Problem Set 3 - ggplot2 basics

Directions

During ANLY 512 we will be studying the theory and practice of data visualization. We will be using R and the packages within R to assemble data and construct many different types of visualizations. We begin by studying some of the theoretical aspects of visualization. To do that we must appreciate the basic steps in the process of making a visualization.

The objective of this assignment is to complete and explain basic plots before moving on to more complicated ways to graph data.

A couple of tips, remember that there may be pre-processing involved in your graphics so you may have to do summaries or calculations to prepare, those should be included in your work.
To ensure accuracy pay close attention to axes and labels, you will be evaluated based on the accuracy and expository nature of your graphics. Make sure your axis labels are easy to understand and are comprised of full words with units if necessary.

Each question is worth 5 points.

To submit this homework you will create the document in Rstudio, using the knitr package (button included in Rstudio) and then submit the document to your Rpubs account. Once uploaded you will submit the link to that document on Canvas. Please make sure that this link is hyper linked and that I can see the visualization and the code required to create it.

Questions

Using data from the nasaweather package, create a scatter plot between wind and pressure, with color being used to distinguish the type of storm.

storm_data = storms %>%
  select(wind, pressure, type) %>%
  group_by(type)

ggplot(storm_data, aes(wind, pressure, color = type)) +
  geom_point() +
  labs(title = 'Scatter Plot Between Wind & Pressure Based on Storm Type',
    col = 'Type', x = 'Wind', y = 'Pressure')

Use the MLB_teams data in the mdsr package to create an informative data graphic that illustrates the relationship between winning percentage and payroll in context.

ggplot(MLB_teams, aes(x = payroll/1000000, y = WPct*100)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = 'lm') +
  labs(title = 'Relationship Between Payroll & Winning Percentage',
       x = 'Payroll ($ in Millions)', 
       y = 'Winning Percentage (%)') +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

The RailTrail data set from the mosaicData package describes the usage of a rail trail in Western Massachusetts. Use these data to answer the following questions.

Create a scatterplot of the number of crossings per day volume against the high temperature that day
Separate your plot into facets by weekday (an indicator of weekend/holiday vs. weekday)
Add regression lines to the two facets

#Part a
RailTrail %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = volume , y = hightemp)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = 'lm') + 
  labs(title = 'High Temperature per Day VS Number of Crossings', 
       x = 'Number of Crossings per Day',
       y = 'Highest Temperature (Degree F)') +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

#Parts b & c
RailTrail_data = RailTrail %>%
  mutate(weekday_l = factor(weekday,
                              levels = c(TRUE, FALSE),
                              labels = c('Weekday', 'Weekend')
                              )
         )

RailTrail_data %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = volume, y = hightemp)) +
    geom_point() +
    geom_smooth(method = 'lm') +
    facet_wrap(~weekday_l, ncol = 2) +
    labs(title = 'High Temperature per Day VS Number of Crossings',
      x = 'Number of Crossings per Day',
      y = 'Highest Temperature (Degree F)') +
   theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

Using data from the nasaweather package, use the geom_path function to plot the path of each tropical storm in the storms data table. Use color to distinguish the storms from one another, and use faceting to plot each year in its own panel.

s_data = storms %>% filter(type == 'Tropical Storm')

s_data %>% ggplot(aes(x = lat, y = long)) +
  geom_path(aes(color = name)) +
  facet_wrap(~year, nrow = 3) +
  labs(title = 'Path of Tropical Storms',
       x = 'Longitude',
       y = 'Latitude') +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

Using the penguins data set from the palmerpenguins package.

Create a scatterplot of bill_length_mm against bill_depth_mm where individual species are colored and a regression line is added to each species. Add regression lines to all of your facets. What do you observe about the association of bill depth and bill length?
Repeat the same scatterplot but now separate your plot into facets by species. How would you summarize the association between bill depth and bill length.

#Part a
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = bill_length_mm, y = bill_depth_mm, color = species, fill = species)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = 'lm') +
  labs(title = 'Bill Length VS Bill Depth (By Penguin Species)',
       x = 'Bill Length (mm)',
       y = 'Bill Depth (mm)') +
   theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

#Observation: Based on the plot, we can say that there is a direct relationship between the bill depth and the bill length, as bill depth increases with an increase in bill length. For all the three species, all the data points are closely spaced around the regression line. Among all the three species, 'Adelie' represents the highest variance.  

#Part b
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = bill_length_mm, y = bill_depth_mm, color = species, fill = species)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = 'lm') +
  facet_wrap(~species) +
  labs(title = 'Bill Length VS Bill Depth (By Penguin Species)',
       x = 'Bill Length (mm)',
       y = 'Bill Depth (mm)') +
   theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

#Observation: Based on the facet view, we can observe that the bill depth for 'Adelie' and 'Chinstrap' species are almost in the same range compared to the 'Gentoo' species. And when it comes to bill length, the 'Chinstrap' and 'Gentoo' species have their values in the range of 40-60mm, whereas the 'Adelie' species has its value in the range of 30-47mm.

Problem Set 3 - `ggplot2` basics

Basic Visualization Process

Vaibhav Nigam

2023-02-18

Directions

Questions