Xinjie Chen 3-30-23

---
title: "Lab2 - Climate Changes"

output:
    flexdashboard::flex_dashboard:
      vertical_layout: fill
      source_code: embed

---


```{r setup, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
if (!require("flexdashboard")) {
install.packages("flexdashboard")
library(flexdashboard)
}
if (!require("dygraphs")) {
install.packages("dygraphs")
library(dygraphs)
}
if (!require("plotly")) {
install.packages("plotly")
library(plotly)
}
if (!require("ggplot2")) {
install.packages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
}


#knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE, source_code = TRUE)
```


```{r}

#https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature
global_temp<-read.csv(file="global_temp.csv",skip=4,header=T)


# cd_url = "https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt"
global_cd <-read.csv(file="co2_annmean_mlo.csv",skip=59,header=T)


#https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-annual-greenhouse-gas-index
global_aggi <-read.csv(file="AGGI_Table.csv",skip=2,header=T)

# https://wgms.ch/global-glacier-state/
# https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-mountain-glaciers
global_glacier <-read.csv(file="mb_ref.csv",header=T)

```

Xinjie Chen 3-30-23

**Global Temperature** 
==================

Column
-------------------------------------
```{r}
ggplot(global_temp, aes(x = Year, y = Value)) + 
       geom_col()+
       labs(x = 'Years', y = 'Difference from 1901-2000 Average(degress) ', title = 'Global Average Surface Tempearture ')
```

Column
-------------------------------------

- Earth's temperature has risen by an average of 0.14 degrees Fahrenheit per decade, for a total of about 2 degrees Fahrenheit Since 1880.

- Global warming has been more than twice as fast: 0.32 degrees Fahrenheit per decade Since 1981.

- 2022 was the sixth hottest year on record and The 10 hottest years on record have all occurred since 2010.


**Carbon Dioxide**
==================

Column
-------------------------------------
```{r}
ggplot(global_cd, aes(x = year, y = mean)) + 
       geom_line()
```


Column
-------------------------------------

Each year, human activities release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than natural processes can remove, causing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to increase.

The global average carbon dioxide set a new record high in 2021: 414.72 parts per million.

The annual rate of increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 60 years is about 100 times faster than previous natural increases.

**Greenhouse Gas**
====================================

Column
-------------------------------------
```{r}
ggplot(global_aggi, aes(x = Year, y = X1990...1)) + 
       geom_line()+
       labs(x = 'Years', y = 'Annual greenhouse gas index(AGGI)', title = 'Annual Greenhouse Gas Index')
```


Column
-------------------------------------


- In 2021, the AGGI hit 1.49, indicating a 49 percent increase in the warming influence of greenhouse compared to 1990.

- Beginning with the Industrial Revolution in 1750, it took more than 200 years for the AGGI to go from 0 to 1, but only another 30 years for it to hit nearly 1.5.

- The AGGI combines the warming influence of the main human-produced greenhouse gases and compares them to conditions in 1990.



 **Ice Sheets**
==================


Column
-------------------------------------

```{r}
ggplot(global_glacier, aes(x = Year, y = REF_regionAVG_cum.rel.1970)) + 
       geom_line()+
       labs(x = 'Years', y = 'Gumulate glacier mass balance(meters of water)', title = 'Glacier Mass balance(Yearly)')
```


Column
-------------------------------------
- Worldwide, most glaciers are shrinking or disappearing altogether.

- Relative to 1970, the climate reference glaciers have lost a volume of ice equivalent to nearly 25 meters of liquid water.

- Melting glaciers and ice sheets are the biggest cause of sea level rise in recent decades.