## 'data.frame': 131302 obs. of 14 variables:
## $ PeopleInHousehold : int 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 ...
## $ Region : Factor w/ 4 levels "Midwest","Northeast",..: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
## $ State : Factor w/ 51 levels "Alabama","Alaska",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ MetroAreaCode : int 26620 13820 13820 13820 26620 26620 26620 33660 33660 26620 ...
## $ Age : int 85 21 37 18 52 24 26 71 43 52 ...
## $ Married : Factor w/ 5 levels "Divorced","Married",..: 5 3 3 3 5 3 3 1 1 3 ...
## $ Sex : Factor w/ 2 levels "Female","Male": 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 ...
## $ Education : Factor w/ 8 levels "Associate degree",..: 1 4 4 6 1 2 4 4 4 2 ...
## $ Race : Factor w/ 6 levels "American Indian",..: 6 3 3 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 ...
## $ Hispanic : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ CountryOfBirthCode: int 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 ...
## $ Citizenship : Factor w/ 3 levels "Citizen, Native",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ EmploymentStatus : Factor w/ 5 levels "Disabled","Employed",..: 4 5 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 ...
## $ Industry : Factor w/ 14 levels "Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting",..: NA 11 NA NA 11 4 14 4 NA 12 ...
summary(CPS)
## PeopleInHousehold Region State MetroAreaCode
## Min. : 1.000 Midwest :30684 California :11570 Min. :10420
## 1st Qu.: 2.000 Northeast:25939 Texas : 7077 1st Qu.:21780
## Median : 3.000 South :41502 New York : 5595 Median :34740
## Mean : 3.284 West :33177 Florida : 5149 Mean :35075
## 3rd Qu.: 4.000 Pennsylvania: 3930 3rd Qu.:41860
## Max. :15.000 Illinois : 3912 Max. :79600
## (Other) :94069 NA's :34238
## Age Married Sex
## Min. : 0.00 Divorced :11151 Female:67481
## 1st Qu.:19.00 Married :55509 Male :63821
## Median :39.00 Never Married:30772
## Mean :38.83 Separated : 2027
## 3rd Qu.:57.00 Widowed : 6505
## Max. :85.00 NA's :25338
##
## Education Race
## High school :30906 American Indian : 1433
## Bachelor's degree :19443 Asian : 6520
## Some college, no degree:18863 Black : 13913
## No high school diploma :16095 Multiracial : 2897
## Associate degree : 9913 Pacific Islander: 618
## (Other) :10744 White :105921
## NA's :25338
## Hispanic CountryOfBirthCode Citizenship
## Min. :0.0000 Min. : 57.00 Citizen, Native :116639
## 1st Qu.:0.0000 1st Qu.: 57.00 Citizen, Naturalized: 7073
## Median :0.0000 Median : 57.00 Non-Citizen : 7590
## Mean :0.1393 Mean : 82.68
## 3rd Qu.:0.0000 3rd Qu.: 57.00
## Max. :1.0000 Max. :555.00
##
## EmploymentStatus Industry
## Disabled : 5712 Educational and health services :15017
## Employed :61733 Trade : 8933
## Not in Labor Force:15246 Professional and business services: 7519
## Retired :18619 Manufacturing : 6791
## Unemployed : 4203 Leisure and hospitality : 6364
## NA's :25789 (Other) :21618
## NA's :65060
table(CPS$Industry)
##
## Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting
## 1307
## Armed forces
## 29
## Construction
## 4387
## Educational and health services
## 15017
## Financial
## 4347
## Information
## 1328
## Leisure and hospitality
## 6364
## Manufacturing
## 6791
## Mining
## 550
## Other services
## 3224
## Professional and business services
## 7519
## Public administration
## 3186
## Trade
## 8933
## Transportation and utilities
## 3260
sort(table(CPS$State))
##
## New Mexico Montana Mississippi
## 1102 1214 1230
## Alabama West Virginia Arkansas
## 1376 1409 1421
## Louisiana Idaho Oklahoma
## 1450 1518 1523
## Arizona Alaska Wyoming
## 1528 1590 1624
## North Dakota South Carolina Tennessee
## 1645 1658 1784
## District of Columbia Kentucky Utah
## 1791 1841 1842
## Nevada Vermont Kansas
## 1856 1890 1935
## Oregon Nebraska Massachusetts
## 1943 1949 1987
## South Dakota Indiana Hawaii
## 2000 2004 2099
## Missouri Rhode Island Delaware
## 2145 2209 2214
## Maine Washington Iowa
## 2263 2366 2528
## New Jersey North Carolina New Hampshire
## 2567 2619 2662
## Wisconsin Georgia Connecticut
## 2686 2807 2836
## Colorado Virginia Michigan
## 2925 2953 3063
## Minnesota Maryland Ohio
## 3139 3200 3678
## Illinois Pennsylvania Florida
## 3912 3930 5149
## New York Texas California
## 5595 7077 11570
table(CPS$Citizenship)
##
## Citizen, Native Citizen, Naturalized Non-Citizen
## 116639 7073 7590
table(CPS$Race, CPS$Hispanic)
##
## 0 1
## American Indian 1129 304
## Asian 6407 113
## Black 13292 621
## Multiracial 2449 448
## Pacific Islander 541 77
## White 89190 16731
table(CPS$State, is.na(CPS$MetroAreaCode))
##
## FALSE TRUE
## Alabama 1020 356
## Alaska 0 1590
## Arizona 1327 201
## Arkansas 724 697
## California 11333 237
## Colorado 2545 380
## Connecticut 2593 243
## Delaware 1696 518
## District of Columbia 1791 0
## Florida 4947 202
## Georgia 2250 557
## Hawaii 1576 523
## Idaho 761 757
## Illinois 3473 439
## Indiana 1420 584
## Iowa 1297 1231
## Kansas 1234 701
## Kentucky 908 933
## Louisiana 1216 234
## Maine 909 1354
## Maryland 2978 222
## Massachusetts 1858 129
## Michigan 2517 546
## Minnesota 2150 989
## Mississippi 376 854
## Missouri 1440 705
## Montana 199 1015
## Nebraska 816 1133
## Nevada 1609 247
## New Hampshire 1148 1514
## New Jersey 2567 0
## New Mexico 832 270
## New York 5144 451
## North Carolina 1642 977
## North Dakota 432 1213
## Ohio 2754 924
## Oklahoma 1024 499
## Oregon 1519 424
## Pennsylvania 3245 685
## Rhode Island 2209 0
## South Carolina 1139 519
## South Dakota 595 1405
## Tennessee 1149 635
## Texas 6060 1017
## Utah 1455 387
## Vermont 657 1233
## Virginia 2367 586
## Washington 1937 429
## West Virginia 344 1065
## Wisconsin 1882 804
## Wyoming 0 1624
table(CPS$Region, is.na(CPS$MetroAreaCode))
##
## FALSE TRUE
## Midwest 20010 10674
## Northeast 20330 5609
## South 31631 9871
## West 25093 8084
sort(tapply(is.na(CPS$MetroAreaCode), CPS$State, mean))
## District of Columbia New Jersey Rhode Island
## 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000
## California Florida Massachusetts
## 0.02048401 0.03923092 0.06492199
## Maryland New York Connecticut
## 0.06937500 0.08060769 0.08568406
## Illinois Colorado Arizona
## 0.11221881 0.12991453 0.13154450
## Nevada Texas Louisiana
## 0.13308190 0.14370496 0.16137931
## Pennsylvania Michigan Washington
## 0.17430025 0.17825661 0.18131868
## Georgia Virginia Utah
## 0.19843249 0.19844226 0.21009772
## Oregon Delaware New Mexico
## 0.21821925 0.23396567 0.24500907
## Hawaii Ohio Alabama
## 0.24916627 0.25122349 0.25872093
## Indiana Wisconsin South Carolina
## 0.29141717 0.29932986 0.31302774
## Minnesota Oklahoma Missouri
## 0.31506849 0.32764281 0.32867133
## Tennessee Kansas North Carolina
## 0.35594170 0.36227390 0.37304315
## Iowa Arkansas Idaho
## 0.48694620 0.49049965 0.49868248
## Kentucky New Hampshire Nebraska
## 0.50678979 0.56874530 0.58132376
## Maine Vermont Mississippi
## 0.59832081 0.65238095 0.69430894
## South Dakota North Dakota West Virginia
## 0.70250000 0.73738602 0.75585522
## Montana Alaska Wyoming
## 0.83607908 1.00000000 1.00000000
CPS = merge(CPS, MetroAreaMap, by.x="MetroAreaCode", by.y="Code", all.x=TRUE)
summary(CPS)
## MetroAreaCode PeopleInHousehold Region State
## Min. :10420 Min. : 1.000 Midwest :30684 California :11570
## 1st Qu.:21780 1st Qu.: 2.000 Northeast:25939 Texas : 7077
## Median :34740 Median : 3.000 South :41502 New York : 5595
## Mean :35075 Mean : 3.284 West :33177 Florida : 5149
## 3rd Qu.:41860 3rd Qu.: 4.000 Pennsylvania: 3930
## Max. :79600 Max. :15.000 Illinois : 3912
## NA's :34238 (Other) :94069
## Age Married Sex
## Min. : 0.00 Divorced :11151 Female:67481
## 1st Qu.:19.00 Married :55509 Male :63821
## Median :39.00 Never Married:30772
## Mean :38.83 Separated : 2027
## 3rd Qu.:57.00 Widowed : 6505
## Max. :85.00 NA's :25338
##
## Education Race
## High school :30906 American Indian : 1433
## Bachelor's degree :19443 Asian : 6520
## Some college, no degree:18863 Black : 13913
## No high school diploma :16095 Multiracial : 2897
## Associate degree : 9913 Pacific Islander: 618
## (Other) :10744 White :105921
## NA's :25338
## Hispanic CountryOfBirthCode Citizenship
## Min. :0.0000 Min. : 57.00 Citizen, Native :116639
## 1st Qu.:0.0000 1st Qu.: 57.00 Citizen, Naturalized: 7073
## Median :0.0000 Median : 57.00 Non-Citizen : 7590
## Mean :0.1393 Mean : 82.68
## 3rd Qu.:0.0000 3rd Qu.: 57.00
## Max. :1.0000 Max. :555.00
##
## EmploymentStatus Industry
## Disabled : 5712 Educational and health services :15017
## Employed :61733 Trade : 8933
## Not in Labor Force:15246 Professional and business services: 7519
## Retired :18619 Manufacturing : 6791
## Unemployed : 4203 Leisure and hospitality : 6364
## NA's :25789 (Other) :21618
## NA's :65060
## MetroArea
## New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA: 5409
## Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV : 4177
## Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA : 4102
## Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE : 2855
## Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI : 2772
## (Other) :77749
## NA's :34238
str(CPS)
## 'data.frame': 131302 obs. of 15 variables:
## $ MetroAreaCode : int 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 10420 ...
## $ PeopleInHousehold : int 4 4 2 4 1 3 4 4 2 3 ...
## $ Region : Factor w/ 4 levels "Midwest","Northeast",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ State : Factor w/ 51 levels "Alabama","Alaska",..: 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 ...
## $ Age : int 2 9 73 40 63 19 30 6 60 32 ...
## $ Married : Factor w/ 5 levels "Divorced","Married",..: NA NA 2 2 3 3 2 NA 2 2 ...
## $ Sex : Factor w/ 2 levels "Female","Male": 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 ...
## $ Education : Factor w/ 8 levels "Associate degree",..: NA NA 8 4 6 4 2 NA 4 4 ...
## $ Race : Factor w/ 6 levels "American Indian",..: 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 6 6 6 ...
## $ Hispanic : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ...
## $ CountryOfBirthCode: int 57 57 57 362 57 57 203 57 57 57 ...
## $ Citizenship : Factor w/ 3 levels "Citizen, Native",..: 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 ...
## $ EmploymentStatus : Factor w/ 5 levels "Disabled","Employed",..: NA NA 4 3 1 2 3 NA 2 2 ...
## $ Industry : Factor w/ 14 levels "Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting",..: NA NA NA NA NA 7 NA NA 4 13 ...
## $ MetroArea : Factor w/ 271 levels "Akron, OH","Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
table(CPS$MetroArea)
##
## Akron, OH
## 231
## Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
## 268
## Albany, GA
## 68
## Albuquerque, NM
## 609
## Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
## 334
## Altoona, PA
## 82
## Amarillo, TX
## 88
## Anderson, IN
## 62
## Anderson, SC
## 64
## Ann Arbor, MI
## 85
## Anniston-Oxford, AL
## 61
## Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
## 0
## Appleton,WI
## 125
## Asheville, NC
## 116
## Athens-Clark County, GA
## 65
## Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA
## 1552
## Atlantic City, NJ
## 111
## Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
## 161
## Austin-Round Rock, TX
## 516
## Bakersfield, CA
## 245
## Baltimore-Towson, MD
## 1483
## Bangor, ME
## 208
## Barnstable Town, MA
## 75
## Baton Rouge, LA
## 262
## Beaumont-Port Author, TX
## 123
## Bellingham, WA
## 70
## Bend, OR
## 140
## Billings, MT
## 199
## Binghamton, NY
## 73
## Birmingham-Hoover, AL
## 392
## Bloomington-Normal IL
## 40
## Bloomington, IN
## 104
## Boise City-Nampa, ID
## 644
## Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH
## 2229
## Boulder, CO
## 171
## Bowling Green, KY
## 29
## Bremerton-Silverdale, WA
## 87
## Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
## 730
## Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
## 79
## Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY
## 344
## Burlington-South Burlington, VT
## 657
## Canton-Massillon, OH
## 118
## Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
## 146
## Cedar Rapids, IA
## 196
## Champaign-Urbana, IL
## 122
## Charleston-North Charleston, SC
## 232
## Charleston, WV
## 262
## Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
## 517
## Chattanooga, TN-GA
## 167
## Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI
## 2772
## Chico, CA
## 60
## Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
## 719
## Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH
## 681
## Coeur d'Alene, ID
## 117
## Colorado Springs, CO
## 372
## Columbia, MO
## 47
## Columbia, SC
## 291
## Columbus, GA-AL
## 59
## Columbus, OH
## 551
## Corpus Christi, TX
## 132
## Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
## 1863
## Danbury, CT
## 112
## Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
## 240
## Dayton, OH
## 268
## Decatur, Al
## 96
## Decatur, IL
## 81
## Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
## 140
## Denver-Aurora, CO
## 1504
## Des Moines, IA
## 501
## Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI
## 1354
## Dover, DE
## 456
## Duluth, MN-WI
## 126
## Durham, NC
## 189
## Eau Claire, WI
## 110
## El Centro, CA
## 99
## El Paso, TX
## 244
## Erie, PA
## 87
## Eugene-Springfield, OR
## 196
## Evansville, IN-KY
## 99
## Fargo, ND-MN
## 432
## Farmington, NM
## 64
## Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO
## 215
## Fayetteville, NC
## 77
## Flint, MI
## 102
## Florence, AL
## 63
## Fort Collins-Loveland, CO
## 206
## Fort Smith, AR-OK
## 105
## Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL
## 80
## Fort Wayne, IN
## 136
## Fresno, CA
## 303
## Gainesville, FL
## 70
## Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI
## 0
## Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI
## 304
## Greeley, CO
## 162
## Green Bay, WI
## 136
## Greensboro-High Point, NC
## 251
## Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC
## 0
## Greenville, SC
## 185
## Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
## 65
## Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
## 86
## Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
## 174
## Harrisonburg, VA
## 90
## Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
## 885
## Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC
## 57
## Hinesville-Fort Stewart, GA
## 0
## Holland-Grand Haven, MI
## 78
## Honolulu, HI
## 1576
## Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX
## 1649
## Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
## 82
## Huntsville, AL
## 117
## Indianapolis, IN
## 570
## Iowa City, IA
## 131
## Jackson, MI
## 70
## Jackson, MS
## 222
## Jacksonville, FL
## 393
## Jacksonville, NC
## 63
## Jamestown, NY
## 0
## Janesville, WI
## 99
## Johnson City, TN
## 52
## Johnstown, PA
## 63
## Joplin, MO
## 59
## Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI
## 0
## Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
## 127
## Kankakee-Bradley, IL
## 87
## Kansas City, MO-KS
## 962
## Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX
## 101
## Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
## 67
## Kingston, NY
## 87
## Knoxville, TN
## 168
## La Crosse, WI
## 114
## Lafayette, LA
## 181
## Lake Charles, LA
## 81
## Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
## 149
## Lancaster, PA
## 156
## Lansing-East Lansing, MI
## 119
## Laredo, TX
## 89
## Las Cruses, NM
## 107
## Las Vegas-Paradise, NV
## 1299
## Lawrence, KS
## 98
## Lawton, OK
## 97
## Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA
## 66
## Lexington-Fayette, KY
## 198
## Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR
## 404
## Longview, TX
## 65
## Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA
## 4102
## Louisville, KY-IN
## 519
## Lubbock, TX
## 63
## Lynchburg, VA
## 73
## Macon, GA
## 65
## Madera, CA
## 57
## Madison, WI
## 284
## McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX
## 195
## Medford, OR
## 82
## Memphis, TN-MS-AR
## 348
## Merced, CA
## 106
## Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL
## 1554
## Michigan City-La Porte, IN
## 77
## Midland, TX
## 51
## Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
## 714
## Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
## 1942
## Mobile, AL
## 110
## Modesto, CA
## 158
## Monroe, LA
## 179
## Monroe, MI
## 63
## Montgomery, AL
## 103
## Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI
## 90
## Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC
## 102
## Napa, CA
## 61
## Naples-Marco Island, FL
## 82
## Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN
## 505
## New Haven, CT
## 506
## New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA
## 367
## New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA
## 5409
## Niles-Benton Harbor, MI
## 51
## Norwich-New London, CT-RI
## 203
## Ocala, FL
## 76
## Ocean City, NJ
## 30
## Ogden-Clearfield, UT
## 423
## Oklahoma City, OK
## 604
## Olympia, WA
## 99
## Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
## 957
## Orlando, FL
## 610
## Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
## 85
## Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
## 267
## Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
## 168
## Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL
## 59
## Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
## 107
## Peoria, IL
## 112
## Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE
## 2855
## Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ
## 971
## Pittsburgh, PA
## 732
## Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL
## 109
## Portland-South Portland, ME
## 701
## Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA
## 1089
## Portsmouth-Rochester, NH-ME
## 0
## Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
## 201
## Prescott, AZ
## 54
## Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI
## 2284
## Provo-Orem, UT
## 309
## Pueblo, CO
## 130
## Punta Gorda, FL
## 48
## Racine, WI
## 119
## Raleigh-Cary, NC
## 336
## Reading, PA
## 142
## Reno-Sparks, NV
## 310
## Richmond, VA
## 490
## Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
## 1290
## Roanoke, VA
## 66
## Rochester-Dover, NH-ME
## 262
## Rochester, NY
## 307
## Rockford, IL
## 114
## Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA
## 667
## Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI
## 74
## Salem, OR
## 170
## Salinas, CA
## 104
## Salisbury, MD
## 74
## Salt Lake City, UT
## 723
## San Antonio, TX
## 607
## San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA
## 907
## San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
## 1386
## San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
## 670
## San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
## 77
## Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA
## 66
## Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA
## 132
## Santa Fe, NM
## 52
## Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
## 129
## Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL
## 192
## Savannah, GA
## 202
## Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA
## 176
## Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
## 1255
## Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
## 146
## Sioux Falls, SD
## 595
## South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
## 81
## Spartanburg, SC
## 99
## Spokane, WA
## 156
## Springfield, IL
## 76
## Springfield, MA-CT
## 155
## Springfield, MO
## 161
## Springfield, OH
## 34
## St. Cloud, MN
## 82
## St. Louis, MO-IL
## 956
## Stockton, CA
## 193
## Syracuse, NY
## 223
## Tallahassee, FL
## 43
## Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
## 842
## Toledo, OH
## 235
## Topeka, KS
## 182
## Trenton-Ewing, NJ
## 91
## Tucson, AZ
## 302
## Tulsa, OK
## 323
## Tuscaloosa, AL
## 78
## Utica-Rome, NY
## 80
## Valdosta, GA
## 42
## Vallejo-Fairfield, CA
## 133
## Vero Beach, FL
## 79
## Victoria, TX
## 116
## Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ
## 54
## Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
## 597
## Visalia-Porterville, CA
## 121
## Waco, TX
## 79
## Warner Robins, GA
## 42
## Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
## 4177
## Waterbury, CT
## 157
## Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
## 156
## Wausau, WI
## 96
## Wichita, KS
## 427
## Winston-Salem, NC
## 127
## Worcester, MA-CT
## 144
## Yakima, WA
## 112
## York-Hanover, PA
## 117
## Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH
## 153
sort(tapply(CPS$Hispanic, CPS$MetroArea, mean))
## Anderson, SC
## 0.000000000
## Ann Arbor, MI
## 0.000000000
## Barnstable Town, MA
## 0.000000000
## Bloomington-Normal IL
## 0.000000000
## Bloomington, IN
## 0.000000000
## Bowling Green, KY
## 0.000000000
## Decatur, IL
## 0.000000000
## Eau Claire, WI
## 0.000000000
## Florence, AL
## 0.000000000
## Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
## 0.000000000
## Harrisonburg, VA
## 0.000000000
## Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
## 0.000000000
## Huntsville, AL
## 0.000000000
## Jackson, MI
## 0.000000000
## Johnstown, PA
## 0.000000000
## Macon, GA
## 0.000000000
## Mobile, AL
## 0.000000000
## Salisbury, MD
## 0.000000000
## Savannah, GA
## 0.000000000
## Warner Robins, GA
## 0.000000000
## Dayton, OH
## 0.003731343
## Monroe, LA
## 0.005586592
## Knoxville, TN
## 0.005952381
## Charleston, WV
## 0.007633588
## Appleton,WI
## 0.008000000
## Jackson, MS
## 0.009009009
## Burlington-South Burlington, VT
## 0.009132420
## Montgomery, AL
## 0.009708738
## Wausau, WI
## 0.010416667
## Portland-South Portland, ME
## 0.011412268
## Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
## 0.011764706
## Altoona, PA
## 0.012195122
## St. Cloud, MN
## 0.012195122
## Holland-Grand Haven, MI
## 0.012820513
## Akron, OH
## 0.012987013
## Springfield, IL
## 0.013157895
## Bellingham, WA
## 0.014285714
## Bangor, ME
## 0.014423077
## Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
## 0.014925373
## Cedar Rapids, IA
## 0.015306122
## Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
## 0.015384615
## Duluth, MN-WI
## 0.015873016
## Pittsburgh, PA
## 0.016393443
## Joplin, MO
## 0.016949153
## Charleston-North Charleston, SC
## 0.017241379
## Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY
## 0.017441860
## La Crosse, WI
## 0.017543860
## Niles-Benton Harbor, MI
## 0.019607843
## Evansville, IN-KY
## 0.020202020
## Spartanburg, SC
## 0.020202020
## Bend, OR
## 0.021428571
## Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI
## 0.022222222
## Erie, PA
## 0.022988506
## Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
## 0.022988506
## Madison, WI
## 0.024647887
## Lake Charles, LA
## 0.024691358
## Fargo, ND-MN
## 0.025462963
## Coeur d'Alene, ID
## 0.025641026
## Spokane, WA
## 0.025641026
## Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI
## 0.027027027
## Lynchburg, VA
## 0.027397260
## Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
## 0.028037383
## Memphis, TN-MS-AR
## 0.028735632
## Springfield, OH
## 0.029411765
## Billings, MT
## 0.030150754
## Janesville, WI
## 0.030303030
## Roanoke, VA
## 0.030303030
## St. Louis, MO-IL
## 0.030334728
## Iowa City, IA
## 0.030534351
## Rochester-Dover, NH-ME
## 0.030534351
## Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
## 0.031496063
## Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH
## 0.032679739
## Champaign-Urbana, IL
## 0.032786885
## Toledo, OH
## 0.034042553
## Fort Wayne, IN
## 0.036764706
## Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR
## 0.037128713
## Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI
## 0.037666174
## Greenville, SC
## 0.037837838
## Baton Rouge, LA
## 0.038167939
## Johnson City, TN
## 0.038461538
## Louisville, KY-IN
## 0.038535645
## Michigan City-La Porte, IN
## 0.038961039
## Flint, MI
## 0.039215686
## Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
## 0.040333797
## Lexington-Fayette, KY
## 0.040404040
## Lawrence, KS
## 0.040816327
## Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
## 0.041044776
## Binghamton, NY
## 0.041095890
## Punta Gorda, FL
## 0.041666667
## Sioux Falls, SD
## 0.042016807
## Columbia, MO
## 0.042553191
## York-Hanover, PA
## 0.042735043
## Gainesville, FL
## 0.042857143
## Richmond, VA
## 0.042857143
## Springfield, MO
## 0.043478261
## Columbus, OH
## 0.043557169
## Rockford, IL
## 0.043859649
## Albany, GA
## 0.044117647
## Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL
## 0.046875000
## Valdosta, GA
## 0.047619048
## Anniston-Oxford, AL
## 0.049180328
## South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
## 0.049382716
## Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
## 0.050251256
## Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
## 0.052008239
## Decatur, Al
## 0.052083333
## Birmingham-Hoover, AL
## 0.053571429
## Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
## 0.053571429
## Winston-Salem, NC
## 0.055118110
## Dover, DE
## 0.057017544
## Bremerton-Silverdale, WA
## 0.057471264
## Rochester, NY
## 0.058631922
## Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC
## 0.058823529
## Racine, WI
## 0.058823529
## Honolulu, HI
## 0.059644670
## Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH
## 0.060205580
## Asheville, NC
## 0.060344828
## Lafayette, LA
## 0.060773481
## Peoria, IL
## 0.062500000
## Monroe, MI
## 0.063492063
## Anderson, IN
## 0.064516129
## Provo-Orem, UT
## 0.064724919
## Ocean City, NJ
## 0.066666667
## Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL
## 0.067796610
## Kingston, NY
## 0.068965517
## Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN
## 0.069306931
## Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH
## 0.069537909
## Tallahassee, FL
## 0.069767442
## Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
## 0.070010449
## Indianapolis, IN
## 0.071929825
## New Haven, CT
## 0.073122530
## Des Moines, IA
## 0.073852295
## Utica-Rome, NY
## 0.075000000
## Greensboro-High Point, NC
## 0.075697211
## Vero Beach, FL
## 0.075949367
## Canton-Massillon, OH
## 0.076271186
## Eugene-Springfield, OR
## 0.076530612
## Chattanooga, TN-GA
## 0.077844311
## Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE
## 0.078458844
## Columbia, SC
## 0.079037801
## Syracuse, NY
## 0.080717489
## Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
## 0.082191781
## Baltimore-Towson, MD
## 0.082265678
## Worcester, MA-CT
## 0.083333333
## Lansing-East Lansing, MI
## 0.084033613
## Medford, OR
## 0.085365854
## Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
## 0.085434174
## Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA
## 0.085695876
## Fort Smith, AR-OK
## 0.085714286
## Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
## 0.086826347
## Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC
## 0.087719298
## Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
## 0.088446215
## Atlantic City, NJ
## 0.090090090
## Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA
## 0.090909091
## Jacksonville, FL
## 0.091603053
## Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
## 0.091666667
## Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
## 0.093167702
## Boise City-Nampa, ID
## 0.093167702
## Topeka, KS
## 0.093406593
## Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA
## 0.094582185
## Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
## 0.100000000
## Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL
## 0.100917431
## Lancaster, PA
## 0.102564103
## Tuscaloosa, AL
## 0.102564103
## Norwich-New London, CT-RI
## 0.103448276
## Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
## 0.105084746
## Oklahoma City, OK
## 0.107615894
## Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
## 0.108974359
## Durham, NC
## 0.111111111
## New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA
## 0.111716621
## Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
## 0.112328767
## Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL
## 0.112500000
## Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI
## 0.114273205
## Tulsa, OK
## 0.114551084
## Kankakee-Bradley, IL
## 0.114942529
## Chico, CA
## 0.116666667
## Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
## 0.117988395
## Raleigh-Cary, NC
## 0.119047619
## Colorado Springs, CO
## 0.120967742
## Olympia, WA
## 0.121212121
## Fort Collins-Loveland, CO
## 0.121359223
## Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
## 0.121378980
## Kansas City, MO-KS
## 0.121621622
## Athens-Clark County, GA
## 0.123076923
## Lawton, OK
## 0.123711340
## Green Bay, WI
## 0.125000000
## Jacksonville, NC
## 0.126984127
## Prescott, AZ
## 0.129629630
## Trenton-Ewing, NJ
## 0.131868132
## Wichita, KS
## 0.133489461
## Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
## 0.134228188
## Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA
## 0.136363636
## Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI
## 0.138157895
## Ogden-Clearfield, UT
## 0.144208038
## Boulder, CO
## 0.146198830
## Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO
## 0.148837209
## Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA
## 0.151515152
## Salt Lake City, UT
## 0.154910097
## Fayetteville, NC
## 0.155844156
## Ocala, FL
## 0.157894737
## Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
## 0.159144893
## Greeley, CO
## 0.160493827
## Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI
## 0.167388167
## Naples-Marco Island, FL
## 0.182926829
## Reno-Sparks, NV
## 0.196774194
## San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
## 0.199855700
## Columbus, GA-AL
## 0.203389831
## Vallejo-Fairfield, CA
## 0.210526316
## Reading, PA
## 0.211267606
## Salem, OR
## 0.211764706
## Orlando, FL
## 0.213114754
## Springfield, MA-CT
## 0.219354839
## Beaumont-Port Author, TX
## 0.227642276
## New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA
## 0.228508042
## Napa, CA
## 0.229508197
## Denver-Aurora, CO
## 0.232047872
## Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
## 0.232558140
## Farmington, NM
## 0.234375000
## San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
## 0.246753247
## Waterbury, CT
## 0.248407643
## Las Vegas-Paradise, NV
## 0.251732102
## Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ
## 0.254376931
## Amarillo, TX
## 0.261363636
## Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA
## 0.263868066
## San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA
## 0.269018743
## Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
## 0.273631841
## Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
## 0.283950617
## Lubbock, TX
## 0.285714286
## Longview, TX
## 0.292307692
## Pueblo, CO
## 0.307692308
## Austin-Round Rock, TX
## 0.310077519
## San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
## 0.316417910
## Stockton, CA
## 0.321243523
## Waco, TX
## 0.329113924
## Danbury, CT
## 0.339285714
## Modesto, CA
## 0.341772152
## Midland, TX
## 0.352941176
## Yakima, WA
## 0.357142857
## Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX
## 0.359005458
## Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
## 0.359550562
## Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX
## 0.386138614
## Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA
## 0.401515152
## Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ
## 0.407407407
## Fresno, CA
## 0.409240924
## Visalia-Porterville, CA
## 0.438016529
## Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
## 0.438356164
## Albuquerque, NM
## 0.441707718
## Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA
## 0.460263286
## Santa Fe, NM
## 0.461538462
## Victoria, TX
## 0.465517241
## Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL
## 0.467824968
## Bakersfield, CA
## 0.489795918
## Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
## 0.502325581
## Tucson, AZ
## 0.506622517
## Las Cruses, NM
## 0.542056075
## Salinas, CA
## 0.557692308
## Merced, CA
## 0.566037736
## Corpus Christi, TX
## 0.606060606
## Madera, CA
## 0.614035088
## San Antonio, TX
## 0.644151565
## El Centro, CA
## 0.686868687
## El Paso, TX
## 0.790983607
## Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
## 0.797468354
## McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX
## 0.948717949
## Laredo, TX
## 0.966292135
sort(tapply(CPS$Race == "Asian", CPS$MetroArea, mean))
## Albany, GA
## 0.000000000
## Altoona, PA
## 0.000000000
## Amarillo, TX
## 0.000000000
## Anderson, IN
## 0.000000000
## Appleton,WI
## 0.000000000
## Asheville, NC
## 0.000000000
## Barnstable Town, MA
## 0.000000000
## Beaumont-Port Author, TX
## 0.000000000
## Billings, MT
## 0.000000000
## Binghamton, NY
## 0.000000000
## Bloomington, IN
## 0.000000000
## Bowling Green, KY
## 0.000000000
## Canton-Massillon, OH
## 0.000000000
## Charleston, WV
## 0.000000000
## Chico, CA
## 0.000000000
## Columbus, GA-AL
## 0.000000000
## Decatur, IL
## 0.000000000
## Durham, NC
## 0.000000000
## Eau Claire, WI
## 0.000000000
## El Paso, TX
## 0.000000000
## Erie, PA
## 0.000000000
## Farmington, NM
## 0.000000000
## Florence, AL
## 0.000000000
## Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
## 0.000000000
## Huntsville, AL
## 0.000000000
## Jackson, MI
## 0.000000000
## Jackson, MS
## 0.000000000
## Janesville, WI
## 0.000000000
## Johnson City, TN
## 0.000000000
## Joplin, MO
## 0.000000000
## Kankakee-Bradley, IL
## 0.000000000
## Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX
## 0.000000000
## Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
## 0.000000000
## Knoxville, TN
## 0.000000000
## Lafayette, LA
## 0.000000000
## Lansing-East Lansing, MI
## 0.000000000
## Laredo, TX
## 0.000000000
## Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA
## 0.000000000
## Longview, TX
## 0.000000000
## Lubbock, TX
## 0.000000000
## Lynchburg, VA
## 0.000000000
## Macon, GA
## 0.000000000
## Madera, CA
## 0.000000000
## McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX
## 0.000000000
## Michigan City-La Porte, IN
## 0.000000000
## Midland, TX
## 0.000000000
## Monroe, MI
## 0.000000000
## Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI
## 0.000000000
## Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC
## 0.000000000
## Niles-Benton Harbor, MI
## 0.000000000
## Ocean City, NJ
## 0.000000000
## Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
## 0.000000000
## Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL
## 0.000000000
## Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
## 0.000000000
## Pueblo, CO
## 0.000000000
## Punta Gorda, FL
## 0.000000000
## Racine, WI
## 0.000000000
## Reading, PA
## 0.000000000
## Roanoke, VA
## 0.000000000
## Rockford, IL
## 0.000000000
## Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI
## 0.000000000
## Salem, OR
## 0.000000000
## Salisbury, MD
## 0.000000000
## Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA
## 0.000000000
## Santa Fe, NM
## 0.000000000
## Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA
## 0.000000000
## Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
## 0.000000000
## South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
## 0.000000000
## Spartanburg, SC
## 0.000000000
## Springfield, MA-CT
## 0.000000000
## Springfield, OH
## 0.000000000
## St. Cloud, MN
## 0.000000000
## Tallahassee, FL
## 0.000000000
## Tuscaloosa, AL
## 0.000000000
## Utica-Rome, NY
## 0.000000000
## Valdosta, GA
## 0.000000000
## Vero Beach, FL
## 0.000000000
## Victoria, TX
## 0.000000000
## Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ
## 0.000000000
## Waco, TX
## 0.000000000
## Waterbury, CT
## 0.000000000
## Wausau, WI
## 0.000000000
## St. Louis, MO-IL
## 0.002092050
## New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA
## 0.002724796
## San Antonio, TX
## 0.003294893
## Charleston-North Charleston, SC
## 0.004310345
## Monroe, LA
## 0.005586592
## Chattanooga, TN-GA
## 0.005988024
## Modesto, CA
## 0.006329114
## Bend, OR
## 0.007142857
## Dayton, OH
## 0.007462687
## Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA
## 0.007575758
## Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
## 0.007751938
## Toledo, OH
## 0.008510638
## Coeur d'Alene, ID
## 0.008547009
## York-Hanover, PA
## 0.008547009
## Yakima, WA
## 0.008928571
## Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI
## 0.009868421
## Sioux Falls, SD
## 0.010084034
## Evansville, IN-KY
## 0.010101010
## Lawrence, KS
## 0.010204082
## Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH
## 0.010279001
## Lawton, OK
## 0.010309278
## Boise City-Nampa, ID
## 0.010869565
## Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
## 0.011494253
## Kingston, NY
## 0.011494253
## Louisville, KY-IN
## 0.011560694
## Medford, OR
## 0.012195122
## Greeley, CO
## 0.012345679
## Springfield, MO
## 0.012422360
## Birmingham-Hoover, AL
## 0.012755102
## Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
## 0.012820513
## Provo-Orem, UT
## 0.012944984
## Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH
## 0.013071895
## Ocala, FL
## 0.013157895
## Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
## 0.014970060
## Corpus Christi, TX
## 0.015151515
## Dover, DE
## 0.015350877
## Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
## 0.015473888
## Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL
## 0.015625000
## Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
## 0.015748031
## Winston-Salem, NC
## 0.015748031
## Johnstown, PA
## 0.015873016
## Colorado Springs, CO
## 0.016129032
## Champaign-Urbana, IL
## 0.016393443
## Napa, CA
## 0.016393443
## Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL
## 0.016949153
## Memphis, TN-MS-AR
## 0.017241379
## Columbus, OH
## 0.018148820
## Prescott, AZ
## 0.018518519
## Las Cruses, NM
## 0.018691589
## Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
## 0.018691589
## Spokane, WA
## 0.019230769
## Fort Collins-Loveland, CO
## 0.019417476
## Flint, MI
## 0.019607843
## Savannah, GA
## 0.019801980
## Tucson, AZ
## 0.019867550
## El Centro, CA
## 0.020202020
## Eugene-Springfield, OR
## 0.020408163
## Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
## 0.020833333
## Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
## 0.021428571
## Topeka, KS
## 0.021978022
## Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
## 0.022253129
## Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR
## 0.022277228
## Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
## 0.022388060
## Baton Rouge, LA
## 0.022900763
## Bremerton-Silverdale, WA
## 0.022988506
## Bangor, ME
## 0.024038462
## Naples-Marco Island, FL
## 0.024390244
## Indianapolis, IN
## 0.024561404
## Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
## 0.024844720
## Holland-Grand Haven, MI
## 0.025641026
## Fayetteville, NC
## 0.025974026
## Ogden-Clearfield, UT
## 0.026004728
## Rochester-Dover, NH-ME
## 0.026717557
## Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
## 0.026800670
## Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
## 0.026845638
## Columbia, SC
## 0.027491409
## Fargo, ND-MN
## 0.027777778
## Bellingham, WA
## 0.028571429
## Montgomery, AL
## 0.029126214
## Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
## 0.029258098
## Akron, OH
## 0.030303030
## Wichita, KS
## 0.030444965
## Athens-Clark County, GA
## 0.030769231
## Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
## 0.030769231
## Anderson, SC
## 0.031250000
## Denver-Aurora, CO
## 0.031914894
## Greenville, SC
## 0.032432432
## Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE
## 0.032924694
## Harrisonburg, VA
## 0.033333333
## Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
## 0.034246575
## Kansas City, MO-KS
## 0.034303534
## Worcester, MA-CT
## 0.034722222
## Oklahoma City, OK
## 0.034768212
## Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC
## 0.035087719
## Lexington-Fayette, KY
## 0.035353535
## Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL
## 0.035392535
## Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
## 0.035714286
## Salt Lake City, UT
## 0.035961272
## Mobile, AL
## 0.036363636
## Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
## 0.036585366
## Richmond, VA
## 0.036734694
## Fort Wayne, IN
## 0.036764706
## Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL
## 0.037500000
## Des Moines, IA
## 0.037924152
## Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ
## 0.038105046
## Pittsburgh, PA
## 0.038251366
## Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
## 0.038356164
## Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI
## 0.038966725
## Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
## 0.039192399
## Duluth, MN-WI
## 0.039682540
## Syracuse, NY
## 0.040358744
## Albuquerque, NM
## 0.041050903
## Decatur, Al
## 0.041666667
## Portland-South Portland, ME
## 0.042796006
## Gainesville, FL
## 0.042857143
## Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI
## 0.043574594
## Trenton-Ewing, NJ
## 0.043956044
## New Haven, CT
## 0.047430830
## Jacksonville, NC
## 0.047619048
## Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
## 0.047619048
## Jacksonville, FL
## 0.048346056
## Burlington-South Burlington, VT
## 0.048706240
## Anniston-Oxford, AL
## 0.049180328
## Tulsa, OK
## 0.049535604
## Raleigh-Cary, NC
## 0.050595238
## Orlando, FL
## 0.050819672
## Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO
## 0.051162791
## San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
## 0.051948052
## Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH
## 0.052041274
## Austin-Round Rock, TX
## 0.052325581
## Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY
## 0.052325581
## Springfield, IL
## 0.052631579
## Iowa City, IA
## 0.053435115
## Peoria, IL
## 0.053571429
## Madison, WI
## 0.056338028
## Merced, CA
## 0.056603774
## Fort Smith, AR-OK
## 0.057142857
## Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN
## 0.057425743
## Lancaster, PA
## 0.057692308
## Baltimore-Towson, MD
## 0.057990560
## Reno-Sparks, NV
## 0.058064516
## Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI
## 0.058441558
## Boulder, CO
## 0.058479532
## Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX
## 0.061249242
## Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
## 0.062015504
## Danbury, CT
## 0.062500000
## Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
## 0.062801932
## Columbia, MO
## 0.063829787
## Rochester, NY
## 0.065146580
## Cedar Rapids, IA
## 0.066326531
## Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
## 0.066666667
## Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA
## 0.069788797
## Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
## 0.070624850
## Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA
## 0.072809278
## Norwich-New London, CT-RI
## 0.073891626
## Lake Charles, LA
## 0.074074074
## Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
## 0.074906367
## Bloomington-Normal IL
## 0.075000000
## Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
## 0.075949367
## Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
## 0.076725026
## Las Vegas-Paradise, NV
## 0.078521940
## Greensboro-High Point, NC
## 0.079681275
## Bakersfield, CA
## 0.081632653
## Ann Arbor, MI
## 0.082352941
## La Crosse, WI
## 0.087719298
## Green Bay, WI
## 0.088235294
## Visalia-Porterville, CA
## 0.090909091
## Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
## 0.099601594
## New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA
## 0.104270660
## Salinas, CA
## 0.125000000
## Olympia, WA
## 0.131313131
## Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA
## 0.135056070
## San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA
## 0.142227122
## Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA
## 0.142428786
## Atlantic City, NJ
## 0.144144144
## Stockton, CA
## 0.155440415
## Warner Robins, GA
## 0.166666667
## Fresno, CA
## 0.184818482
## Vallejo-Fairfield, CA
## 0.203007519
## San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
## 0.241791045
## San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
## 0.246753247
## Honolulu, HI
## 0.501903553
sort(tapply(CPS$Education == "No high school diploma", CPS$MetroArea, mean, na.rm=TRUE))
## Iowa City, IA
## 0.02912621
## Bowling Green, KY
## 0.03703704
## Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
## 0.05050505
## Champaign-Urbana, IL
## 0.05154639
## Bremerton-Silverdale, WA
## 0.05405405
## Lawrence, KS
## 0.05952381
## Bloomington-Normal IL
## 0.06060606
## Jacksonville, NC
## 0.06122449
## Eau Claire, WI
## 0.06250000
## Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
## 0.06666667
## Salisbury, MD
## 0.06779661
## Gainesville, FL
## 0.06896552
## Fort Collins-Loveland, CO
## 0.06936416
## Altoona, PA
## 0.07142857
## Madison, WI
## 0.07423581
## Tallahassee, FL
## 0.07500000
## Fargo, ND-MN
## 0.07902736
## Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
## 0.07929515
## Ocean City, NJ
## 0.08000000
## Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
## 0.08130081
## Billings, MT
## 0.08280255
## Coeur d'Alene, ID
## 0.08333333
## Burlington-South Burlington, VT
## 0.08394161
## Akron, OH
## 0.08421053
## Ann Arbor, MI
## 0.08695652
## Asheville, NC
## 0.08695652
## Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
## 0.08695652
## Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
## 0.08823529
## Rochester-Dover, NH-ME
## 0.08928571
## Knoxville, TN
## 0.08965517
## Pittsburgh, PA
## 0.09060403
## Barnstable Town, MA
## 0.09090909
## Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
## 0.09563758
## Johnstown, PA
## 0.09615385
## Austin-Round Rock, TX
## 0.09629630
## La Crosse, WI
## 0.09677419
## Boulder, CO
## 0.09701493
## Charleston-North Charleston, SC
## 0.09890110
## Fort Wayne, IN
## 0.09900990
## Roanoke, VA
## 0.10169492
## Prescott, AZ
## 0.10204082
## Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
## 0.10280374
## Evansville, IN-KY
## 0.10389610
## Spokane, WA
## 0.10434783
## Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
## 0.10559006
## Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
## 0.10579710
## Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI
## 0.10612245
## Portland-South Portland, ME
## 0.10638298
## Honolulu, HI
## 0.10739300
## Michigan City-La Porte, IN
## 0.10769231
## Eugene-Springfield, OR
## 0.11038961
## Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH
## 0.11080485
## Bend, OR
## 0.11111111
## Vero Beach, FL
## 0.11428571
## Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL
## 0.11464968
## Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL
## 0.11475410
## Flint, MI
## 0.11538462
## Cedar Rapids, IA
## 0.11564626
## Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
## 0.11638204
## Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA
## 0.11657143
## Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
## 0.11683748
## Mobile, AL
## 0.11702128
## Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA
## 0.11724138
## Topeka, KS
## 0.11724138
## Colorado Springs, CO
## 0.11764706
## Olympia, WA
## 0.11764706
## Reno-Sparks, NV
## 0.11764706
## Appleton,WI
## 0.11827957
## Santa Fe, NM
## 0.11904762
## Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
## 0.11909651
## Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
## 0.11929825
## Rochester, NY
## 0.12132353
## Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
## 0.12168793
## Kansas City, MO-KS
## 0.12172775
## Napa, CA
## 0.12244898
## Duluth, MN-WI
## 0.12264151
## New Haven, CT
## 0.12354312
## Canton-Massillon, OH
## 0.12371134
## Fayetteville, NC
## 0.12500000
## San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
## 0.12500000
## Worcester, MA-CT
## 0.12605042
## Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE
## 0.12717253
## Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
## 0.12727273
## Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
## 0.12800000
## Pueblo, CO
## 0.12844037
## Baton Rouge, LA
## 0.12871287
## Racine, WI
## 0.12903226
## Des Moines, IA
## 0.12944162
## Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI
## 0.12964642
## Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
## 0.12972973
## Richmond, VA
## 0.12990196
## Savannah, GA
## 0.13013699
## Danbury, CT
## 0.13043478
## Bloomington, IN
## 0.13095238
## Valdosta, GA
## 0.13157895
## Wausau, WI
## 0.13157895
## Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
## 0.13178295
## Tulsa, OK
## 0.13178295
## Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
## 0.13286713
## Las Vegas-Paradise, NV
## 0.13307985
## Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC
## 0.13333333
## Provo-Orem, UT
## 0.13366337
## Anderson, IN
## 0.13461538
## Chico, CA
## 0.13461538
## St. Louis, MO-IL
## 0.13461538
## Niles-Benton Harbor, MI
## 0.13513514
## Ogden-Clearfield, UT
## 0.13571429
## Baltimore-Towson, MD
## 0.13583333
## Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY
## 0.13684211
## Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
## 0.13693694
## Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI
## 0.13737734
## Louisville, KY-IN
## 0.13785047
## Lynchburg, VA
## 0.13793103
## Peoria, IL
## 0.13829787
## Sioux Falls, SD
## 0.13832200
## Ocala, FL
## 0.13888889
## Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA
## 0.14035088
## Oklahoma City, OK
## 0.14137214
## San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA
## 0.14188267
## Jacksonville, FL
## 0.14244186
## Atlantic City, NJ
## 0.14285714
## Holland-Grand Haven, MI
## 0.14285714
## Medford, OR
## 0.14285714
## Naples-Marco Island, FL
## 0.14285714
## Punta Gorda, FL
## 0.14285714
## Victoria, TX
## 0.14285714
## Winston-Salem, NC
## 0.14285714
## Salt Lake City, UT
## 0.14338235
## Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA
## 0.14421553
## Decatur, IL
## 0.14516129
## Springfield, IL
## 0.14516129
## Monroe, MI
## 0.14545455
## Denver-Aurora, CO
## 0.14574558
## Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
## 0.14574899
## Greeley, CO
## 0.14615385
## San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
## 0.14651368
## Boise City-Nampa, ID
## 0.14653465
## Greenville, SC
## 0.14666667
## Birmingham-Hoover, AL
## 0.14678899
## Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI
## 0.14754098
## Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA
## 0.14814815
## Trenton-Ewing, NJ
## 0.14814815
## Lexington-Fayette, KY
## 0.14838710
## San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
## 0.14922481
## Bellingham, WA
## 0.15000000
## Norwich-New London, CT-RI
## 0.15060241
## Lubbock, TX
## 0.15094340
## Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
## 0.15151515
## St. Cloud, MN
## 0.15151515
## Jackson, MS
## 0.15168539
## Dayton, OH
## 0.15207373
## Chattanooga, TN-GA
## 0.15217391
## Syracuse, NY
## 0.15428571
## New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA
## 0.15573586
## Columbia, SC
## 0.15600000
## Columbus, OH
## 0.15617716
## Memphis, TN-MS-AR
## 0.15714286
## Orlando, FL
## 0.16108787
## Warner Robins, GA
## 0.16216216
## Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH
## 0.16250000
## Columbia, MO
## 0.16279070
## Durham, NC
## 0.16326531
## Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL
## 0.16356589
## Indianapolis, IN
## 0.16371681
## Albuquerque, NM
## 0.16424116
## Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
## 0.16528926
## Amarillo, TX
## 0.16666667
## Anniston-Oxford, AL
## 0.16666667
## Athens-Clark County, GA
## 0.16666667
## Binghamton, NY
## 0.16666667
## Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ
## 0.16687737
## Green Bay, WI
## 0.16831683
## Bangor, ME
## 0.16860465
## Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI
## 0.16915688
## Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI
## 0.16923077
## Tuscaloosa, AL
## 0.16949153
## Rockford, IL
## 0.17021277
## Las Cruses, NM
## 0.17283951
## Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
## 0.17307692
## Huntsville, AL
## 0.17391304
## Utica-Rome, NY
## 0.17391304
## Fort Smith, AR-OK
## 0.17441860
## Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
## 0.17444717
## El Centro, CA
## 0.17567568
## Erie, PA
## 0.17567568
## Jackson, MI
## 0.17741935
## Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
## 0.17773788
## Springfield, MA-CT
## 0.17829457
## Reading, PA
## 0.17857143
## Vallejo-Fairfield, CA
## 0.17924528
## Salem, OR
## 0.17985612
## Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN
## 0.18112245
## Johnson City, TN
## 0.18181818
## Wichita, KS
## 0.18181818
## York-Hanover, PA
## 0.18181818
## Janesville, WI
## 0.18292683
## Lansing-East Lansing, MI
## 0.18348624
## Greensboro-High Point, NC
## 0.18357488
## Decatur, Al
## 0.18421053
## Albany, GA
## 0.18604651
## Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
## 0.18796992
## Charleston, WV
## 0.18834081
## Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
## 0.18918919
## Raleigh-Cary, NC
## 0.18959108
## Toledo, OH
## 0.18965517
## Spartanburg, SC
## 0.18987342
## Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
## 0.19077135
## Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA
## 0.19136961
## Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA
## 0.19191919
## Monroe, LA
## 0.19205298
## Dover, DE
## 0.19220056
## South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
## 0.19354839
## Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO
## 0.19393939
## Columbus, GA-AL
## 0.19607843
## Kingston, NY
## 0.19696970
## Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL
## 0.19767442
## Waterbury, CT
## 0.19852941
## Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR
## 0.19939577
## Springfield, MO
## 0.20000000
## Modesto, CA
## 0.20325203
## Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX
## 0.20439739
## Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
## 0.20657277
## Anderson, SC
## 0.20689655
## Midland, TX
## 0.21052632
## New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA
## 0.21088435
## Fresno, CA
## 0.21120690
## Lake Charles, LA
## 0.21739130
## Visalia-Porterville, CA
## 0.21782178
## San Antonio, TX
## 0.22004357
## Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
## 0.22222222
## Yakima, WA
## 0.22222222
## Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC
## 0.22448980
## Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA
## 0.22882883
## Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL
## 0.22916667
## Harrisonburg, VA
## 0.23287671
## Kankakee-Bradley, IL
## 0.23437500
## Beaumont-Port Author, TX
## 0.23469388
## Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH
## 0.23622047
## Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
## 0.23780488
## Farmington, NM
## 0.23913043
## Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX
## 0.24050633
## Waco, TX
## 0.24074074
## Montgomery, AL
## 0.24137931
## Tucson, AZ
## 0.24603175
## Lafayette, LA
## 0.24822695
## Joplin, MO
## 0.25000000
## Stockton, CA
## 0.25333333
## Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
## 0.25396825
## Lancaster, PA
## 0.26771654
## Bakersfield, CA
## 0.27218935
## Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ
## 0.27500000
## Lawton, OK
## 0.28000000
## Merced, CA
## 0.28358209
## Corpus Christi, TX
## 0.29702970
## El Paso, TX
## 0.30219780
## Springfield, OH
## 0.31034483
## Florence, AL
## 0.32075472
## Madera, CA
## 0.33333333
## Salinas, CA
## 0.34090909
## Laredo, TX
## 0.34426230
## Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
## 0.36363636
## Longview, TX
## 0.38297872
## McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX
## 0.38297872
## Macon, GA
## 0.40816327