corrplot
ggcorrplot
The ‘ggcorrplot’ package can be used to visualize easily a correlation matrix using ‘ggplot2’. It provides a solution for reordering the correlation matrix and displays the significance level on the plot. It also includes a function for computing a matrix of correlation p-values.
# Examples
#########################################
# Compute a correlation matrix
data(mtcars)
corr <- round(cor(mtcars), 1)
corr## mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
## mpg 1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.6
## cyl -0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.5
## disp -0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 -0.7 0.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 0.4
## hp -0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 -0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.7
## drat 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 1.0 -0.7 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.1
## wt -0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 -0.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.4
## qsec 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 1.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7
## vs 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 0.7 1.0 0.2 0.2 -0.6
## am 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 1.0 0.8 0.1
## gear 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.8 1.0 0.3
## carb -0.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.3 1.0# Compute a matrix of correlation p-values
p.mat <- cor_pmat(mtcars)
p.mat## mpg cyl disp hp drat
## mpg 0.000000e+00 6.112687e-10 9.380327e-10 1.787835e-07 1.776240e-05
## cyl 6.112687e-10 0.000000e+00 1.802838e-12 3.477861e-09 8.244636e-06
## disp 9.380327e-10 1.802838e-12 0.000000e+00 7.142679e-08 5.282022e-06
## hp 1.787835e-07 3.477861e-09 7.142679e-08 0.000000e+00 9.988772e-03
## drat 1.776240e-05 8.244636e-06 5.282022e-06 9.988772e-03 0.000000e+00
## wt 1.293959e-10 1.217567e-07 1.222320e-11 4.145827e-05 4.784260e-06
## qsec 1.708199e-02 3.660533e-04 1.314404e-02 5.766253e-06 6.195826e-01
## vs 3.415937e-05 1.843018e-08 5.235012e-06 2.940896e-06 1.167553e-02
## am 2.850207e-04 2.151207e-03 3.662114e-04 1.798309e-01 4.726790e-06
## gear 5.400948e-03 4.173297e-03 9.635921e-04 4.930119e-01 8.360110e-06
## carb 1.084446e-03 1.942340e-03 2.526789e-02 7.827810e-07 6.211834e-01
## wt qsec vs am gear
## mpg 1.293959e-10 1.708199e-02 3.415937e-05 2.850207e-04 5.400948e-03
## cyl 1.217567e-07 3.660533e-04 1.843018e-08 2.151207e-03 4.173297e-03
## disp 1.222320e-11 1.314404e-02 5.235012e-06 3.662114e-04 9.635921e-04
## hp 4.145827e-05 5.766253e-06 2.940896e-06 1.798309e-01 4.930119e-01
## drat 4.784260e-06 6.195826e-01 1.167553e-02 4.726790e-06 8.360110e-06
## wt 0.000000e+00 3.388683e-01 9.798492e-04 1.125440e-05 4.586601e-04
## qsec 3.388683e-01 0.000000e+00 1.029669e-06 2.056621e-01 2.425344e-01
## vs 9.798492e-04 1.029669e-06 0.000000e+00 3.570439e-01 2.579439e-01
## am 1.125440e-05 2.056621e-01 3.570439e-01 0.000000e+00 5.834043e-08
## gear 4.586601e-04 2.425344e-01 2.579439e-01 5.834043e-08 0.000000e+00
## carb 1.463861e-02 4.536949e-05 6.670496e-04 7.544526e-01 1.290291e-01
## carb
## mpg 1.084446e-03
## cyl 1.942340e-03
## disp 2.526789e-02
## hp 7.827810e-07
## drat 6.211834e-01
## wt 1.463861e-02
## qsec 4.536949e-05
## vs 6.670496e-04
## am 7.544526e-01
## gear 1.290291e-01
## carb 0.000000e+00# Visualize the correlation matrix# method = "square" or "circle"
ggcorrplot(corr)
ggcorrplot(corr, method = "circle")
# Reordering the correlation matrix
# --------------------------------
# using hierarchical clustering
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE, outline.col = "white")
# Types of correlogram layout# Get the lower triangle
# 4 ggcorrplot
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE, type = "lower",
outline.col = "white")
# Get the upeper triangle
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE, type = "upper",
outline.col = "white")
# Change colors and theme# Argument colors
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE, type = "lower",
outline.col = "white",
ggtheme = ggplot2::theme_gray,
colors = c("#6D9EC1", "white", "#E46726"))
# Add correlation coefficients# argument lab = TRUE
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE, type = "lower",
lab = TRUE)
# Add correlation significance level# Argument p.mat
# Barring the no significant coefficient
ggcorrplot(corr, hc.order = TRUE,
type = "lower", p.mat = p.mat)
# Leave blank on no significant coefficient
ggcorrplot(corr, p.mat = p.mat, hc.order = TRUE,
type = "lower", insig = "blank")