응답 집계

Counts
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24 Q25
12 16 687 8 19 91 843 62 91 26 806 37 18 35 32 757 219 31 829 51 46 53 821 76 47
6 20 72 16 791 76 29 62 503 798 49 277 810 47 101 69 69 816 29 76 738 148 37 57 731
899 58 52 881 91 190 34 98 312 55 37 588 49 54 678 61 64 44 39 741 51 63 43 752 103
2 825 108 14 18 562 13 697 13 40 27 17 42 783 108 32 567 28 22 51 84 655 18 34 38
%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24 Q25
1 2 75 1 2 10 92 7 10 3 88 4 2 4 3 82 24 3 90 6 5 6 89 8 5
1 2 8 2 86 8 3 7 55 87 5 30 88 5 11 8 8 89 3 8 80 16 4 6 80
98 6 6 96 10 21 4 11 34 6 4 64 5 6 74 7 7 5 4 81 6 7 5 82 11
0 90 12 2 2 61 1 76 1 4 3 2 5 85 12 3 62 3 2 6 9 71 2 4 4

막대그래프

막대그래프로 답안 분포를 시각적으로 살핀다. 차후 나오는 정답률과 함께 어느 문항에서 어느 답안을 많이 고르는지 파악하는 데 활용한다.

barplot

## quartz_off_screen 
##                 3

ggplot

문해력 점수 계산

정답과 대조하여 R(Right)/W(Wrong) 표시

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24 Q25
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R W R R R R R R R R
R R R R R W R R W R R W R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R W R
R R R R W W R R W R R W R R R R W R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R W R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R W R R R R R R R R R R R R R W R R R R R R R R

학생별 점수 산출

96, 88, 96, 80, 96, 92, 92, 24, 96, 84, 100, 92, 72, 80, 84, 92, 84, 24, 100, 48, 80, 88, 96, 96, 84, 80, 96, 96, 92, 76, 80, 80, 100, 72, 80, 80, 88, 88, 96, 80, 100, 96, 68, 64, 84, 88, 88, 80, 92, 88, 52, 92, 84, 48, 68, 88, 96, 92, 92, 96, 88, 72, 88, 80, 80, 88, 92, 84, 100, 84, 100, 92, 80, 84, 84, 88, 88, 84, 36, 96, 92, 76, 28, 72, 100, 76, 64, 96, 92, 84, 76, 88, 64, 68, 84, 88, 84, 88, 88, 96, 92, 64, 88, 76, 60, 92, 88, 92, 80, 84, 92, 80, 96, 32, 92, 96, 64, 80, 76, 76, 100, 88, 92, 84, 88, 96, 92, 80, 92, 88, 96, 92, 80, 80, 84, 88, 88, 92, 92, 80, 96, 76, 68, 100, 92, 96, 64, 92, 68, 92, 96, 88, 96, 92, 88, 84, 92, 32, 96, 92, 88, 92, 88, 88, 84, 20, 88, 52, 96, 60, 96, 84, 92, 100, 96, 80, 92, 92, 68, 84, 88, 16, 84, 84, 84, 80, 84, 76, 88, 92, 100, 80, 84, 52, 68, 92, 96, 64, 88, 84, 40, 92, 100, 92, 36, 88, 96, 76, 96, 88, 80, 92, 88, 92, 92, 32, 92, 76, 56, 80, 88, 84, 80, 88, 96, 92, 84, 80, 88, 84, 92, 96, 24, 36, 84, 80, 80, 84, 76, 92, 76, 88, 88, 100, 96, 92, 96, 68, 68, 92, 92, 80, 92, 64, 84, 92, 96, 52, 96, 80, 68, 76, 96, 24, 96, 96, 84, 88, 88, 60, 76, 88, 100, 48, 88, 60, 92, 72, 76, 76, 96, 72, 80, 92, 68, 88, 100, 100, 92, 92, 92, 80, 92, 76, 72, 96, 88, 84, 84, 92, 88, 92, 92, 80, 92, 96, 80, 96, 68, 92, 88, 92, 92, 96, 88, 80, 56, 88, 88, 80, 88, 92, 96, 32, 88, 68, 88, 36, 100, 88, 96, 76, 100, 84, 68, 36, 84, 80, 92, 96, 92, 92, 80, 100, 48, 92, 96, 64, 36, 96, 56, 84, 92, 60, 88, 56, 76, 92, 32, 76, 92, 84, 72, 96, 56, 100, 92, 88, 96, 88, 72, 84, 88, 88, 96, 80, 96, 76, 92, 80, 84, 88, 68, 80, 76, 48, 92, 92, 88, 80, 72, 88, 92, 92, 88, 100, 88, 76, 96, 88, 96, 84, 96, 36, 92, 52, 84, 96, 76, 76, 92, 96, 92, 96, 72, 52, 96, 84, 96, 100, 96, 84, 68, 40, 96, 100, 80, 96, 92, 68, 36, 100, 88, 88, 76, 64, 80, 92, 92, 72, 96, 88, 92, 92, 88, 72, 76, 92, 88, 92, 40, 88, 92, 96, 100, 12, 96, 28, 92, 88, 96, 100, 84, 92, 68, 96, 52, 100, 92, 92, 80, 88, 76, 76, 80, 84, 92, 44, 84, 88, 96, 80, 60, 96, 96, 92, 100, 32, 16, 96, 92, 84, 88, 100, 88, 88, 76, 92, 92, 92, 68, 96, 48, 80, 44, 96, 96, 92, 72, 80, 84, 100, 84, 100, 96, 92, 52, 40, 100, 84, 88, 84, 84, 100, 40, 64, 84, 88, 96, 92, 100, 24, 36, 80, 96, 52, 64, 88, 72, 92, 60, 68, 100, 96, 72, 84, 96, 88, 88, 92, 28, 96, 100, 60, 92, 88, 84, 76, 96, 100, 100, 24, 80, 68, 48, 96, 88, 84, 96, 100, 92, 96, 84, 84, 92, 72, 92, 72, 60, 92, 88, 32, 96, 88, 76, 72, 88, 96, 80, 96, 84, 92, 88, 84, 92, 88, 88, 92, 92, 84, 96, 84, 36, 92, 84, 96, 96, 88, 92, 88, 68, 24, 84, 76, 92, 88, 72, 80, 100, 84, 80, 96, 36, 84, 76, 100, 76, 88, 88, 96, 88, 36, 88, 72, 92, 88, 76, 96, 92, 88, 68, 92, 92, 24, 84, 76, 88, 64, 88, 88, 92, 84, 96, 64, 76, 96, 96, 96, 84, 92, 92, 64, 92, 68, 80, 80, 36, 96, 28, 100, 80, 76, 12, 84, 84, 76, 84, 92, 92, 88, 88, 88, 28, 56, 100, 84, 88, 100, 36, 92, 52, 92, 76, 16, 88, 44, 96, 84, 80, 76, 100, 28, 92, 92, 88, 72, 84, 92, 76, 64, 96, 80, 76, 80, 100, 96, 88, 72, 96, 92, 92, 40, 88, 100, 96, 24, 96, 80, 88, 72, 84, 20, 80, 80, 80, 12, 88, 88, 20, 96, 92, 92, 100, 80, 80, 24, 84, 72, 80, 92, 84, 96, 80, 84, 100, 48, 84, 72, 88, 80, 96, 92, 92, 88, 100, 72, 72, 96, 36, 76, 60, 28, 68, 92, 20, 88, 88, 76, 52, 92, 88, 92, 88, 28, 92, 96, 68, 64, 80, 48, 68, 12, 60, 32, 96, 92, 96, 40, 76, 80, 96, 60, 76, 76, 60, 96, 96, 88, 64, 80, 68, 60, 56, 100, 76, 88, 88, 44, 92, 92, 36, 96, 44, 44, 100, 80, 96, 88, 92, 100, 36, 80, 64, 96, 88, 88, 72, 52, 96, 96, 72, 80, 84, 88, 92, 80, 92, 96, 100, 88, 20, 32, 96, 96, 96, 88, 92, 72, 76, 52, 96, 72, 92, 60, 40, 52, 88, 84, 68, 96, 44, 68, 88, 92, 88, 100, 72, 76, 92, 96, 68, 68, 92, 84, 76, 96, 88, 80, 40, 32, 68, 44, 88, 84, 72, 28, 68, 80, 28, 92, 88, 28, 36, 28, 84, 48, 92, 88, 28, 56, 64, 92, 68, 56, 56, 96, 20, 56 and 24

Red and Black 비교

  • Red:

    Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
    12 72 88 80.1 92 100
  • Black:

    Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
    12 76 88 79.8 92 100
## 
##   The decimal point is 1 digit(s) to the right of the |
## 
##    1 | 2222666
##    2 | 000000444444444448888888888888
##    3 | 2222222222666666666666666666
##    4 | 000000000444444448888888888
##    5 | 2222222222222266666666666
##    6 | 00000000000000044444444444444444444888888888888888888888888888888888
##    7 | 22222222222222222222222222222222226666666666666666666666666666666666+8
##    8 | 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000+224
##    9 | 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222+205
##   10 | 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  • Red
score %>%
  `[`(literacy$group == "Red") %>%
  stem(scale = 0.5)
## 
##   The decimal point is 1 digit(s) to the right of the |
## 
##    1 | 22666
##    2 | 00444448888
##    3 | 2222266666666
##    4 | 00004444448888
##    5 | 22222222666666
##    6 | 000000000444444444444888888888888888888888888
##    7 | 22222222222222222226666666666666666666666
##    8 | 00000000000000000000000000000004444444444444444444444444444444444444+72
##    9 | 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222+58
##   10 | 0000000000000000000000000000000000
  • Black
score %>%
  `[`(literacy$group == "Black") %>%
  stem(scale = 0.5)
## 
##   The decimal point is 1 digit(s) to the right of the |
## 
##    1 | 22
##    2 | 0000444444888888888
##    3 | 222226666666666
##    4 | 0000044888888
##    5 | 22222266666
##    6 | 0000004444444488888888888
##    7 | 22222222222222266666666666666666666666666666666
##    8 | 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000044444444444444444444+72
##    9 | 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222+67
##   10 | 000000000000000000000

Box Plots

QQ plot

ECDF plot

t test

Red 와 Black으로부터 관찰된 점수들의 평균에 대하여 t test를 적용하였더니 통계적으로 매우매우 유의한 차이가 관찰되었습니다. 뜻밖이지만 이런 일도 관찰될 수 있습니다. 매우 드문 확률의 사건이 발생한 것입니다.

Welch Two Sample t-test: score by .$group
Test statistic df P value Alternative hypothesis mean in group Red mean in group Black
0.2964 913.7 0.767 two.sided 80.13 79.75

문해력 등급 판정

카이제곱테스트로 Red와 Black에 들어간 등급별 인원수가 얼마나 닮았는지를 살펴보았지만 t-test에서와 마찬가지로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었습니다.

문해력 등급 분포
I II III IV
24 68 129 698 919
문해력 등급 분포(%)
I II III IV
2.61 7.4 14.04 75.95 100
그룹별 문해력 등급 분포
I II III IV
Red 12 31 78 346 467
Black 12 37 51 352 452
24 68 129 698 919
Pearson’s Chi-squared test with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates): .
Test statistic df P value
5.982 NA 0.05547

문항 유형별 점수 분석

유형별 정답률

유형 정답률(%)
문1 사실적 97.8
문2 사실적 89.8
문3 비판적 74.8
문4 사실적 95.9
문5 추론적 86.1
문6 추론적 61.2
문7 추론적 91.7
문8 사실적 75.8
문9 추론적 33.9
문10 추론적 86.8
문11 사실적 87.7
문12 사실적 64.0
문13 사실적 88.1
문14 추론적 85.2
문15 사실적 73.8
문16 사실적 82.4
문17 추론적 61.7
문18 비판적 88.8
문19 사실적 90.2
문20 사실적 80.6
문21 사실적 80.3
문22 비판적 71.3
문23 추론적 89.3
문24 사실적 81.8
문25 추론적 79.5

어려운 문제?

정답률 80% 이하

문3 문6 문8 문9 문12 문15 문17 문22 문25
정답률 74.8 61.2 75.8 33.9 64 73.8 61.7 71.3 79.5

정답률 70% 이하

문6 문9 문12 문17
정답률 61.2 33.9 64 61.7

정답률 60% 이하

문9
정답률 33.9

정답률 50% 이하

문9
정답률 33.9

정답률이 낮은 문제들

문6.

문9.

문12.

문15.

문17.

문22.