Visual Analysis

Digit Span

Word Span

Scales Motivation

Scales Self-Efficacy Positive Statements

Scales Self-Efficacy Negative Statements

Scales Self-Efficacy All Statements

Session Duration

Tau-U

Digit Span Across All Participants

Baseline trend correction not required.

Value Score
Tau-U .972
z-Score 5.98
p-value < .001

Digit Span Individual and All Results

Baseline trend correction not required for any individual participant or the combined, weighted score.

Participant Tau-U Score
Stephanie 1.000
Madeleine .926
James .964
Tiffany 1.000
Combined Participant Score .972

Word Span

Baseline trend correction not required.

Value Score
Tau-U .986
z-Score 6.07
p-value < .001

Word Span Individual and All Results

Baseline trend correction not required for any individual participant or the combined, weighted score.

Participant Tau-U Score
Stephanie 1.000
Madeleine .982
James .964
Tiffany 1.000
Combined Participant Score .986

Motivation Scale

Baseline trend correction required.

Value Score
Tau-U .600
z-Score 3.681
p-value .0002

Self-Efficacy Scale Positive Statements

Baseline trend correction required.

Value Score
Tau-U .485
z-Score 2.973
p-value .003

Self-Efficacy Scale Negative Statements

Baseline trend correction required.

Value Score
Tau-U -0.580
z-Score -3.560
p-value .0004

Self-Efficacy Scale All Statements

Baseline trend correction required.

Value Score
Tau-U .7508
z-Score 4.603
p-value < .0001

Session Duration

Baseline trend correction not required.

Value Score
Tau-U .9714
z-Score 5.982
p-value < .001

Design Comparable Effect Size (D-CES)

Digit Span

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
2.274 .466 .437

Word Span

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
1.076 .434 .384

Motivation Scale

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
0.746 .266 .033

Self-Efficacy Scale Positive Statements

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
0.408 .249 .198

Self-Efficacy Scale Negative Statements

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
-0.635 .229 -0.144

Self-Efficacy All Statements Statements

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
.701 .268 -0.0033

Session Duration

D-CES Estimate Standard Error Autocorrelation Estimate
1.424 .481 .775

MLM

Digit Span Results

Value Score p-Value
Autocorrelation .373 -
Level 4.430 < .001
Slope 0.239 .084

Interpretation: The effect size isn’t particularly large, but the p-value is significant. The p-value for the change in slope is not significant.

Word Span Results

Value Score p-Value
Autocorrelation .274 -
Level 4.455 < .001
Slope 0.366 .027

Interpretation: The effect size isn’t particularly large, but the p-value is significant for both change in level and slope.

Ratio of Correct to Errored Responses

Values represent the average ratio of correct to incorrect responses between baseline and intervention phases.

Participant Baseline Phase Ratio Intervention Phase Ratio
Stephanie 4.945 7.180
Madeleine 3.614 6.209
James 2.900 3.441
Tiffany 4.246 5.654

Weighted Cohen’s Kappa Results

Analysis calculated with quadratic weights

K p 95% CI LL 95% CI UL
Value .861 < .001 .754 .968

WAI Results

Results per session

Participant Session Phase Average All Questions Average Negative Questions Average Positive Questions
Stephanie 1 Baseline 4.92 5.50 4.80
Stephanie 4 Baseline 6.73 6.00 6.80
Stephanie 5 Intervention 6.45 7.00 6.40
Stephanie 15 Intervention 6.58 7.00 6.50
James 1 Baseline 6.50 4.00 7.00
James 8 Baseline 7.00 7.00 7.00
James 9 Intervention 7.00 - 7.00
James 15 Intervention 5.82 1.00 6.89
Madeleine 1 Baseline 3.75 3.50 3.80
Madeleine 6 Baseline 4.90 - 4.90
Madeleine 7 Intervention 5.13 - 5.13
Madeleine 15 Intervention 5.40 2.00 5.78
Tiffany 1 Baseline 6.42 3.50 7.00
Tiffany 10 Baseline 5.83 7.00 5.60
Tiffany 11 Intervention 6.08 7.00 5.90
Tiffany 15 Intervention 6.25 7.00 6.10

Results per phase

Participant Baseline Average All Questions Intervention Average All Questions Baseline Average Negative Questions Intervention Average Negative Questions Baseline Average Positive Questions Intervention Average Positive Questions
Stephanie 5.82 6.52 5.75 7.00 5.80 6.45
Madeleine 6.75 6.41 5.50 1.00 7.00 6.94
James 4.33 5.26 3.50 2.00 4.35 5.45
Tiffany 6.13 6.17 5.25 7.00 6.30 6.00

Stephanie Phase Plot

James Phase Plot

Madeleine Phase Plot

Tiffany Phase Plot

Session Duration

Table

Values represent the average duration (in minutes) of sessions in both the baseline and intervention phases

Participant Average Baseline Phase Session Duration Average Intervention Phase Session Duration
Stephanie 40.50 95.45
Madeleine 33.50 56.00
James 17.88 37.86
Tiffany 24.50 120.00

Barplot

Lineplot

Task Analysis Results

All Line Plot

Stephanie Task Analysis Plot

Madeleine Task Analysis Plot

James Task Analysis Plot

Tiffany Task Analysis Plot

Task Analysis Summary

Participant Phase Steps Recalled Percentage
Stephanie Baseline Session 4 3 out of 22 13.64%
Stephanie Intervention Session 4 10 out of 22 45.45%
James Baseline Session 4 3 out of 22 13.64%
James Intervention Session 4 5 out of 22 22.73%
Madeleine Baseline Session 4 3 out of 22 13.64%
Madeleine Intervention Session 4 5 out of 22 22.73%
Tiffany Baseline Session 4 3 out of 22 13.64%
Tiffany Intervention Session 4 9 out of 22 40.91%

Homework Completion Averages

Summary

Participant Baseline Phase Homework Completion Percentage Intervention Phase Homework Completion Percentage Total Homework Completion Percentage
Stephanie 100% 100% 100%
Madeleine 100% 100% 100%
James 25% 100% 57%
Tiffany 70% 100% 79%

Line Plot

RCI for CATA

RCI scores with an absolute value greater than 1.96 are considered clinically significant.