U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) storm data base: damages to population health, properties, and crops

Author
Affiliations
Francisco Pablo Huascar Aragão Pinheiro

Universidade Federal do Ceará

Data Science Specialization - Coursera

Synopsis

This assignment is part of the reproducible research course from Coursera and was supposed to be written in English. As English is not my native language, I apologize in advance for any mistakes.

From the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) data, we analyzed the impact of catastrophic events on population health, property, and crops. Initially, we recoded the data related to the variable “evtype” (the type of extreme weather event) so that there was greater accuracy concerning the events studied. Then, we made a time series to evaluate the occurrence of injuries and fatalities over the period available in the data. Finally, we assessed the most harmful events to the health of the U.S. population and those that caused the most significant economic damage.

Packages and configurations

Sys.setlocale("LC_ALL","English")
[1] "LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252;LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252;LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252;LC_NUMERIC=C;LC_TIME=English_United States.1252"
library(tidyverse)
library(janitor)
library(lubridate)
require(maps)
require(viridis)
library(patchwork)
library(kableExtra)

Data Processing

Importing

Initially, we downloaded the data from the link indicated on the Coursera website and then save it in a tibble called noaa_data. We use the clean_names function from the janitor package, so we don’t have to deal with capitalized words.

if(!file.exists("./data")){dir.create("./data")}

url <- 
  "https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/repdata%2Fdata%2FStormData.csv.bz2"

destfile <- "./data/StormData.csv.bz2"

download.file(url = url,
              destfile = destfile)
noaa_data <- 
  read_csv("./data/StormData.csv.bz2") %>% 
  clean_names()
Rows: 902297 Columns: 37
-- Column specification --------------------------------------------------------
Delimiter: ","
chr (18): BGN_DATE, BGN_TIME, TIME_ZONE, COUNTYNAME, STATE, EVTYPE, BGN_AZI,...
dbl (18): STATE__, COUNTY, BGN_RANGE, COUNTY_END, END_RANGE, LENGTH, WIDTH, ...
lgl  (1): COUNTYENDN

i Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
i Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

We took an initial look at the data to see which variables would help answer the questions posed in this assignment. We decided to select the variables indicated below. In addition to the obvious variables to deal with the theme, we kept those that could help localize the events along the U.S. and allow us to make a time series. We prepared the variables for analysis, particularly evtype, whose encoding was messy. From the website of the National Severe Storms Laboratory - NOAA (https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/), we gather information to try to make a better encoding. To do so, we use the text patterns in the existing categories and check others categories with high fatalities or injuries that were not cataloged as severe weather. To one can be able to evaluate the new encoding, we kept the evtype variable and created a new one called evtype_rcd. We also made the cleaned exponent variables and calculated new variables for property and crop damage. Finally, we assessed missing values in the variables of interest.

  • bgn_date - date the event occurred;
  • state_2 - State where the event occurred;
  • evtype - The type of extreme weather event;
  • injuries - The number of injuries associated with the event;
  • fatalities - The number of fatalities associated with the event;
  • propdmg - Significant digits for the amount of proprety damage;
  • propdmgexp - Magnitude of the property damage (dollars);
  • cropdmg - Significant figures for the amount of crop damage;
  • cropdmgexp - Magnitude of the crop damage (dollars).
noaa_data %>% 
  glimpse()
Rows: 902,297
Columns: 37
$ state       <dbl> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1~
$ bgn_date    <chr> "4/18/1950 0:00:00", "4/18/1950 0:00:00", "2/20/1951 0:00:~
$ bgn_time    <chr> "0130", "0145", "1600", "0900", "1500", "2000", "0100", "0~
$ time_zone   <chr> "CST", "CST", "CST", "CST", "CST", "CST", "CST", "CST", "C~
$ county      <dbl> 97, 3, 57, 89, 43, 77, 9, 123, 125, 57, 43, 9, 73, 49, 107~
$ countyname  <chr> "MOBILE", "BALDWIN", "FAYETTE", "MADISON", "CULLMAN", "LAU~
$ state_2     <chr> "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL"~
$ evtype      <chr> "TORNADO", "TORNADO", "TORNADO", "TORNADO", "TORNADO", "TO~
$ bgn_range   <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ bgn_azi     <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ bgn_locati  <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ end_date    <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ end_time    <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ county_end  <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ countyendn  <lgl> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ end_range   <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ end_azi     <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ end_locati  <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ length      <dbl> 14.0, 2.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5, 1.5, 0.0, 3.3, 2.3, 1.3, 4.~
$ width       <dbl> 100, 150, 123, 100, 150, 177, 33, 33, 100, 100, 400, 400, ~
$ f           <dbl> 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1~
$ mag         <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ fatalities  <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ injuries    <dbl> 15, 0, 2, 2, 2, 6, 1, 0, 14, 0, 3, 3, 26, 12, 6, 50, 2, 0,~
$ propdmg     <dbl> 25.0, 2.5, 25.0, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 25.0, 25.0, 2.5,~
$ propdmgexp  <chr> "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "K", "M", "M"~
$ cropdmg     <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0~
$ cropdmgexp  <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ wfo         <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ stateoffic  <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ zonenames   <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ latitude    <dbl> 3040, 3042, 3340, 3458, 3412, 3450, 3405, 3255, 3334, 3336~
$ longitude   <dbl> 8812, 8755, 8742, 8626, 8642, 8748, 8631, 8558, 8740, 8738~
$ latitude_e  <dbl> 3051, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3336, 3337, 3402, 3404, 0, 3432~
$ longitude_2 <dbl> 8806, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 8738, 8737, 8644, 8640, 0, 8540~
$ remarks     <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA~
$ refnum      <dbl> 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,~
noaa_data %>% 
  group_by(evtype) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(fatalities)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total))%>%
  kable() %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "50%", height = "200px")
evtype total
TORNADO 5633
EXCESSIVE HEAT 1903
FLASH FLOOD 978
HEAT 937
LIGHTNING 816
TSTM WIND 504
FLOOD 470
RIP CURRENT 368
HIGH WIND 248
AVALANCHE 224
WINTER STORM 206
RIP CURRENTS 204
HEAT WAVE 172
EXTREME COLD 160
THUNDERSTORM WIND 133
HEAVY SNOW 127
EXTREME COLD/WIND CHILL 125
STRONG WIND 103
BLIZZARD 101
HIGH SURF 101
HEAVY RAIN 98
EXTREME HEAT 96
COLD/WIND CHILL 95
ICE STORM 89
WILDFIRE 75
HURRICANE/TYPHOON 64
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 64
FOG 62
HURRICANE 61
TROPICAL STORM 58
HEAVY SURF/HIGH SURF 42
LANDSLIDE 38
COLD 35
HIGH WINDS 35
TSUNAMI 33
WINTER WEATHER 33
UNSEASONABLY WARM AND DRY 29
URBAN/SML STREAM FLD 28
WINTER WEATHER/MIX 28
TORNADOES, TSTM WIND, HAIL 25
WIND 23
DUST STORM 22
FLASH FLOODING 19
DENSE FOG 18
EXTREME WINDCHILL 17
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD 17
RECORD/EXCESSIVE HEAT 17
HAIL 15
COLD AND SNOW 14
FLASH FLOOD/FLOOD 14
MARINE STRONG WIND 14
STORM SURGE 13
WILD/FOREST FIRE 12
STORM SURGE/TIDE 11
UNSEASONABLY WARM 11
MARINE THUNDERSTORM WIND 10
WINTER STORMS 10
MARINE TSTM WIND 9
ROUGH SEAS 8
TROPICAL STORM GORDON 8
FREEZING RAIN 7
GLAZE 7
HEAVY SURF 7
LOW TEMPERATURE 7
MARINE MISHAP 7
STRONG WINDS 7
FLOODING 6
HURRICANE ERIN 6
ICE 6
COLD WEATHER 5
FLASH FLOODING/FLOOD 5
HEAT WAVES 5
HIGH SEAS 5
ICY ROADS 5
RIP CURRENTS/HEAVY SURF 5
SNOW 5
TSTM WIND/HAIL 5
GUSTY WINDS 4
HEAT WAVE DROUGHT 4
HIGH WIND/SEAS 4
Hypothermia/Exposure 4
Mudslide 4
RAIN/SNOW 4
ROUGH SURF 4
SNOW AND ICE 4
COASTAL FLOOD 3
COASTAL STORM 3
COLD WAVE 3
Cold 3
DRY MICROBURST 3
HEAVY SEAS 3
HIGH WATER 3
HIGH WIND AND SEAS 3
HIGH WINDS/SNOW 3
HYPOTHERMIA/EXPOSURE 3
Heavy surf and wind 3
High Surf 3
WATERSPOUT 3
WATERSPOUT/TORNADO 3
WILD FIRES 3
Coastal Flooding 2
Cold Temperature 2
DROUGHT/EXCESSIVE HEAT 2
DUST DEVIL 2
EXCESSIVE RAINFALL 2
Extreme Cold 2
FLASH FLOODS 2
FREEZING DRIZZLE 2
HEAVY SNOW AND HIGH WINDS 2
HURRICANE OPAL/HIGH WINDS 2
MIXED PRECIP 2
RECORD HEAT 2
RIVER FLOOD 2
RIVER FLOODING 2
SLEET 2
SNOW SQUALL 2
UNSEASONABLY COLD 2
AVALANCE 1
BLACK ICE 1
BLOWING SNOW 1
COASTAL FLOODING 1
COASTALSTORM 1
COLD/WINDS 1
DROWNING 1
Extended Cold 1
FALLING SNOW/ICE 1
FLOOD & HEAVY RAIN 1
FLOOD/RIVER FLOOD 1
FOG AND COLD TEMPERATURES 1
FREEZE 1
FREEZING RAIN/SNOW 1
FROST 1
Freezing Spray 1
GUSTY WIND 1
HIGH SWELLS 1
HIGH WAVES 1
HURRICANE FELIX 1
HURRICANE OPAL 1
HYPERTHERMIA/EXPOSURE 1
HYPOTHERMIA 1
Heavy Surf 1
ICE ON ROAD 1
LANDSLIDES 1
LIGHT SNOW 1
LIGHTNING. 1
MARINE HIGH WIND 1
MINOR FLOODING 1
Marine Accident 1
Mudslides 1
RAIN/WIND 1
RAPIDLY RISING WATER 1
RECORD COLD 1
SNOW/ BITTER COLD 1
Snow Squalls 1
Strong Winds 1
THUNDERSNOW 1
THUNDERSTORM 1
THUNDERSTORM WIND (G40) 1
THUNDERSTORM WIND G52 1
THUNDERTORM WINDS 1
TSTM WIND (G35) 1
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOODIN 1
WIND STORM 1
WINDS 1
WINTER STORM HIGH WINDS 1
WINTRY MIX 1
Whirlwind 1
blowing snow 1
? 0
ABNORMAL WARMTH 0
ABNORMALLY DRY 0
ABNORMALLY WET 0
ACCUMULATED SNOWFALL 0
AGRICULTURAL FREEZE 0
APACHE COUNTY 0
ASTRONOMICAL HIGH TIDE 0
ASTRONOMICAL LOW TIDE 0
BEACH EROSIN 0
BEACH EROSION 0
BEACH EROSION/COASTAL FLOOD 0
BEACH FLOOD 0
BELOW NORMAL PRECIPITATION 0
BITTER WIND CHILL 0
BITTER WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES 0
BLIZZARD AND EXTREME WIND CHIL 0
BLIZZARD AND HEAVY SNOW 0
BLIZZARD WEATHER 0
BLIZZARD/FREEZING RAIN 0
BLIZZARD/HEAVY SNOW 0
BLIZZARD/HIGH WIND 0
BLIZZARD/WINTER STORM 0
BLOW-OUT TIDE 0
BLOW-OUT TIDES 0
BLOWING DUST 0
BLOWING SNOW & EXTREME WIND CH 0
BLOWING SNOW- EXTREME WIND CHI 0
BLOWING SNOW/EXTREME WIND CHIL 0
BREAKUP FLOODING 0
BRUSH FIRE 0
BRUSH FIRES 0
Beach Erosion 0
Black Ice 0
Blizzard Summary 0
Blowing Snow 0
COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION 0
COASTAL EROSION 0
COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION 0
COASTAL SURGE 0
COASTAL/TIDAL FLOOD 0
COASTALFLOOD 0
COLD AIR FUNNEL 0
COLD AIR FUNNELS 0
COLD AIR TORNADO 0
COLD AND FROST 0
COLD AND WET CONDITIONS 0
COLD TEMPERATURES 0
COLD WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES 0
COOL AND WET 0
COOL SPELL 0
CSTL FLOODING/EROSION 0
Coastal Flood 0
Coastal Storm 0
Cold and Frost 0
DAM BREAK 0
DAM FAILURE 0
DAMAGING FREEZE 0
DEEP HAIL 0
DENSE SMOKE 0
DOWNBURST 0
DOWNBURST WINDS 0
DRIEST MONTH 0
DROUGHT 0
DRY 0
DRY CONDITIONS 0
DRY HOT WEATHER 0
DRY MICROBURST 50 0
DRY MICROBURST 53 0
DRY MICROBURST 58 0
DRY MICROBURST 61 0
DRY MICROBURST 84 0
DRY MICROBURST WINDS 0
DRY MIRCOBURST WINDS 0
DRY PATTERN 0
DRY SPELL 0
DRY WEATHER 0
DRYNESS 0
DUST DEVEL 0
DUST DEVIL WATERSPOUT 0
DUST STORM/HIGH WINDS 0
DUSTSTORM 0
Damaging Freeze 0
Drifting Snow 0
Dust Devil 0
EARLY FREEZE 0
EARLY FROST 0
EARLY RAIN 0
EARLY SNOW 0
EARLY SNOWFALL 0
EXCESSIVE 0
EXCESSIVE HEAT/DROUGHT 0
EXCESSIVE PRECIPITATION 0
EXCESSIVE RAIN 0
EXCESSIVE SNOW 0
EXCESSIVE WETNESS 0
EXCESSIVELY DRY 0
EXTREME WIND CHILL 0
EXTREME WIND CHILL/BLOWING SNO 0
EXTREME WIND CHILLS 0
EXTREME WINDCHILL TEMPERATURES 0
EXTREME/RECORD COLD 0
EXTREMELY WET 0
Early Frost 0
Early snowfall 0
Erosion/Cstl Flood 0
Excessive Cold 0
FIRST FROST 0
FIRST SNOW 0
FLASH FLOOD - HEAVY RAIN 0
FLASH FLOOD FROM ICE JAMS 0
FLASH FLOOD LANDSLIDES 0
FLASH FLOOD WINDS 0
FLASH FLOOD/ 0
FLASH FLOOD/ FLOOD 0
FLASH FLOOD/ STREET 0
FLASH FLOOD/HEAVY RAIN 0
FLASH FLOOD/LANDSLIDE 0
FLASH FLOODING/THUNDERSTORM WI 0
FLASH FLOOODING 0
FLOOD FLASH 0
FLOOD FLOOD/FLASH 0
FLOOD WATCH/ 0
FLOOD/FLASH 0
FLOOD/FLASH FLOODING 0
FLOOD/FLASH/FLOOD 0
FLOOD/FLASHFLOOD 0
FLOOD/RAIN/WIND 0
FLOOD/RAIN/WINDS 0
FLOODING/HEAVY RAIN 0
FLOODS 0
FOREST FIRES 0
FREEZING DRIZZLE AND FREEZING 0
FREEZING FOG 0
FREEZING RAIN AND SLEET 0
FREEZING RAIN AND SNOW 0
FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND 0
FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND LIGHT 0
FREEZING RAIN/SLEET 0
FROST/FREEZE 0
FROST\FREEZE 0
FUNNEL 0
FUNNEL CLOUD 0
FUNNEL CLOUD. 0
FUNNEL CLOUD/HAIL 0
FUNNEL CLOUDS 0
FUNNELS 0
Flood 0
Flood/Flash Flood 0
Flood/Strong Wind 0
Freeze 0
Freezing Drizzle 0
Freezing Fog 0
Freezing Rain 0
Freezing drizzle 0
Freezing rain 0
Frost 0
Frost/Freeze 0
Funnel Cloud 0
GLAZE ICE 0
GLAZE/ICE STORM 0
GRADIENT WIND 0
GRADIENT WINDS 0
GRASS FIRES 0
GROUND BLIZZARD 0
GUSTNADO 0
GUSTNADO AND 0
GUSTY LAKE WIND 0
GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WIND 0
GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
GUSTY WIND/HAIL 0
GUSTY WIND/HVY RAIN 0
Glaze 0
Gradient wind 0
Gusty Wind 0
Gusty Winds 0
Gusty wind/rain 0
Gusty winds 0
HAIL 0.75 0
HAIL 0.88 0
HAIL 075 0
HAIL 088 0
HAIL 1.00 0
HAIL 1.75 0
HAIL 1.75) 0
HAIL 100 0
HAIL 125 0
HAIL 150 0
HAIL 175 0
HAIL 200 0
HAIL 225 0
HAIL 275 0
HAIL 450 0
HAIL 75 0
HAIL 80 0
HAIL 88 0
HAIL ALOFT 0
HAIL DAMAGE 0
HAIL FLOODING 0
HAIL STORM 0
HAIL/ICY ROADS 0
HAIL/WIND 0
HAIL/WINDS 0
HAILSTORM 0
HAILSTORMS 0
HARD FREEZE 0
HAZARDOUS SURF 0
HEAT DROUGHT 0
HEAT/DROUGHT 0
HEAVY LAKE SNOW 0
HEAVY MIX 0
HEAVY PRECIPATATION 0
HEAVY PRECIPITATION 0
HEAVY RAIN AND FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN EFFECTS 0
HEAVY RAIN/FLOODING 0
HEAVY RAIN/LIGHTNING 0
HEAVY RAIN/MUDSLIDES/FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN/SEVERE WEATHER 0
HEAVY RAIN/SMALL STREAM URBAN 0
HEAVY RAIN/SNOW 0
HEAVY RAIN/URBAN FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN/WIND 0
HEAVY RAIN; URBAN FLOOD WINDS; 0
HEAVY RAINFALL 0
HEAVY RAINS 0
HEAVY RAINS/FLOODING 0
HEAVY SHOWER 0
HEAVY SHOWERS 0
HEAVY SNOW FREEZING RAIN 0
HEAVY SNOW & ICE 0
HEAVY SNOW AND 0
HEAVY SNOW AND ICE 0
HEAVY SNOW AND ICE STORM 0
HEAVY SNOW AND STRONG WINDS 0
HEAVY SNOW ANDBLOWING SNOW 0
HEAVY SNOW SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW-SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD 0
HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD/AVALANCHE 0
HEAVY SNOW/BLOWING SNOW 0
HEAVY SNOW/FREEZING RAIN 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WIND 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS & FLOOD 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS/FREEZING 0
HEAVY SNOW/ICE 0
HEAVY SNOW/ICE STORM 0
HEAVY SNOW/SLEET 0
HEAVY SNOW/SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW/WIND 0
HEAVY SNOW/WINTER STORM 0
HEAVY SNOWPACK 0
HEAVY SURF COASTAL FLOODING 0
HEAVY SWELLS 0
HEAVY WET SNOW 0
HIGH 0
HIGH SWELLS 0
HIGH WINDS 0
HIGH SURF ADVISORIES 0
HIGH SURF ADVISORY 0
HIGH TEMPERATURE RECORD 0
HIGH TIDES 0
HIGH WIND (G40) 0
HIGH WIND 48 0
HIGH WIND 63 0
HIGH WIND 70 0
HIGH WIND AND HEAVY SNOW 0
HIGH WIND AND HIGH TIDES 0
HIGH WIND DAMAGE 0
HIGH WIND/ BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD/FREEZING RA 0
HIGH WIND/HEAVY SNOW 0
HIGH WIND/LOW WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL/BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WINDS 55 0
HIGH WINDS 57 0
HIGH WINDS 58 0
HIGH WINDS 63 0
HIGH WINDS 66 0
HIGH WINDS 67 0
HIGH WINDS 73 0
HIGH WINDS 76 0
HIGH WINDS 80 0
HIGH WINDS 82 0
HIGH WINDS AND WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WINDS DUST STORM 0
HIGH WINDS HEAVY RAINS 0
HIGH WINDS/ 0
HIGH WINDS/COASTAL FLOOD 0
HIGH WINDS/COLD 0
HIGH WINDS/FLOODING 0
HIGH WINDS/HEAVY RAIN 0
HIGHWAY FLOODING 0
HOT PATTERN 0
HOT SPELL 0
HOT WEATHER 0
HOT/DRY PATTERN 0
HURRICANE EMILY 0
HURRICANE GORDON 0
HURRICANE-GENERATED SWELLS 0
HVY RAIN 0
Hail(0.75) 0
Heat Wave 0
Heatburst 0
Heavy Precipitation 0
Heavy Rain 0
Heavy Rain and Wind 0
Heavy Rain/High Surf 0
Heavy rain 0
Heavy snow shower 0
High Wind 0
Hot and Dry 0
Hurricane Edouard 0
ICE AND SNOW 0
ICE FLOES 0
ICE JAM 0
ICE JAM FLOODING 0
ICE PELLETS 0
ICE ROADS 0
ICE STORM AND SNOW 0
ICE STORM/FLASH FLOOD 0
ICE/SNOW 0
ICE/STRONG WINDS 0
Ice Fog 0
Ice jam flood (minor 0
Ice/Snow 0
Icestorm/Blizzard 0
Icy Roads 0
LACK OF SNOW 0
LAKE EFFECT SNOW 0
LAKE FLOOD 0
LAKE-EFFECT SNOW 0
LAKESHORE FLOOD 0
LANDSLIDE/URBAN FLOOD 0
LANDSLUMP 0
LANDSPOUT 0
LARGE WALL CLOUD 0
LATE FREEZE 0
LATE SEASON HAIL 0
LATE SEASON SNOW 0
LATE SNOW 0
LIGHT FREEZING RAIN 0
LIGHT SNOW AND SLEET 0
LIGHT SNOW/FREEZING PRECIP 0
LIGHTING 0
LIGHTNING WAUSEON 0
LIGHTNING AND HEAVY RAIN 0
LIGHTNING AND THUNDERSTORM WIN 0
LIGHTNING AND WINDS 0
LIGHTNING DAMAGE 0
LIGHTNING FIRE 0
LIGHTNING INJURY 0
LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDSS 0
LIGHTNING/HEAVY RAIN 0
LIGNTNING 0
LOCAL FLASH FLOOD 0
LOCAL FLOOD 0
LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN 0
LOW TEMPERATURE RECORD 0
LOW WIND CHILL 0
Lake Effect Snow 0
Landslump 0
Late Season Snowfall 0
Late-season Snowfall 0
Light Snow 0
Light Snow/Flurries 0
Light Snowfall 0
Light snow 0
MAJOR FLOOD 0
MARINE HAIL 0
MICROBURST 0
MICROBURST WINDS 0
MILD PATTERN 0
MILD/DRY PATTERN 0
MINOR FLOOD 0
MIXED PRECIPITATION 0
MODERATE SNOW 0
MODERATE SNOWFALL 0
MONTHLY PRECIPITATION 0
MONTHLY RAINFALL 0
MONTHLY SNOWFALL 0
MONTHLY TEMPERATURE 0
MUD SLIDE 0
MUD SLIDES 0
MUD SLIDES URBAN FLOODING 0
MUD/ROCK SLIDE 0
MUDSLIDE 0
MUDSLIDE/LANDSLIDE 0
MUDSLIDES 0
Metro Storm, May 26 0
Microburst 0
Mild and Dry Pattern 0
Minor Flooding 0
Mixed Precipitation 0
Monthly Rainfall 0
Monthly Snowfall 0
Mountain Snows 0
NEAR RECORD SNOW 0
NON SEVERE HAIL 0
NON TSTM WIND 0
NON-SEVERE WIND DAMAGE 0
NON-TSTM WIND 0
NONE 0
NORMAL PRECIPITATION 0
NORTHERN LIGHTS 0
No Severe Weather 0
OTHER 0
Other 0
PATCHY DENSE FOG 0
PATCHY ICE 0
PROLONG COLD 0
PROLONG COLD/SNOW 0
PROLONG WARMTH 0
PROLONGED RAIN 0
Prolong Cold 0
RAIN 0
RAIN (HEAVY) 0
RAIN AND WIND 0
RAINSTORM 0
RECORD COLD 0
RECORD COLD AND HIGH WIND 0
RECORD COLD/FROST 0
RECORD COOL 0
RECORD DRYNESS 0
RECORD HEAT WAVE 0
RECORD HIGH 0
RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURE 0
RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURES 0
RECORD LOW 0
RECORD LOW RAINFALL 0
RECORD PRECIPITATION 0
RECORD RAINFALL 0
RECORD SNOW 0
RECORD SNOW/COLD 0
RECORD SNOWFALL 0
RECORD TEMPERATURE 0
RECORD TEMPERATURES 0
RECORD WARM 0
RECORD WARM TEMPS. 0
RECORD WARMTH 0
RECORD/EXCESSIVE RAINFALL 0
RED FLAG CRITERIA 0
RED FLAG FIRE WX 0
REMNANTS OF FLOYD 0
RIP CURRENTS HEAVY SURF 0
RIVER AND STREAM FLOOD 0
ROCK SLIDE 0
ROGUE WAVE 0
ROTATING WALL CLOUD 0
RURAL FLOOD 0
Rain Damage 0
Record Cold 0
Record Heat 0
Record High 0
Record May Snow 0
Record Temperatures 0
Record Warmth 0
Record Winter Snow 0
Record dry month 0
Record temperature 0
River Flooding 0
SAHARAN DUST 0
SEICHE 0
SEVERE COLD 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS 0
SEVERE TURBULENCE 0
SLEET & FREEZING RAIN 0
SLEET STORM 0
SLEET/FREEZING RAIN 0
SLEET/ICE STORM 0
SLEET/RAIN/SNOW 0
SLEET/SNOW 0
SMALL HAIL 0
SMALL STREAM 0
SMALL STREAM AND 0
SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOODIN 0
SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM FLOODING 0
SMALL STREAM URBAN FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM/URBAN FLOOD 0
SMOKE 0
SNOW ACCUMULATION 0
SNOW ADVISORY 0
SNOW AND COLD 0
SNOW AND HEAVY SNOW 0
SNOW AND ICE STORM 0
SNOW AND SLEET 0
SNOW AND WIND 0
SNOW DROUGHT 0
SNOW FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW SHOWERS 0
SNOW SLEET 0
SNOW SQUALLS 0
SNOW- HIGH WIND- WIND CHILL 0
SNOW/ ICE 0
SNOW/BLOWING SNOW 0
SNOW/COLD 0
SNOW/FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW/HEAVY SNOW 0
SNOW/HIGH WINDS 0
SNOW/ICE 0
SNOW/ICE STORM 0
SNOW/RAIN 0
SNOW/RAIN/SLEET 0
SNOW/SLEET 0
SNOW/SLEET/FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW/SLEET/RAIN 0
SNOWFALL RECORD 0
SNOWMELT FLOODING 0
SNOWSTORM 0
SNOW\COLD 0
SOUTHEAST 0
STORM FORCE WINDS 0
STREAM FLOODING 0
STREET FLOOD 0
STREET FLOODING 0
STRONG WIND GUST 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 24-25 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 27 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 29 0
Saharan Dust 0
Seasonal Snowfall 0
Small Hail 0
Sml Stream Fld 0
Snow 0
Snow Accumulation 0
Snow and Ice 0
Snow and sleet 0
Snow squalls 0
Strong Wind 0
Strong winds 0
Summary August 10 0
Summary August 11 0
Summary August 17 0
Summary August 2-3 0
Summary August 21 0
Summary August 28 0
Summary August 4 0
Summary August 7 0
Summary August 9 0
Summary Jan 17 0
Summary July 23-24 0
Summary June 18-19 0
Summary June 5-6 0
Summary June 6 0
Summary Sept. 25-26 0
Summary September 20 0
Summary September 23 0
Summary September 3 0
Summary September 4 0
Summary of April 12 0
Summary of April 13 0
Summary of April 21 0
Summary of April 27 0
Summary of April 3rd 0
Summary of August 1 0
Summary of July 11 0
Summary of July 2 0
Summary of July 22 0
Summary of July 26 0
Summary of July 29 0
Summary of July 3 0
Summary of June 10 0
Summary of June 11 0
Summary of June 12 0
Summary of June 13 0
Summary of June 15 0
Summary of June 16 0
Summary of June 18 0
Summary of June 23 0
Summary of June 24 0
Summary of June 3 0
Summary of June 30 0
Summary of June 4 0
Summary of June 6 0
Summary of March 14 0
Summary of March 23 0
Summary of March 24 0
Summary of May 10 0
Summary of May 13 0
Summary of May 14 0
Summary of May 22 0
Summary of May 22 am 0
Summary of May 22 pm 0
Summary of May 26 am 0
Summary of May 26 pm 0
Summary of May 31 am 0
Summary of May 31 pm 0
Summary of May 9-10 0
Summary: Nov. 16 0
Summary: Nov. 6-7 0
Summary: Oct. 20-21 0
Summary: October 31 0
Summary: Sept. 18 0
THUDERSTORM WINDS 0
THUNDEERSTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERESTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE 0
THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE TO 0
THUNDERSTORM HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM W INDS 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 50 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 52 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 56 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH. 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 60 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 65 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 65MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 69 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 98 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G50 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G51 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G55 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G60 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G61 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND TREES 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND. 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREE 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREES 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/AWNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/LIGHTNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS LE CEN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 13 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 2 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 50 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 52 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 53 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 60 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 61 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 62 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 63 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS AND 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS FUNNEL CLOU 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS G 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS G60 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS HEAVY RAIN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS LIGHTNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS SMALL STREA 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS URBAN FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS. 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLASH FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLOODING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FUNNEL CLOU 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HEAVY RAIN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS53 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDSHAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDSS 0
THUNDERSTORM WINS 0
THUNDERSTORMS 0
THUNDERSTORMS WIND 0
THUNDERSTORMS WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORMW 0
THUNDERSTORMW 50 0
THUNDERSTORMW WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0
THUNDERSTROM WIND 0
THUNDERSTROM WINDS 0
THUNDERTSORM WIND 0
THUNDESTORM WINDS 0
THUNERSTORM WINDS 0
TIDAL FLOOD 0
TIDAL FLOODING 0
TORNADO DEBRIS 0
TORNADO F0 0
TORNADO F1 0
TORNADO F2 0
TORNADO F3 0
TORNADO/WATERSPOUT 0
TORNADOES 0
TORNADOS 0
TORNDAO 0
TORRENTIAL RAIN 0
TROPICAL DEPRESSION 0
TROPICAL STORM ALBERTO 0
TROPICAL STORM DEAN 0
TROPICAL STORM JERRY 0
TSTM 0
TSTM HEAVY RAIN 0
TSTM WIND (G45) 0
TSTM WIND (41) 0
TSTM WIND (G40) 0
TSTM WIND (G45) 0
TSTM WIND 40 0
TSTM WIND 45 0
TSTM WIND 50 0
TSTM WIND 51 0
TSTM WIND 52 0
TSTM WIND 55 0
TSTM WIND 65) 0
TSTM WIND AND LIGHTNING 0
TSTM WIND DAMAGE 0
TSTM WIND G45 0
TSTM WIND G58 0
TSTM WINDS 0
TSTM WND 0
TSTMW 0
TUNDERSTORM WIND 0
TYPHOON 0
Temperature record 0
Thundersnow shower 0
Thunderstorm Wind 0
Tidal Flooding 0
Torrential Rainfall 0
Tstm Wind 0
UNSEASONABLY COOL 0
UNSEASONABLY COOL & WET 0
UNSEASONABLY DRY 0
UNSEASONABLY HOT 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM & WET 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM YEAR 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM/WET 0
UNSEASONABLY WET 0
UNSEASONAL LOW TEMP 0
UNSEASONAL RAIN 0
UNUSUAL WARMTH 0
UNUSUAL/RECORD WARMTH 0
UNUSUALLY COLD 0
UNUSUALLY LATE SNOW 0
UNUSUALLY WARM 0
URBAN AND SMALL 0
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM 0
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN FLOOD 0
URBAN FLOOD LANDSLIDE 0
URBAN FLOODING 0
URBAN FLOODS 0
URBAN SMALL 0
URBAN SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL 0
URBAN/SMALL FLOODING 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOODING 0
URBAN/SMALL STRM FLDG 0
URBAN/SML STREAM FLDG 0
URBAN/STREET FLOODING 0
Unseasonable Cold 0
Urban Flood 0
Urban Flooding 0
Urban flood 0
VERY DRY 0
VERY WARM 0
VOG 0
VOLCANIC ASH 0
VOLCANIC ASHFALL 0
VOLCANIC ERUPTION 0
Volcanic Ash 0
Volcanic Ash Plume 0
WAKE LOW WIND 0
WALL CLOUD 0
WALL CLOUD/FUNNEL CLOUD 0
WARM DRY CONDITIONS 0
WARM WEATHER 0
WATER SPOUT 0
WATERSPOUT FUNNEL CLOUD 0
WATERSPOUT TORNADO 0
WATERSPOUT- 0
WATERSPOUT-TORNADO 0
WATERSPOUT/ 0
WATERSPOUT/ TORNADO 0
WATERSPOUTS 0
WAYTERSPOUT 0
WET MICROBURST 0
WET SNOW 0
WET WEATHER 0
WHIRLWIND 0
WILD/FOREST FIRES 0
WILDFIRES 0
WIND ADVISORY 0
WIND AND WAVE 0
WIND CHILL 0
WIND CHILL/HIGH WIND 0
WIND DAMAGE 0
WIND GUSTS 0
WIND/HAIL 0
WINTER MIX 0
WINTER STORM/HIGH WIND 0
WINTER STORM/HIGH WINDS 0
WINTER WEATHER MIX 0
WINTERY MIX 0
WND 0
Wet Month 0
Wet Year 0
Wind 0
Wind Damage 0
Winter Weather 0
Wintry Mix 0
Wintry mix 0
coastal flooding 0
gradient wind 0
small hail 0
wet micoburst 0 
noaa_data %>% 
  group_by(evtype) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(injuries)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total)) %>%
  kable() %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "50%", height = "200px")
evtype total
TORNADO 91346
TSTM WIND 6957
FLOOD 6789
EXCESSIVE HEAT 6525
LIGHTNING 5230
HEAT 2100
ICE STORM 1975
FLASH FLOOD 1777
THUNDERSTORM WIND 1488
HAIL 1361
WINTER STORM 1321
HURRICANE/TYPHOON 1275
HIGH WIND 1137
HEAVY SNOW 1021
WILDFIRE 911
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 908
BLIZZARD 805
FOG 734
WILD/FOREST FIRE 545
DUST STORM 440
WINTER WEATHER 398
DENSE FOG 342
TROPICAL STORM 340
HEAT WAVE 309
HIGH WINDS 302
RIP CURRENTS 297
STRONG WIND 280
HEAVY RAIN 251
RIP CURRENT 232
EXTREME COLD 231
GLAZE 216
AVALANCHE 170
EXTREME HEAT 155
HIGH SURF 152
WILD FIRES 150
ICE 137
TSUNAMI 129
TSTM WIND/HAIL 95
WIND 86
URBAN/SML STREAM FLD 79
WINTRY MIX 77
WINTER WEATHER/MIX 72
Heat Wave 70
WINTER WEATHER MIX 68
LANDSLIDE 52
RECORD HEAT 50
COLD 48
HEAVY SURF/HIGH SURF 48
HURRICANE 46
TROPICAL STORM GORDON 43
DUST DEVIL 42
WATERSPOUT/TORNADO 42
HEAVY SURF 40
STORM SURGE 38
SNOW/HIGH WINDS 36
SNOW SQUALL 35
ICY ROADS 31
SNOW 29
WATERSPOUT 29
DRY MICROBURST 28
THUNDERSTORMW 27
MARINE THUNDERSTORM WIND 26
MIXED PRECIP 26
BLACK ICE 24
EXTREME COLD/WIND CHILL 24
FREEZING RAIN 23
MARINE STRONG WIND 22
EXCESSIVE RAINFALL 21
STRONG WINDS 21
HIGH WIND AND SEAS 20
UNSEASONABLY WARM 17
WINTER STORMS 17
TORNADO F2 16
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD 15
FREEZING DRIZZLE 15
GLAZE/ICE STORM 15
HEAT WAVE DROUGHT 15
WINTER STORM HIGH WINDS 15
BLOWING SNOW 13
COLD/WIND CHILL 12
THUNDERSTORM 12
HEAVY SNOW/ICE 10
SMALL HAIL 10
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 10
FLASH FLOODING 8
GUSTY WINDS 8
HIGH SEAS 8
MARINE TSTM WIND 8
NON-SEVERE WIND DAMAGE 7
HIGH WINDS/SNOW 6
COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION 5
EXTREME WINDCHILL 5
MARINE MISHAP 5
ROUGH SEAS 5
STORM SURGE/TIDE 5
TYPHOON 5
DROUGHT 4
HEAVY RAINS 4
HIGH WINDS/COLD 4
High Surf 4
OTHER 4
THUNDERSTORM WINDSS 4
Torrential Rainfall 4
FROST 3
FUNNEL CLOUD 3
TSTM WIND (G45) 3
BRUSH FIRE 2
COASTAL FLOOD 2
EXCESSIVE SNOW 2
FLOODING 2
Gusty winds 2
HURRICANE-GENERATED SWELLS 2
Heavy snow shower 2
Hurricane Edouard 2
ICE STORM/FLASH FLOOD 2
LIGHT SNOW 2
Marine Accident 2
Mudslide 2
RAIN/SNOW 2
RIVER FLOOD 2
ROGUE WAVE 2
Snow 2
TORNADO F3 2
WARM WEATHER 2
COASTAL STORM 1
Coastal Storm 1
DRY MIRCOBURST WINDS 1
Dust Devil 1
FALLING SNOW/ICE 1
FOG AND COLD TEMPERATURES 1
GUSTY WIND 1
Gusty Winds 1
HAZARDOUS SURF 1
HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD/AVALANCHE 1
HIGH 1
HIGH WIND 48 1
HIGH WIND/HEAVY SNOW 1
HURRICANE EMILY 1
HURRICANE ERIN 1
HURRICANE OPAL 1
ICE ROADS 1
LANDSLIDES 1
LIGHTNING AND THUNDERSTORM WIN 1
LIGHTNING INJURY 1
MARINE HIGH WIND 1
NON TSTM WIND 1
ROUGH SURF 1
River Flooding 1
SNOW AND ICE 1
THUNDERSNOW 1
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 13 1
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HAIL 1
THUNDERSTORMS WINDS 1
TIDAL FLOODING 1
TSTM WIND (G40) 1
WATERSPOUT TORNADO 1
WINDS 1
blowing snow 1
? 0
ABNORMAL WARMTH 0
ABNORMALLY DRY 0
ABNORMALLY WET 0
ACCUMULATED SNOWFALL 0
AGRICULTURAL FREEZE 0
APACHE COUNTY 0
ASTRONOMICAL HIGH TIDE 0
ASTRONOMICAL LOW TIDE 0
AVALANCE 0
BEACH EROSIN 0
BEACH EROSION 0
BEACH EROSION/COASTAL FLOOD 0
BEACH FLOOD 0
BELOW NORMAL PRECIPITATION 0
BITTER WIND CHILL 0
BITTER WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES 0
BLIZZARD AND EXTREME WIND CHIL 0
BLIZZARD AND HEAVY SNOW 0
BLIZZARD WEATHER 0
BLIZZARD/FREEZING RAIN 0
BLIZZARD/HEAVY SNOW 0
BLIZZARD/HIGH WIND 0
BLIZZARD/WINTER STORM 0
BLOW-OUT TIDE 0
BLOW-OUT TIDES 0
BLOWING DUST 0
BLOWING SNOW & EXTREME WIND CH 0
BLOWING SNOW- EXTREME WIND CHI 0
BLOWING SNOW/EXTREME WIND CHIL 0
BREAKUP FLOODING 0
BRUSH FIRES 0
Beach Erosion 0
Black Ice 0
Blizzard Summary 0
Blowing Snow 0
COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION 0
COASTAL EROSION 0
COASTAL FLOODING 0
COASTAL SURGE 0
COASTAL/TIDAL FLOOD 0
COASTALFLOOD 0
COASTALSTORM 0
COLD AIR FUNNEL 0
COLD AIR FUNNELS 0
COLD AIR TORNADO 0
COLD AND FROST 0
COLD AND SNOW 0
COLD AND WET CONDITIONS 0
COLD TEMPERATURES 0
COLD WAVE 0
COLD WEATHER 0
COLD WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES 0
COLD/WINDS 0
COOL AND WET 0
COOL SPELL 0
CSTL FLOODING/EROSION 0
Coastal Flood 0
Coastal Flooding 0
Cold 0
Cold Temperature 0
Cold and Frost 0
DAM BREAK 0
DAM FAILURE 0
DAMAGING FREEZE 0
DEEP HAIL 0
DENSE SMOKE 0
DOWNBURST 0
DOWNBURST WINDS 0
DRIEST MONTH 0
DROUGHT/EXCESSIVE HEAT 0
DROWNING 0
DRY 0
DRY CONDITIONS 0
DRY HOT WEATHER 0
DRY MICROBURST 50 0
DRY MICROBURST 53 0
DRY MICROBURST 58 0
DRY MICROBURST 61 0
DRY MICROBURST 84 0
DRY MICROBURST WINDS 0
DRY PATTERN 0
DRY SPELL 0
DRY WEATHER 0
DRYNESS 0
DUST DEVEL 0
DUST DEVIL WATERSPOUT 0
DUST STORM/HIGH WINDS 0
DUSTSTORM 0
Damaging Freeze 0
Drifting Snow 0
EARLY FREEZE 0
EARLY FROST 0
EARLY RAIN 0
EARLY SNOW 0
EARLY SNOWFALL 0
EXCESSIVE 0
EXCESSIVE HEAT/DROUGHT 0
EXCESSIVE PRECIPITATION 0
EXCESSIVE RAIN 0
EXCESSIVE WETNESS 0
EXCESSIVELY DRY 0
EXTREME WIND CHILL 0
EXTREME WIND CHILL/BLOWING SNO 0
EXTREME WIND CHILLS 0
EXTREME WINDCHILL TEMPERATURES 0
EXTREME/RECORD COLD 0
EXTREMELY WET 0
Early Frost 0
Early snowfall 0
Erosion/Cstl Flood 0
Excessive Cold 0
Extended Cold 0
Extreme Cold 0
FIRST FROST 0
FIRST SNOW 0
FLASH FLOOD - HEAVY RAIN 0
FLASH FLOOD FROM ICE JAMS 0
FLASH FLOOD LANDSLIDES 0
FLASH FLOOD WINDS 0
FLASH FLOOD/ 0
FLASH FLOOD/ FLOOD 0
FLASH FLOOD/ STREET 0
FLASH FLOOD/FLOOD 0
FLASH FLOOD/HEAVY RAIN 0
FLASH FLOOD/LANDSLIDE 0
FLASH FLOODING/FLOOD 0
FLASH FLOODING/THUNDERSTORM WI 0
FLASH FLOODS 0
FLASH FLOOODING 0
FLOOD & HEAVY RAIN 0
FLOOD FLASH 0
FLOOD FLOOD/FLASH 0
FLOOD WATCH/ 0
FLOOD/FLASH 0
FLOOD/FLASH FLOODING 0
FLOOD/FLASH/FLOOD 0
FLOOD/FLASHFLOOD 0
FLOOD/RAIN/WIND 0
FLOOD/RAIN/WINDS 0
FLOOD/RIVER FLOOD 0
FLOODING/HEAVY RAIN 0
FLOODS 0
FOREST FIRES 0
FREEZE 0
FREEZING DRIZZLE AND FREEZING 0
FREEZING FOG 0
FREEZING RAIN AND SLEET 0
FREEZING RAIN AND SNOW 0
FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND 0
FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND LIGHT 0
FREEZING RAIN/SLEET 0
FREEZING RAIN/SNOW 0
FROST/FREEZE 0
FROST\FREEZE 0
FUNNEL 0
FUNNEL CLOUD. 0
FUNNEL CLOUD/HAIL 0
FUNNEL CLOUDS 0
FUNNELS 0
Flood 0
Flood/Flash Flood 0
Flood/Strong Wind 0
Freeze 0
Freezing Drizzle 0
Freezing Fog 0
Freezing Rain 0
Freezing Spray 0
Freezing drizzle 0
Freezing rain 0
Frost 0
Frost/Freeze 0
Funnel Cloud 0
GLAZE ICE 0
GRADIENT WIND 0
GRADIENT WINDS 0
GRASS FIRES 0
GROUND BLIZZARD 0
GUSTNADO 0
GUSTNADO AND 0
GUSTY LAKE WIND 0
GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WIND 0
GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
GUSTY WIND/HAIL 0
GUSTY WIND/HVY RAIN 0
Glaze 0
Gradient wind 0
Gusty Wind 0
Gusty wind/rain 0
HAIL 0.75 0
HAIL 0.88 0
HAIL 075 0
HAIL 088 0
HAIL 1.00 0
HAIL 1.75 0
HAIL 1.75) 0
HAIL 100 0
HAIL 125 0
HAIL 150 0
HAIL 175 0
HAIL 200 0
HAIL 225 0
HAIL 275 0
HAIL 450 0
HAIL 75 0
HAIL 80 0
HAIL 88 0
HAIL ALOFT 0
HAIL DAMAGE 0
HAIL FLOODING 0
HAIL STORM 0
HAIL/ICY ROADS 0
HAIL/WIND 0
HAIL/WINDS 0
HAILSTORM 0
HAILSTORMS 0
HARD FREEZE 0
HEAT DROUGHT 0
HEAT WAVES 0
HEAT/DROUGHT 0
HEAVY LAKE SNOW 0
HEAVY MIX 0
HEAVY PRECIPATATION 0
HEAVY PRECIPITATION 0
HEAVY RAIN AND FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN EFFECTS 0
HEAVY RAIN/FLOODING 0
HEAVY RAIN/LIGHTNING 0
HEAVY RAIN/MUDSLIDES/FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN/SEVERE WEATHER 0
HEAVY RAIN/SMALL STREAM URBAN 0
HEAVY RAIN/SNOW 0
HEAVY RAIN/URBAN FLOOD 0
HEAVY RAIN/WIND 0
HEAVY RAIN; URBAN FLOOD WINDS; 0
HEAVY RAINFALL 0
HEAVY RAINS/FLOODING 0
HEAVY SEAS 0
HEAVY SHOWER 0
HEAVY SHOWERS 0
HEAVY SNOW FREEZING RAIN 0
HEAVY SNOW & ICE 0
HEAVY SNOW AND 0
HEAVY SNOW AND HIGH WINDS 0
HEAVY SNOW AND ICE 0
HEAVY SNOW AND ICE STORM 0
HEAVY SNOW AND STRONG WINDS 0
HEAVY SNOW ANDBLOWING SNOW 0
HEAVY SNOW SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW-SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD 0
HEAVY SNOW/BLOWING SNOW 0
HEAVY SNOW/FREEZING RAIN 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WIND 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS & FLOOD 0
HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS/FREEZING 0
HEAVY SNOW/ICE STORM 0
HEAVY SNOW/SLEET 0
HEAVY SNOW/SQUALLS 0
HEAVY SNOW/WIND 0
HEAVY SNOW/WINTER STORM 0
HEAVY SNOWPACK 0
HEAVY SURF COASTAL FLOODING 0
HEAVY SWELLS 0
HEAVY WET SNOW 0
HIGH SWELLS 0
HIGH WINDS 0
HIGH SURF ADVISORIES 0
HIGH SURF ADVISORY 0
HIGH SWELLS 0
HIGH TEMPERATURE RECORD 0
HIGH TIDES 0
HIGH WATER 0
HIGH WAVES 0
HIGH WIND (G40) 0
HIGH WIND 63 0
HIGH WIND 70 0
HIGH WIND AND HEAVY SNOW 0
HIGH WIND AND HIGH TIDES 0
HIGH WIND DAMAGE 0
HIGH WIND/ BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD/FREEZING RA 0
HIGH WIND/LOW WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WIND/SEAS 0
HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL/BLIZZARD 0
HIGH WINDS 55 0
HIGH WINDS 57 0
HIGH WINDS 58 0
HIGH WINDS 63 0
HIGH WINDS 66 0
HIGH WINDS 67 0
HIGH WINDS 73 0
HIGH WINDS 76 0
HIGH WINDS 80 0
HIGH WINDS 82 0
HIGH WINDS AND WIND CHILL 0
HIGH WINDS DUST STORM 0
HIGH WINDS HEAVY RAINS 0
HIGH WINDS/ 0
HIGH WINDS/COASTAL FLOOD 0
HIGH WINDS/FLOODING 0
HIGH WINDS/HEAVY RAIN 0
HIGHWAY FLOODING 0
HOT PATTERN 0
HOT SPELL 0
HOT WEATHER 0
HOT/DRY PATTERN 0
HURRICANE FELIX 0
HURRICANE GORDON 0
HURRICANE OPAL/HIGH WINDS 0
HVY RAIN 0
HYPERTHERMIA/EXPOSURE 0
HYPOTHERMIA 0
HYPOTHERMIA/EXPOSURE 0
Hail(0.75) 0
Heatburst 0
Heavy Precipitation 0
Heavy Rain 0
Heavy Rain and Wind 0
Heavy Rain/High Surf 0
Heavy Surf 0
Heavy rain 0
Heavy surf and wind 0
High Wind 0
Hot and Dry 0
Hypothermia/Exposure 0
ICE AND SNOW 0
ICE FLOES 0
ICE JAM 0
ICE JAM FLOODING 0
ICE ON ROAD 0
ICE PELLETS 0
ICE STORM AND SNOW 0
ICE/SNOW 0
ICE/STRONG WINDS 0
Ice Fog 0
Ice jam flood (minor 0
Ice/Snow 0
Icestorm/Blizzard 0
Icy Roads 0
LACK OF SNOW 0
LAKE EFFECT SNOW 0
LAKE FLOOD 0
LAKE-EFFECT SNOW 0
LAKESHORE FLOOD 0
LANDSLIDE/URBAN FLOOD 0
LANDSLUMP 0
LANDSPOUT 0
LARGE WALL CLOUD 0
LATE FREEZE 0
LATE SEASON HAIL 0
LATE SEASON SNOW 0
LATE SNOW 0
LIGHT FREEZING RAIN 0
LIGHT SNOW AND SLEET 0
LIGHT SNOW/FREEZING PRECIP 0
LIGHTING 0
LIGHTNING WAUSEON 0
LIGHTNING AND HEAVY RAIN 0
LIGHTNING AND WINDS 0
LIGHTNING DAMAGE 0
LIGHTNING FIRE 0
LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDSS 0
LIGHTNING. 0
LIGHTNING/HEAVY RAIN 0
LIGNTNING 0
LOCAL FLASH FLOOD 0
LOCAL FLOOD 0
LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN 0
LOW TEMPERATURE 0
LOW TEMPERATURE RECORD 0
LOW WIND CHILL 0
Lake Effect Snow 0
Landslump 0
Late Season Snowfall 0
Late-season Snowfall 0
Light Snow 0
Light Snow/Flurries 0
Light Snowfall 0
Light snow 0
MAJOR FLOOD 0
MARINE HAIL 0
MICROBURST 0
MICROBURST WINDS 0
MILD PATTERN 0
MILD/DRY PATTERN 0
MINOR FLOOD 0
MINOR FLOODING 0
MIXED PRECIPITATION 0
MODERATE SNOW 0
MODERATE SNOWFALL 0
MONTHLY PRECIPITATION 0
MONTHLY RAINFALL 0
MONTHLY SNOWFALL 0
MONTHLY TEMPERATURE 0
MUD SLIDE 0
MUD SLIDES 0
MUD SLIDES URBAN FLOODING 0
MUD/ROCK SLIDE 0
MUDSLIDE 0
MUDSLIDE/LANDSLIDE 0
MUDSLIDES 0
Metro Storm, May 26 0
Microburst 0
Mild and Dry Pattern 0
Minor Flooding 0
Mixed Precipitation 0
Monthly Rainfall 0
Monthly Snowfall 0
Mountain Snows 0
Mudslides 0
NEAR RECORD SNOW 0
NON SEVERE HAIL 0
NON-TSTM WIND 0
NONE 0
NORMAL PRECIPITATION 0
NORTHERN LIGHTS 0
No Severe Weather 0
Other 0
PATCHY DENSE FOG 0
PATCHY ICE 0
PROLONG COLD 0
PROLONG COLD/SNOW 0
PROLONG WARMTH 0
PROLONGED RAIN 0
Prolong Cold 0
RAIN 0
RAIN (HEAVY) 0
RAIN AND WIND 0
RAIN/WIND 0
RAINSTORM 0
RAPIDLY RISING WATER 0
RECORD COLD 0
RECORD COLD 0
RECORD COLD AND HIGH WIND 0
RECORD COLD/FROST 0
RECORD COOL 0
RECORD DRYNESS 0
RECORD HEAT WAVE 0
RECORD HIGH 0
RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURE 0
RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURES 0
RECORD LOW 0
RECORD LOW RAINFALL 0
RECORD PRECIPITATION 0
RECORD RAINFALL 0
RECORD SNOW 0
RECORD SNOW/COLD 0
RECORD SNOWFALL 0
RECORD TEMPERATURE 0
RECORD TEMPERATURES 0
RECORD WARM 0
RECORD WARM TEMPS. 0
RECORD WARMTH 0
RECORD/EXCESSIVE HEAT 0
RECORD/EXCESSIVE RAINFALL 0
RED FLAG CRITERIA 0
RED FLAG FIRE WX 0
REMNANTS OF FLOYD 0
RIP CURRENTS HEAVY SURF 0
RIP CURRENTS/HEAVY SURF 0
RIVER AND STREAM FLOOD 0
RIVER FLOODING 0
ROCK SLIDE 0
ROTATING WALL CLOUD 0
RURAL FLOOD 0
Rain Damage 0
Record Cold 0
Record Heat 0
Record High 0
Record May Snow 0
Record Temperatures 0
Record Warmth 0
Record Winter Snow 0
Record dry month 0
Record temperature 0
SAHARAN DUST 0
SEICHE 0
SEVERE COLD 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WINDS 0
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS 0
SEVERE TURBULENCE 0
SLEET 0
SLEET & FREEZING RAIN 0
SLEET STORM 0
SLEET/FREEZING RAIN 0
SLEET/ICE STORM 0
SLEET/RAIN/SNOW 0
SLEET/SNOW 0
SMALL STREAM 0
SMALL STREAM AND 0
SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOODIN 0
SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM FLOODING 0
SMALL STREAM URBAN FLOOD 0
SMALL STREAM/URBAN FLOOD 0
SMOKE 0
SNOW ACCUMULATION 0
SNOW ADVISORY 0
SNOW AND COLD 0
SNOW AND HEAVY SNOW 0
SNOW AND ICE STORM 0
SNOW AND SLEET 0
SNOW AND WIND 0
SNOW DROUGHT 0
SNOW FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW SHOWERS 0
SNOW SLEET 0
SNOW SQUALLS 0
SNOW- HIGH WIND- WIND CHILL 0
SNOW/ BITTER COLD 0
SNOW/ ICE 0
SNOW/BLOWING SNOW 0
SNOW/COLD 0
SNOW/FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW/HEAVY SNOW 0
SNOW/ICE 0
SNOW/ICE STORM 0
SNOW/RAIN 0
SNOW/RAIN/SLEET 0
SNOW/SLEET 0
SNOW/SLEET/FREEZING RAIN 0
SNOW/SLEET/RAIN 0
SNOWFALL RECORD 0
SNOWMELT FLOODING 0
SNOWSTORM 0
SNOW\COLD 0
SOUTHEAST 0
STORM FORCE WINDS 0
STREAM FLOODING 0
STREET FLOOD 0
STREET FLOODING 0
STRONG WIND GUST 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 24-25 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 27 0
SUMMARY OF MARCH 29 0
Saharan Dust 0
Seasonal Snowfall 0
Small Hail 0
Sml Stream Fld 0
Snow Accumulation 0
Snow Squalls 0
Snow and Ice 0
Snow and sleet 0
Snow squalls 0
Strong Wind 0
Strong Winds 0
Strong winds 0
Summary August 10 0
Summary August 11 0
Summary August 17 0
Summary August 2-3 0
Summary August 21 0
Summary August 28 0
Summary August 4 0
Summary August 7 0
Summary August 9 0
Summary Jan 17 0
Summary July 23-24 0
Summary June 18-19 0
Summary June 5-6 0
Summary June 6 0
Summary Sept. 25-26 0
Summary September 20 0
Summary September 23 0
Summary September 3 0
Summary September 4 0
Summary of April 12 0
Summary of April 13 0
Summary of April 21 0
Summary of April 27 0
Summary of April 3rd 0
Summary of August 1 0
Summary of July 11 0
Summary of July 2 0
Summary of July 22 0
Summary of July 26 0
Summary of July 29 0
Summary of July 3 0
Summary of June 10 0
Summary of June 11 0
Summary of June 12 0
Summary of June 13 0
Summary of June 15 0
Summary of June 16 0
Summary of June 18 0
Summary of June 23 0
Summary of June 24 0
Summary of June 3 0
Summary of June 30 0
Summary of June 4 0
Summary of June 6 0
Summary of March 14 0
Summary of March 23 0
Summary of March 24 0
Summary of May 10 0
Summary of May 13 0
Summary of May 14 0
Summary of May 22 0
Summary of May 22 am 0
Summary of May 22 pm 0
Summary of May 26 am 0
Summary of May 26 pm 0
Summary of May 31 am 0
Summary of May 31 pm 0
Summary of May 9-10 0
Summary: Nov. 16 0
Summary: Nov. 6-7 0
Summary: Oct. 20-21 0
Summary: October 31 0
Summary: Sept. 18 0
THUDERSTORM WINDS 0
THUNDEERSTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERESTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE 0
THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE TO 0
THUNDERSTORM HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM W INDS 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND (G40) 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 50 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 52 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 56 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH. 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 60 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 65 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 65MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 69 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND 98 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G50 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G51 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G52 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G55 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G60 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND G61 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND TREES 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND. 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREE 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREES 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/AWNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WIND/LIGHTNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS LE CEN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 2 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 50 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 52 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 53 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 60 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 61 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 62 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS 63 MPH 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS AND 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS FUNNEL CLOU 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS G 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS G60 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS HEAVY RAIN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS LIGHTNING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS SMALL STREA 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS URBAN FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS. 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ HAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLASH FLOOD 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLOODING 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FUNNEL CLOU 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HEAVY RAIN 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDS53 0
THUNDERSTORM WINDSHAIL 0
THUNDERSTORM WINS 0
THUNDERSTORMS 0
THUNDERSTORMS WIND 0
THUNDERSTORMW 50 0
THUNDERSTORMW WINDS 0
THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0
THUNDERSTROM WIND 0
THUNDERSTROM WINDS 0
THUNDERTORM WINDS 0
THUNDERTSORM WIND 0
THUNDESTORM WINDS 0
THUNERSTORM WINDS 0
TIDAL FLOOD 0
TORNADO DEBRIS 0
TORNADO F0 0
TORNADO F1 0
TORNADO/WATERSPOUT 0
TORNADOES 0
TORNADOES, TSTM WIND, HAIL 0
TORNADOS 0
TORNDAO 0
TORRENTIAL RAIN 0
TROPICAL DEPRESSION 0
TROPICAL STORM ALBERTO 0
TROPICAL STORM DEAN 0
TROPICAL STORM JERRY 0
TSTM 0
TSTM HEAVY RAIN 0
TSTM WIND (G45) 0
TSTM WIND (41) 0
TSTM WIND (G35) 0
TSTM WIND 40 0
TSTM WIND 45 0
TSTM WIND 50 0
TSTM WIND 51 0
TSTM WIND 52 0
TSTM WIND 55 0
TSTM WIND 65) 0
TSTM WIND AND LIGHTNING 0
TSTM WIND DAMAGE 0
TSTM WIND G45 0
TSTM WIND G58 0
TSTM WINDS 0
TSTM WND 0
TSTMW 0
TUNDERSTORM WIND 0
Temperature record 0
Thundersnow shower 0
Thunderstorm Wind 0
Tidal Flooding 0
Tstm Wind 0
UNSEASONABLY COLD 0
UNSEASONABLY COOL 0
UNSEASONABLY COOL & WET 0
UNSEASONABLY DRY 0
UNSEASONABLY HOT 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM & WET 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM AND DRY 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM YEAR 0
UNSEASONABLY WARM/WET 0
UNSEASONABLY WET 0
UNSEASONAL LOW TEMP 0
UNSEASONAL RAIN 0
UNUSUAL WARMTH 0
UNUSUAL/RECORD WARMTH 0
UNUSUALLY COLD 0
UNUSUALLY LATE SNOW 0
UNUSUALLY WARM 0
URBAN AND SMALL 0
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM 0
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOODIN 0
URBAN FLOOD 0
URBAN FLOOD LANDSLIDE 0
URBAN FLOODING 0
URBAN FLOODS 0
URBAN SMALL 0
URBAN SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL 0
URBAN/SMALL FLOODING 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD 0
URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOODING 0
URBAN/SMALL STRM FLDG 0
URBAN/SML STREAM FLDG 0
URBAN/STREET FLOODING 0
Unseasonable Cold 0
Urban Flood 0
Urban Flooding 0
Urban flood 0
VERY DRY 0
VERY WARM 0
VOG 0
VOLCANIC ASH 0
VOLCANIC ASHFALL 0
VOLCANIC ERUPTION 0
Volcanic Ash 0
Volcanic Ash Plume 0
WAKE LOW WIND 0
WALL CLOUD 0
WALL CLOUD/FUNNEL CLOUD 0
WARM DRY CONDITIONS 0
WATER SPOUT 0
WATERSPOUT FUNNEL CLOUD 0
WATERSPOUT- 0
WATERSPOUT-TORNADO 0
WATERSPOUT/ 0
WATERSPOUT/ TORNADO 0
WATERSPOUTS 0
WAYTERSPOUT 0
WET MICROBURST 0
WET SNOW 0
WET WEATHER 0
WHIRLWIND 0
WILD/FOREST FIRES 0
WILDFIRES 0
WIND ADVISORY 0
WIND AND WAVE 0
WIND CHILL 0
WIND CHILL/HIGH WIND 0
WIND DAMAGE 0
WIND GUSTS 0
WIND STORM 0
WIND/HAIL 0
WINTER MIX 0
WINTER STORM/HIGH WIND 0
WINTER STORM/HIGH WINDS 0
WINTERY MIX 0
WND 0
Wet Month 0
Wet Year 0
Whirlwind 0
Wind 0
Wind Damage 0
Winter Weather 0
Wintry Mix 0
Wintry mix 0
coastal flooding 0
gradient wind 0
small hail 0
wet micoburst 0 
unique(noaa_data$propdmgexp)
 [1] "K" "M" NA  "B" "m" "+" "0" "5" "6" "?" "4" "2" "3" "h" "7" "H" "-" "1" "8"
unique(noaa_data$propdmgexp)
 [1] "K" "M" NA  "B" "m" "+" "0" "5" "6" "?" "4" "2" "3" "h" "7" "H" "-" "1" "8"
noaa_data_health_damage <- 
  noaa_data %>%
  select(bgn_date,
         state_2,
         evtype,
         fatalities,
         injuries,
         propdmg,
         propdmgexp,
         cropdmg,
         cropdmgexp) %>%
  mutate(bgn_date = mdy_hms(bgn_date),
         year = year(bgn_date),
         state_2 = as_factor(state_2),
         evtype = as_factor(evtype),
         evtype_rcd = case_when(str_detect(evtype,"STORM") ~ "Thunderstorm",
                          str_detect(evtype,"TSTM") ~ "Thunderstorm",
                          str_detect(evtype,"TORNADO") ~ "Tornado",
                          str_detect(evtype, "FLOOD") ~ "Flood",
                          str_detect(evtype, "LIGHTNING") ~ "Lightning",
                          str_detect(evtype, "HAIL") ~ "Hail",
                          str_detect(evtype, "WINDS") ~ "Damaging winds",
                          str_detect(evtype, "SNOW") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "COLD") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "ICE") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "BLIZZARD") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "COLD") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "Cold") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "ICY") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "WINTER WEATHER") ~ "Winter weather",
                          str_detect(evtype, "HEAT") ~ "Excessive heat",
                          str_detect(evtype, "AVALANCHE") ~ "Avalanche",
                          str_detect(evtype, "CURRENT") ~ "Rip current",
                          str_detect(evtype, "HURRICANE") ~ "Hurricane",
                          str_detect(evtype, "FIRE") ~ "Wild Fire",
                          str_detect(evtype, "FOG") ~ "Fog",
                          TRUE ~ "Others"),
         evtype_rcd = as_factor(evtype_rcd),
         propdmgexp_num = case_when(propdmgexp %in% c("+", "-","0") ~ 1,
                                propdmgexp %in% "1" ~ 10,
                                propdmgexp %in% c("2", "H","h") ~ 100,
                                propdmgexp %in% c("3", "K") ~ 1000,
                                propdmgexp %in% "4" ~ 10000,
                                propdmgexp %in% "5" ~ 100000,
                                propdmgexp %in% c("6", "M", "m") ~ 1000000,
                                propdmgexp %in% "7" ~ 10000000,
                                propdmgexp %in% "8" ~ 100000000,
                                propdmgexp %in% "?" ~ 0,
                                propdmgexp %in% "B" ~ 1000000000,
                                TRUE ~ 1),
         cropdmgexp_num = case_when(cropdmgexp %in% "0" ~ 1,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "2" ~ 100,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "?" ~ 0,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "B" ~ 1000000000,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "K" ~ 1000,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "k" ~ 1000,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "M" ~ 1000000,
                                cropdmgexp %in% "m" ~ 1000000,
                                TRUE ~ 1),
         propdmg_calc = propdmg*propdmgexp_num,
         cropdmg_calc = cropdmg*cropdmgexp_num,
         region  = case_when(state_2 %in% "AL" ~ "alabama",
                             state_2 %in% "AZ" ~ "arizona",
                             state_2 %in% "AR" ~ "arkansas",
                             state_2 %in% "CA" ~ "california",
                             state_2 %in% "CO" ~ "colorado",
                             state_2 %in% "CT" ~ "connecticut",
                             state_2 %in% "DE" ~ "delaware",
                             state_2 %in% "DC" ~ "district of columbia",
                             state_2 %in% "FL" ~ "florida",
                             state_2 %in% "GA" ~ "georgia",
                             state_2 %in% "ID" ~ "idaho",
                             state_2 %in% "IL" ~ "illinois",
                             state_2 %in% "IN" ~ "indiana",
                             state_2 %in% "IA" ~ "iowa",
                             state_2 %in% "KS" ~ "kansas",
                             state_2 %in% "KY" ~ "kentucky",
                             state_2 %in% "LA" ~ "louisiana",
                             state_2 %in% "ME" ~ "maine",
                             state_2 %in% "MD" ~ "maryland",
                             state_2 %in% "MA" ~ "massachusetts",
                             state_2 %in% "MI" ~"michigan",
                             state_2 %in% "MN" ~ "minnesota",
                             state_2 %in% "MS" ~ "mississippi",
                             state_2 %in% "MO" ~ "missouri",
                             state_2 %in% "MT" ~ "montana",
                             state_2 %in% "NE" ~ "nebraska",
                             state_2 %in% "NV" ~ "nevada",
                             state_2 %in% "NH" ~ "new hampshire",
                             state_2 %in% "NJ" ~ "new jersey",
                             state_2 %in% "NM" ~"new mexico",
                             state_2 %in% "NY" ~ "new york",
                             state_2 %in% "NC" ~ "north carolina",
                             state_2 %in% "ND" ~ "north dakota",
                             state_2 %in% "OH" ~ "ohio",
                             state_2 %in% "OK" ~ "oklahoma",
                             state_2 %in% "OR" ~ "oregon",
                             state_2 %in% "PA" ~ "pennsylvania",
                             state_2 %in% "RI" ~ "rhode island",
                             state_2 %in% "SC" ~  "south carolina",
                             state_2 %in% "SD" ~ "south dakota",
                             state_2 %in% "TN" ~ "tennessee",
                             state_2 %in% "TX" ~ "texas",
                             state_2 %in% "UT" ~ "utah",
                             state_2 %in% "VT" ~ "vermont",
                             state_2 %in% "VA" ~ "virginia",
                             state_2 %in% "WA" ~ "washington",
                             state_2 %in% "WV" ~ "west virginia",
                             state_2 %in% "WI" ~ "wisconsin",
                             state_2 %in% "WY" ~ "wyoming")) %>% 
  relocate(year, .after = bgn_date) %>%
  relocate(evtype_rcd, .after = evtype)
noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  summarise(across(.cols = everything(),
                   ~ sum(is.na(.x)))) %>% 
  pivot_longer(cols = bgn_date:region,
               names_to = "Variable",
               values_to = "Sum") %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "50%", height = "200px")
Variable Sum
bgn_date 0
year 0
state_2 0
evtype 0
evtype_rcd 0
fatalities 0
injuries 0
propdmg 0
propdmgexp 465934
cropdmg 0
cropdmgexp 618413
propdmgexp_num 0
cropdmgexp_num 0
propdmg_calc 0
cropdmg_calc 0
region 25612

Results

Initially, we can look at total fatalities and injuries in a time series.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(year) %>% 
  summarise(across(fatalities:injuries,
                  ~ sum(.x))) %>% 
  pivot_longer(!year, 
               names_to = "damage",
               values_to = "total") %>%
  mutate(year = ymd(year, truncated = 2L)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(year, total, colour = as_factor(damage))) +
  geom_line()+
  scale_x_date()+
  labs(x = "Year",
       y = "Total",
       color = "Type of damage")+
  scale_x_date(breaks = "5 years",
               date_labels = "%Y")+
  theme_classic()

Around 1995 there was a peak in fatalities. That year there were a large number of deaths from excessive heat.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  filter(year >= 1994 & year <= 1996) %>%
  group_by(evtype_rcd, 
           year) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(fatalities)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total)) %>%
  pivot_wider(names_from = year,
              values_from = total) %>%
  rename("Type of event" = evtype_rcd) %>%
  relocate("1994",
           .before = "1995") %>% 
  kable(caption = "Total fatalities by type of event from 1994 to 1996") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>%
  scroll_box(width = "50%", height = "200px")
Total fatalities by type of event from 1994 to 1996
Type of event 1994 1995 1996
Excessive heat 44 1051 36
Flood 86 77 125
Winter weather 42 50 105
Others 16 86 67
Lightning 65 79 53
Thunderstorm 27 58 60
Tornado 48 34 26
Hurricane 0 8 36
Rip current 8 27 25
Damaging winds 3 16 1
Avalanche 1 0 5
Fog 4 2 2
Hail 0 3 1
Wild Fire 0 0 0

There was a peak in injuries between 1997 and 1999. When analyzing data from this period, we see many injuries due to floods in 1998.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  filter(year >= 1997 & year <= 1999) %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd,
           year) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(injuries)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total)) %>% 
  pivot_wider(names_from = year,
              values_from = total) %>% 
  rename("Type of event" = evtype_rcd) %>%
  relocate("1997",
           .before = "1998") %>%
  kable(caption = "Total injuries by type of event from 1997 to 1999") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "50%", height = "200px")
Total injuries by type of event from 1997 to 1999
Type of event 1997 1998 1999
Flood 519 6439 290
Tornado 1033 1874 1842
Excessive heat 530 633 1461
Thunderstorm 739 1122 636
Winter weather 351 139 109
Others 192 346 257
Lightning 307 283 243
Fog 103 152 84
Wild Fire 7 92 127
Hail 5 45 46
Rip current 7 17 31
Avalanche 0 15 10
Damaging winds 7 11 8
Hurricane 0 9 4

Across the United States, which types of events are most harmful with respect to population health?

As indicated below, tornadoes caused the majority of fatalities and injuries across the United States in the analyzed period.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>% 
  summarise(across(fatalities:
                   injuries,
                   ~ sum(.x))) %>% 
  arrange(desc(fatalities)) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd,
         "Total fatalities" = fatalities,
         "Total injuries" = injuries) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Total fatalities and injuries by event type") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "200px")
Total fatalities and injuries by event type
Event type Total fatalities Total injuries
Tornado 5636 91407
Excessive heat 3138 9154
Flood 1523 8601
Thunderstorm 1177 13756
Others 907 2949
Lightning 817 5231
Winter weather 772 2971
Rip current 577 529
Avalanche 224 170
Hurricane 133 1326
Wild Fire 90 1608
Fog 80 1076
Damaging winds 56 379
Hail 15 1371

Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Florida, and Nebraska are the five states with the most tornadoes.

noaa_data_health_damage %>%
  filter(evtype_rcd == "Tornado") %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd, 
           state_2) %>% 
  count() %>%
  arrange(desc(n)) %>%
  pivot_wider(names_from = evtype_rcd,
              values_from = n) %>%
  rename("State" = state_2,
         "n" = Tornado) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Total number of tornadoes by state") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "33%", height = "200px")
Total number of tornadoes by state
State n
TX 8292
KS 3973
OK 3709
FL 3100
NE 2694
IA 2465
IL 2352
MO 2282
MS 2168
AL 2102
AR 1987
LA 1921
CO 1851
MN 1735
SD 1653
GA 1611
IN 1509
ND 1490
WI 1376
NC 1271
TN 1252
MI 1073
OH 1050
SC 964
KY 915
PA 774
VA 705
WY 621
NM 541
NY 416
CA 388
MT 375
MD 323
AZ 233
ID 192
MA 165
NJ 150
WV 127
UT 122
ME 120
WA 109
OR 101
CT 94
NH 94
NV 80
DE 60
VT 44
HI 40
PR 16
RI 10
AK 3
DC 1

Texas has the most injuries from tornadoes, followed by Alabama and Mississippi.

noaa_data_health_damage %>%
  filter(evtype_rcd == "Tornado") %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd, 
           state_2) %>%
  summarise(total = sum(injuries)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total)) %>%
  pivot_wider(names_from = evtype_rcd,
              values_from = total) %>% 
  rename("State" = state_2,
         "n" = Tornado) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Total injuries due to tornadoes by state") %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "33%", height = "200px")
Total injuries due to tornadoes by state
State n
TX 8207
AL 7929
MS 6246
AR 5116
OK 4829
TN 4748
OH 4442
MO 4330
IN 4224
IL 4145
GA 3926
MI 3362
FL 3344
KY 2806
KS 2721
LA 2676
NC 2548
IA 2208
MN 1976
MA 1758
WI 1601
SC 1314
PA 1241
NE 1158
VA 914
CT 703
SD 452
ND 326
NY 315
MD 314
WA 303
CO 261
NM 155
AZ 147
WV 114
WY 101
UT 91
CA 88
DE 73
NJ 70
NH 30
RI 23
MT 21
ME 19
VT 10
ID 9
HI 6
OR 5
NV 2
DC 0
PR 0
AK 0

Alabama has the most fatalities from tornadoes. Texas and Mississippi come next.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  filter(evtype_rcd == "Tornado") %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd,
           state_2) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(fatalities)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total)) %>% 
  pivot_wider(names_from = evtype_rcd,
              values_from = total) %>% 
  rename("State" = state_2,
         "n" = Tornado) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Total fatalities due to tornadoes by state") %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "33%", height = "200px")
Total fatalities due to tornadoes by state
State n
AL 617
TX 538
MS 450
MO 388
AR 379
TN 368
OK 296
IN 252
MI 243
KS 236
IL 203
OH 191
GA 180
FL 161
LA 156
NC 126
KY 125
MA 108
MN 99
WI 96
PA 82
IA 81
SC 59
NE 54
VA 36
ND 25
NY 22
SD 18
MD 7
WA 6
CO 5
NM 5
CT 4
MT 4
WY 4
AZ 3
WV 3
DE 2
ME 1
NH 1
NJ 1
UT 1
CA 0
DC 0
HI 0
ID 0
NV 0
OR 0
RI 0
VT 0
PR 0
AK 0

On the maps below, the states are colored by total fatalities and injuries by tornadoes in the period.

states_map <- map_data("state")

tornado_fatalities <- 
  noaa_data_health_damage %>%
  filter(evtype_rcd == "Tornado") %>% 
  group_by(region) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(fatalities)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total))

tornado_fatalities_map <-
  left_join(states_map,
            tornado_fatalities,
            by = "region")

tornado_fatalities_plot <- 
  tornado_fatalities_map %>%
  ggplot(aes(long, 
             lat, 
             group = group,
             fill = NA))+
  geom_polygon(aes(fill = total), 
               color = "white")+
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "D")+
  labs(x = NULL,
       y = NULL,
       fill = "Fatalities")+
  theme_classic()+
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.3, "cm"),
        aspect.ratio = 1)

tornado_injuries <- 
  noaa_data_health_damage %>%
  filter(evtype_rcd == "Tornado") %>% 
  group_by(region) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(injuries)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(total))

tornado_injuries_map <-
  left_join(states_map,
            tornado_injuries,
            by = "region")

tornado_injuries_plot <- 
  tornado_injuries_map %>%
  ggplot(aes(long, 
             lat, 
             group = group,
             fill = NA))+
  geom_polygon(aes(fill = total), 
               color = "white")+
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "D")+
  labs(x = NULL,
       y = NULL,
       fill = "Injuries")+
  theme_classic()+
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.3, "cm"),
        aspect.ratio = 1)

join_maps <- tornado_fatalities_plot|tornado_injuries_plot 

join_maps + plot_annotation(title = "Total fatalities and injuries by tornadoes in the US (1950-2011)")

On the other hand, we can analyze which type of event causes, on average, the highest number of fatalities and injuries. Let us take a look at injuries first. As one can see below, hurricanes and excessive heat are the events that, on average, cause the most injuries.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>% 
  summarise(m = mean(injuries) %>% 
              round(2)) %>%
  arrange(desc(m)) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Average injuries by type of event") %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "33%", height = "200px")
Average injuries by type of event
Event type m
Hurricane 4.65
Excessive heat 3.46
Tornado 1.51
Rip current 0.68
Fog 0.57
Avalanche 0.44
Wild Fire 0.38
Lightning 0.33
Damaging winds 0.20
Winter weather 0.10
Flood 0.10
Others 0.05
Thunderstorm 0.04
Hail 0.00

Excessive heat is the type of event that causes the highest number of fatalities on average

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>% 
  summarise(m = mean(fatalities) %>% 
              round(2)) %>% 
  arrange(desc(m)) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd) %>% 
 kable(caption = "Average fatalities by type of event") %>%
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped",
                full_width = F,
                position = "left") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "33%", height = "200px")
Average fatalities by type of event
Event type m
Excessive heat 1.19
Rip current 0.74
Avalanche 0.58
Hurricane 0.47
Tornado 0.09
Lightning 0.05
Fog 0.04
Damaging winds 0.03
Others 0.02
Winter weather 0.02
Flood 0.02
Wild Fire 0.02
Thunderstorm 0.00
Hail 0.00

Across the United States, which types of events have the greatest economic consequences?

As shown in the following table, on average, hurricanes are the events that cause the most damage to properties and crops.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>% 
  summarise(across(propdmg_calc:cropdmg_calc,
                   ~ mean(.x) %>% 
                     round(2))) %>% 
  arrange(desc(propdmg_calc)) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd,
         "Property damage" = propdmg_calc,
         "Crop damage" = cropdmg_calc) %>% 
  kable(caption = "Property and crop damages by event type") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "200px")
Property and crop damages by event type
Event type Property damage Crop damage
Hurricane 297039228.11 19316816.84
Flood 2033210.27 149435.74
Wild Fire 2004394.55 95136.03
Tornado 939114.61 6836.38
Damaging winds 444782.73 33742.34
Thunderstorm 225682.73 19974.60
Others 189649.87 300274.81
Winter weather 59906.92 53903.36
Lightning 59657.60 767.07
Hail 54400.96 10533.02
Fog 13311.07 0.00
Avalanche 9641.97 0.00
Excessive heat 7684.59 341954.36
Rip current 209.78 0.00

On average, the state of Louisiana has the highest property damage losses.

noaa_data_health_damage %>%
  group_by(evtype_rcd,
           state_2) %>% 
  summarise(total = mean(propdmg_calc) %>% 
              round(2)) %>% 
  arrange(-total) %>% 
  pivot_wider(names_from = state_2,
              values_from = total) %>%
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd) %>%
  kable(caption = "Property damage by event type and state") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "200px")
Property damage by event type and state
Event type LA MS FL AL TX NC PR CA VA NM GU AS CT GA VI MH HI SC MA ND AZ VT NV PA TN OH MO IL NJ OR IN UT AR MN NY CO MD DE MI WI KY IA OK DC RI WA AK KS NE WV ID MT SD ME NH WY LM AM SL LS PK LO PZ AN GM LE LC PH LH XX PM ST
Hurricane 789765071.43 787672222.78 460789797.10 282096071.43 218060000.00 129526069.77 86877666.67 NA 70556888.89 NA 18462352.94 8650000.00 NA 1100000.00 5644000.00 NA 5000000.00 1867500.00 NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA 1150000.00 NA NA NA 375000.00 NA NA NA 459333.33 50000.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 25000.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Flood 700516.67 887426.90 1732529.33 907214.37 225863.92 446848.25 236326.84 77050928.29 154972.06 105204.55 430437.50 1131422.22 99426.60 562491.36 77000.00 NA 607623.32 109933.14 516290.98 4180171.97 107841.18 2710765.65 2540433.33 685217.28 2215132.11 517624.90 166083.31 2073066.17 1994541.06 1836293.32 382363.68 693800.93 242510.54 1238845.19 956687.59 539796.06 144005.87 270490.53 472823.51 981271.00 213317.41 545439.39 92926.25 357534.25 766729.51 731296.88 728396.30 221793.69 115856.62 482997.55 383404.13 97879.54 110470.17 314902.04 264789.42 108225.10 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Wild Fire 98153.85 0.00 1477118.71 20600.00 779939.12 118409.09 391470.59 5957145.36 93533.33 35838739.13 50000.00 NA NA 338747.20 11684.21 NA 8213.25 3351923.08 NA 37500.00 2502415.73 NA 1250.00 29270.83 100000.00 NA 44936.17 212500.00 12989.69 49967.55 0.00 117755.10 85625.00 335625.00 20400.00 1112290.91 0.00 454.55 343454.55 131588.24 2692.31 275000.00 339011.11 NA NA 148002.60 607600.00 217916.67 538400.00 821.43 72911.39 324803.03 1180.33 NA NA 57346.67 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Damaging winds 166666.67 13343.75 279523.81 9148909.09 65671.88 434932.43 0.00 4507169.28 51220.00 8625.00 NA NA 220312.50 6168338.89 166666.67 NA 93333.33 4653260.00 103607.66 79285.71 0.00 110882.35 18750.29 162512.82 171833.33 324250.04 259000.00 61285.71 1111111.11 98.04 11400.00 622222.00 10833.33 0.00 39186.44 19772.11 154808.51 1021600.00 227000.00 19284.21 13750.00 419850.00 9545.45 22142.86 114772.73 179594.59 56027.21 15800.00 30882.35 19187.50 53050.72 74340.00 315952.38 136185.19 23333.33 1153.54 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0
Tornado 639962.46 1126598.03 565268.26 3007277.62 448730.81 1221033.58 29375.00 293891.65 623034.40 111340.44 NA NA 6342942.77 2024225.12 NA NA 98014.00 551602.89 4582055.42 115950.52 205902.70 123857.95 20473.38 2311483.72 1231469.56 2174435.99 2103725.56 757063.79 528095.00 305533.47 1719545.32 1432892.79 1303476.25 1097234.09 1121571.73 155337.11 1027630.03 215229.17 998849.53 696288.58 971331.89 927617.14 881290.98 2000.00 354500.00 266213.58 0.00 672008.73 637774.58 289046.22 49468.02 230933.73 139875.25 81712.50 112861.70 76678.12 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Others 5848794.17 28223.36 1020899.91 168939.98 157436.08 96343.02 11334.72 194380.25 84031.03 16257.46 3969085.53 525654.32 18248.59 48380.80 3420.70 5e+06 19338.86 15830.07 21542.86 19474.55 25146.19 30638.66 26302.49 67627.52 10008.71 900997.18 45736.30 27610.23 38984.76 70498.67 41805.11 66131.23 11671.99 11774.34 146933.78 48149.00 35083.05 29598.87 136136.15 17645.87 77560.84 462480.96 41370.90 8330.38 8317.02 389478.81 25046.35 8885.21 9327.52 40961.62 129524.64 2556.68 17976.86 13831.78 30590.64 3389.27 11472.58 7569.73 NA 0.0 2066.67 0.00 1117.65 901.79 181.84 0.00 NA 0 0 NA 0 NA
Thunderstorm 3913431.06 1045263.10 314003.99 479995.85 532794.95 43006.89 520623.49 123322.54 23104.13 13965.05 734500.00 125000.00 55430.85 33625.78 197728.12 NA 4589.74 25202.26 52369.56 86117.19 203350.68 21916.23 91322.59 22714.63 16556.03 105142.82 37212.60 47638.93 34682.02 18469.21 10005.87 59822.10 71950.54 107402.71 54904.62 14709.26 174126.56 65463.09 60233.88 28495.48 32027.05 31488.52 114305.47 822506.29 19457.80 21468.61 116029.17 38689.28 27821.82 15058.02 9171.04 13775.58 16453.54 170840.85 66822.04 3447.14 1080.88 463.70 5000 2197.8 0.00 1186.44 0.00 61.56 815.02 20.91 0 0 0 0 NA NA
Hail 35975.80 14046.98 7626.44 3635.37 75943.11 5365.58 240.74 10218.38 14327.77 40125.68 NA NA 578.12 36208.23 0.00 NA 0.00 10630.59 481.06 70138.54 3328127.88 779.49 1139.14 1577.36 2802.33 117005.95 80041.38 13338.25 651.09 90702.93 16470.09 15396.14 23864.74 92508.84 2886.69 152142.53 1128.45 1212.63 65203.72 172754.33 137585.85 23657.14 7466.86 26.32 210.53 40323.64 681.82 17791.53 56300.24 12170.94 2957.24 17074.57 9243.66 572.65 15.33 44364.66 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 NA 0.00 NA 58.82 0.00 0.00 0 NA 0 NA NA NA
Winter weather 133906.25 44076.98 0.00 33.88 83101.63 6535.83 NA 5497.69 14974.38 2433.92 NA NA 109581.90 188161.49 NA NA 0.00 40229.89 211602.27 474293.50 6823.31 29691.54 4343.60 132375.13 15909.31 265770.59 84555.97 9559.06 68411.55 559.14 25472.22 116811.80 186079.64 35970.03 194580.68 36494.50 2728.12 5586.59 54132.74 1145.48 15641.28 50032.80 61123.31 1545.45 145512.82 77215.61 1196.98 80630.43 144720.46 115529.41 12857.68 3615.35 108682.36 18554.22 23194.69 13782.53 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Fog 21083.33 0.00 19010.99 187500.00 20833.33 3464.29 NA 49787.00 7272.73 5000.00 NA NA NA 0.00 NA NA NA 3888.89 NA NA 0.00 45000.00 384.62 0.00 0.00 112400.00 0.00 925.93 0.00 3333.33 15161.29 17633.80 0.00 1666.67 0.00 3977.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.34 0.00 4160.92 3333.33 0.00 0.00 312857.14 NA 4102.56 121250.00 0.00 1594.20 7888.89 4285.71 0.00 0.00 3066.67 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Excessive heat 1964.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 1265.82 0.00 0.00 1224.49 0.88 0.00 NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1589.15 0.00 57894.74 2405.13 312.50 0.00 0.00 23255.81 0.00 0.00 70916.67 0.00 0.00 265.49 0.00 0.00 500.00 0.00 144271.11 116.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1500.00 197365.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 12222.22 NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Lightning 97163.60 55733.85 65205.40 52428.23 74196.37 71887.07 17142.86 43566.53 48478.24 10463.24 22238.10 30000.00 8972.03 81624.67 15375.00 NA 3809.52 86352.59 68084.80 22430.43 56393.31 61258.24 95325.58 45066.88 60405.33 69351.79 32649.08 55124.09 30130.31 26080.19 74384.29 16503.45 90199.75 68818.59 25512.52 32743.58 82468.67 56258.77 73118.26 95378.89 41773.81 42933.82 63004.43 7000.00 34272.73 33391.01 200.00 58124.10 49037.30 44752.60 37113.10 31018.87 17932.99 44097.20 56665.83 21666.67 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Avalanche NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 10000.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA 1521.74 NA NA 0.00 3589.78 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 52500.00 16396.23 NA NA NA 1333.33 0.00 NA NA 0.00 428.57 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Rip current 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1538.46 0.00 NA 646.15 571.43 0.00 71.43 0.00 NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Regarding crop damages, the state of Mississippi has the highest losses.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd,
           state_2) %>% 
  summarise(total = mean(cropdmg_calc) %>% 
              round(2)) %>% 
  arrange(-total) %>% 
  pivot_wider(names_from = state_2,
              values_from = total) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd) %>%
  kable(caption = "Crop damage by event type and state") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "200px")
Crop damage by event type and state
Event type MS NC PR FL LA VA GU AR AL CA TX IL IA SC OK NE GA WI WA ND PA MI OH IN KY MD MO AS KS MN AZ NY SD OR DE WV NJ VT UT ID NV HI CO MT NM WY TN ME VI MA NH AK DC CT AM RI LC PH GM PZ AN LH LM LE LS SL LO PK XX MH PM ST
Hurricane 84165600.00 33877441.86 21476190.48 20988550.72 14028571.43 6670000.00 6161764.71 3850000.00 3400000.00 NA 0.00 NA NA 1268750.00 NA NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 196666.67 NA 86000.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Winter weather 0.00 1008.02 NA 5823870.97 314062.50 1517.74 NA 2779.78 171052.63 481977.59 8716.09 0.81 150943.40 143965.52 23648.65 9054.05 327639.75 21865.89 86044.97 157.23 50968.40 1625.39 12500.00 555.56 0.00 32.59 339.30 NA 96032.61 0.00 0.00 74.35 25.61 64.52 0.00 30.96 0.00 0.00 212.73 4.68 0.00 0.00 7564.82 0.00 0.00 285.20 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0 6.22 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Excessive heat 1416.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10526.32 NA 0.00 1646502.06 3349673.47 316.46 2613.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 3658.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 387.60 0.00 263157.89 0.00 0.00 41644.07 4487.18 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Others 7633.33 137120.77 71.48 315476.90 1486783.22 212765.52 6250.00 7003.55 7923.25 270749.40 2337189.17 308170.59 1582148.97 47895.60 1254202.29 1109474.52 1027620.45 5041.73 250136.05 90014.97 465804.40 416736.98 295069.77 121719.81 218480.89 103504.58 72469.70 1197.53 108786.20 178.32 328.39 69549.51 7408.76 18401.16 56835.94 55614.59 50890.59 12349.54 1775.37 20927.54 85.84 2111.61 17963.10 549.59 15807.90 19.30 2948.88 1557.63 881.06 2.72 0 77.65 63.29 0.00 0.00 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 NA 0 0 NA
Flood 7773.28 115728.04 45541.35 1121700.35 8322.19 22671.68 35937.50 57373.85 13501.54 534502.63 11982.92 1738244.45 497812.67 18301.78 21936.33 86961.54 11180.07 813510.95 31.25 89591.38 1223.52 36227.46 39815.55 258977.24 10558.84 1130.14 130110.23 28155.56 43775.71 92276.45 12090.42 1990.75 63586.21 46683.17 0.00 909.66 517.60 50616.70 1751.78 73.75 20756.01 2369.40 6736.16 11212.87 6988.31 4903.97 2728.03 7.86 0.00 0.00 500 30.19 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Wild Fire 0.00 0.00 68529.41 0.00 178076.92 37782.22 0.00 10520.83 0.00 166816.57 208232.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 2777.78 1000000.00 0.00 29529.41 431036.46 0.00 0.00 45454.55 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 2500.00 250.00 0.00 0.00 229.51 1564.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 816.33 2436.71 0.00 15043.91 90.91 15151.52 326.09 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA 400.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Damaging winds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 91.46 NA 0.00 909090.91 404216.87 15626.56 714.29 0.00 480200.00 0.00 0.00 55555.56 0.00 0.00 714285.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4255.32 0.00 NA 5574.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40000.00 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 16666.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 68.03 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0
Hail 1689.09 5104.93 0.00 4595.99 1283.24 388.19 NA 993.07 174.93 336026.67 12275.09 909.99 28229.18 768.83 60.50 45123.41 61.22 10083.14 812019.38 28098.38 1025.30 4538.53 2934.08 725.66 1256.39 590.91 660.77 NA 9111.53 14094.04 177.65 25144.06 6063.02 62117.24 3030.30 60.30 24981.02 444.44 490.94 621.05 505.05 0.00 12420.30 6190.52 2280.34 750.38 101.45 148.74 0.00 92.17 0 0.00 0.00 59.29 0.00 0 0 NA 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
Thunderstorm 451754.22 9329.40 592068.57 12359.63 18388.21 2209.97 36366.67 26.00 960.49 74082.25 3946.17 10881.86 13087.34 29.10 8.24 29111.17 4180.76 4831.56 28424.24 47416.73 46.47 4146.03 1235.22 70.43 228.35 237.29 578.49 125000.00 2737.65 6308.07 82747.00 1965.68 3451.59 1948.53 353.25 18.17 421.05 183.17 506.42 3982.85 0.00 19743.59 4972.51 3512.60 4646.32 5.61 1231.46 0.00 156.25 539.38 0 41.67 0.00 0.00 42.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
Tornado 24970.02 3490.95 62.50 49.52 2000.52 3058.16 NA 758.43 27020.69 1846.78 9875.68 977.17 2276.33 5462.71 13630.78 10224.85 6694.91 12001.24 0.00 7875.84 9210.59 1410.07 5127.14 341.95 2085.25 1609.91 9757.23 NA 3089.60 7605.79 128.76 1971.15 387.24 227.72 83.33 18157.48 1333.33 1704.55 4981.15 52.08 87.50 0.00 3519.45 346.67 480.59 0.00 2139.78 0.00 NA 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Lightning 36.89 3075.78 0.00 62.94 96.15 75.53 0.00 0.00 24.72 3177.97 31.09 0.00 28.07 0.00 1.81 1161.11 2735.90 357.93 1123.60 86.96 529.10 0.00 15000.00 0.00 107.14 20.00 9.17 0.00 80.72 326.63 0.00 21.19 3.40 188.68 0.00 0.00 5.74 0.00 574.71 595.24 0.00 0.00 181.01 56.60 0.00 1685.19 79.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Fog 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA 0 NA 0.00 NA NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Rip current NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA 0.00 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Avalanche NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA 0 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

We can also evaluate the type of event that caused the most significant damage in the period available in the data. Adding up all the losses, floods are the most economically catastrophic event, followed by hurricanes.

noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>%
  summarise(across(propdmg_calc:cropdmg_calc,
                   ~ sum(.x))) %>% 
  arrange(desc(propdmg_calc)) %>% 
  rename("Event type" = evtype_rcd,
         "Property damage" = propdmg_calc,
         "Crop damage" = cropdmg_calc) %>%
  kable(caption = "Total property and crop damage by event type and state") %>% 
  kable_styling(latex_options = "striped") %>% 
  scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "200px")
Total property and crop damage by event type and state
Event type Property damage Crop damage
Flood 168061094835 12352059100
Hurricane 84656180010 5505292800
Thunderstorm 79407144361 7028122488
Tornado 57003317927 414961520
Hail 15736564513 3046887623
Others 11180428805 17702100650
Wild Fire 8496628500 403281630
Winter weather 1857653800 1671489400
Lightning 940442430 12092090
Damaging winds 836191538 63435600
Fog 25011500 0
Excessive heat 20325750 904469280
Avalanche 3721800 0
Rip current 163000 0 
noaa_data_health_damage %>% 
  group_by(evtype_rcd) %>% 
  summarise(across(propdmg_calc:cropdmg_calc,
                   ~ sum(.x))) %>%
  arrange(desc(propdmg_calc)) %>% 
  pivot_longer(!evtype_rcd,
               names_to = "damage",
               values_to = "total") %>% 
  filter(total >= median(total)) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(fct_reorder(evtype_rcd,
                         total),
             total,
             fill = damage))+
  geom_bar(stat = "identity",
           position ="dodge")+
  theme_classic()+
  labs(x = "Event type",
       y = "Total damage",
       fill = "Damage type",
      title = "Total property and Crop damage (1950 -2011)")+
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(0, 
                                5.00E+10,
                                1.00E+11,
                                1.50E+11),
                     labels = c("0",
                                "50 billion",
                                "100 billion",
                                "150 billion"))+
  scale_fill_discrete(labels = c("Crop damage",
                                 "Proprety damage"))+
  coord_flip()