Graphics activity

Problems

Student activities

The table shows the favorite activities of 200 students. What type of graph would be most appropriate to show the data as parts of a whole?

Favorite Activity Percent of Students
Watching TV 23%
Playing Games 30%
Browsing the Internet 15%
Gardening 17%
Shopping 15% 
activity = c("Watching TV" = 23, "Playing Games" = 30,
             "Browsing\nthe Internet" = 15, "Garding" = 17,
             "Shopping" = 15)
labels = paste0(activity,"%")
pie(activity, labels, col = hcl.colors(5, alpha = 0.8),
    main = "Activities of 200 students")
legend("right", legend = names(activity), cex = 0.8,
       fill = hcl.colors(5, alpha = 0.8))

Money spent on military

Identify the graph that is most appropriate to represent a data that denotes the amount of money spent on military over a period of time.

A line plot.

set.seed(2)
money = sort(sample(seq(1,10,0.1),23))
year = 2000:2022
plot(year, money, type = "l", lwd = 2, xlab = "Year", 
     ylab = "Millons of dollars",
     main = "Money spent on military")
points(year, money, pch = 21, col = 1, bg = 4, cex = 1.5, lwd = 2)

Time spent to get work

Which graph would be most appropriate to show the time in number of minutes that 25 employees take to travel to the office?

A stem because of the small number of sample.

set.seed(2)
time = round(rnorm(25,25,5))
stem(time, scale = 1)
## 
##   The decimal point is 1 digit(s) to the right of the |
## 
##   1 | 3
##   1 | 99
##   2 | 01344
##   2 | 555667799
##   3 | 00334
##   3 | 555

Length of names

A survey was conducted on the length of the names of the students in a class. What type of graph would be most appropriate to show the range of the data?

It depends of the number of students and the range of the data.

set.seed(47)
lengths = sample(3:15, 50, TRUE, dnorm(3:15, 6, 2))
barplot(table(lengths), density = 25, col = "#E9AE6D",
     xlab = "Length", main = "Length of names")

Most common pets

The table shows the kinds of pets the students have in a class. What type of graph would be most appropriate for the data?

Pet Frequency of the Pet
Birds 18
Cats 5
Dogs 23
Fish 17
Rabbits 6
Horse 4 
pet = c("Birds","Cats","Dogs","Fish","Rabbits","Horse")
count = c(18,5,23,17,6,4)
barplot(count, names.arg = pet, xlab = "Kind of pets", 
        ylab = "Frequency", col = "#6DA8E9")

Yearly average earnings

The table shows the yearly average earnings (in thousands of dollars) for men and women. Which type of graph would be most appropriate for the data?

Year 1998 1999 2000 2001
Men 28.9 29.3 29.6 30.2
Women 19.5 20.4 22.3 22.4 
year = 1998:2001
men = c(28.9,29.3,29.6,30.2)
women = c(19.5,20.4,22.3,22.4)
plot(year, men, type = "o", ylim = c(18,32), 
     main = "Yearly average earnings", ylab = "Thousands of dollars", 
     xaxt = "n", col = 3, pch = 19, cex = 1.5, lwd = 2)
lines(year, women, type = "o", col = 2, pch = 19, cex = 1.5, lwd = 2)
axis(1, year)
legend("bottomright", horiz = T, legend = c("Men","Women"), 
       pch = 19, col = 3:2, lty = 1, cex = 0.8, bty = "n")

Weights

The weight of 15 people(in kg) are listed: 34, 49, 23, 54, 35, 64, 40, 53, 52, 76, 48, 21, 47, 34, and 33. Which type of graph is appropriate for the data?

weights = c(34,49,23,54,35,64,40,53,52,76,48,21,47,34,33)
stem(weights, scale = 2)
## 
##   The decimal point is 1 digit(s) to the right of the |
## 
##   2 | 13
##   3 | 3445
##   4 | 0789
##   5 | 234
##   6 | 4
##   7 | 6

School enrollment

The table shows the school enrollment between 1992 to 1996. Which type of graph is appropriate for the data?

Year Number of students
1992 65
1993 85
1994 70
1995 70
1996 75 
par(mfrow = c(1,2))
year = 1992:1996
students = c(65,85,70,70,75)
plot(year, students, type = "o", ylab = "Number fo students", 
     xlab = "Year", main = "School enrollment", pch = 19, col = 2)
barplot(students, names.arg = year, ylab = "Number of students",
        xlab = "Year", main = "School enrollment", col = 2)

Cars sold by color

The table shows the number of cars sold in a week. Which type of graph is appropriate for the data?

Color of car Red White Orange Blue
Number of cars 15 24 7 11 
par(mfrow = c(1,2))
cars = c(15,24,7,11)
names(cars) = c("Red","White","Orange","Blue")
colors = c("#E91313","#FFFFFF","#ED7F11","#0E65C4")
pie(cars, labels = paste0(round(cars/sum(cars)*100,1),"%"),
    col = colors, main = "Cars sold in a week by color")
barplot(sort(cars, decreasing = TRUE), density = 20,
        main = "Cars sold in a week by color", ylim = c(0,25))

School days during school year

The table shows the number of school days each month during the last school year.

Month Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Number of Days 4 18 20 15 12 14 19 14 21 
months = month.abb[c(8:12,1:4)]
days = c(4,18,20,15,12,14,19,14,21)
barplot(days, names.arg = months, 
        xlab = "Month of last school year",
        ylab = "Number of school days", col = "#7CDDC8")

Which best describe?

Which of the graphs best represents the data?

Graph 2 better describes the data.