
idWisconsin -0.4261648 0.1532956 -2.7800 0.0055981 **
time2000 20.5734274 8.7882247 2.3410 0.0195424 *
time2001 20.6653286 8.7887191 2.3513 0.0190132 *
time2002 20.8079442 8.7896904 2.3673 0.0182195 *
time2003 20.7974445 8.7917139 2.3656 0.0183045 *
time2004 20.8923390 8.7959003 2.3752 0.0178365 *
time2005 21.0786411 8.7999500 2.3953 0.0168976 *
time2006 21.2419259 8.8025368 2.4132 0.0160998 *
time2007 21.3165565 8.8037554 2.4213 0.0157469 *
time2008 21.4183729 8.8035985 2.4329 0.0152556 *
time2009 21.5791250 8.8010043 2.4519 0.0144814 *
time2010 21.6021041 8.8030785 2.4539 0.0144006 *
time2011 21.5854446 8.8044921 2.4516 0.0144916 *
time2012 21.5174161 8.8052555 2.4437 0.0148112 *
time2013 21.4731719 8.8059923 2.4385 0.0150251 *
time2014 21.1608650 8.8083165 2.4024 0.0165779 *
time2015 21.2195530 8.8103797 2.4085 0.0163060 *
time2016 21.0918322 8.8114269 2.3937 0.0169718 *
time2017 21.0651176 8.8120851 2.3905 0.0171195 *
time2018 21.0879623 8.8141462 2.3925 0.0170259 *
time2019 20.9588718 8.8144438 2.3778 0.0177147 *
fesisArizona.2003 -0.4115886 0.1547931 -2.6590 0.0080377 **
fesisColorado.2007 0.3196914 0.1145553 2.7907 0.0054186 **
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.5425637 0.1104843 -4.9108 1.158e-06 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.7468154 0.1226572 -6.0886 1.982e-09 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2004 -0.9488029 0.2676083 -3.5455 0.0004210 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2005 1.0002925 0.2756583 3.6287 0.0003079 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -1.4004381 0.2758794 -5.0763 5.076e-07 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2009 0.7716426 0.2756276 2.7996 0.0052739 **
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.8880995 0.1655711 5.3639 1.146e-07 ***
fesisGeorgia.2001 -0.8235238 0.2474522 -3.3280 0.0009257 ***
fesisIdaho.2002 0.5140559 0.1856594 2.7688 0.0057919 **
fesisIowa.2002 1.1470336 0.2924211 3.9225 9.726e-05 ***
fesisIowa.2003 -0.7183689 0.2488454 -2.8868 0.0040253 **
fesisKentucky.2006 -1.0664338 0.2579839 -4.1337 4.053e-05 ***
fesisKentucky.2007 1.1744595 0.2479335 4.7370 2.683e-06 ***
fesisMichigan.2003 0.4296074 0.1555214 2.7624 0.0059061 **
fesisMinnesota.2009 -0.3002329 0.1079678 -2.7808 0.0055855 **
fesisMissouri.2001 -0.9939329 0.3375108 -2.9449 0.0033500 **
fesisMissouri.2002 1.0165275 0.2462023 4.1288 4.138e-05 ***
fesisNevada.2003 -0.3691259 0.1709820 -2.1589 0.0312386 *
fesisNevada.2010 -0.5215168 0.1269846 -4.1069 4.539e-05 ***
fesisNewHampshire.2001 -0.8306757 0.2478415 -3.3516 0.0008515 ***
fesisNewHampshire.2019 0.7107513 0.2467479 2.8805 0.0041060 **
fesisNewYork.2005 -0.4459356 0.1285940 -3.4678 0.0005606 ***
fesisOregon.2002 0.6975656 0.2388910 2.9200 0.0036254 **
fesisOregon.2004 -1.0124471 0.1808712 -5.5976 3.248e-08 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2005 -0.5799683 0.1292631 -4.4867 8.600e-06 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.6801502 0.1185010 5.7396 1.476e-08 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2017 0.4876720 0.1596794 3.0541 0.0023530 **
fesisTennessee.2006 0.4589046 0.1173761 3.9097 0.0001025 ***
fesisUtah.2019 -0.8327466 0.2504976 -3.3244 0.0009377 ***
fesisVirginia.2005 0.4117253 0.1242639 3.3133 0.0009749 ***
fesisWisconsin.2014 0.4480160 0.1176303 3.8087 0.0001534 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 1.7866 1 0.1813
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 2.2754 1 0.1314
SE of regression 0.23520
R-squared 0.95109
Log-lik.(n=720) 65.93781 AR 1
0.01
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.01; AR: 1
Date: Fri Apr 14 17:12:43 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 684
Sample: 1 to 684
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
ar1 0.075700 0.036420 2.0785 0.0380764 *
lgdp 49.848353 31.314437 1.5919 0.1119314
lpop -52.690510 34.297512 -1.5363 0.1249870
lgdp_sq -1.001746 0.576897 -1.7364 0.0829895 .
idCalifornia 2.106191 0.116395 18.0951 < 2.2e-16 ***
idColorado 0.307268 0.082988 3.7026 0.0002327 ***
idConnecticut 0.894440 0.113195 7.9018 1.283e-14 ***
idDelaware -0.137883 0.091574 -1.5057 0.1326571
idDistrictofColumbia -1.503462 0.128497 -11.7004 < 2.2e-16 ***
idFlorida 0.388318 0.083523 4.6492 4.084e-06 ***
idGeorgia -0.232690 0.082519 -2.8198 0.0049606 **
idIdaho -1.358730 0.097925 -13.8752 < 2.2e-16 ***
idIllinois 0.384334 0.083694 4.5921 5.328e-06 ***
idIndiana -0.623238 0.085865 -7.2583 1.194e-12 ***
idIowa -1.910887 0.270042 -7.0762 4.069e-12 ***
idKentucky -1.516937 0.140301 -10.8120 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.353164 0.083275 -4.2409 2.570e-05 ***
idMassachusetts 1.020802 0.091800 11.1198 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMichigan 0.624921 0.085854 7.2789 1.038e-12 ***
idMinnesota 0.229252 0.082717 2.7715 0.0057491 **
idMissouri -1.856469 0.265769 -6.9853 7.438e-12 ***
idNevada -0.722901 0.099786 -7.2445 1.311e-12 ***
idNewHampshire -0.738585 0.086814 -8.5077 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNewJersey 0.280800 0.083125 3.3781 0.0007763 ***
idNewMexico -0.630001 0.085526 -7.3662 5.705e-13 ***
idNewYork 1.241134 0.096197 12.9020 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNorthCarolina 0.294166 0.082970 3.5455 0.0004219 ***
idOhio 0.620907 0.085997 7.2201 1.547e-12 ***
idOklahoma -1.089948 0.092784 -11.7472 < 2.2e-16 ***
idOregon 0.411975 0.159579 2.5816 0.0100649 *
idPennsylvania 0.685735 0.086561 7.9220 1.107e-14 ***
idRhodeIsland -0.499856 0.161606 -3.0930 0.0020714 **
idSouthCarolina -0.500693 0.114307 -4.3802 1.395e-05 ***
idTennessee -0.791539 0.088573 -8.9365 < 2.2e-16 ***
idTexas 0.793618 0.088064 9.0119 < 2.2e-16 ***
idUtah -0.824534 0.089359 -9.2272 < 2.2e-16 ***
idVirginia -0.968255 0.263728 -3.6714 0.0002623 ***
idWashington 0.189667 0.082582 2.2967 0.0219715 *
idWisconsin -0.022499 0.082183 -0.2738 0.7843591
time2001 -6.981961 3.920703 -1.7808 0.0754422 .
time2002 -6.493988 3.726267 -1.7428 0.0818779 .
time2003 -6.900565 4.015131 -1.7186 0.0861857 .
time2004 -6.543478 3.874223 -1.6890 0.0917329 .
time2005 -6.399776 3.967518 -1.6130 0.1072507
time2006 -5.639682 3.618904 -1.5584 0.1196566
time2007 -5.161083 3.387941 -1.5234 0.1281831
time2008 -3.901227 2.625066 -1.4861 0.1377559
time2009 -1.075011 0.828429 -1.2977 0.1948962
time2010 -0.812682 0.671421 -1.2104 0.2265963
time2011 -0.831346 0.689460 -1.2058 0.2283635
time2012 -0.693885 0.588631 -1.1788 0.2389309
time2013 -0.282426 0.317060 -0.8908 0.3734045
time2014 -0.113594 0.120897 -0.9396 0.3477962
time2015 0.255619 0.195825 1.3053 0.1922648
time2016 0.239834 0.226188 1.0603 0.2894128
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.572262 0.121310 -4.7173 2.963e-06 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.733884 0.129154 -5.6822 2.058e-08 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -1.370056 0.275393 -4.9749 8.493e-07 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2009 0.909637 0.300904 3.0230 0.0026074 **
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.808330 0.179293 4.5084 7.828e-06 ***
fesisIowa.2002 1.371718 0.363688 3.7717 0.0001779 ***
fesisIowa.2003 -0.854775 0.265239 -3.2227 0.0013375 **
fesisKentucky.2006 -1.023694 0.281484 -3.6368 0.0002993 ***
fesisKentucky.2007 1.139477 0.266666 4.2731 2.236e-05 ***
fesisMissouri.2002 0.983073 0.264296 3.7196 0.0002179 ***
fesisNevada.2012 -0.573730 0.125755 -4.5623 6.116e-06 ***
fesisNevada.2019 0.730446 0.275923 2.6473 0.0083230 **
fesisOregon.2004 -0.728825 0.163249 -4.4645 9.557e-06 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2004 -0.795085 0.162956 -4.8791 1.361e-06 ***
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.760430 0.125077 6.0797 2.120e-09 ***
fesisUtah.2019 -0.864394 0.264086 -3.2732 0.0011234 **
fesisVirginia.2002 0.965905 0.264420 3.6529 0.0002815 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.0031304 1 0.9554
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 0.9799702 1 0.3222
SE of regression 0.25329
R-squared 0.94116
Log-lik.(n=684) 4.72525 0.05
us_q30
Formula: log_patent_count ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq
us_q30 (2000:2020); p.value: 0.05; AR: 1
Date: Fri Apr 14 17:12:38 2023
Dependent var.: y
Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Variance-Covariance: Ordinary
No. of observations (mean eq.): 684
Sample: 1 to 684
SPECIFIC mean equation:
coef std.error t-stat p-value
ar1 0.065851 0.034664 1.8997 0.0579529 .
lgdp 52.504122 29.536756 1.7776 0.0759826 .
lpop -55.247558 32.345410 -1.7080 0.0881488 .
lgdp_sq -1.069667 0.544487 -1.9645 0.0499322 *
idCalifornia 2.128482 0.109276 19.4780 < 2.2e-16 ***
idColorado 0.310395 0.076859 4.0385 6.084e-05 ***
idConnecticut 0.911919 0.105260 8.6635 < 2.2e-16 ***
idDelaware -0.138543 0.084781 -1.6341 0.1027631
idDistrictofColumbia -1.335469 0.156713 -8.5218 < 2.2e-16 ***
idFlorida 0.392355 0.077383 5.0703 5.313e-07 ***
idGeorgia -0.234716 0.076401 -3.0721 0.0022224 **
idIdaho -2.106786 0.250451 -8.4120 2.998e-16 ***
idIllinois 0.388622 0.077550 5.0112 7.142e-07 ***
idIndiana -0.629970 0.079672 -7.9071 1.286e-14 ***
idIowa -1.920877 0.250869 -7.6569 7.744e-14 ***
idKentucky -1.526672 0.130422 -11.7056 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMaryland -0.356807 0.077141 -4.6254 4.590e-06 ***
idMassachusetts 1.031866 0.085456 12.0749 < 2.2e-16 ***
idMichigan 0.631642 0.079661 7.9292 1.095e-14 ***
idMinnesota 0.487271 0.111919 4.3538 1.575e-05 ***
idMissouri -1.859830 0.246668 -7.5398 1.766e-13 ***
idNevada -0.729521 0.092524 -7.8847 1.513e-14 ***
idNewHampshire -0.685048 0.101865 -6.7251 4.125e-11 ***
idNewJersey 0.284182 0.076994 3.6910 0.0002439 ***
idNewMexico -0.475943 0.100891 -4.7174 2.980e-06 ***
idNewYork 1.254657 0.089730 13.9826 < 2.2e-16 ***
idNorthCarolina 0.297258 0.076842 3.8684 0.0001216 ***
idOhio 0.627759 0.079800 7.8667 1.724e-14 ***
idOklahoma -1.101597 0.086413 -12.7481 < 2.2e-16 ***
idOregon -0.128766 0.244476 -0.5267 0.5985979
idPennsylvania 0.693090 0.080351 8.6258 < 2.2e-16 ***
idRhodeIsland -0.496526 0.149846 -3.3136 0.0009771 ***
idSouthCarolina 0.075474 0.245138 0.3079 0.7582777
idTennessee -0.594157 0.250932 -2.3678 0.0182128 *
idTexas 0.802178 0.081816 9.8046 < 2.2e-16 ***
idUtah -0.833634 0.083013 -10.0422 < 2.2e-16 ***
idVirginia -0.965096 0.244643 -3.9449 8.935e-05 ***
idWashington 0.191870 0.076462 2.5093 0.0123599 *
idWisconsin -0.022725 0.076072 -0.2987 0.7652483
time2001 -7.410358 3.699280 -2.0032 0.0456100 *
time2002 -6.904900 3.515698 -1.9640 0.0499930 *
time2003 -7.313020 3.787849 -1.9307 0.0540009 .
time2004 -6.895341 3.654712 -1.8867 0.0596875 .
time2005 -6.780010 3.742355 -1.8117 0.0705372 .
time2006 -5.978710 3.413408 -1.7515 0.0803687 .
time2007 -5.460298 3.195472 -1.7088 0.0880167 .
time2008 -4.144120 2.476068 -1.6737 0.0947211 .
time2009 -1.169471 0.782310 -1.4949 0.1354718
time2010 -0.907668 0.634154 -1.4313 0.1528680
time2011 -0.921113 0.651015 -1.4149 0.1576243
time2012 -0.786677 0.555935 -1.4151 0.1575764
time2013 -0.352102 0.299796 -1.1745 0.2406767
time2014 -0.157919 0.114313 -1.3815 0.1676537
time2015 0.226735 0.184258 1.2305 0.2189832
time2016 0.224411 0.212892 1.0541 0.2922608
fesisConnecticut.2009 -0.591330 0.112689 -5.2474 2.148e-07 ***
fesisDelaware.2014 -0.742589 0.119847 -6.1962 1.081e-09 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2004 -1.080934 0.274773 -3.9339 9.343e-05 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2005 1.028975 0.275271 3.7380 0.0002034 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2008 -1.490053 0.275982 -5.3991 9.690e-08 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2009 0.869086 0.278915 3.1159 0.0019219 **
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2012 0.852442 0.177970 4.7898 2.110e-06 ***
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2017 -0.651138 0.261122 -2.4936 0.0129155 *
fesisDistrictofColumbia.2018 0.923318 0.291793 3.1643 0.0016339 **
fesisIdaho.2002 0.774413 0.245233 3.1579 0.0016698 **
fesisIowa.2002 1.375705 0.337043 4.0817 5.082e-05 ***
fesisIowa.2003 -0.863987 0.245638 -3.5173 0.0004692 ***
fesisKentucky.2006 -1.010831 0.260626 -3.8785 0.0001168 ***
fesisKentucky.2007 1.116926 0.246920 4.5234 7.347e-06 ***
fesisMinnesota.2007 -0.373379 0.118200 -3.1589 0.0016641 **
fesisMissouri.2002 0.976518 0.245199 3.9826 7.662e-05 ***
fesisNevada.2012 -0.488083 0.122549 -3.9827 7.656e-05 ***
fesisNevada.2018 -0.648456 0.257116 -2.5220 0.0119276 *
fesisNevada.2019 1.287850 0.338207 3.8079 0.0001547 ***
fesisNewHampshire.2009 -0.731517 0.252412 -2.8981 0.0038925 **
fesisNewHampshire.2010 0.626435 0.250925 2.4965 0.0128118 *
fesisNewHampshire.2019 0.621320 0.251106 2.4743 0.0136264 *
fesisNewMexico.2009 -0.614295 0.161813 -3.7963 0.0001619 ***
fesisNewMexico.2012 0.463549 0.161168 2.8762 0.0041694 **
fesisOregon.2002 0.831848 0.292005 2.8487 0.0045410 **
fesisOregon.2004 -1.024623 0.180206 -5.6859 2.041e-08 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2004 -0.771942 0.151936 -5.0807 5.041e-07 ***
fesisRhodeIsland.2019 -0.655970 0.246001 -2.6665 0.0078723 **
fesisSouthCarolina.2002 -0.668712 0.257588 -2.5961 0.0096630 **
fesisSouthCarolina.2008 0.850332 0.121568 6.9947 7.176e-12 ***
fesisTennessee.2002 -0.661249 0.275847 -2.3972 0.0168301 *
fesisTennessee.2005 0.532163 0.151098 3.5220 0.0004612 ***
fesisUtah.2019 -0.856378 0.244734 -3.4992 0.0005015 ***
fesisVirginia.2002 0.961819 0.245333 3.9205 9.866e-05 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Diagnostics and fit:
Chi-sq df p-value
Ljung-Box AR(1) 0.030135 1 0.8622
Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 0.125104 1 0.7236
SE of regression 0.23446
R-squared 0.95098
Log-lik.(n=684) 66.07692 Different visualization & positive breaks I
- Tried a different visualization function for better comparison
- Selected only countries with at least one positive break
AR(0)
0.01
AR(1)
0.01
0.05
Different visualization & positive breaks II
AR(0)
0.01
AR(1)
0.01
0.05
Scatterplots
Insights about specific states
